Sandeep SaxenaMS
Professor and Incharge Retina Service Department of Ophthalmology CSM Medical University (Erstwhile King George's Medical University)
Lucknow, India
Carsten H MeyerMD
Professor and Head Department of Ophthalmology Pallas Klinik
Olten, Switzerland
Masahito OhjiMD
Professor and Chairman Department of Ophthalmology Shiga University of Medical Science
Shiga, Japan
Levent AkdumanMD
Associate Professor Department of Ophthalmology Saint Louis University Eye Institute Saint Louis University
Saint Louis, USA
ForewordMaurice B Landers IIIMD
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.
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Vitreoretinal Surgery
First Edition: 2012
9789350255797
Printed at
5Dedicated to
My parents Dr Rajesh C Saxena and Madhu Saxena, and to my family Sangeeta, Shreeya and Aishwarya
Sandeep
My loving wife Barbara and my children Paula and Philipp, who give my life support, happiness and dedication, for their unconditional love throughout successful as well as most challenging times
Carsten
My parents Isamu Ohji and Shigeko Ohji, and to my family Mifumi, Meiko, Hiroshi and Wako
Masahito
My parents Nebahat Akduman and Sabri Akduman, and to my family Isin, Yigit, Kaan and Koray
Levent
7Contributors
- Nakhleh E Abu-Yaghi mbbs
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Levent Akduman md
- Associate Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Saint Louis University Eye Institute
- Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, USA
- Jose Badal md
- Consultant
- Hospital Moises Broggi, Barcelona, Spain
- Sophie J Bakri md
- Associate Professor of Ophthalmology
- Vitreoretinal Diseases and Surgery
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
- Susanne Binder md
- Professor and Head
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, and Chair, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Retinology and Biomicroscopic Laser Surgery, Vienna, Austria
- Kevin J Blinder md
- Professor of Clinical Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
- Washington University School of Medicine
- The Retina Institute of St Louis, Saint Louis, USA
- Ebru Nevin Cetin md
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
- Steve Charles md facs fics
- Clinical Professor
- University of Tennessee, Memphis, USA
- Charles Retina Institute, Memphis, USA and Adjunct Professor
- Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, and Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Lawrence P Chong md
- Consultant, VMR Institute
- Huntington Beach, and Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology
- University of Southern California
- Los Angeles, USA
- Elaine de Paula Fiod Costa md
- Ophthalmologist
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Eduardo Dib md
- Ophthalmologist
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Andreas Ebneter md
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and Department of Ophthalmology
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- Dean Eliott md
- Professor
- Associate Director, Retina Service
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Benjamin J Ernst md
- Vitreoretinal Fellow
- Rocky Mountain Lions Eye Institute
- University of Colorado
- Aurora, USA
- Lisa J Faia md
- Associated Retinal Consultants
- William Beaumont Hospital
- Royal Oak, USA
- Michel Eid Farah md
- Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Federal University of Sao Paulo
- Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Stephen S Feman md mph facs
- Walter and Sharon Ryan Davisson Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Saint Louis University Eye Institute
- Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, USA
- Anne Fung md
- Vitreoretinal Consultant
- Pacific Eye Associates
- San Francisco, USA
- Anna Gabrielian md
- Senior Vitreo-Retinal Surgery Fellow
- Illinois Retina Associates
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
- Jose Garcia-Arumi md
- Chairman and Professor
- Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona
- Instituto de Microcirugía Ocular (IMO), Barcelona, Spain
- Alain Gaudric md
- Professor and Chairman
- Service d'Ophtalmologie
- Hôpital Lariboisiěre
- Université Paris 7, Paris, France
- Jagjit Singh Gilhotra m med franzco
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Royal Adelaide Hospital and South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Adelaide, Australia
- Lingam Gopal ms frcs
- Director Research
- Medical Research Foundation
- Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
- Kaan Gündüz md
- Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
- Seenu M Hariprasad md
- Associate Professor and Director of Clinical Research
- Chief, Vitreoretinal Service
- Section of Ophthalmology and Visual Science
- University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
- Tarek S Hassan md
- Professor, Department of Ophthalmology
- William Beaumont School of Medicine
- Oakland University
- Partner, Associated Retinal Consultants, Royal Oak, USA
- Heinrich Heimann md
- Consultant Ophthalmic Surgeon
- Royal Liverpool University Hospital
- Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Yasushi Ikuno md
- Associate Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
- Osaka, Japan
- Astha Jain mbbs
- Department of Ophthalmology
- CSM Medical University, Lucknow, India
- Rajeev Jain ms
- Save Sight Centre
- New Delhi, India
- Humeyra Karacal md
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
- Washington University School of Medicine
- St. Louis, USA
- Pearse A Keane mrcophth msc
- Moorfields Eye Hospital
- London, United Kingdom
- Ferenc Kuhn md phd
- Associate Professor of Clinical Ophthalmology
- University of Alabama at Birmingham
- Associate Director of Clinical Research
- Helen Keller Foundation for Research and Education
- Birmingham, Alabama, USA and Chief Vitreoretinal Surgeon, Milos Klinika
- Belgrade, Serbia
- Timothy YY Lai md frcsed
- Associate Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Wico W Lai md facs
- Associate Professor
- Eye Institute and the Research Center of Heart
- Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging
- The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Paolo Lanzetta md
- Associate Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Gary KY Lee mbbs mrcsed
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong
- Amy Lo phd
- Assistant Professor
- Eye Institute and the Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging
- The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Mauricio Maia md
- Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Ajit Babu Majji md
- Consultant
- Smt. Kanuri Shantamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Diseases
- LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
- Nicholas Marchase md
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Callahan Eye Foundation Hospital
- Birmingham, USA
- Gloria Dal Mas md
- Department of Ophthalmology
- University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Ranjana Mathur m med frcs (Ed) ms dnb
- Senior Consultant
- Vitreoretinal Service
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
- Colin A McCannel md
- Jules Stein Eye Institute
- University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
- Los Angeles, USA
- Carsten H Meyer md
- Professor and Head
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Pallas Klinik, Olten, Switzerland
- Dimple Modi md mph
- Retina Fellow
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
- University of Miami, Miami, USA
- Shaheeda Mohamed mbbs mrcsed
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong
- Milton Nunes de Moraes-Filho md
- Ophthalmologist
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Masahito Ohji md
- Professor and Chairman
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
- Ozay Oz md
- Associate Professor
- Sevgi Eye Center, Adana, Turkey
- Claudine E Pang mrcs (ed)
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore
- Eylem Yaman Pinarci md
- Instructor
- Istanbul Medical and Research Center
- Baskent University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Kamalesh J Ramaiya md
- Vitreoretinal Surgeon
- Eye Associates of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
- Eduardo Buchele Rodrigues md
- Ophthalmologist
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Srinivas R Sadda md
- Associate Professor
- Director, Medical Retina, Doheny Eye Institute
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Valentina Sarao md
- Department of Ophthalmology
- University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Osamu Sawada md
- Associate Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Shiga University of Medical Science
- Shiga, Japan
- Sandeep Saxena ms
- Professor and Incharge
- Retina Service
- Department of Ophthalmology
- CSM Medical University
- (Erstwhile King George's Medical University)
- Lucknow, India
- Hermann D Schubert md
- Professor of Clinical Ophthalmology and Pathology
- Edward S Harkness Eye Institute
- New York-Presbyterian Hospital
- Columbia University, New York, USA
- Neha Sinha mbbs
- Department of Ophthalmology
- CSM Medical University
- Lucknow, India
- Ulrike Stolba md
- Associate Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology and L Boltzmann Institute of Retinology
- Rudolf Foundation Clinic, Vienna, Austria
- Ramin Tadayoni md
- Service d'Ophtalmologie
- Hôpital Lariboisiěre
- Université Paris 7, Paris, France
- Ryan M Tarantola md
- Assistant Professor
- Vitreoretinal Diseases
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Saint Louis University Eye Institute
- Saint Louis University
- Saint Louis, USA
- Paul E Tornambe md facs
- Retina Consultants, San Diego
- Poway, USA
- Michael T Trese md
- Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine and Chief Pediatric and Adult Vitreoretinal Surgery
- William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, USA
- Daniele Veritti md
- Department of Ophthalmology
- University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- David Wong frcs frcophth
- Professor
- Eye Institute and the Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging
- The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Edmund YM Wong m med frcs (ed)
- Senior Consultant
- Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore
- Ian Y Wong mrcs
- Assistant Professor
- Eye Institute and the Research Center of Heart
- Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging
- The University of Hong Kong
- Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- David M Wu md phd
- Doheny Eye Institute
- Keck School of Medicine
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Widad Yusof md frcs
- Eye Institute and the Research Center of Heart,
- Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging
- The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Miguel Zapata md
- Associate Professor
- Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona
- Hospital Universitario Valle Hebron
- Barcelona, Spain
Dr Sandeep Saxena, along with Drs Carsten H Meyer, Masahito Ohji and Levent Akduman, has once again put together a remarkable book, this time covering the field of vitreoretinal surgery.
This book is destined to become a classic in the field. Clearly written by multiple international experts, the detailed reference lists following each chapter provide extensive background support for the text.
The illustrations are outstanding. Combining excellent schematic drawings, beautiful clinical photographs, fluorescein angiograms, and OCT images…the illustrations provide the reader, whether novice or expert, with a remarkably lucid journey through the complex world of vitreoretinal surgery.
The book is divided into eleven sections, initially covering Principles, Techiques and Instrumentation in Vitrectomy, and moving on through sections on the management of Retinal Detachment, Diabetic Retinopathy, Retinal Vascular Disorders and Inflammation, Macular Surgery, Trauma, Endophthalmitis, Pediatric Vitreoretinal Surgery, Viral Retinitis, and then several miscellaneous chapters, covering surgery for dislocated lenses, retinal detachments associated with optic disc pits, parasitic disease surgery, and retinal detachments associated with choroidal colobomas. The book concludes with a chapter on eye wall resections for ocular tumors.
This is an outstanding book. Experienced vitreoretinal surgeons will be pleased to have it in their library; young ophthalmologists, whether residents or fellows just starting out in the field, will find it an excellent guide book to start them on their lifelong journey into the field of vitreoretinal surgery.
Maurice B Landers III md
Professor of Ophthalmology
Director, Vitreoretinal Service
Department of Ophthalmology
University of North Carolina
Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
13Preface
The field of vitreoretinal diseases is technology driven. Because of the rapidity of the new developments, it is difficult for anyone to stay current in the latest advances in emerging technologies.
The best way to comprehend vitreoretinal surgery is to appreciate the underlying principles involved. With this deeper level of understanding, integration of surgical techniques and instrumentation becomes possible. Each unique source of information increases the value of the whole by more than just an additive amount; the increase in knowledge is a multiplicative function of the number of sources of information. Our ability to evaluate, perceive and think about vitreoretinal diseases is increased by the number of ways we can gain unique information. This is not merely obtaining more data; the information gained exists in an interlocking milieu.
As new surgical techniques, lasers and instruments are introduced; one must learn their intricacies for applying them to the treatment of vitreoretinal diseases. In turn, the adoption of new technology brings with it the need to learn new skills and develop new treatment algorithms. Advancing capabilities furthermore allows intervention for new indications.
As techniques, indications, and equipment evolve, better outcomes result but may also be accompanied by new sets of complications. Keeping up with these changes is vital. New technology and surgical approaches must be adapted to the specific socioeconomic conditions and disease presentations in different parts of the world.
‘Vitreoretinal Surgery’ provides a comprehensive text combined with integrated visual reference, in the form of colored figures. This book attempts to update the state-of-the-art vitreoretinal surgery in a lucid, authoritative and well-illustrated manner.
The value of this book lies in the quality and expertise of the text chapters contributors from across the globe. Contributors from Japan, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, India, Middle East, Turkey, Austria, Germany, France, Spain, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Italy, United States of America and Brazil provide a global perspective about the subject.
The book is intended for the experienced ophthalmologists, postgraduates as well as those in training. This pragmatic book provides an understanding of vitreoretinal surgery so important to the everyday practice.
There is something in this book for everyone.
Sandeep Saxena
Carsten H Meyer
Masahito Ohji
Levent Akduman