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Practical Aids to Dispensing: Pharmacy and Experimental Pharmacology
C Venugopalaswamy, K Ambabai
CHAPTER 1:
Pharmaceutical Preparations (Dosage Forms)
ORAL DOSAGE FORMS
Liquid Dosage Forms (Oral)
Solid Dosage Forms (Oral)
EXTERNAL DOSAGE FORMS
Liquid
Solids (External)
PARENTERAL DOSAGE FORMS
Methods of Administration
Dosage Forms
CHAPTER 2:
Dispensing of Dosage Forms
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
MIXTURES
Advantages of Giving Drugs in Mixtures
Disadvantages of Giving Drugs in Mixtures
Classification of Mixtures
Methods of Dispensing Mixtures
Compound Preparations
Liquids
Solids
DROPS
Eyedrops
Nasal Drops
Ear Drops
PAINTS
POWDERS
Dispensing of Powders
LINIMENTS
LOTIONS
EMULSIONS
Purpose of Emulsification
Types of Emulsions
Mechanism of Emulsification
Emulsifying Agents (Emulgents)
Method for Simple Emulsion
OINTMENTS
Ointment Base
Preparation of an Ointment
Ophthalmic Ointments
Applications
CHAPTER 3:
List of Pharmacy Practicals
INTRODUCTION OF ORAL ADMINISTRATION
CLASSIFICATION OF MIXTURES
MISTURA ALBA (EPSOM SALT) (MAGNESIUM SULPHATE MIXTURE)
LIGHT MAGNESIUM CARBONATE
PULVIS TRIPLE CARBONATE
Pulvis ORS
Directions for Use
Oral Rehydration
Principles
Other Uses of ORS
PULV APC—COMPOUND POWDERS
Dispensing of Powders
Aspirin
Phenacetin
Caffeine
PULV EFFERVESCENCE CO.
Ingredients
Administration
Osmotic Laxatives
Adverse Effects
Tartrates
Classification of Laxatives
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE SOLUTION
Percentage Solutions
Preparation of Pot. Permanganate Sol.
Ingredients
The Solution
Uses
SULPHUR OINTMENT (UNGUENTUM SULPHURIS)
Sulphur Ointment
Procedure
Label
Sulphur
Industrial Uses
Other Agents Useful for Scabies
Unguentum Whitfield
Type: Fusion Method
EMULSIO OLEUM RICINI (CASTOR OIL EMULSION)
Senna Family
SODIUM SALICYLATE MIXTURE
Ingredients
The Mixture
Rheumatism
Advantages in Using Mixtures
ALKALINE MIXTURE
Ingredients
Dose
Uses
ALKALINE DIURETIC MIXTURE
GLUCOSE–SALINE
Ingredients
LUGOL'S IODINE
Ingredients
Dose
Uses of Iodine
OINTMENTS (UNQUENTUM)
Skin Structure
Stratum Lucidum (Barrier Zone)
Ointment Base (Vehicles)
Carbowax
Ophthalmic Ointments
DIFFERENCES
Emplastrum (Plaster)
Adhesive Plasters consist of Vinyl Resin, Plasticizer and other Chemical Additives
Emplastrum (Plaster)
Emplastrum Belladonna
Procedure
Emplastrum Sinapis (Mustard Plaster)
Procedure
External Dosage Forms
Plasters (Emplastra)
Mustard
Actions
LOTIONS AND LOTIO CALAMINA
Classifications
Calamine Lotion (IP)
NB
Procedure
Notes
Liniment of Turpentine
Ingredients
Examples of Liniments
Other Uses of Oil of Turpentine
MANDLE'S PIGMENT
Ingredients
Disadvantages of Iodine
Treatment
Iodism (Poisoning by Iodine)
ZINC OXIDE PASTE
Ingredients
TANNIC ACID GLYCERIN PAINT
Ingredients
NB
Sodium Citrate is Alkaline
Uses
ASTRINGENT MOUTHWASH
Ingredients
NB
Uses: Used in Stomatitis
Mouthwashes
Antiseptic
Ingredients
Use
DISCLOSING SOLUTION
Ingredients
NB
Uses
Matrix
TOOTH POWDER
Use
Dentifrices
Surface Active Agents
Anticaries Agents
Dental Scale
Tartar
Dental Plaque
Surfactant
TOOTHPASTE
Ingredients
ENEMA (ENEMATA)
Saline Purgatives
Magnesia Magma (Milk of Magnesia)
Uses
Dose
Light Magnesia (MgO)
Dose
Magnesium Sulphate (MgSO4) or (Epsom Salt)
Mode of Action
Industrial Use
Parenteral MgSO4
SUPPOSITORIES
Official Suppositories
Uses
CHAPTER 4:
Prescription Writing
DEFINITION: PRESCRIPTION
Name of the Patient
Superscription
Inscription
Subscription
Signa
Physician's Signature and Date
PHARMACEUTICAL LATIN
CHAPTER 5:
Pharmaceutical Processes
SIZE-REDUCTION
SEPARATION
HEATING OPERATIONS
EXTRACTION PROCESSES
CHAPTER 6:
Pharmaceutical Calculations
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
CALCULATIONS IN THE PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS
Actual Concentration or Dilution
Normal Solution
Milliequivalents Per Liter
Molar Solution
Saturated Solution
Isotonic Solution
CALCULATION OF DOSES FOR CHILDREN
CHAPTER 7:
Forensic Pharmacy
SCHEDULE C
SCHEDULE C1
Schedule E
SCHEDULE G
SCHEDULE H
SCHEDULE L
SCHEDULE P
CHAPTER 8:
Experimental Pharmacology
DRUGS ACTING ON THE EYE (RABBIT)
Mechanism of Miosis and Mydriasis (Fig. 8.1)
Iris
Lens
Glaucoma
Mydriasis
Miosis
By Sympathetic Blockers
Glaucoma
Mydriatics and Cycloplegics
Topical Anesthetics
Preservatives in Ocular Preparations
DRUGS ACTING PRIMARILY ON CNS
Seat of Action of Strychnine (Fig. 8.3)
CNS STIMULANTS
Strychnine
Strychnine on Spinal Cord
Site of Action and Mechanism
ACTION OF ACETYLCHOLINE, PHYSOSTIGMINE AND D-TUBOCURARINE ON FROG RECTUS MUSCLE
Neuromuscular Junction (Figs 8.4A and B)
Competitive Antagonists
CHOLINERGIC DRUGS
Cholinergic Receptors
Classification of Cholinergic Drugs
Cholinesterase Reactivators
Cholinergic Blocking Agents
Competitive Blockers
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Enteric System
Note
CHAPTER 9:
Doses of Commonly Used Drugs
APPENDICES:
APPENDIX-I: METROLOGY
WEIGHTS
VOLUME (Fluid Capacity)
USEFUL EQUIVALENTS
TIPS FOR DILUTIONS
APPENDIX-II: LATIN WORDS AND ABBREVIATIONS
LATIN WORDS AND ABBREVIATIONS
NAMES OF SOME COMMON DRUGS IN WHICH ENGLISH AND LATIN NAMES ARE NOT SIMILAR
INDEX
TOC
Index
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