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Principles of Assessment in Medical Education
Tejinder Singh, Anshu
1:
Basics of Assessment
2:
What to Assess?
3:
Formative Assessment: Assessment for Learning
4:
Objectivity and Reliability Revisited
5:
Internal Assessment Revisited*
6:
Assessing Professional Competence
METHODS OF PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT
Observation
Peer assessment
Patient ratings
Self-assessment
360° assessment
Portfolios
Video-based assessment
Critical incident technique
Patient outcomes and process of care
METHODS OF COMPETENCE ASSESSMENT
Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE)
Simulated patients/standardized patients
Simulations
Mini-CEX
Chart simulated recall (CSR)/case note review
Conclusion
7:
Assessment of Knowledge: Written Assessment
8:
Selection Type Questions
SELECTION TYPE QUESTIONS
Multiple choice questions (MCQs)
Multiple response questions
Ranking questions
Example:
Assertion-reason questions
Matching questions
Example 1:
Example 2:
Extended matching questions (EMQs)
Example:
Key feature questions
Example:
What's new in the arena?
9:
Multiple Choice Questions
AVOID
Nuances of AOTA and NOTA
Construction of items based on Bloom's taxonomy
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis and synthesis
Evaluation
Introducing MCQ formats in written assessment
How do you prepare your students to take an MCQ test?
Scoring, guessing and negative marking
Scoring: The hardware and software
The optical mark reading scanner and data analysis software
Approaches to scoring
Approaches to reduce guessing
Why is negative marking a contentious issue?
Purely mathematical reasons
A necessary skill neglected
More a personality issue
Who is the best?
Extension of theoretical range
MCQs for integration
The philosophy and spirit of integration
Standard setting
The role of feedback
Bottom-line
10:
Multiple Choice Questions: Optimal Number of Options*
METHODS
RESULTS
Reliability
Validity
Item discrimination
Item difficulty
Test efficiency
Guessing
Useful options
DISCUSSION
11:
Item Analysis and Question Banking
SIDE A
SIDE B
Uses of question banking
12:
Objective Structured Clinical Examination in Resource Poor Settings*
OSCE SETUP: THE TRADITIONAL DESIGN
Preparing for OSCE
The venue: Preparing the station map
Equipment and supplies
Recruitment of examiners
Patient selection
Recruitment of simulated patients (SP)
Blueprinting: Preparing the stations
Conducting the OSCE
Feedback
Setting standards
Norm-referencing
Criterion-referencing
Checklists vs global rating
THE CONCERNS
Indian Experiences with OSCE
Conclusion
13:
Improving the Long Case
14:
The Mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise (Mini-CEX)
15:
The Oral Examination
16:
Portfolios in Learning and Assessment
17:
Assessment of Professionalism and Ethics
18:
Assessment in Community-Based Education
19:
Blueprinting in Assessment
20:
Standard Setting
21:
Student Feedback
22:
Faculty Development for Better Assessment
23:
Web Resources for Assessment in Medical Education
Further Reading
INDEX
TOC
Index
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