The Short Textbook of Medical Microbiology for Dental Students Satish Gupte
INDEX
Page numbers followed by f refer to figure and t refer to table
A
Abnormal replicative cycles 214
ABO
antigens 112
distribution in India 113t
Abortive infection 214
Abscess 3
formation in lymph node 161
Absolute concentrate method 158
Accessory nutritional requirements 30
Acholeplasma 185
Acid-fast
bacilli 42f
bacteria 329
Acidic
acridine orange stain 27
protoplasm theory 26
Acinetobacter
calcoaceticus 304f
wolfii 147
Acintomadura madurae 257
Acquired
immunity 73
immunodeficiency syndrome 116, 238
syphilis 181
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcom- itans 201
Actinomyces 187
bovis 40
club 27
israelii 40, 199, 201
naeslundii 199, 201
viscosus 197, 199
Actinomycotic mycetoma 188
Acute
circulatory failure 150
glomerulonephritis 135
hemorrhagic conjunctivitis 231
infectious disease 232
necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 199, 201
osteomyelitis 128
phase proteins 72
rheumatic fever 135
tubular necrosis 280
ulcerative gingivitis 201
Adeno associated virus 226
Adenovirus 219, 221, 226, 240
Adsorption 213
Adult worm 283285, 287, 288, 290
Advantages of
newer vaccines 76
normal flora 296
resistant flora 197
Aerosols and gaseous disinfectant 50
Affecting
cultured cell 102
granulocytes 102
lymphocytes 102
macrophages 102
Agammaglobulinemia 115
Agar plate 166
Agglutination
and pellicle formation 23
reactions 87
test 241, 259
Agrobacterium tumefaciens 63
Albert
stained smear of Coryne-
bacterium diphtheriae 151f
Alcaligenes fecalis 31
Alescheria boydii 257
Alfa lysine production 129
Alimentary tract 300
infections 322
Alkylostoma 306
Allele 3
Allergic reaction 283
Allergy 3
tests 158
Allograft rejection 117
Alper's syndrome 215
Alpha hemolytic streptococci 137
Amebic
hepatitis 302
ulcer of penis 271
vaginitis 271
Amidase test 155
Amphitrichate 21
Ampicillin 58
Anaerobe 3
Anaerobic
cellulitis 174
cocci 138
glove box 38
gram-negative bacilli 190
media 36
myositis 174
streptococcus 138
Anamnestic reaction 101
Anaphylactoid reactions 108
Anaphylaxis 13, 106
Anaphylotoxin 91
chemotactic factor 91
histamine release 91
Ancylostoma duodenale 268, 284, 285t
Animal
inoculation 172, 180, 215
pathogenicity 141, 175
Anthrax 14
Antibacterial serum 73
Antibiotic 3
assays in body fluids 59
sensitivity test 34, 58
solutions and toxins 51
Antibody 3
Antigen 3, 77
and antibody reaction 85
detection 329
recognition receptor 94
structure 171
Antigenic
determinant 77
structure 125, 133, 149, 155, 167, 186
of staphylococci 125f
of Streptococcus pyogenes 133f
Antigens-antibody reactions 85
Antimicrobial
chemoprophylaxis 60
therapy 57
Antiseptic 46
Antiserum 3
Antistreptolysin O
antibody titer 312
test 89
Antitoxic serum 73
Antitoxins 3, 13
Anti-tuberculosis drugs 207
Application of
disinfectants 46
immunology 70
molecular epidemiology 14
vaccine 76
Arbovirus 219, 305
Arenavirus 221
Arrangement of
bacilli 16f
flagella in bacteria 22f
Arthritis 136
Arthus reaction 110
Artificial
active immunity 73
passive immunity 73
Aryl sulfatase 155
Ascaris lumbricoides 283, 306
Ascomycetes 255
Atopic dermatitis 110
Atypical
mycobacteria 161
pneumonia 237
Autoclavation 51
Autoclave 48, 325
tapes 48
Autoimmune diseases 104, 116, 117
Azithromycin 58
B
Baby hamster kidney cell line 217
Bacillary and amebic dysentery 271t
Bacille Calmette-Guérin 160
Bacilli 3, 40
Bacillus 166
anthracis 24, 168, 320, 324
anthrax 166
cereus 169, 305
intermedius 201
stearothermophilus 23, 48
subtilis 12, 23, 24, 168
Bacitracin 136
BACTEC system 159
Bacteremia 4, 309
Bacteria 4
hypersensitivity 111
anatomy 16
Bacterial
appendages 56
cells 195
diseases 88
dissociation 64
flora of oral cavity 197
oral miscosal infections 206
plasmids 63
reproduction 32
spores 27
Bactericidin 71
Bacteriocide 4
Bacteriocinogen plasmids 63
Bacteriological
diagnosis of Clostridium perfrin- gens food poisoning 175
methods 128
test in dental carries 200
Bacteriophage typing 44, 126, 149
of staphylococci 126f
Bacteroides 190
fragilus 190
gingivalis 201
intermedius 201
melaninogenicus 190, 195, 196
Baird-Parker’s
classification of staphylococci 124t
classified staphylococcus 123
Balamuth's medium 272
Balantidium coli 270
Bartonella hensalae 318
Basal structure of bacterial flagella 21f
Basic polypeptides 71
Basidiomycetes 255
B-cells and macrophage 99t
BCG vaccine 160
Beef tapeworm 287
Beta
galactosidase 64
hemolysis 125
lysin 71
Bile salt agar 34
Binary fission 186
Binding
heterogeneous tissue 83
of macrophages 83
Biofilm 28
Biological functions of complement 91
Biosynthesis of complement 92
Bipolar 4
Blastocystis hominis 282
Blastomyces dermatitidis 262, 262f
Blastomycosis 262
Blastospores in tissue 258f
Blepharoplast 4
Blister 4
Blocking of IgE binding 83
Blood
agar 34, 124, 130, 137, 143, 167, 175
colony 129
medium 171
culture 34, 300
bottle 302f
donation 243
donors 240
group 13, 112
and diseases 114
macrophages 97
stained pleural exudate 150
tellurite medium 148
transfusion 113, 114
Bollinger's bodies 217
Bone marrow 259, 280
Bordetella pertussis 299
Borrelia 178
burgdorferi 318
recurrentis 178
vincentii 178, 179
Bovine 4
pustular stomatitis 223
spongiform encephalopathy 214
Brain 280
Branches of microbiology 14
Branhamella catarrhalis 198
Breast abscess 128
Bronchoconstriction 109
Bronchopneumonia 141
Browne's tube 47, 48
Brucellin test 313
Brucellosis 88, 111, 302
Budding 4
Buffer 4
Buffy coat of blood cells 259
Bunyavirus 219
Burkitt's lymphoma 205
Bursa of fabricius 95
C
Calculus formation 199
Calymmatobacterium granulomatis 189
Candida
albicans 147, 195, 198, 207, 240, 255, 259f, 260f, 304, 306, 309
pseudotropicalis 198
stellatoidea 198
tropicalis 198
Candidiasis 259
Capnophilic bacteria 30
Capsomere 4
Capsular
polysaccharide 140
stain 28
swelling reaction 140
Capsulated bacteria 56
Capsule 4, 17, 128
of pneumococci 139f
Carbon dioxide 30
Carcinoma embryonic antigen 119
Castaneda’s
media 302
method 309
Catalase
production 44
test 155
Cefetamet 58
Cefpirome 58
Cefprozile 58
Ceftibuten 58
Cell
cooperation factor 102
cultures in use 216
line 4
mediated immunity 98, 100, 164
membrane receptors for viruses 217t
of lymphoreticular system 96
wall 1f, 17, 19
permeability 26
polysaccharide 128
Cellular
culture of polio virus 13
products 72
Cellulitis 4
Central lymphoid system 94
Cephalic tetanus 172
Cephalosporium 257
Cerebrospinal fluid examination 144
Ceroids in liver of rat 27
Certain sulfur oxidizing bacteria 20
Ceruloplasmin angiotensin 72
Cervical lymphadenopathy 205
Cestodes 286
Cetylpyridinium chloride 52
Characteristics of
pathogenic strain 125
T-cells 99t
Characters of
amebic intestinal ulcers 272
pathogens 55
prions 215
Charcot-Leyden cystals 302
Chédiak-Higashi disease 116
Chemical
composition of viruses 220t
structure of
bacterial cell wall 18f
cell wall 17
cytoplasmic membrane 20f
Chick
embryo 215
fibroblast cell culture 216
martin test 52
Chickenpox 204
Chitin 4
Chlamydia psittaci 309
Chlamydial infection 147
Chloramphenicol 58
Chlorine containing agents 52
Chloroquine 280
Chocolate agar 34, 145
plate 143
Cholera 14
Chorioallantoic membrane 89, 215
Chromatin 4
Chromoblastomycosis 256
Chromomycosis 257
Chromosome 15
duplication 32
function 62
Chronic
active hepatitis 245
gingivitis 201
mucocutaneous 115
periodontitis 201
ulcers 272
wasting disease 214
Chymotrypsin 72
Cilia 15
Citrate utilization 43
Cladosporium 257f
carrionii 256
Classification of
autoimmune diseases 117t
immunity 70f
infection 54
media 34
mycobacteria 153
parasites 266f
pathogenic protozoa 270t
retrovirus 251t
Streptococcus 131
transplant 117
vaccines available against micro- organisms 75t
viruses 219
Cleaning disinfection and steriliza tion in dentistry practice 52
Clinical immunodeficiency diseases 115t
Clonorchis sinensis 268
Clostridium 170
botulinum 24, 170, 175, 176, 330
butyricum 170
difficile 176, 177, 305, 318, 330
edematiens 306
perfringens 24, 79, 170, 173, 174, 175, 305308
septicum 174, 306
sporogenes 173
tetani 24, 37, 47, 75, 170, 170f,
welchii 170, 173
Clue cells 4
Cluster of differentiation 95
Coagglutination 87
Coagulase test 129
Coccidioides immitis 255, 260, 261, 261f, 324
Coccidioidomycosis 260
Cold
agglutinin test in primary atypi- cal pneumonia 79
hemagglutination test 312
Coliform bacilli 306
Collagen vascular diseases 92
Collection and
preliminary processing of
specimens 299
transport of clinical specimens 297
Colonies of
Corynebacterium diphtheriae 149f
M. hominis 186f
Staphylococcus aureus 124f
Streptococcus viridans 138f
Ureaplasma urealyticum 187f
Combination with staphylococcal protein 83
Combined
immunity 151
immunization 173
Commensal neisseriae 147
Common
pili 22
staining techniques 42
Community microbiology 316
Comparison of rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis 135t
Complement
activation causing lysis 82
dependent serological tests 93
fixation 85, 260, 261
test 88, 93, 146, 181, 258, 262, 291
system 90
Complete antigen 78
Complex
hapten 78
media 35
Complication of
BCG 161
Plasmodium falciparum 279
primary vaccination 225
Concentration methods 157
Congenital
malaria 279
syphilis 55, 181, 183
X-linked agammaglobulinemia 115
Conglutinating complement absorption 93
Conglutinin 93
Conjugation 65, 65f
tube 23
Conjunctiva 299
Contact sensitivity 111
Contagious pustular dermatitis 223
Contagium vivum 11
Continuous cell lines 216, 217
Control of bacterial plaques 196
Convalescent serum 74
Cooked meat medium 170, 173, 173f
Coombs’ test 88
Coronavirus 219, 222, 249
Corynebacterium 148
diphtheriae 72, 75, 148, 148f, 149t, 150, 151, 303, 329
Cot death 110
Counter current immunoelectro- phoresis 258, 291
Cowdry bodies 226
Cowpox 223, 225
Coxiella burnetii 23, 24, 309
Coxsackie virus 70, 230, 305
infection 205
Craig's medium 272
C-reactive proteins 71
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 249, 215
Crohn's disease 207
Cross infection 54
Crossing of placenta 83
Cryptococcus neoformans 240, 255, 258
Cryptosporidium parvum 319
Crystal violet blood agar plate 133f
Cultivation
of T lymphocytes 240
viruses 215
Culture of
anaerobic bacteria 34
bacteria like streptococci 34
C. diphtheriae 34
fastidious bacteria like Neisseria 34
intestinal bacteria 34
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 34
Salmonella and Shigella 34
stool for Salmonella 34
and Shigella 34
V. cholerae 34
Cutaneous anaphylaxis 107
Cyclophyllidean tapeworms 287
Cyclospora cayetanensis 319
Cyst 273
Cysticercus
bovis 287
cellulosae 288, 289
Cytokines 102, 103t
Cytomegalovirus 198, 226, 228, 240, 244
Cytophillic factor 102
Cytoplasm 15, 20
Cytoplasmic
granules in bacteria 21t
membrane 19
ribosome 15
streaming 15
D
Dane's particles 246
Dark ground microscopy 25, 182
Deep infection 128
Defective viruses 214
Delayed hypersensitivity 104, 110
Deleterious action of toxic sub- stances 268
Demonstration of
antibody 225
capsule 17
Clostridium botulinum toxin 176
motility 34
virus 224
antigen 328
Dengue 14
Dental
caries 196, 199
plaque 195
and dental caries 199
Deoxycholate citrate agar 34
Deoxyribonuclease 127, 134
Depletion of nutrient 31
Description of colonies of bacteria 37
Detection of
CMI 104
Detection of reverse tran- scriptase 240
viral
antigens 218
nucleic acids 218
virus growth on cell cultures 217
Development of
Diphtheria antitoxin 75
Pasteur's antirabies vaccine 75
rapid methods for identification of organisms 44
DiGeorge's syndrome 115
Dialister pneumosintes 190
Diameter of virus 245
Diaminopimelic acid 15
Diarrhea 177
Dick test 136, 313
Dideoxyinosine 242
Diethylcarbamazine 286
Different types of
hand hygiene 332
viruses 220f
Differential leukocyte count 128, 156
Diffusion tests 59
Digest broth 33
Dilution tests 59
Dimorphic fungi 255
Diphosphopyricine nucleotidase 134
Diphtheria 152t
antitoxin floccules 75
toxin 150
toxoid 75, 76
Diphtheroids 152, 152t
bacilli 198
Diphyllobothrium latum 287
Diplococcus 40
Diploid cell strains 216
Direct
agglutination test 87
and indirect Coombs’ test 88t
immunofluorescent technique 89f
method 89, 240
Dirofilaria immitis 286
Disadvantages of
egg inoculation 215
newer vaccines 76
Disinfection 46
Disposable
catheter 51
instrument 51
syringes 51
Distilled water 50
Distribution of Forssman antigen 79t
Division protophyta 40
DNA
double helix 61f
probes 160
viruses 223
Dog tapeworm 287, 289
Donovania granulomatis 189
Dot
blot test 242
ELISA 291
Double
layer technique 89
standard DNA 62f
Dracunculus medinensis 268
infection 268
Draughtsman colonies of Pneumo- coccus 140f
Drawback of filtration 49
Drug resistance 59
Dry
heat 47
nonproductive cough 237
Duodenal ulcer 114
Durham's tube 35, 35f
Dwarf tapeworm 287
E
E. test 59
Eaton's agent 185
Ebola
fever 10
virus 14, 250, 319
Echinococcus
granulosus 287, 289, 290
multilocularis 287, 291
Echo viruses 231
Ectocyst 290
Ectromelia 223
Egg
fertilized 283
yolk medium 124
Eikenella corrodens 201
Electrophoretic mobility 83
Elek's test 86
Elevation of colonies 37f
ELISA 116
test kits 156
Emerging
and re-emerging microbial
diseases 318
microbial diseases 318
Encephalitozoon
cuniculi 319
hellem 319
Endocarditis 132, 136
and renal abscesses 128
Endocyst 290
Endodontic infections 203
Endolimax nana 273
Endoplasmic reticulum 15
Endotoxic shock 91
Endotoxin 55
Enlargement of draining lymph node 161
Enrichment media 34, 35, 300
Entamoeba
coli 272, 272t, 296
gingivalis 198, 273
histolytica 265, 269, 271, 272, 272t, 302, 306
Enteric fever 302
Enteritis necrotican 175
Enterobacter 309
Enterobius vermicularis 285
Enterococci faecalis 136
Enterococcus 197
avium 136
durans 136
faecalis 136, 309
faecium 136
Enterocytozoon bieneusi 319
Enterotoxin 127
Enteroviruses 230
Enzymatic digestion 80
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay 245
Epidemic
diseases 232t
keratoconjunctivitis 226
prone diseases 14
Episomes 63
Epithelial
cell 274f
surfaces 71
Epstein-Barr virus 204, 218, 228
and oral
disease 205
mucosal disorder 205
Erysipelothrix insidiosa 189
Erythema nodosum 161
Erythrocytic sedimentation rate 156
Erythrogenic toxin 134
Escherichia coli 21, 30, 37, 52, 55,
56, 59f, 6365, 79, 173, 296,
Ethambutol 158
Ethylene oxide 51
Eubacterales 40
Evaluation tests of disinfectant 52
Evolutionary origin of viruses 211
Exfoliative toxin 127
Exoskeleton of insects 27
Extrachromosomal genetic
elements 63
F
Fab fragments 81
Factors
favoring allograft survival 118
influencing
antibody production 101
growth 31
pigment production 124
Facultative anaerobes 30
False negative tuberculin test 159
Fernandes reaction 164
Feroxacin 58
Fertility factor 63
Fever 72, 161
Fibrinogen 72
Fibrinolysin 127
Fibroma 223
Fimbriae 22, 23t
Fimbriated bacteria form pellicle in liquid media 22
Fish tapeworm 287
Fisher’s
hypothesis 113
system 113
Fixation of complement 83
Flagella 21, 23t
Flavoprotein 30
Flocculation
method 157
test 146
Fluid media 33, 123, 132, 143
Fluorescent
antibody straining 217
Treponema antibody 183
Focal infection 54
Fonsecaea
compactum 256
dermatitides 256
pedrosoi 256
Food
hypersensitivity 110
poisoning 174
Formaldehyde 50
Formamide 133
Formation of
daughter cysts 291
dental plaque 199
septa and cell division 32
spore 23, 24f
Fowlpox 223
Francisella tularensis 324
Frei's test 313
Freund's complete adjuvant 101
Friedenreich phenomenon 114
Fujerbio agglutination test 241
Fuller's method 133
Fumigation 50
Function of immunoglobulins 82
Functional classification of T-cells 95t
Fungal hypersensitivity 111
Fungi
and protozoa encountered in oral cavity 198
imperfecti 256
Fusobacterium 190
fusiformis 190
girani 190
nucleatum 199, 201
Future cell wall 23
G
Gaffkya tetragena 130
Galactoside permease 64
Gamma
radiations 51
rays 51
Gardnerella vaginalis 147
Gastric lavage 308
Gastrointestinal tract 280, 295
Gel diffusion 86
Gelatin 34
stab 167, 167f
General characteristics of viruses 211
Generation of immunoglobulin diversity 13
Genetic
influences 74
of complement system 90
RNA 13
Genital tract 134
infections 132
Germinal follicles 96
Germination of spore 24
Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker syndrome 215
Giant cell pneumonia 233
Giardia lamblia 270, 273, 273t, 274, 306
trophozoite 274
Giemsa's method 233
Glucose broth 34
Glutaraldehyde 51
Glutathione 30, 39
Glycerol 212
alkaline peptone water 34
Golden yellow pigment 125
Golgi apparatus 15
Gomori methenamine silver stain 256
Gonococci from smear of urethral discharge 145f
Gonorrhea 70, 88, 206
Goodpasture disease 110
Grading of slides in AFB micros copy 27t
Gram’s
iodine 26
stain 23, 26, 42, 256
stained smear 42f
Gram-negative
aerobes 58
bacilli 42, 197
bacteria 18f, 42, 50, 58, 65
cell wall 17
cocci 197
diplococci 92
organisms 26
Gram-positive
aerobes 58
and gram-negative
cell wall 19f
organisms 18t
bacilli 24, 197, 200
bacteria 42, 58, 65
cell wall 18
cocci 42f, 197
organisms 26
Granulomatous reactions 111
Group A coxsackievirus 204
Growth
curve 30
of viable bacteria 30f
factor 29
in KCN 44
in semisolid medium 153
of viruses in chick embryo 216t
Guarnieri's bodies 217, 224f
H
Haemophilus
influenzae 17, 56, 58, 75, 197, 198, 299, 309, 330
vaginalis 147
Hagedorn needle 224
Halogens 50, 52
Hand
hygiene
in dentistry 331
technique 333
with alcohol hand rub/gel 333
washing
techniques 332
with liquid soap 333
Hantian virus 319
Hashimoto's disease 117
Hazards of vaccination 76
Heart 280
diseases 60
lung machine 51
Heat 47, 83
Heavy chain allotype 83
Helicobacter pylori 13, 318
Helminths 283
Helper T-lymphocytes 95
Hemadsorption 217
Hemagglutination 22, 23
test 217
Treponema test for syphilis 183
Hemagglutinin 224, 233
Hemolysin 134, 140
Hemorrhagic jaundice 179
Hepatitis
A 231, 244
virus 244, 245f
B 198, 244
carriers 247
globulin 247
vaccine 76
virus 246, 246f
C 10, 244
virus 247
D
virus 247, 248f
E 10
virus 248
F 10
virus 248
G 10
virus 248
virus 219, 244
Herd immunity 74
Herpes
simplex 198, 216, 226, 240
and coxsackievirus 244
infections 204
types 1 and 2 226
virus 204
virus 219, 226
B 216
infection 204, 205
zoster 75, 226, 228
High pressure high vacuum 49
Higher bacteria 40
Highly active antiretroviral therapy 242
Hiobacillus thiooxidans 31
Hippurate hydrolysis 44
Hiss’s
method 28
serum 35
Histamine 108
Histocompatibility
antigen 78
complex 77
Histones 15
Histoplasma capsulatum 54, 240, 255, 259, 260, 260f, 305
Histoplasmosis 259
History of
development of immunization 74
helminths 267
protozoa 267
HIV 14, 198
Hobb's medium 58
Hodgkin's disease 260
Hormonal influence 70
Hospital
and laboratory waste 324
blankets 51
Hot air oven 47, 47f, 51
Human
adenoviruses 226
amnion cell culture 216
carcinoma of
cervix cell line 216, 217
nasopharynx cell line 216, 217
coronaviruses 236
embryonic lung cell strain 216
epithelioma of larynx cell line 216, 217
erythrocytes antigen 78
foamy virus 251
gammaglobulin 245
herpes virus 228, 229
K cell system 97
synovial carcinoma cell line 216, 217
tumor leukemia virus 251
Humoral immunity 100
Hutchinson's teeth 181, 206
Hyaluronidase 126, 134
Hydatid
cyst 290
fluid 79, 291
sand 291
Hydrochloric acid 133
Hydroclaving 325
Hydrogen
ion concentration 31
peroxide vapors 50
sulfide production 43
Hydrolyses urea 125
Hymenolepsis
diminuta 287
nana 287
Hypersensitivity reactions 106t
I
Identification
in cell culture 218
of bacteria 42
IgA 83
IgD 84
IgE 84
IgG 82
molecule 83f
IgM 83
molecule 84f
Immune
adherence opsonization 91
adherence test 89
complex diseases 110
deficiency syndrome 115
Immunization against caries 200
Immunodeficiency with
ataxia telangiectasia 115
thrombocytopenia 115
Immunoelectron
microscopic test 89
microscopy 89, 218
Immunoelectrophoresis 86
Immunoenzyme system 89
Immunoferritin test 89
Immunofluorescence test 242
Immunoglobulin 80
classes 82
Immunologic methods 141
Immunological
paralysis 101
surveillance 119
tolerance 119
Immunology of transplantation 117
Inactivation of HIV 240
Incineration 47
Inclusion bodies 217
Increase vascular permeability 109
Increased vasodilatation 91
Increases gastric secretion 109
Incubation
period 245
time 275
India ink
method 28
preparation 139, 256
Indications of hand washing 331
Indirect
fluorescent
antibody test 181
test 259
immunofluorescence test 291
methods 241
Individual immunity 70
Indole
production 43
test 34
Infecting dose 56
Infection 54, 55
monocucuosis 205
of plaque 199
Infectious disease 224, 315
mononucleosis 205
waste 324
of hospital and laboratory 324
Infective
diarrhea 305
disease 111
endocarditis 309
Inflammation 72
Inflammatory cells 164
Influenza
vaccine 232
virus 198, 216, 231
Infrared radiation 51
Infusion broth 33
Innate immunity 70
Inorganic anion 50
Inspissation 48
Instructive theory 101
Interaction of T and D-lymphocyte 98f
Intercellular adhesion molecule 217
Interferon 103
Interpretation of Mantoux test 159
Interstitial keratitis 181
Intestinal
anthrax 168
biopsy 274
Intracytoplasmic inclusions 20
Introduction of pathogenic microor ganisms 268
Inverted tree appearance 167f
Iodameba butschlii 273
Isoantibodies 112
Isolation of
organism 128
virus 328
Isoniazid 158
Isospora belli 281
J
James dots 277
Jeryl-Lynn strain 232
Johne's Bacillus 153
Jungmann's method 157
K
Kahn's test 182
Kala-azar 14, 302
Kaposi's sarcoma 240
Karpas test 241
Kelsey Sykes test 52
Keratoconjunctivitis 226
Kidney 280
Killer diseases 14
Kinins 108
Klebsiella 304
pneumonia 56, 309
Koch’s
phenomena 11, 111, 159
postulate 12
Koplik spots 233
Korthof's medium 180
Kupfer's cells 279
L
Laboratory
diagnosis of viral disease 327
infection 55
uses of antibiotics 58
Lac operon 64f
Lactobacilli 189
Lactobacillus
acidophilus 199
casei 199
Lactose
egg yolk milk medium 171
fermenter colonies on MacConkey media 35f
Lancefield's acid extraction method
Large
pink colonies 307f
plasmids 63
Larva 288
Laryngeal swab 308
Lassa virus 251
Latex agglutination 242, 260
test 250, 258, 310
Lattice
formation 86f
hypothesis 85
Lauryl sulfate method 157
L-chain 81
Legionella pneumophila 318, 329
Leishman stain 286
Leishmania donovani 270
Leonine face 164
Lepra bacilli in lesion 164
Leprabacilli 27
Lepromatous leprosy 164t
Lepromin
skin test 165
test 163, 164
Leprosy 111
Leptospira 14, 179
australis 180
autumnalis 180
bataviae 180
canicola 180
grippotyphosa 180
hebdomadis 180
icterohaemorrhagica 179, 180
interrogans 320
pamona 180
pyrogen 180
segroe 180
Lesions of endodontic infection 203
Leucocidin 127, 140
Leukovirus 222
Life cycle 281
in man 276
in mosquito 276
of Entamoeba histolytica 271f
of Isospora belli 281f
Limulus amebocyte lysate test 330
Liquefies gelatin 125
Liquid
culture 37
media 34
Lister institute 225
Listeria monocytogenes 55, 188, 188f, 240, 309
Litmus milk 173f
Live
attenuated vaccine 232
vaccine 75
of rubella and mumps 75
Liver 279
Living organisms 73
Lobar pneumonia 140
Local immunity 74
Localized juvenile periodontitis 201
Location of normal flora 295
Loeffler’s
serum slope 34, 303
slope culture 148
Lophotrichate 21
Löwenstein-Jensen medium 34, 305, 308
Ludwig's angina 203
Lungs 280
Lupis vulgaris 161
Lupoid lesion 161
Lyme's disease 10, 179
Lymph node 94, 96, 164
and skin biopsy 259
Lymphadenopathy associated virus 238
Lymphocyte 97
transformation test 104
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis 249, 305
Lymphogranuloma venereum 88, 111
Lymphoid tissues 96
Lymphokines 102
Lysis of red blood cells 90
Lysogenic conversion 65
Lysosomes 13, 15
Lysozyme 71
M
MacConkey
agar 307f
medium 137
plate 304
medium 34, 35, 124
Macrophage
aggregating factor 102
anti-spreading factor 102
chemotactic factor 102
containing blastospores of histo- plasma capsulatum 260f
exhibiting factor 102
migration inhibiting factor 104
resistance factor 102
Madurella
grisea 257
mycetomatis 257
Maduromycotic mycetoma 257
Magnesium ribonucleate theory 26
Magnetic resonance imaging 291
Magnus phenomenon 214
Major
ABO groups antigens 112t
groups of
DNA viruses 219
RNA viruses 221
histocompatibility complex 13
Malaria 13, 14, 302
Malarial parasite 276
Mannitol
fermentation 125, 129
salt agar Staphylococcus aureus 125f
Mannose binding proteins 72
Mantoux test 159
Marburg
disease 10
virus 244, 250
Marginal gingival periodontal liga- ment 199
Marmota monax 248
Mastigophora 273
Mastitis 132
Maxted method 133
McIntosh and Fildes jar 38f
Measles 233
virus 204, 205, 233f
Meat extract broth 33
Mechanical injury 268
Mechanism of
allograft rejection 118
anaphylaxis 107
autoimmune disease 116
caries 200
delayed hypersensitivity 111
disease production by parasites 268
graft rejection 118f
Gram staining 26
immunological tolerance 119
innate immunity 71
precipitation 85
slow virus infection 250
Media for bacterial growth 33
Mediastinal adenitis 161
Mediators of anaphylaxis 109t
Medical microbiology 14
Medullary cords 96
Medusa head appearance of
colony on nutrient agar 166f
Members of enterobacteriaceae 309
Membrane
distuption 91
filter 49
Meningitis 128, 136, 305
Meningococcemia 144
Meningococcus 75, 143f
Meningoencephalitis 233
Mesosomes 20
Messenger RNA 62
Metachromatic granules 151f
Metal instruments 51
Metallic ions 50
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus
aureus 129
Methods of
anaerobic culture 37
culture 36
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 156t
streaking culture plate 36f
transmission of infection 55
vaccination 225
Methyl red test 34, 43
Microagglutination 87
test 87
Microbes responsible for dental
caries 199
Microbiology
in service of human being 314
waste 324
Micrococcaceae 123
Micrococcus tetragenus 130
Microfilaria 285
Microhemagglutination Treponema pallidum 183
Microorganisms of caries tooth 200
Microscopic agglutination test 181
Microsporum audouini 70
Middle era 14
Miliary tuberculosis 159
Milker nodule 223, 225
Mineral salts 29
Minimum
infection dose 56
inhibitory concentration 59
Miscellaneous
bacteria 185
oral infection 204
viruses 244
Mitochondria 15
Mitotic division 15
Mitsuda reaction 164
Mobile genetic element 13
Mode of
action of toxin 150
infection 322
transmission 274
Modification in
morphology 64
physiological and biochemical characters 64
Modified
acid-fast stains 27
Ziehl-Neelsen staining 157f
Moist heat 47
Moisture 30, 31
Molds 255
Molecular
classes of plasmid 63
weight 83
Moller
methods 27
stain 23
Molluscum
bodies 217
contagiosum 217, 225
Monkeypox 223
Monoclonal antibodies 13
Monokines 102
Monotrichate 21
Moraxella catarrhalis 189
Morphological classification of fungi 255
Morphology of
bacteria 15
herpes virus 227f
Schistosoma haematobium 290f
virus 221t
Mosquito bite 279
Mucous membrane 164
Mueller-Hinton agar 58, 59f
Multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhi 320
Multiple antigens 101
Mumps 198, 231, 232
and rubella vaccines 233
virus 216
Muramic acid 15
Murine
leukemia 222
mammary tumor virus 222
Mutation 59
Myalgia 237
Myasthenia gravis 110
Mycetoma 257
Mycobacteria 27, 153
growth indicator tube 160
Mycobacterial antibodies 164
Mycobacterium
avium 162, 240
bovis 153, 160
habana 161
intracellulare 162
kansasii 162
leprae 162, 165
murium 165
tuberculosis 11, 31, 32, 37, 75, 111, 153, 153f, 154, 158160, 207, 240, 298, 300, 301, 304, 305, 324
multi-drug resistant 320
Mycolic acid 43
Mycoplasma 16, 147, 185
pneumoniae 185
Mycoplasmataceae 185
Myocardial depressions 109
Myxoma 223
N
Nagler's reaction 89, 174, 174f
Nasopharyngeal
carcinoma 205
swab 144
Natural
active immunity 73
killer cells 98
passive immunity 73
Nature of oral microflora 195
Necator americanus 284, 285t
Negri bodies 217, 235, 235f
Neisseria 143
gonorrhoeae 30, 31, 144, 299, 304
meningitidis 143, 295, 300, 309, 330
Neomycin 58
Nephritis 91
Nephrotic syndrome 268
Neutral red 155
Neutralization test 88
Neutralize
toxin 72, 82
New
advances in antibacterial drugs 58
classification of T-cells 94
Newer
enteroviruses 231
vaccines 76
Niacin
production 153
test 155
Nicotinic acid 30
Nissl body 230
Nitrate
agar 304f
reduction 43, 153, 155
Nobel prize
in medicine 65, 66, 215, 242
winners in microbiology 13, 13t
Nocardia 27, 188
asteroides 54, 240, 257
brasiliensis 257
Streptomyces 188
Nondisposable
catheter 51
syringes 51
Nongonococcal urethritis 147
Noninfectious waste 324
Nonlactose fermenter colonies 35f,
Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase
inhibitor 243
Nonpathogenic
amebae 272
Treponema 184
Nonspecific
hyaluronidase inhibitors 71
protein therapy 73
Normal
bacterial
flora of nose and nasopharynx 198
skin flora 331
flora 295
of respiratory tract 197
oral microbial flora 197
Nosocomial infections 54, 321
Nuclear membrane 15
Nucleic acid 245
Nucleoprotein 133, 140
antigen 223
Nucleus 15
Null cells 98
Number of capsomers 219
Nutrient
agar 34, 35, 123, 130
colony 129
medium 171
broth 34, 166
Nutritional
exhaustion 31
requirements of bacteria 29
status 101
O
Obligatory
aerobic 24
anaerobic 24
Ogawa medium 157
Oil immersion microscopy 25
O-nitrophenyl-beta- galactopyranoside test 44
Operation theater 51
Opsonization 89, 93
resulting in phagocytosis 82
Optical methods 25
Oral
gonorrhea 206
hairy leukoplatia 205
polio vaccine 76
tuberculosis 207
Organs producing antibody 94
Orthomyxoviruses 221, 231
Osmotic pressure 31
Osteomyelitis 136, 203
Otitis media 161
Oval central 24
Oxidase reactions 44
Oxidative damage 47
P
Palatal petechiae 205
Pandemic of swine flu 319
Papain digestion 80
Papillomavirus infection 206
Papovavirus 221
Para-amino
benzoic acid 57
salicylic acid 57
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis 261
Paracoccidioidomycosis 261
Parainfluenza viruses 233
Paramyxovirus 219, 221
Parasites 54
Parasitic hypersensitivity 111
Partial antigen 78
Particle agglutination test 242
Parvovirus 221
Passive
agglutination test 87
cutaneous anaphylaxis 107
immunity 73, 151
immunization 172
Pasteur's development of vaccine for hydrophobia 11
Pasteurization of milk 47
Pathogenesis of plasmodium 276
Pathogenicity 55
Patients requiring isolation 321
Paul-Bunnell
reaction in infectious mononu cleosis 79
test 312
Penicillin 13
binding protein 129
sensitivity 136f
Pepsin digestion 81
Peptone 33
water 34, 35
Peptostreptococcus 197
putridus 138
Percentage of total igg in normal serum 83
Periodic acid Schiff stain 256
Periodontal
abscess 199
disease 196, 199, 201
Periodontitis 201
Peripheral
lymphoid system 96
neuritis 117
Peritrichate 21
Persistent
diarrhea 281
virus infections 249
Pertussis 75
Petroff's method 157, 308
Peyer's patches 94
Phagocytosis 72
Pharmacological mediators of ana phylaxis 108
Pharyngeal inflammation 205
Pharyngitis 128
Phialophora
jeanselmei 257
verrucosa 256
Phosphatase 126
production 129
Phycomycetes 255
Physiology of normal skin 332
Phytohemagglutinin 99
Picornavirus 219, 222
Pig test 225
Pigmented fungal cells in giant cell 257
Pili 15
Pinocytosis 15
Pinpoint colonies 307f
Plague 14
Planococcus
citreus 123
halophilus 123
Plant microbiology 14
Plaque forming unit 76
Plasma
cells 97
technology 326
Plasmodium
falciparum 75, 270, 276, 278, 279, 280, 320
malariae 268, 276, 278, 280
ovale 276, 278
vivax 276
Pneumococcal
infection 141
meningitis 141
pneumonia 141
Pneumococcus 139, 139f, 303
and Streptococcus viridans 141t
Pneumocystis
carinii 240, 282
jeroveci 262
Pneumonia 128, 136, 231
Polio
killed vaccine 75
live vaccine 75
Poliomyelitis 70, 305
Poliovirus 230
Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis 250
Polyarteritis nodosa 117
Polymerase chain reaction 144, 160, 218, 241
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes 72
Polysaccharide
C antigen 133
granules 20
Polysomes 20
Pork tapeworm 287, 288
Porphyromonas gingivalis 199
Postabortal and puerperal tetanus 172
Postdiphtheritic paralysis 150
Postvaccinal encephalitis 225
Potassium hydroxide preparation 256
Poxvirus 219, 223
Prausnitz Kustner reaction 108
Precipitation test 259, 261
Precystic stage 269
Presence of protein A 129
Prevention of
dental caries 200
nosocomial infections 322
Preventive measure in biosafety 243
Primary
cell cultures 216
immune response antigenic stimulus 100f
infection 54, 206
reaction 225
route 245
Production of tetanus antitoxin 75
Progressive multifocal leukoen cephalopathy 250
Prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell 15t
Properdin 71
Properties of
proteins of alternative pathway 92t
viral hepatitis 244t
viruses with comparison to prokaryotes 211t
Prophylaxis 225
Propionibacterium acnes 152, 295
Proportion method 158
Protein denaturation 47
Protoplast fusion 65
Protozoa 269
Pseudomonas 305
aeruginosa 37, 52, 114, 173, 299, 304, 321
pseudomallei 320
Pseudomondales 40
Psittacosis 111
Public health services 46
Pulmonary
abscess 128
anthrax 168
tuberculosis 302, 308
vasoconstriction 109
Pure plate culture 37
Purification of water 49
Purified protein derivative 159
Pyoderma 136
Pyrexia of unknown origin 302
Q
Quanternary ammonium com- pounds 52
Quellung test 141
Quinine 280
R
Rabbitpox 223
Rabies virus 234, 234f
Racial
immunity 70
immunodiffusion 86
Radioimmunoassay 13, 291
Radioimmunoelectrophoresis 86
Radioimmunoprecipitation assay 241
Rantz and Randall's method 133
Rapid plasma reagin test 182
Rat tapeworm 287
Reactivation of herpes simplex infection 204
Recurrent urinary tract infections 60
Red heat 47
Reduction in lymphocyte count 237
Re-emerging microbial diseases 320
Regulation of complement activa- tion 91
Reiter's protein complement fixa- tion test 183
Reovirus 219, 222, 249
Resistance
ratio method 158
transfer factor 63
Respiratory
diseases 136
infection 132, 134
syncytial virus 233
tract diseases 60
Restriction enzyme 13
Reticular dysgenesis 115
Retrovirus 251
Rh system 113
Rhabdovirus 219, 221, 234
Rhesus
embryo cell strain 216
monkey kidney cell culture 216
Rheumatoid arthritis 87
Rhinosporidium seeberi 256
Rhinosporodiasis 256
Rhinoviruses 231
Rhizopoda 269
Ribonucleoprotein 20
Ribosomal RNA 62, 160
Ribosomes 20
Rickettsial diseases 88
Rideal Walker test 52
Ridley and Jopling classification 164t
Rifampicin 158
Ring test 85
Rivers’ postulates 211
RNA
interference 13
viruses 230
Robertson's cooked meat
broth 34
medium 36
Role of microbiology 314
in community 316
Root surface caries 199
Rose-Waaler test 87
Rotavirus 250, 250f, 319
Roundworm 283
Rous sarcoma 222
Route of
administration 101
infection 56, 156
in man 167
Routine culture 34
Rubella
vaccine 76
virus 233
S
Sabouraud's dextrose 261
agar 256, 257, 259, 262
Saddle nose 181
Salmonella 240
paratyphi
A 309
B 309
C 309
typhi 33, 35, 56, 70, 268, 307, 309
Sandwich technique 89
Saprophytes 54
Saprophytic mycobacteria 153
SARS bird flu 10
Scalded skin syndrome 128
Schedule of immunization 76
Schick test 152, 313
Schistosoma
hematobium 268
mansoni 75, 268
Schizogony 276
Schultz-Charlton reaction 136
Schultz-Dale phenomenon 107
Schwartzman phenomenon 125
Scleroderma 117
Scope of
cell mediated immunity 104
microbiology 14
Scrapings from skin lesions 259
Screening of blood donors 247
Secondary
bacterial infection 233
infection 54
Sedimentation of coefficient 83
Segregation of hospital waste 324
Selective
immunoglobulin deficiency 115
medium 167
for Streptococcus
pyogenes 133f
Sell's classification of hypersensiti- vity 107, 107f
Separation of chromosomes 32
Septic check acid-fast bacilli system
Septicemia 136, 309
Sequesters platelets 109
Serological
methods 17
test 136, 168, 181
for brucellosis 312
in invasive amebiasis 272
Serology 218, 256
Serotonin 108
Serratia marcescens 64
Serum
broth 144
sickness 110
Severe
acute respiratory syndrome 236, 236f
malnutrition 279
meningococcal disease 92
Shape of bacteria 16
Sheep brain vaccine 235
Shigella dysenteriae 79
Shortness of breath 237
Simple
hapten 78
iron jacketed 49
media 35
Sinusitis 128
Size of bacteria 15
Sjögren's disease 117
Skin
infection 134
test 136, 313
for delayed hypersensitiv ity 104
Slanetz and Bartley medium Enterococcus faecalis 137f
Slide test 86
Slime layer 16
Slow virus
and Australia antigen 13
diseases 249
Small
pink colonies 307f
plasmids 63
Smallpox 14, 224
immunization 74
Smooth muscle constriction 109
Soil microbiology 14
Solid media 34
Sore throat 237, 303
Sources of
hospital infection 322
infection 14, 203
in man 54
Sparganum
mansoni 287
proliferum 287
Spherophorous necrophorous 190
Spirilla 40
Spirillum minus 40, 189
Spirochetal disease 88
Spirochetes 16, 41, 178
Splanchnic tetanus 172
Spleen 96, 280
Split
genes 13
of glucosamine 109
Spontaneous aggregation 83
Spore
forming bacteria 24
stain 27
Sporothrix schenckii 258f
Sporotrichosis 258
Sporotrichum schenckii 258
Sporozoa 276
SRBC rosette formation 104
Stab culture 37
Stage of pregnancy 234
Stained smear 286
Staining of bacteria 26
Standard test for syphilis 182
Standardization of vaccines 76
Staphylococcal
food poisoning 128
infection 305
mucositis 207
septicemia 128
Staphylococcus 40, 123
aureus 31, 40, 43, 44, 52, 56, 59f, 123, 125129, 188, 197, 198, 207, 295, 299, 300, 302, 303, 306, 307, 307f, 309, 318, 322, 331
and Micrococcus 130
and Staphylococcus sap- rophyticus 129
citreus 123, 130
epidermidis 12, 123, 197, 198, 295, 296, 309
haemolyticus 123
hominis 123
pyogenes 123, 299, 304
aureus 65
saprophyticus 129
simulans 123
strains 128
Steam under pressure 48
Steatorrhea 281
Steps of Coombs’ test 88f
Sterilization
control of hot air oven 47
methods 51t
of antibiotic solution 49
of blood products 49
of hydatid fluid 49
of serum 49
Stimulates suppressor lymphocytes 109
Stimulation hypersensitivity 111
Storage media 36
Store of hand care products 332
Strand
displacement amplification 160
of nucleic acid 219
Strategies of HIV testing in India 243
Streptobacillus moniliformis 25, 189
Streptococcus pneumoniae 139
Streptococcal
diseases 132
extract 79
Streptococci of various groups 132t
Streptococcus 40, 131, 131f, 198
agalactiae 136
equisimilis 136
faecalis 59f, 199, 300, 302, 304, 307f
MG agglutination test 312
milleri 197, 199, 201, 203
mitior 197, 199
mitis 137, 309
mutans 195197, 199, 200, 295
pneumoniae 79, 198
pyogenes 17, 37, 40, 43, 73, 116, 131134, 136, 198, 295, 299, 303, 304, 306, 307, 309
salivarious 137, 195, 197, 199
sanguis 195, 197, 199, 201
viridans 40, 43, 137, 141, 142, 198, 299, 302, 309
Streptomyces
albus 133
somaliensis 257
Streptomycin 13, 58, 158
Structure of
bacterial spore 23f
bacterium 17f
chick embryo 216f
dental plaque 199
DNA 61
hepatitis B 246f
HIV 239f
hydatid cyst 289f
IgG, IgA and IgM 81f
immunoglobulin 13, 80, 81f
influenza virus 231f
lymph node 96f
poxvirus 223f
spleen 96f
virus 212f
Subacute
bacterial endocarditis 302
sclerosing panencephalitis 233, 249
Subcutaneous
mycosis 256
test 151
Submandibular lymphadenopathy pain 206
Subunit vaccines 76
Sugar fermentation 34, 43
Sulfonamides 13, 142
Sun-ray appearance 188f
Superantigen 79
Superficial ulcer 272
Suppressor T-lymphocytes 95
Surgical hand washing 333t
Swine flu 10
Symmetry of
nucleocapsid 219
virus 245
Sympathetic ophthalmia 117
Synthesis of DNA 13
Syphilis 111, 206t
Systematic
classification 255t
mycosis 258t
Systemic lupus erythematosus 92
T
Taenia
saginata 287, 287f, 288, 288t, 289
solium 265, 287, 288, 288t, 289, 289f
Target cell destruction test 104
Techniques of
agglutination test 87
precipitation reaction 85
Teichoic acid 128
Temperature of growth 40
Terminology of antigens 118t
Tertiary syphilis 182, 207
Tetanospasmin 171
Tetanus
prophylaxis in wound 172t
toxoid 76
Tetracoccus 40
Tetracycline 58
Tetrathionate broth 34
Thayer-Martin medium 145
Theories of
antibody production 101
immunity 13
immunology 13
Thermometer 51
Thiamine 30
Threadworm 285
Threat
of rare diseases 14
swab 299, 303f
Thymic hypoplasia 115
Tissue
culture
infectious dose 76
test 151
defenses 71
reaction 268
sections 256
Togavirus 219, 221
Tonsillar pseudomembrane 205
Tonsillitis 128
Total leukocyte count 128, 144, 146, 156
Toxic
accumulation 31
shock syndrome toxin 127
Toxin 127, 140, 144, 149, 176
neutralization 89
production 134
Toxoid 73
antitoxin floccules 151
Toxoplasma 55
gondii 240, 267, 282
Trachoma 111
Transacetylase 64
Transfer RNA 62
Transfusion malaria 279
Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy 115
Transmission
modes 279
of genetic material 64
Transplantation
and blood transfusion 70
plus graft and host reaction 104
Transport media 36
for stool samples 34
Treponema 181
carateum 181, 184
denticola 195
macrodentum 184
pallidum 26, 31, 89, 93, 181, 183, 206, 301, 305
agglutination test 183
hemagglutination 183
immobilization test 183
immune adherence 183
pertenue 181, 184
refrigens 184
taceae 178f
vincentii 181
Trichomonas
hominis 275
tenax 198, 267, 275
vaginalis 147, 270, 274, 275, 275f
Tri-phenyl tetrazolium chloride test 304
Trophozoite 269, 273
induced malaria 279t
Trypanosoma
brucei 270
cruzi 75, 270, 282
Tube test 86
Tubercle
bacilli 27
Bacillus 73
Tuberculin 159
test 313
Tuberculoid 161
leprosy 164t
Tuberculosis 14, 111, 207
Tumor
antigens 119
necrosis factors 72, 103
producing 223
Turkeypox 223
Tyndallization 48
Types of
autoclave 49
bacilli 16f
bacterial spores 24f
gel diffusions precipitations 86f
inoculation loops 36f
liquid media 33
nucleic acid 219
Typhoid 14
vaccine 76
Typhus 302
fever 13, 88, 302
Typical tubercle bacilli 161
U
Ureaplasma 185
urealyticum 185, 187
Mycoplasma hominis 147
Urease test 43
Urinary tract 300
infection 129, 302, 303, 321
Urine 259
Urogenital tract 296
Uses of
alcohol hand rub 332
of disinfectant 51
filter 49
hand lotions 332
non-treponemal tests 183
precipitation reaction 85
sterile disposable syringes or needles 247
tuberculin test 159
V
Vaccination 74, 225
Vaccines 75, 319
against typhoid fever 75
bath 48, 48f
Vaccinia 223
gangrenosa 225
infected cells 217
virus 111
Vacuoles 21
Varicella 226, 227
strain 227
zoster virus 204
infection 204
Variola 223
major 224
viruses 224
VDRL test 182
Veillonellae 147
Venereal diseases research laboratory 182
Vibrio 16, 40
cholerae 21, 31, 40, 54, 56, 65,
parahaemolyticus 305
Vincent's angina 179f, 303
Viral
diseases 88
hepatitis 14
hypersensitivity 111
infection of oral mucosa 204
multiplication 213, 213f
Virulence 55
factors of bacteroides 190t
test 151
Viruses of
birds 223
mammals 223
Voges-Pauskaur test 34
Volutin granules 20
W
Wash smear 26
Wassermann
reaction 88, 182
test 301
Waxy colonies of Candida albicans 259f
Weil's disease 179, 180
Weil-Felix
reaction in typhus fever 79
test 312
West Nile virus 216
Western blot
assay 241
technique 116, 241f
test 242
number 116f
Whipworm 306
Widal's test 14, 301, 302, 311
Wiener's system 113
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome 115
Wool Sorter's disease 168
Wound infection 306
Wuchereria bancrofti 285
Y
Yeast 255
extract 33
like fungi 255
Yellow fever 14, 75, 244
live vaccine 75
vaccine 13
Yersinia pestis 20, 320
Z
Zidovudine 238, 242
Ziehl-Neelsen
method 23, 158, 165
stain 27, 43, 305, 308
technique 157
Ziemann's dots 277
Zones of inhibition 58
Zoonosis 317
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