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Health Care Management Advisor
GD Mogli
CHAPTER 1:
Commissioning of a New Hospital
INTRODUCTION
PRELIMINARY SURVEY
What Makes Patients to Choose a Particular Hospital?
The Hospital Modeling and Construction Consultant's Functions
Functions and Responsibilities of the Architect
Site Evaluation (Figs 1.2A and B)
HOSPITAL PLANNING
Choosing a Site
The Master Plan
Planning for Growth and Change
Weather Considerations
Colors and Lighting
Visual Impact of the Hospital
Licensing and Approvals of Plans
Hospital Engineering
Hospital Hygiene
List of Important Departments in a General Hospital
RECRUITING AND TRAINING
Nursing Aspects of Patient Service Areas
Administrative Staff
Other Administrative Staff
Director and Deputy Director
Finance Officer
Professional and Technical Staff
Medicosocial Workers
Physiotherapists and Occupational Therapists
Pharmacists
Radiographers
Laboratory Technicians
Dietitian
Catering Officer/Manager
Medical Records Officer
Other Staff
PLANNING INDIVIDUAL SERVICES AND DEPARTMENTS
General Practitioners
Health Clinic
Public Health Services
Outpatient Services and Facilities
Inpatient Services and Facilities
The Special Medical Services
Accident and Emergency
Pediatric Services
Maternity Services
Antenatal Clinic
Maternity Wards
Units for Premature Infants
Training and Organization of Staff
Services Relevant to Infectious Diseases
Geriatric Service
Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy
Dental Department
The Technical Medical Services
Surgical Department
The American Operating Suite
The European Operating Suite
The Recovery Ward
Intensive Care Unit
Department of Radio Diagnosis
Department of Radiotherapy
Laboratory Services
The Plan
Personnel
Equipment
Nonmedical Services and Facilities
Storage in the Hospital
Catering Service
Security Service
Facilities for Administration
Medical Records Department
Housekeeping and Maintenance Services
Laundry
Incinerator
Workshops
Mortuary
Staff Housing and Training Facilities
Staff Housing
Training Facilities
Computerization
Visit to other Hospitals and other Facilities
Final Stage Preparations
Final Committee Meeting
Policies and Procedures
Commissioning and Inauguration
SUGGESTED FORMATS
CHAPTER 2:
Organization of a Hospital
THE GOVERNING AUTHORITY
HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT STAFF
Executive Management Staff
Health Information Management Staff (HIMS)
HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT (HRD)
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT (ITD)
EDUCATIONAL AND TRAINING SERVICES
HOSPITAL LIBRARY
SAFETY PROGRAM
AUDIO-VISUAL SERVICES
SCOPE OF SERVICES
Ambulatory (Outpatient) Care Services
Emergency Department
Department of Medicine
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Department of Pathology and Medical Laboratory
Department of Pediatric Services
Department of Preventive Medicine
Department of Radiology and Radiation Therapy
Cardiac Diagnostic Services
Intensive Care Units
Department of Surgery
Department of Nursing
Medical Record Services
Patient Admission and Registration Service
Department of Pharmacy
Rehabilitation Services
Neurodiagnostic Services
Respiratory Care Services
Department of Medical Social Services
Biomedical Engineering Services
Central Sterile Supply Department
Dietary and Food Services
Fire Protection Service
Housekeeping and Custodial Services
Accommodation
Laundry Services
Materials Management
Security Services
Ambulance and Transportation Services
Engineering and Maintenance Services
Boiler and Gas Plant System
Communication Services
Emergency Power Supply and Distribution System
Water Treatment Plant
Sewage Treatment Plant
Plumbing and Waste Water Drainage System
Hospitals Technical Reference Library
Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning Systems (HVAC)
Medical Surgical Vacuum System
Grounds Maintenance
Transport Workshop
Refuse and Waste Disposal Services
Operation and Maintenance Quality Control Program
Infection Control Program
Infection Control Committee
Internal Financial Controls
Property/Inventory Cost Control
Purchasing Controls
PATIENT CARE EVALUATION
Survey Forms
Hospital Quality Improvement (QI) Program
Analysis of Survey Questionnaires and QI Reports
Report of Evaluations
Corrective Action Follow-up
Summary of the Evaluation Process
CHAPTER 3:
Organization of Medical Staff
MEDICAL STAFF RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY
MEDICAL STAFF BYLAWS, RULES AND REGULATIONS
MEDICAL STAFF STRUCTURE
CLINICAL PRIVILEGES DELINEATION
REAPPOINTMENT AND REAPPRAISAL
Specified Professional Personnel
CONTINUING EDUCATION
MEDICAL STAFF COMMITTEE PARTICIPATION
Quality Assurance
CHAPTER 4:
Organization of Nursing Staff
ORGANIZATION
ADMINISTRATION
STAFFING
NURSING PROCESS
EDUCATION/TRAINING
NURSING PRACTICE
QUALITY ASSURANCE
CHAPTER 5:
Hierarchical Structure in a Hospital
HOSPITAL COMMITTEES
Introduction
Overlapping Authority
Hospital Organization
THE ORGANIZATION CHART (FLOW CHART 5.1)
Hospital Council
POLICY OBJECTIVES AND PROCEDURES OF THE HOSPITALS
Policy
Objectives
Procedure
COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION (FLOW CHARTS 5.2 TO 5.4)
A. Types of Committees
B. Composition of Committee
Quality Assurance Committee
Medical Staff Committee
Drug Control Committee
Infection Control Committee
C. Selection of Committee Members
D. Time Schedule
E. Frequency of Meetings
F. Agenda
G. Minutes
H. Terms of Reference
Quality Assurance Committee
Medical Staff Committee
Drug Control Committee
Infection Control Committee
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 6:
Medical Record Forms Design, Estimation and Cost
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
FORMS
THE NEED FOR STANDARDIZATION OF MEDICAL RECORD FORMS
AVAILABILITY OF FORMS
DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL RECORD FORMS
Design
Size
Paper
Print
Color Coding
Terminology
Standardized Arrangement of Data
Form Number
PRODUCTION
MULTIPART FORMS AND DUPLICATION SYSTEM
ESTIMATION AND COST
DISCUSSION
Standard Formula for Estimation and Cost
Methodology
Past Experience and Study Results
Supporting Information
DEVELOPMENT OF BASIC FORMS
ESTIMATION OF PATIENTS ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT HOSPITAL BED SIZE FOR CALCULATION OF FORMS REQUIREMENT AND COST
Cost of Forms
Control of Forms
SUMMARY AND A FEW TIPS
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 7:
Hospital Information System (HIS)
INTRODUCTION
THE GENESIS OF HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
TYPES OF HIS
Centralized vs Decentralized
Business Oriented vs Patient Oriented
Terminal vs Workstation Oriented
Where the Computer Terminals are Required?
THE NEED FOR SECURITY ADMINISTRATION
Data
LINKAGE OF THE COMPUTERS IN THE HOSPITAL
APPOINTMENT SYSTEM (TABLE 7.1)
Specifications for an Appointment Information System
Patient Appointment and Schedule
Time
Scope
Choosing the Ideal Appointment Schedule
Points of Consideration
NURSING INFORMATION SYSTEM
Bedside Terminals
Hospital Financing
COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL RECORD (TABLE 7.2)
The Input Process
The Storage Process
Electronic Health Record
The Strategic EHR Planning
Formulation
Implementation
Gartner Generation
Collector Generation
Documenter Generation
Helper Generation
Partner Generation
Mentor Generation
The Electronic Health Record Pathway
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTERIZED PATIENT'S CLINICAL RECORD
Better Medical Care
Cost Saving
Physician Acceptance
Office Clinical Efficiency
User Friendly
TELEMEDICINE
MACHINE READABLE IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS IN HOSPITAL
Capabilities
An Early Model
Barcodes in MRIS
Uses in other Departments
A Bedside MRIS and Patient Care System
The System at Work: A Scenario
Applications Beyond the Lab
Administrative Functions
A Strategic Tool for Healthcare
The Future
CHAPTER 8:
Statistics and Bed Allocation
STATISTICAL FORMULAS
Average Daily Census
Bed Occupancy Rate
Average Length of Stay
Percentage of Discharges in a Specialty
Hospital Death Rate (Gross Death Rate)
Hospital Net Death Rate (Institutional Death Rate)
Neonatal Death Rate (Infant Mortality Rate)
Fetal Death Rate (Still Birth Rate)
Cesarean Section Rate
Infection Rate
Anesthesia Death Rate
Gross Autopsy Rate
Net Autopsy Rate
Hospital Autopsy Rate (Adjusted)
Maternal Death Rate (Maternal Mortality Rate)
Direct Maternal Death Rate
Postoperative Death Rate
Perinatal Mortality Rate
Consultation Rate
Bed Turn over Interval
Bed Turn Over
Daily Average Outpatient Attendance
Average Outpatient Attendance per Patient
Bed Complement
Maximum Bed Capacity
Constituents of Bed Complement:
Permanent Changes Affecting Bed Complement
STATISTICAL TABLES
CHAPTER 9:
Standard Operating Procedures
INTRODUCTION
OUTPATIENT SERVICES
Introduction
Important Specialty Clinics and their Specialties
Therapy Clinics
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Records
Role of Computerization
Quality of Service
INPATIENT SERVICES
Introduction
Objectives
Policies
Ward Procedures
Admission Procedures
Rules
Inpatient Care
Discharge
Permission to Leave the Ward Temporarily
Absconding
Ward Level Nursing Service Administration
Working Hours
Organization: (Nursing unit/ward)
Distribution or Deployment of Nurses in Wards
Ward Rounds by Physicians
Bed Area Classifications
Arrangement of Beds
Bed Strength
Wards and Departments—Arrangement
Inpatient Services
General
The Nurses' Station
Other Facilities Required
Day Care Admissions
Pediatric Ward
Obstetrical Ward
Psychiatry Ward
The Psychiatry Ward Design
Facilities
Isolation Rooms
Intensive Care Units (ICU & CCU)
The Functions of ICU are as follows:
Location of ICU
Design (ICU)
Newborn Nurseries
Design (Nursery)
Categories of Inpatient Accommodation Facilities
General Ward
Semiprivate Ward
Private Ward
Executive Suite
Inpatient Services Documentations
Interdepartmental Relationships (Table 9.2)
Major Problem
Other Common Problems
Role of Computerization
SURGICAL DEPARTMENT
Introduction
Objective
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Location
Design
Environment
Records to be Maintained
Controlling Quality of Service
NURSING SERVICES
Introduction
Nursing Diagnosis
Nursing Audit
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Patient Care
Ward Management (Flow Chart 9.2)
Operation Theater Management
Labor Room Management
Psychiatry Unit Management
Postoperative/ICU Unit Management
Educational
Functions
Independent Functions
Dependent Function
Professional Nursing Practice
Documentation of Records
A list of Medical Record Forms used by Nurses
Approaches to Staff Development Programs
Quality of Nursing Care
Role of Computerization
CLINICAL LABORATORY SERVICES
Introduction
Characteristics of Clinical Laboratories
Objectives
Policies
Functions
Histopathology
Biochemistry
Hematology
Microbiology
Serology
Virology
Cytology
Procedures
Environment
Records
Organization (Flow Chart 9.3)
Rules
Rules Include
Standards
Duty Hours
Staffing
Information System
Workflow: Manual Versus Automated System (Table 9.3)
Blood Bank
Non-eligible Blood Donors
Controlling
Coordinating
Quality Control
Autopsy Room and Mortuary
Safety
Possible Problems and Suggested Solutions
Specimen without Request
Specimen without Identification Data
Lack of Clinical Data
Patients Handling Urine and Feces Specimen
Improper Specimen Collection
Punctuality in Collecting Specimen
Damage and Transit loss of Specimen
Transporting Specimen to Higher Centers at Long Distances
Conclusion
RADIOLOGY AND IMAGING SERVICES
Introduction
Different Procedures of Radiology
Angiography
Radiation Therapy
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Records
REHABILITATION
Introduction
Objectives
Physiotherapy
Occupational Therapy
Recreational Therapy
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Standards
PHARMACY SERVICES
Introduction
Types of Pharmacy
Dispensing Pharmacy
Manufacturing Pharmacy
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Hospital Formulary
Functions of the Pharmacy
Outpatient Pharmacy
Inpatient Pharmacy
Working Hours and Staffing
Emergency Department Pharmacy
Drug Administration
Unit Dose Dispensing System
IV Additive System
Quality
Prescriptions
Online Prescribing System
Shortages and Short Supplies of Drugs
Shortages
Managing Short Supplies
Interdepartmental Relationship (Table 9.4)
Records
Computerization
PARAMEDICAL
Objectives
Organization
Location
Organization Chart by Staff
Physical facilities and requirements
Policies
Services and Staff
Physical Therapy or Physiotherapy
Purposes of the Physiotherapy
Occupational Therapy
Speech Therapy
Prosthesis and Orthosis Service
Audiologist or Audiogram Technician - Audiometric Tests (Audiologist)
Psychology
Nurse
Social Worker
Acupuncture
Others
Secretary
Procedures
Records
MEDICAL SERVICES
Introduction
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Records
Organization (Flow Chart 9.5)
Quality of Care
DIETARY DEPARTMENT AND CATERING SERVICES UNIT
Objectives
Policies
Organization
Procedures
Dietetic Unit
Catering Services Unit
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Rules (Catering Unit)
Diet Menu Requests
Policy on Hygiene
Cafeteria Services
Menu Planning
Performance Analysis
CENTRAL STERILE SUPPLY DEPARTMENT
Introduction
Advantages of CSSD
Objectives
To sterilize and supply
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Environment
Organization of CSSD Departments in the Hospitals (Flow Chart 9.7)
Personnel Requirement
Supplies
Surgical Suite
Delivery Suite
Nursery
Outpatient Department
Radiology
Sterilization Process
Reassembling and Packing Area
Storage and Supply of Sterilized Items
Periodical Monitoring, Reporting and Actions
Safety Packing and Transport Instructions to the Hospital Department
Infection Control
The Infection Control Committee
Common Problems
Records
MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
Introduction
Definition
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Purchasing
Stores
Records
Purchase
Stores
Organization (Flow Chart 9.8)
Requirement of Equipment
Principles of Central Purchase Management
Determination of Life-cycle Cost
Product Management
Evaluating the Material Manager's Performance Standards
Advantages of Centralized Purchasing
Group Purchasing
Advantages of Group Purchasing
Purchase Process
Receiving Process
Inventory Management
Inventory Control
Objectives
Primary Functions of Inventory
Reserve Stock
Lead Time Analysis
Safety Stock or Buffer Stock
Storage System
Stores Management
Physical Verification or Stock Verification
Annual Physical Verification:
Manual System
Kardex or Cardex System
Kardex or Cardex Card
Advantages of Cardex or Kardex System
Computerized Stores Management
Records
Material Handling
Disposal of Obsolete and Surplus Materials
Causes of Surplus
How Surplus can be Controlled?
Scrap
Disposal of Obsolete and Surplus Material
Centralization of Purchasing
Methods of Controlling Thefts and Manipulations
Purchase Checklist
Supply, Process and Distribution Checklist
Fire Safety Planning
LAUNDRY SERVICE
Introduction
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Standards
Organization (Flow Chart 9.9)
Records
Quality of Service
Infection Control
HOSPITAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Introduction
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Records
Organization
Physical Facilities
Reception Counter
Issuing Area
Engineering Department Stores
Storage Area for Condemned Items
Maintenance of Engineering Stores
Centralized Medical Gas System
Compliance with Standards
Preventive Maintenance
Cost Effectiveness
Environmental Safety
Incinerator Plant
Fire Safety
Quality of Service
General Requirements
Audits
Technology Evaluation and Acquisition
Coordinating
Interdepartmental Relationship
Role of Computerization
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Introduction
Plan of Action
Disaster Preparedness
Disaster Preparedness Committee
Crisis Management Team
External Liaison
Training and Practice Drills
Central Command Center
When a Disaster is Informed
HOUSEKEEPING DEPARTMENT
Introduction
Objectives
Policies
Procedures
Rules
Personnel
Organizational Chart by Staff
Records
Interdepartmental Relationship
Quality of Service
Communicating
Infectious and Hazardous Waste Removal
Linen Control and Distribution
Role of Computerization
Summarized Table (Table 9.8)
CHAPTER 10:
Patient Safety
DEFINITION OF PATIENT SAFETY
WHERE THE SAFETY OF PATIENT IS AFFECTED?
WHY THE PATIENT SAFETY IS AFFECTED?
HOSPITAL NOSOCOMIAL OR ACQUIRED INFECTION CONTROL
What is Nosocomial or Hospital Acquired Infection?
Endogenous Infection
Exogenous Infection
General and Mandatory Preventive Measures
Hand Wash Technique
Use of Proper Sterilized Items
Proper Aseptic Technique Treating Area
Proper Segregation, Packing of Reusable Soiled Item for Sterilization and Disposal of Contaminated Waste
Isolation Area for Highly Infected Patient in Wards, Critical Care or Intensive Care Unit or Burns Unit
Effective Antibiotic Policy
Periodical Health Check-up, Immunization of Healthcare Personnel
Periodical Monitoring, Reporting and Actions
Proper Cleaning and Washing all the Hospital Departments with Regular Interval
Hygiene Dietary Service
Effective Laundry Service
Restriction of Visitors
Restriction of External Food Supply
The Infection Control Committee Program Include
Functions of the Infection Control Committee
Monitoring and Control of Cross Infection
RAISING RATE OF LITIGATION AND FINANCE
STUDIES ON PATIENT SAFETY
TOOLS DESIGN TO PREVENT ERRORS AND ADVERSE EVENTS
How IT can Help in Preventing Adverse Effect
PATIENT SAFETY SOLUTIONS
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 11:
Cost Analysis of Medical Record Department
INTRODUCTION
Why Cost Analysis
METHODOLOGY
SUMMARY
Cost on Hospital
Outpatient
Cost Analysis on Medical Records (Table 11.7)
HOSPITAL EXPENDITURE (TABLE 11.9)
Expenditure in Medical Record Department
CHAPTER 12:
How to Economize Health Service Expenditure
INTRODUCTION
The Need
Purpose
Health Institutions
HEALTH SERVICE EXPENDITURE
Cost Unit Analysis
Publication of Monthly Report
Medical Audit
DISCUSSION
Source of Inefficiency
Increase Efficiency
A CASE STUDY ON KUWAIT HEALTH SERVICES AND COST
Introduction
Health
Aims
Organization of the Ministry of Public Health
Health Facilities
Cost Analysis
Cost Comparison and Discussion (Table 12.1)
Discussion
Medical Records
Conclusion
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 13:
Tips to the Administrator
INTRODUCTION
HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION
WHAT IS A HOSPITAL?
PROBLEMS OF PUBLIC IN GETTING HOSPITAL SERVICES
ORGANIZATIONAL NEEDS OF A HOSPITAL
ORGANIZATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
ORGANIZATIONAL NEEDS OF THE DEPARTMENTS
MAJOR DEPARTMENTS OF THE HOSPITAL SERVICES
OUTPATIENT SERVICE
USE OF WAITING TIME FOR PATIENTS
INVESTIGATIONS
PRESCRIPTION OF MEDICINE
REFERRAL TO PUBLIC HEALTH OR OTHER HOSPITAL
ADMISSION OF PATIENT INTO HOSPITAL
CASUALTY SERVICE
ADMISSION OFFICE
CLOAK ROOM
DISCHARGE OF PATIENT
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT AVAILABLE HEALTH SERVICES
RIGHTS AND RESONSIBILITIES OF A PATIENT
Rights of a Patient
Responsibilities of a Patient
LIBRARY
Mobile Book Trolley
PUBLIC RELATION DEPARTMENT
Public Relation is a Liaison Department
Problems of Patients
MEDICAL SOCIAL SERVICE DEPARTMENT
COMMUNICATION FACILITIES TO PATIENTS
STAFF VISITING THE PATIENT
RECREATION TO PATIENT
DEATH IN THE HOSPITAL
FOLLOW-UP CARE TO OLD PATIENTS
DISTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS OF THE HOSPITAL FOR EASY LOCATION
HOW TO REDUCE PATIENT WAITING TIME
SHOPPING CENTER
HEALTH EDUCATION
HEALTH EXHIBITION
SOCIAL SERVICE INSTITUTIONS
STAFF AS SOCIALWORKERS
PRESS
PROBLEMS OF PATIENTS AND HOSPITALS
Problems of Patients
Problems of Hospitals
COORDINATION OF SERVICES
Responsibility of the Hospital Director
Expansion of the Departments
Internal Expansion
External Expansion
COMMUNICATION GAP
POLICY DECISIONS AND DISCUSSIONS
DEPARTMENT MANAGEMENT
ILLEGITIMATE ACTIVITIES
REPAIRS AND MAINTENANCE OF DEPARTMENT/BIOMEDICAL DEPARTMENT
Policies
Location
Job Responsibility of a Biomedical Engineer
INEFFICIENT DEPARTMENTS
CODE OF ETHICS FOR PROFESSIONALS
MISUSE AND UNDERUTILISATION OF STAFF
DOCTORS
NURSING
PARAMEDICAL
ADMINISTRATOR AND OTHER STAFF
ORIENTATION TO THE STAFF
SENIOR OFFICIAL ON ROUND THE CLOCK SERVICE
Authority and Responsibility of ‘Duty Officer’
Handing over Data Dairy Book
STAFF WELFARE
TEACHING PROGRAM
RESEARCH PROGRAM
HOW TO ACHIEVE A GOOD INFORMATION SYSTEM
ROLE OF MEDICAL RECORDS
WHY COST ANALYSIS
MANAGMENT CAPABILITIES
Manpower
Utility
VALUE OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT DECISIONS AND RELATED INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS
SUMMARY
TWENTY TIPS TO HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATOR FOR EFFICIENT ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF A HOSPITAL TO IMPROVE PATIENT CARE
CHAPTER 14:
Leadership
TRUST BUILDING
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
LEADERSHIP TALK
QUALITIES OF A LEADER
What is Your Leadership Style?
CHAPTER 15:
Motivation
HEIGHTEN YOUR CURIOSITY, CURIOSITY JUMP STARTS YOUR PERSONAL BRILLIANCE
NEUTRALIZING SITUATIONS CAUSING WORRY
Clarity is Everything
Determine the Worst
Be Willing to have it so
Take Action
CHAPTER 16:
Quality Assurance
INTRODUCTION
What is Quality Assurance?
What is Quality Assurance Program?
HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
Responsibility
Reporting
Participation
Data Sources
Quality Assurance Process
FUNCTIONS
Blood Usage Review Functions (Medical Staff)
Pharmacy and Therapeutic Functions (Medical Staff)
Drug Usage Evaluation (Medical Staff)
Medical Record Review Functions (Medical Staff)
Medical Records Services (Medical Record Department)
Surgical Care Review (Medical Staff)
Ongoing Monitoring and Evaluation of Departmental Service (Peer Review Clinical Staff)
Utilization Review (Medical Staff)
Infection Control (Medical Staff)
Patient Representative Program (Hospital)
Occurrence Variance Reporting System (Hospital Wide)
Clinical Privileging and Reprivileging (Medical Staff and Specified Professional Personnel)
Risk Management Program (Hospital Wide)
METHODOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION IN QUALITY ASSESSMENT
PLANNING A QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM (QAP)
Program Goals and Objectives
Assessment of Quality Assurance Activities
Analyzing Assessment Results
ORGANIZING A QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
Coordination by an Individual
Coordination by Several Quality Assurance Committees
Coordination by Quality Assurance Department
Combined Approach
IMPLEMENTING A QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
Developing a Quality Assurance Plan
Active Participation by Hospital Staff
PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
Utilization Review Committee
Medical Staff Peer Review/ Medical Audit Committee
CASE STUDY
Introduction
Drawbacks in Health Care Development
Proposed Plan
SUGGESTIONS/CAUTION: MOTIVATION FOR COMMITMENT TO PROGRAM
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 17:
Medical Audit
INTRODUCTION
HISTORY OF MEDICAL AUDIT
MATERIAL FOR MEDICAL AUDIT
METHODS OF MEDICAL AUDITING
Internal Audit
External Audit
MEDICAL AUDIT SHEET
Benefits of Medical Audits
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 18:
Patient Care Evaluation
INTRODUCTION
A TYPICAL CASE STUDY
Procedure of Meeting
Prior to Conducing Meeting
Conducting of the Meeting
Conclusion
Improvement
Outcomes of the Method
OUTCOME OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PATIENT CARE EVALUATION (TABLES 18.1 and 18.2)
Introduction
Methodology
Findings
Incomplete Records
Methodology
CHAPTER 19:
Establishment of a Central Medical Record Archives Training and Research Department (CMRATRD)
INTRODUCTION
OBJECTIVES
REQUIREMENTS
Selection of Location
Space Requirements
Equipment
Personnel
Management
Ground Floor (Fig. 19.1)
Reception
Verification Section
Sorting of Records
Coding and Indexing Section
Filing of Coded and Indexed Records
Sorting and Processing for Microfilm
Microfilming/Scanning/Computerization
Microfiche Jacketing
Microfiche Storage Room
Medical Record Laboratory for Training
Lecture Room
Study and Research Room
Computer Application
Supply of Records for Information
Inactive Record Storage Room
First Floor (Fig. 19.2)
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 20:
Challenges of the Health Care Delivery Beyond 21st Century
INTRODUCTION
HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
PROBLEMS IN HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
PREPARING A NEW HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
A Different Set of Competencies
Building a Better Delivery System
The Workforce is not Prepared
What Healthcare Workers should do as Part of Training
HEALTH CARE COST
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
IT SOLUTIONS FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
21st Century RIM
Critical Clinical Applications
PROBLEMS OF INTERNET
QUALITY ASSURANCE WITH LATEST TECHNOLOGY
CONCLUSION
SUGGESTIONS
Bibliography
INDEX
TOC
Index
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