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The Acutely Ill Child: A Ready Reckoner
Mukti Sharma, BM John, Vishal Sondhi
SECTION 1: SUPPORTING A SICK CHILD
CHAPTER 1:
‘Pediatric Advanced Life Support’ Assessment
CHAPTER 2:
Hypovolemic Shock
CHAPTER 3:
Cardiogenic Shock
CHAPTER 4:
Septic Shock
CHAPTER 5:
Anaphylactic Shock
CHAPTER 6:
Obstructive Shock
CHAPTER 7:
Hyponatremia
CHAPTER 8:
Hypernatremia
CHAPTER 9:
Hypokalemia
CHAPTER 10:
Hyperkalemia
CHAPTER 11:
Hypocalcemia
CHAPTER 12:
Approach to Arterial Blood Gas Analysis
CHAPTER 13:
Sedation and Analgesia in Children
CHAPTER 14:
Nutrition in a Critically Ill Child
SECTION 2: RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
CHAPTER 15:
Approach to a Child with Respiratory Distress
CHAPTER 16:
Acute Respiratory Failure
CHAPTER 17:
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
CHAPTER 18:
Croup
CHAPTER 19:
Foreign Body Aspiration
CHAPTER 20:
Acute Bronchiolitis
CHAPTER 21:
Acute Severe Asthma
CHAPTER 22:
Mechanical Ventilation
SECTION 3: CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
CHAPTER 23:
Approach to Cyanotic Infant
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
Hyperoxia test
Chest X-ray
CHAPTER 24:
Cyanotic Spells or “Tet Spells”
CHAPTER 25:
Congestive Cardiac Failure
CHAPTER 26:
Management of Cardiac Arrhythmias
CHAPTER 27:
Hypertensive Emergencies in Children
Antihypertensives:
SECTION 4: HEMATOLOGICAL AND ONCOLOGICAL DISORDERS
CHAPTER 28:
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
CHAPTER 29:
Febrile Neutropenia
Algorithm for Management of Febrile Neutropenia
CHAPTER 30:
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
CHAPTER 31:
Hemophilia Emergencies
CHAPTER 32:
Acute Transfusion Reactions
CHAPTER 33:
Acute Illness in a Child with Sickle Cell Disease
CHAPTER 34:
Bleeding Disorders
SECTION 5: ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
CHAPTER 35:
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
CHAPTER 36:
Hypoglycemia
CHAPTER 37:
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion
CHAPTER 38:
Adrenal Crisis
CHAPTER 39:
Diabetes Insipidus
SECTION 6: RENAL DISORDERS
CHAPTER 40:
Acute Kidney Injury
CHAPTER 41:
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
CHAPTER 42:
Renal Replacement Therapy
SECTION 7: GIT AND LIVER DISORDERS
CHAPTER 43:
Acute Abdomen
CHAPTER 44:
Gastrointestinal Bleed
CHAPTER 45:
Intestinal Obstruction
CHAPTER 46:
Approach to Acute Liver Failure
SECTION 8: NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
CHAPTER 47:
Approach to Coma
APPROACH TO COMA
CHAPTER 48:
Status Epilepticus
FEBRILE SEIZURES
CHAPTER 49:
Increased Intracranial Pressure
CHAPTER 50:
Head Injury in Children
CHAPTER 51:
Acute Flaccid Paralysis
GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME (GBS)
GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME (GBS)
ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM
SECTION 9: INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM
CHAPTER 52:
Inborn Errors of Metabolism: Detection and Immediate Management
SECTION 10: TOXICOLOGY
CHAPTER 53:
Clinical Approach to a Suspected Case of Poisoning
GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF A SUSPECTED CASE OF POISONING
CHAPTER 54:
Hydrocarbon Poisoning
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL FEATURES
MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 55:
Acetaminophen Toxicity
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL FEATURES
MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 56:
Organophosphorus Poisoning
CHAPTER 57:
Iron Poisoning
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL FEATURES
LAB INVESTIGATIONS
MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 58:
Snakebite Treatment Protocol
CHAPTER 59:
Approach to Scorpion Bite
INTRODUCTION
PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL FEATURES
INVESTIGATIONS
MANAGEMENT
SECTION 11: ENVIRONMENTAL
CHAPTER 60:
Drowning
CHAPTER 61:
Burns
SECTION 12: PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 62:
Intraosseous Cannulation
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
MATERIALS
PROCEDURE
COMPLICATIONS, PREVENTION, AND MANAGEMENT
DOCUMENTATION
CHAPTER 63:
Femoral Vein Cannulation
INDICATION
RELATIVE CONTRAINDICATION
MATERIALS
PROCEDURE
COMPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 64:
Radial Artery Cannulation
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
MATERIALS
PROCEDURE
COMPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 65:
Endotracheal Intubation
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
MATERIALS
Endotracheal tube and laryngoscope sizes:
PROCEDURE
Complications: Prevention and Management
DOCUMENTATION
CHAPTER 66:
Rapid Sequence Intubation
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT
ANESTHESIA
COMPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 67:
Abdominal Paracentesis
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
MATERIALS
PROCEDURE
Complications, Prevention and Management
Documentation in the medical record
CHAPTER 68:
Thoracocentesis—Needle Aspiration of Pneumothorax
INDICATIONS
MATERIALS
PROCEDURE
Complications, Prevention and Management
Documentation in the medical record
CHAPTER 69:
Percutaneous Pericardiocentesis
INDICATION
CONTRAINDICATIONS
MATERIALS
PROCEDURE (FIG. 69.2)
COMPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 70:
Suprapubic Aspiration
INDICATIONS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
MATERIALS
PROCEDURE
COMPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 71:
Invasive Monitoring
CHAPTER 72:
Subdural Tap
ANATOMY
INDICATIONS
EQUIPMENT
PROCEDURE
COMPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 73:
Ring Removal
GLOVE METHOD
STRING PULL METHOD
STRING/RIBBON WRAP METHOD
RING CUTTER METHOD
ELASTIC TAPE OR COBAN METHOD
CHAPTER 74:
Arthrocentesis (Knee)
CHAPTER 75:
Pulled Elbow
CHAPTER 76:
Zipper Injuries
MINERAL OIL EXTRACTION
CUTTING THE ZIPPER CLOTH
CUTTING THE MEDIAN BAR
CHAPTER 77:
Paraphimosis Reduction
MANUAL REDUCTION (Fig. 77.1)
SECTION 13: CHARTS AND SCALES
CHAPTER 78:
PALS Algorithms
CHAPTER 79:
Coma and Pain Scale
CHAPTER 80:
Catheter and Tube Sizes
DIALYSIS CATHETERS
CHAPTER 81:
Common Local Anesthetics
COMMONLY USED LOCAL ANESTHETICS
FASTING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ANESTHESIA
SUGGESTED ANALGESIA AND SEDATION PROTOCOLS
CHAPTER 82:
Blood Component Replacement
ESTIMATED BLOOD VOLUME (EBV)
CHAPTER 83:
CT Scan and Lesions
CHAPTER 84:
Emergency Drugs Preparations
CHAPTER 85:
Drug Levels
CHAPTER 86:
G6PD and Drugs
CHAPTER 87:
Drug Compatibility Chart
CHAPTER 88:
Special Sample Collection
CHAPTER 89:
Abnormal Sodium Chart
CHAPTER 90:
Rapid Sequence Intubation Drugs
CHAPTER 91:
Sedation Withdrawal
CHAPTER 92:
Steroids and Efficacy
CHAPTER 93:
Total Parental Nutrition (TPN)
CHAPTER 94:
Transudate vs Exudate
CHAPTER 95:
Common Formulae
CHAPTER 96:
Common Conversion
CHAPTER 97:
Blood Pressure Chart
CHAPTER 98:
ECG Chart
VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY CRITERIA
RIGHT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (RVH) CRITERIA
LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY (LVH) CRITERIA
CHAPTER 99:
Laboratory Values
ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE (ALT)
ALDOLASE
ALKALINE PHOSPHATE
Ammonia
AMYLASE
ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODY (ANA)
ANTISTREPTOLYSIN O TITER
ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE (AST)
BICARBONATE
BLOOD GAS, ARTERIAL (BREATHING ROOM AIR)
CALCIUM (TOTAL)
CALCIUM (IONIZED)
CHLORIDE
CREATINE KINASE (CREATINE PHOSPHOKINASE)
CREATININE (SERUM)
ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE (ESR)
FERRITIN
FOLATE (SERUM)
GALACTOSE
GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE (GGT)
GLUCOSE (SERUM)
HAPTOGLOBIN
HEMOGLOBIN A1C
HEMOGLOBIN F, % TOTAL HEMOGLOBIN [MEAN (SD)]
IRON
LACTATE
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE (AT 37°C)
LEAD
LIPASE
PHENYLALANINE
PHOSPHORUS
POTASSIUM
TOTAL IRON-BINDING CAPACITY (TIBC)
TRANSFERRIN
TROPONIN-I
UREA NITROGEN
URIC ACID
VITAMIN B12 (COBALAMIN)
VITAMIN D3(1,25-DIHYDROXY-VITAMIN D)
VITAMIN A (RETINOL)
EVALUATION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
OPENING PRESSURE (LATERAL RECUMBENT POSITION
CHAPTER 100:
Common Medications
CHAPTER 101:
Miscellaneous
Suggested Reading
SECTION-1
SECTION-2
SECTION-3
SECTION-4
SECTION-5
SECTION-6
SECTION-7
SECTION-8
SECTION-9
SECTION-10
SECTION-11
SECTION-12
SECTION-13
INDEX
TOC
Index
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