Cytopathology Review Fang Fan, Ivan Damjanov
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1Cytopathology Review2
3Cytopathology Review
Fang Fan MD, PhD Associate Professor of Pathology The University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City, Kansas, USA Ivan Damjanov MD, PhD Professor of Pathology Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Cytopathology Review
First Edition : 2012
9789350255599
Printed in Ajanta Offset
5Contributors 7Preface
Diagnostic cytopathology was once considered an esoteric diagnostic discipline and was practiced by only a few chosen enthusiasts working in highly specialized cancer centers. Over the last 40 years, cytopathology has become a major subspecialty of pathology widely used in all medical institutions worldwide. Originally limited to examinations of “Pap-smears” obtained by exfoliative sampling of the cervix and vagina, modern cytopathology has expanded its scope by widespread use of fine-needle aspiration techniques, or during other diagnostic procedures such as entero-retrograde-cholangio-pancreatoscopy, ultrasound or computer tomography guided biopsies. It is also used as an aid to intraoperative pathologic diagnosis most notably in form of “squash-cytology preparations”. of intracerebral lesions sampled during neurosurgery, or lymph node biopsy for lymphoma, just to mention a few. Modern cytopathology examinations are often combined with other diagnostic ancillary methods such as immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, or molecular biology. These technical advances have dramatically changed the practice of diagnostic pathology and have had a profound effect on our training of pathology residents. Cytopathology rotations are today required parts of all residency training programs in Anatomic Pathology, and the trainees are expected to master cytopathology for their Specialty Boards Examination in Anatomic Pathology. Furthermore, a subspecialty fellowship in Cytopathology has been officially established qualifying the fellows after one year of training for a Subspecialty Board Examination in Cytopathology.
In parallel with the changes in the practice of diagnostic pathology and the training of pathology residents, the publishing industry has launched several subspecialty journals devoted to cytopathology. Almost all major medical publishers have also produced cytopathology textbooks and monographs, which are prominently displayed on their publication lists. Practicing pathologists and their trainees looking for excellent textbooks or atlases of cytopathology could find them without any problem in bookstores or online. Many of these outstanding textbooks have been already reprinted in several editions. On the other hand and in contrast to this plethora of textbooks, it is worth a notice that currently there are only a few Cytopathology Subspecialty Board Preparatory texts based on questions and answers. Cognizant of this fact and aware of the need for Cytopathology question and answers books, we undertook this task and are herewith pleased to present it to potential users.
Our book is divided into 12 chapters covering all major aspects of diagnostic cytopathology. Each chapter contains theoretical questions as well as questions pertaining to the microphotographs obtained from smears collected in our daily cytopathology practice. The questions are presented in the standardized multiple choice format and resemble in form and content those that the trainees could expect to encounter on the examination by the American Board of Pathology, including the specialty examination in Anatomic Pathology, as well as the subspecialty examination in cytopathology or examinations for the Maintenance of Certification (MOC).
Most of our questions were tested out on our pathology residents and fellows in Cytopathology. We are pleased to report that such practice exams administered over many years have helped many of our trainees prepare for the American Board of Pathology Examinations, as well as the Residents’ In-service Examinations provided by the American Society for Clinical Pathology. We hope that the present collections of test questions, culled from our teaching files, or based on our daily teaching and practice of cytopathology will likewise help the readers of this book in their endeavors to obtain specialty and subspecialty certifications. If the trainees find it useful maybe it 8will reach their teachers as wellwe are most eager to hear the comments and remarks of our peers. We hope also that the book will be read by our other more seasoned colleagues and we think that it might be most useful to especially Board Certified Pathologists preparing for recertification by the American Board of Pathology or the MOC.
Our special thanks go to Mr Dennis Friesen for his tremendous work in adjusting and organizing all the microscopic images to ensure high quality; and Dr Marilee Means for her valuable collections of study sets throughout her 20 years of service as the Program Director of the Cytotechnology School at the University of Kansas Medical Center.
We hope that our readers will not be disappointed and that they will not find too many mistakes, which tend to creep into any text, by omission or commission. All your comments, be they positive or negative are nevertheless welcome and could be sent by e-mail to ffan@kumc.edu. Until then, we hope you find our book useful and enjoyable.
Fang Fan
Ivan Damjanov