Textbook of Gynecology for Nurses Anupama Tamrakar
INDEX
Page numbers followed by f refer to figure and t refer to table
A
Abdominal
and laparoscopic repair 170
bloating 112
examination 33, 160
hysterectomy 179, 607
myomectomy 618
pain 233
scar 384
wall pain 578
Abnormal
chromosomal pattern 118
height 569
menopause 102
sperm 299
uterine bleeding 129, 611
vaginal
bleeding 226
discharge 226, 570
Abnormalities of
connective tissue 181
fallopian tubes 79
ovaries 80
Abortion 177
Acanthosis nigricans 346, 347
Accessory breast 416
Acetaminophen 598
Acidification of urine 194
Acne 113, 568, 587
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 213, 243, 266, 270, 327
Actinomyces 206
Acute
endometritis 225
inversion of uterus 159
pelvic pain 575
pyelonephritis 231
salpingitis 229
Acyclic bleeding 138
Adenocarcinoma 390, 394, 395, 398
Adenomyosis 108, 373, 385, 385f, 577, 578
Adenosquamous carcinoma 398
Adheisolysis 321, 323
Adhesions 108
in uterine cavity 302
Adjuvant chemotherapy 427, 530
Adnexal
mass 233
tenderness 208, 233
Adrenogenital syndrome 118
Agenesis 81
of vagina 560
Albert Smith's pessary 158f
Allergic reactions 113
Allium sativum 351
Alzheimer's disease 450
Amenorrhea 115, 116, 300
American
Cancer Society 426t
College of Surgeons Committee on Cancer 426t
Fertility Society 76
Society for Reproductive Medicine 376
Amputation of cervix 607
Anal
fistulae 187f
sphincter muscles 16f
Androgen 551
excess 124
insensitivity syndrome 472
Anesthesia 594
Angiokeratoma 349
Anomalies of female reproductive tract 83
Anorectal
manometry 199
ultrasound 199
Anorgasmia 579
Anovular bleeding 140, 141
Anovulation 130, 300, 316
Anterior
repair 171
wall prolapse 167
Antibiotic 324, 599, 600
therapy 195, 232
Antiestrogens 547
Antifibrinolytics 149
Antigonadotropins 149, 551
Anti-incontinence surgery 196
Anti-inflammatory drugs 387
Antiphospholipid antibodies syndrome 304
Antiprogesterone 516, 549
Antituberculosis treatment 223
Antitumor antibiotics 531
Aphthous ulcers 342, 350
Appendicitis 227, 231, 239
Arcuate uterus 77, 77f
Arterial supply 6, 9, 13
Artificial insemination 314, 326
Asherman's syndrome 123, 302
Assisted reproductive technology 223, 315, 326
Asthenospermia 314, 336
Asthenozoospermia 299
Astrocytes of nervous system 269
Asymmetry of breast 416
Atresia upper third of vagina and cervix 118
Atrophic
endometritis 226
vaginitis 463
Atrophied duct of Müller 70f
Atrophy in
females 69
males 71
Autoimmune disease 123, 272
B
Bacillary angiomatosis 272
Bacterial
gastroenteritis 231
vaginosis 225, 242, 244, 255, 266
Bacteriuria 451
Bacteroides bivius 225
Baldy-Webster operation 158
Barium enema 239
Barrier
contraceptives 209
methods 482
Bartholin's
abscess 247, 248
cyst 247, 248, 348
gland 5, 70, 72, 198, 217, 247, 262, 394, 395
cancer 391
carcinoma 394
Bartholinitis 246
Basal
body temperature chart 309
cell carcinoma 342, 389, 390, 391
Basic fibroblast growth factor 355
Behçet's
disease 342, 347, 392
syndrome 347, 463
Belly of rectal muscle 596f
Benefits of contraception 482
Benign
and malignant cysts 406
epithelial neoplastic cysts of ovary 363
fibrocystic breast disease 416
lesions of
cervix 352
genital tract 342
ovary 362
uterus 354
tumor
hematomas and cysts 347
in breast 421
vulvar
lesions 342
melanosis 346
Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin 146f
Bicornuate uterus 76
Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 91, 102, 528, 608
Biopsy 138, 236, 391, 396
of endometrial tissue 387
of lump 419
Birth
control pills 243
defect 375
Bladder 70f, 72f, 395, 526
and rectal injury 614
and sphincter muscle 444f
and ureter lesions 384, 385
and urethral prolapse 172f
cancer 450
damage 194, 455
neck surgery 446
stones 450
Bleeding per vagina 560
Blistering diseases 342
Blood
and nerve supply of vulva 3
clots 608
dyscrasia 142
pressure medicines 98
progesterone 310
prolactin 310
supply 3, 6, 9, 11, 13, 21, 25
test 95, 124, 131, 136, 144, 208, 241
urea nitrogen 274
vessels and nerves 27
Body
mass index 119, 144, 313
of uterus 575
Bone
marrow suppression 538
mass density 96
testing 95
Bowel
endometriosis 376
resection 201
vaginoplasty 87
Brachytherapy 522
Breast 414, 414f
cancer 422, 473, 528, 541
disorders 414
implant surgery 427
infection 416
lump 418
pain 416
self-examination 61, 62f
surgery 428
tenderness 112
tissue 416
tumor 549
Breastfeeding 267
Bromocriptine 115, 557
Bulbocavernosus 17
Bulbourethral glands 72
Bullous pemphigoid 342
Burkitt
like lymphoma 270
lymphoma 270
Burning vulva syndrome 350
C
Calendar method 489f
Calymmatobacterium granulomatis 260
Cancer 272, 602
Candida albicans 242, 255, 289, 562
Carcinoma
cervix and endometrial carcinoma 138
in situ 43, 43f, 397
Cardinal ligament 10, 28
Cardiovascular disease 95, 473
Catheter 249
collection 38
drainage 196
Catheterization of urethral meatus 39f
Causes of
abnormal vaginal discharge 571f
amenorrhea 121
dysuria 463t
excessive secretion 570
infertility in
female 299
male 298
menopause 91
pain 105
in dysmenorrhea 105f
retroverted uterus 155
Cavity of
uterus 8
womb 302
Cell cycle 529f
Central nervous system 112, 117, 269, 376, 450
Certain endothelial cells 269
Cervical
abnormalities 611
biopsy 604
cancer 138, 151, 397, 527, 541
cap 486f
cysts 354
cytology 396
dystocia in labor 614
endometriosis 138
eversion 353
fibroids 356
hostility 330
incompetency 614
intraepithelial neoplasia 64, 397
lesions 151
leukorrhea 570
motion tenderness 208, 233
mucus 45, 302
polyp 361
smear 108
stenosis 614
Cervicitis 234, 290, 463
Cervix 7, 213, 575
Chancroid 255, 259, 342
Chemotherapy 123, 222, 408, 427, 518, 528, 529, 540
Cherney incision 595
Chest
wall stretch 434, 435f
X-ray 396, 592
Chlamydia 235
infection 211, 264, 397
trachomatis 205, 229, 255, 258, 264, 562
infections 299
vaginitis 242, 245
Chlamydial swabs 108
Choriocarcinoma 342, 404
Chromosomal sex 469
Chronic
bronchitis 172
constipation 172, 175
cough 166, 172, 175
endometritis 226
human papillomavirus 349
illness 122
inversion of uterus 149, 162
kidney disease 455
liver disease 129, 547
pelvic
infection 211
pain 378, 576, 607, 611
PID 211
salpingitis 229
strain 166
vulvovaginal candidiasis 347
Cicatricial pemphigoid 342
Classification of
intersex 469
perineal tears 437
urinary incontinence 445f
vulvodynia 350
Clitoris 2, 72, 72f
abnormalities 88
Clomiphene citrate 314, 316, 547
Closure of peritoneum 597
Clotrimazole 290
Coagulation disorders 129, 142
Coexisting disorders 358
Coital
failure 304
injuries 440
Coitus interruptus 487
Cold sweats 113
Colles' fascia 27
Colpocleisis 179, 181
Colpoperineorraphy 174
Colporrhaphy 171, 172
Colposcopy 48, 236
Combination patch contraceptive 505
Combined oral contraceptive pills 107, 146
Complete
absence of vagina 118
blood count 131, 146f, 176
Complex choreography of reproductive hormones 14f
Complications of
genital tuberculosis 221
IVF treatment 334
local repairs 202
menopause 94
repair operations 440
sperm donation procedure 329
surgical treatment 202
transabdominal repairs 202
Computed tomography 152
scan 53, 197, 391
Computer assisted semen analysis 308
Computerized tomography 199, 227
Concomitant fistulas 193
Condyloma acuminata 255, 284
Congenital
abnormalities 301, 305, 334
adrenal hyperplasia 120, 470
bilateral absence of vas deference 298, 336
malformations of female genital organ 74
tuberculosis 221
Congestive dysmenorrhea 104
Conization of cervix 64
Conn's syndrome 554
Connective tissue 27
Constipation 443, 539, 608, 612
Constrictor urethrae 17
Contact
bleeding 138
dermatitis 347
irritant 493
Continuous estrogen and progestin therapy 99
Contraception 31, 482
Contraceptive 502, 516
method 517, 517f
Contrast tests 199
Control of
follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone 555
postoperative bladder spasms 195
vaginal muscles 583
Copper T 491f, 492f, 516
Corpus luteum cysts 363
Couple instructions 313
Cowper's gland 70f
Crab louse 255
Craniopharyngioma 122
Credé method over bladder 457
Crohn's disease 118, 198200, 221, 342, 346, 392
Cryosurgery 605
Cryptomenorrhea 116
Cryptosporidium 272
Culdocentesis 55, 55f
Culdoscopy 56, 59
Cure of leukorrhea 572
Cusco speculum 35
Cushing's syndrome 124, 586, 587
Cyclic vulvovaginitis 351
Cyclical breast pain 416
Cyst of organ of Rosenmuller 80
Cystic glandular hyperplasia 142
Cystitis 463
Cystocele 167, 167f
Cystogram 197
Cystometrogram 197
Cystoscopy 56, 58, 59f, 196, 391, 396, 455
Cystourethrocele 172f
Cysts 418, 422
Cytomegalovirus 270
infection 272
D
Danazol 115, 381, 551
Deep
dyspareunia 110
muscle layer 17
vein thrombosis 203, 601
Defective spermatogenesis 298
Degrees of
inversion of uterus 158
retroversion 155
Delayed
ejaculation 305
manifestations of intersex 568
onset adrenal hyperplasia 587f
puberty 117, 567
Deoxyribonucleic acid 227, 262
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate 504
Depression 112
Dermatitis 392
Dermatofibroma 348
Dermatologic disorders 347
Development of
breast 414
external sexual organs in male and female 68f
female gonads 71
genital organs and gonads 66
male and female internal genitalia 470
male gonads 69
Developmental
anomalies 120
defect of genital tract 118
Diaphragm 485f
Diarrhea 539
Didelphys uterus 75f, 76
Diethylstilbestrol 394
exposed uterus 77f
related anomaly 77
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 270
Dilatation of cervix 602
Disorders of
menstrual cycles 104
orgasm 579
Displacement of uterus 154
Diverticulitis 231, 239
Division of cloaca 66
Donovania granulomatis 255
Dorsal lithotomy position 192
Double vagina 82
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry 95
Duct of
Gartner 72f
Müller 69f
Ductal carcinoma in situ 424
Ductus
deferens 73
epididymis 73
Dye test 189
Dyschezia 378
Dysesthetic vulvodynia 351
Dysfunction of
nerves and tissues 181
thyroid and adrenal cortex 118
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding 138, 139, 140t, 556, 566
Dysmenorrhea 104, 112, 156, 378, 577, 578
Dyspareunia 156, 226, 233, 248, 378, 583, 614
Dysuria 226, 378, 461
E
Econazole 290
Ectoparasitic infections 291
Ectopic
anus 561
pregnancy 78, 177, 221, 231, 334, 584
ureter 88, 88f
Egg collection 332, 336
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome 166
Ejaculatory
defect 299
dysfunctions 326
Elbow winging 433, 433f
Electromyography 455
Electronic brachytherapy 525
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate 208
Embryo
donation 337, 338
replacement 333
transfer 326, 333, 334f, 338
cycle 331f
procedure 338
Embryonic structures 72
Emergency
contraception 515
contraceptive pills 515
Endocervix 395
Endometrial
biopsy 46, 47f, 48t, 131, 144, 151, 310, 396
cancer 151, 528
carcinoma 401
curettage 219
hyperplasia 602, 611
lining 302
polyp 151, 360, 602
resection 150
sampling 144
Endometrioid cystadenocarcinoma 81
Endometriomas 371
Endometriosis 108, 123, 231, 300, 301, 305, 322, 330, 347, 373, 373f, 376, 577, 584, 607
Endometriotic cysts 354
Endometritis 225
Endometrium 8, 213, 395
Endoscopic
instrumentation 196
tests 451
Enlarged breast 560
Enterocele 172, 173f
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 220, 263, 271
Epidermal
growth factor 355
inclusion cyst 348
Epidermolysis bullosa 342
Epididymis 70f
Epididymo-orchitis 463
Epimenorrhagia 140
Epimenorrhea 140
Epithelial
cysts 363
disorders 342
Epoophoron 27, 73
Epstein-Barr virus 347
Erectile
dysfunction 299, 305
layer 22
Erector clitoridis 17
Erythema multiforme 342
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 230, 577
Escherichia coli 229
Estrogen 13, 374, 545
replacement therapy 178, 194
secreting tumors 151
therapy 169
withdrawal bleeding 139
Ethambutol 223
Ethamsylate 149
Evaluation of couples seeking insemination treatment 326
Excess growth hormone 587
Excision biopsy 391
Exploration of phobia 583
External
beam radiotherapy 521
genitalia 1
radiation therapy 519
sphincter ani 16
Extramammary Paget's disease 391
F
Failure of fertilization in IVF 336
Fallopian
ovaries 575
tube 10, 213, 214, 575
carcinoma 410
contraction 109
Familial benign chronic pemphigus 342
Fatigue 218, 282, 283, 284, 526, 539
Female
condom 484f
infertility 315
intersex 470
pelvis 4
perineum 26, 26f
reproductive organs 1, 2f
sterilization 509
Fenticonazole 290
Fern test 45
Ferning of cervical mucus 125
Fertility
and retroverted uterus 157
awareness method 488
issues 371
Fetal cysts 366
Fever 226, 233, 282
Fibroadenomas 418, 422
Fibrocystic masses 421
Fibroids 108, 354, 607, 611
Fibroma 348
Fibromyoma 348
Fibrous coat 20
FIGO staging
guidelines for cancer of vulva 392
system for
cervical cancer 399
endometrial carcinoma 403
ovarian cancer 408
vaginal carcinoma 396
Fimbriated extremity of left fallopian tube 72f
Finasteride 589
First degree
tear 437
uterine prolapse 177f
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome 209
Fixed retroverted uterus 156
Flap
method 439
splitting techniques 192
Fluid replacement 598
Foley catheter 161
Follicle
cyst 362, 363f
stimulating hormone 13, 130, 318
Follicular swelling 109
Fothergill operation 180
Fourth degree tear 437
Fulguration of fistula 190
Functional
incontinence 452
menorrhagia 141
Functions of
bladder 20
cervix 8
ureters 21
uterus 9
vagina 5
Fungal infection 392
G
Gabapentin 98
Galactorrhea 419
Gamete intrafallopian 335
transfer 325, 326, 383f, 547
Gamma-aminobutyric acid system 112
Gardnerella vaginalis 206, 225, 244, 255, 266, 562
Gartner's duct 69, 73
Gastroenteritis 576
Gastrointestinal infections 270
Gene therapy 543
Genetic sex 469
Genital
crisis 560
fistulae 186
gland 69
herpes 235, 255, 276, 283, 342
injuries 437
irritation 282
malignancy 389, 413
organs 66, 67
tract injuries 437
tubercle 72
tuberculosis 212
warts 235, 284, 286
Genitofemoral nerve neuralgia 350
Genitourinary fistula 186, 187f
Ginkgo biloba 352
Gland of Bartholin 72f
Glycosuria 451
Glycyrrhiza glabra 351
GnRH
agonists 149, 320
antagonists 320
Gonadal
dysgenesis 471, 476
sex 469
Gonadotropin releasing hormone 331f, 383f
agonists 115, 381
analogues 319
Gonorrhea 232, 235, 255, 261
Gräfenberg spot 4
Granuloma inguinale 255, 260, 342
Graves' disease 101
Gubernaculum 73
testis 70f, 73
Guinea pig inoculation 220
Gynecologic cancer 607
H
Haemophilus
ducreyi 255, 259
influenzae 206
parainfluenzae 206
vaginalis 255
Hailey-Hailey disease 342
Hair loss 538
Having hysterectomy 173
Headache 106, 112, 283
Heart 33
damage 539
Hemangioma 348
Hematometra 614
Hematuria 451
Hemoglobin 132f
Hemorrhage 81, 601, 608, 612, 614
Heparin 324
Hepatitis
B virus 255, 287
C virus 255, 288
Herpes
genitalis 350
simplex virus 234, 255, 276
virus 235
Heterotopic sebaceous glands 349
Hidradenoma 348
High
blood pressure 587
density lipoprotein 96
dose rate brachytherapy 523
grade squamous intraepithelial lesion 398
risk sexual behavior 232
vaginal swab 108
Hirsutism 568, 585
HIV infections 235
Hodgkin's lymphoma 213
Hormonal
contraception 397
imbalance 142, 602
method 496
sex 469
status 44
therapy 194, 380, 545
Hormone
contraception therapy 381
replacement therapy 97f, 98, 120, 182
tests 307
therapy 98, 387, 533
Hot flashes 113
Huge enlargement of breast 416
Human
chorionic gonadotropin 14, 119, 144, 314, 366
hormone 318, 319
immunodeficiency virus 48, 233, 253, 255, 266, 271, 325, 396, 441, 483
leukocyte antigen DK 324
menopausal gonadotropin 314, 318
papillomavirus 40, 234, 235, 254, 255
infection 397
Hydatid cyst of Morgagni 80
Hydrastis canadensis 351
Hydrocolpos 561f
Hymen 6, 73, 82
abnormalities 81
Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism 117
Hypericum perforatum 352
Hyperinsulinemia 586
Hyperpigmented macules 346
Hyperprolactinemia 587
Hyperstimulation syndrome 576
Hypertension 587
Hyperthyroidism 124
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 117
Hypomenorrhea 136
Hypopituitarism 117
Hypospadias 298, 299
Hypothalamic
and pituitary dysfunction 117
hamartoma 122
pituitary-ovarian axis
defect 120
dysfunction 566
Hypothyroidism 124, 142, 587
Hysterectomy 150, 170, 180, 211, 232, 387, 446, 607
Hysterosalpingocontrast sonography 312
Hysterosalpingogram 310
Hysterosalpingography 49, 220
Hysteroscopy 56, 57, 58f, 131, 145, 152, 311
and endometrial curettage 138
I
Idiopathic
hirsutism 586f
thrombocytopenic purpura 129, 566
Immunological infertility 324
Immunosuppression 232
Immunotherapy 324, 518, 533, 540, 541
Impaired urinary elimination 453
Imperforate hymen 82, 83f, 118, 560
In vitro fertilization 53, 303, 322326, 330, 331f, 333, 361, 382, 383f, 547
Incomplete
abortion 602
inversion 159
Incontinence of urine 157
Infections of pelvic organs 225
Inferior opening of vagina 72f
Infertility 78, 227, 297, 306, 314, 378, 527, 614
Infiltrating
ductal carcinoma 424
lobular carcinoma 424
Inflammatory
bowel disease 199, 201
breast cancer 424
diseases 342
Infundibulopelvic ligament 27
Inguinal lymphadenopathy 236
Insemination 328, 329f
Insertion of
Cusco speculum 36f
Mirena 142
mixture of eggs and sperms 335f
Inspection of
cervix and vaginal walls 34
vulva 35f
Instrumental injuries 442
Insulin-like growth factor 355
Internal
anal sphincter 24
female genital organs 4f
genital organs 3
radiation therapy 519
sphincter ani 16
International
Association for Study of Pain 574
Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 392
Society for Study of Vulvar Disease 350
Intersex 469, 480, 560
Interstitial cystitis 463
Intestine 70f
Intra-arterial chemotherapy 535
Intracavitary chemotherapy 535
Intracervical
fixing device 490f
insemination 326, 327
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection 303, 308, 326
Intraductal papillomas 422
Intraepithelial neoplasia of vagina 390
Intrafallopian insemination 326, 329
Intramural fibroids 356
Intraoperative radiation therapy 519
Intraperitoneal insemination 326, 329
Intrapleural chemotherapy 536
Intrathecal chemotherapy 536
Intrauterine
adhesions 302
contraceptive device 49, 121
device 130, 133f, 148, 207, 209, 226, 482, 489, 492f, 493, 516
growth restriction 78
insemination 315, 323325, 327
system 107
Intravaginal insemination 326
Intravenous
immunoglobulin 324, 325
pyelogram 396
pyelography 190
urogram 189
urography 196
Intravesical chemotherapy 535
Invasive
carcinoma 43, 43f
cervical cancer 270
Irregular
bleeding per vagina 362
menstrual periods 157, 587
ovulation or infertility 157
periods 108
uterine bleeding 611
vaginal bleeding 92
Irritable
bladder sometimes giving stress incontinence 110
bowel 110
syndrome 378
Ischemia 187
Ischiocavernosus 17
Isoniazid 222, 223
Itching 344
IVF
pregnancy 334
surrogates 339
J
Jack-Knife position 192
Juxtaurethral fistula 188
K
Kallmann's syndrome 117, 120, 299, 314
Kaposi sarcoma 270272, 275
Kartagener's syndrome 298
Kegel exercises 171, 178, 183, 448, 449, 451
Kielland forceps 187
Kissing ulcers 259
Klinefelter's syndrome 299, 472, 473f
Kobelt cyst 80
Koilocytosis 43
L
Labia majora 1, 72
abnormalities 87
Labia minora 1, 72, 259
abnormalities 87
Labioscrotal swelling 72
Lactational amenorrhea 116
method 488
Lactobacillus acidophilus 244
Laparoscopic
ovarian drilling for polycystic ovarian syndrome 320
procedure 194
treatment of endometriosis 383f
Laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy 611
Laparoscopy 56, 108, 111, 145, 170, 227, 333, 379
and dye test 311
Large fibroids 166, 175
Laser
treatment 589
welding 194
Latzko technique 192, 192f
Lawson positions 192
Le Forts procedure 181f
Leech bite 566
Legal issues surrounding surrogacy 340
Lentiginosis 346
Lentigo 346
Lesions in cervix and vagina 384, 385
Letrozole 548
Leukemia 342, 347
Leukocytosis 239
Leukorrhea 563, 570
Leuprolide 556
acetate 115
Levonorgestrel intrauterine delivery system 99
Leydig cells 472
Lichen
planus 342, 392
sclerosus 342, 343, 343f
Life after
abdominal hysterectomy 610
vaginal hysterectomy 613
Ligaments of pelvis 28f
Ligamentum transversalis colli 28
Lipoma 348
Lipschutz ulcer 342, 347
Liver damage 540
Lobular carcinoma in situ 423
Local
diseases 461
injuries 441
repair methods 201
Localization of referred pain 575t
Location and types of fibroids 356
Longitudinal
incision of rectal muscle 596f
septum 82
Loop electrosurgical excision procedure 286, 398
Loss of
feminine body shape 587
libido 579
Low
pain 230
density lipoprotein 96
dose rate brachytherapy 523
grade
fever 218
squamous intraepithelial lesion 398
platelet count 538
Lowenstein-Jensen media 220
Lower
abdominal
fullness 454
incisions 597t
pain 208, 218, 226, 454
phallic part of urogenital sinus 67
Lugol's iodine 398
Lung 33
cancer 473
damage 539
disease 473
Lupus erythematosus 342
Luteal phase
defect 300, 316
support 337
Luteinized unruptured follicle 300, 316
Luteinizing hormone 13, 91, 318, 369
Lymph
drainage 6, 9, 11, 25
nodes metastases 426
Lymphangiography 49, 50
Lymphangioma 349
Lymphatic spread 213
Lymphedema 527
Lymphocyte immunization treatment 324
Lymphogranuloma venereum 255, 258, 342
Lymphoma 398
Lymphoreticular system 269
M
Mackenrodt's ligament 28
Magnetic resonance imaging 53, 177, 197, 199, 209, 357, 379, 386, 392, 419
Malaise 226
Male
and female derivatives of embryonic urogenital structures 72t
condom 483f
intersex 471
sterilization 513
Malignancy 360
Malignant
cancer 405
melanoma 342
polyps 360
Mammogram 419
Mammography 63
Management of
dysfunctional uterine bleeding 146, 147t
fallopian tube carcinoma 411f
shock 160
Manchester operation 613
Manchester repair 180
Mantoux test 219
Marfan syndrome 166
Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz procedures 449
Marsupialization 249
Mastalgia 416
Masturbation 583
Maternal ovarian cysts 366
Maturation index 45t
Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome 76, 85
Maylard incision 595, 596f
McIndoe procedure 87
Medium-dose rate brachytherapy 523
Medroxyprogesterone 135
Mefenamic acid 146
Megestrol acetate 135
Melanocytic nevus 346
Melanoma 391, 398
Membranous dysmenorrhea 105
Menarche 15
Menopause 14, 15, 90, 92, 95, 100, 155, 180, 446
Menorrhagia 129, 132f, 133f, 134t, 611
Menstrual
blood analysis 219
cramps 104
cycle 13
disorders 218, 566
irregularities 369
Menstruation 13, 229, 282, 284
Mesonephric
cysts 354
duct 73
tubules 73
Metabolic disorders 118
Metaplasia 374
Metformin 371, 589
Methods of
contraception 482, 483f
egg collection 333
Metropathia hemorrhagica 142
Metroplasty 323
Metrorrhagia 137, 611
Meyer and Lvanoff theory 374
Miconazole 290
Microepididymal sperm aspiration 315
Microglia of nervous system 269
Microperforate hymen 85, 86f
Micturition 22
Middle pelvic part of urogenital sinus 67
Midvaginal fistula 188
Mifepristone 549
Mild dyskaryosis 43
Minimizing valsalva maneuvers 195
Miscarriage 157, 602
Mitotic inhibitors 532
Mittelschmerz
pain 577
syndrome 109
Mixed
agglutination reaction test 307
gonadal dysgenesis 477
Mobile retroverted uterus 156
Mode of
administration 547
infection 206
spread 213, 399
transmission 254, 261, 267, 276, 286
Moderate dyskaryosis 43
Molluscum contagiosum 255, 286
Monilial vaginitis 255, 289
Monitoring of IUI treatment cycle 328
Mons pubis 1
Mood swings 112
Mother-to-child transmission 273
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma 81
Mucopurulent discharge 233
Mucous
coat 21, 22
cysts 347
membrane 11
polyp of cervix 138
Müllerian
abnormalities 577
agenesis 118, 330
duct 71, 74, 76
tubercle 73
Multiple
fistula 193
pregnancies 334, 397
sclerosis 450
Muscle layers 16
Muscular
coat 20, 22
layer 11
Mycobacterium
avium
complex 272
intracellulare 271
tuberculosis 206, 213, 219
Mycoplasma
hominis 206, 255
infection 255
Myomectomy 323
Myometrium 8
N
Nabothian cysts 354
Nafarelin acetate 115
Narrow introitus 81
National Health Service 43
Natural
conception 334
methods 487
surrogates 339
Nausea 106, 113, 233, 283, 526, 538
Neisseria gonorrhoeae 205, 229, 255, 261
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy 530
Neodymium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet 149
Neonatal leukorrhea 560
Neoplasms 566
Neoplastic transformation 81
Neosalpingostomy 321
Neoureterocystostomy 89
Neoureterostomy 88
Nephroureterectomy 89
Nerve supply 6, 9, 11, 13, 16, 18, 21, 25
of vesicourethral unit 23f
Neuroendocrine carcinoma 398
Neurological disease 450
Neurons of nervous system 269
Neurophysiology of pain 574
Neurosyphilis 257
Nevus cells 346
Night sedation 593
Nipple discharge 61
Non-carcinoma malignancies 398
Non-cyclic breast pain 417
Non-gonococcal urethritis 255
Non-hormonal treatment 96
Non-infectious vaginitis 242, 246
Non-neoplastic enlargement of ovary 362
Non-specific vaginitis 255
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs 108, 146, 360, 380, 598
painkillers 106
Norethisterone 146
Normal values of semen variables 307
Nucleic acid amplification 220
Nulliparity 105
Nutritional supplements 114
O
Obesity 105, 130, 166, 173, 175, 181, 566, 568, 586
Offensive vaginal discharge 362
Oligodendrocytes of nervous system 269
Oligomenorrhea 137, 141, 369
Oligoovulation 300
Oocyte
donation 337
retrieval 332
Oophorectomy 211, 232, 614
Oophoritis 216, 232
Opening of Bartholin's ducts 3
Operations of ovary 614
Optimizing irradiation plan 524
Oral
contraceptive 111, 139
pills 115
estrogen regime 99
hormone replacement therapy 195
route 148
steroidal contraception 496
Organ 74
dysfunction 129
of Giraldes 70f
prolapse 183
Organogenesis 75
Osteoporosis 94, 473
Outcome of in vitro fertilization pregnancy 334t
Outer surfaces of bladder 19
Outpatient antibiotic therapy 210
Ovarian
cancer 151, 231, 406, 528, 542
cystectomy 56, 614
cysts 177, 231, 547, 577, 584
enlargement 561
failure 330
follicles 73
hyperstimulation syndrome 319
lesions in
adolescence 367
childhood 367
woman 366
ligament 11, 73
remnant syndrome 577
stimulation with clomiphene citrate 325
tumors 142
vein and pelvic venography 111
wall rupture 109
wedge resection 320
Ovaries 11, 27, 71, 72f, 73, 213, 377, 395
Overall management of
dysfunctional uterine bleeding 146f
menopause 97f
Ovular bleeding 140
Ovulation 229
induction 316, 319
problems 300, 326
tests 309
Ovulatory dysfunction 316
P
Paget's disease 390
Pain 160, 409
during sex 108
management 598, 600
Painful
menstruation 104
scar 305
Palpation 34
of vagina and cervix 35
Pap
smear 40, 42, 125, 144, 236
cytology 176
test 39
test 241
Papanicolaou
grading 41, 41t
test 41, 41t, 176
Papillary
serous cystadenoma 81
vulvar hirsutism 349
Papillomatosis 349
Paracetamol 107
Paradidymis 73
Paramesonephric
cyst 80
duct 73
Parametritis 239
Paraovarian cyst 80
torsion 81
Parkinson disease 450, 454
Parovarium 72f
Partially imperforate hymen 108
Parts of
fallopian tubes 10, 10f
uterus 6, 7f, 8f
Pediculosis 255
pubis 291
Pelvic
abscesses 232, 238
adhesions 578
congestion syndrome 110, 577
examination 34, 138, 391
floor 15
electrical stimulation 452
exercises 183
muscle and stress urinary incontinence 446f
muscle training 448
fracture 446
infections 250
inflammatory disease 108, 127, 134, 155, 188, 205, 205f, 225, 227, 239, 253, 262, 459, 483, 576, 578, 584
injury 454
malignancy 196
muscle rehabilitation 451
organ 177
prolapse 165, 174, 611
pain 233, 574
peritoneum 25
peritonitis 227
pneumography 50
rest 195
sonography 138
ultrasound 108, 111
ureters 20
Pemphigus vulgaris 342
Penetrating pelvic trauma 196
Penicillium marneffei 271
Penis 70f, 72
Percutaneous
epididymal sperm aspiration 315, 330, 329
estrogen gel 99
Perimenopause 90
Perimetrium 9
Perinatal
death 334
transmission 267
Perineal
body 29
tear 438t
Perineoplasty 606
Perineum 3, 88
abnormalities 88
Peritoneal
closure 597
oocyte and sperm transfer 326
Peritoneum 377
Permanent methods 509
Persistent vaginal bleeding 607
Pessary 169
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome 346
Pfannenstiel incision 594
Phthirus pubis 255, 291
Phyllodes tumors 422
Piper methysticum 352
Placental polyp 362
Platelet-derived growth factor 355
Plication of round ligaments 158
Pneumocystis
carinii pneumonia 272
jiroveci 274
pneumonia 274
Polycystic ovarian
disease 123, 547
syndrome 119, 129, 297, 310, 320, 368, 566, 586f
Polymenorrhea 134, 369
Polypectomy 323
Polyps 301, 566
Position of
pelvic organs 4f
uterus 154
Positron emission tomography 54, 98
Postcoital
fertility test 45
test 45, 312
Posterior
cul-de-sac obliteration 377
repair 174
vaginal fornix 158f
wall prolapse 167
Post-inflammatory
hyperpigmentation 346
hypopigmentation 346
Postmenopausal
bleeding 150
hormone therapy 98
Postoperative failure 193
Postvoid residual volume 451
Pouch of Douglas 37, 60, 172, 238
Poxvirus 255
Precancerous cells 392
Precocious puberty 563, 566
Pregnancy 155, 527, 566
testing 328
Premature
birth 78
menopause 100, 339
ovarian failure 100
Premenarchal disorders 561
Premenopausal menorrhagia 142
Premenopause 90
Premenstrual
dysphoric disorder 98, 111, 113
syndrome 111, 419, 577
Preterm delivery 334
Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections 253f
Preventing
pelvic organ prolapse 182
urinary tract infections 460
Previous
ectopic pregnancy 301
pelvic surgery 175
Primary
amenorrhea 117, 118
central nervous system lymphoma 270
dysmenorrhea 105
fallopian tube carcinoma 410, 412, 412t
vaginismus 580
Principles of
chemotherapy 530
closure of peritoneum 597
immunotherapy 540
surgery 439
vesicovaginal fistula repair 190
Prior pelvic surgery 181
Proctoscopy 56, 60, 391
Progesterone 13, 548
Progestins 99
Progestogen 115, 146
contraceptives 107
only pill 497f
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy 272
Prolactinoma 122, 566
Prolapse of
rectum into vaginal wall 173f
urethra 171
urethral mucosa 566
Prophylactic cranial irradiation 519
Prostate 70, 70f
cancer 463
gland 72
Prostatic utricle 72
Prostatitis 463
Proteinuria 451
Pruritus vulva 572
Pseudofollicular salpingitis 215
Pseudolumps 418
Psoriasis 344, 345f
Psychological
distress 350
sex 469
Puberty menorrhagia 141
Pubic
hair 526
lice 291
Pubocervical ligament 10
Pulmonary infections 270
Pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone 319
Punch biopsy 391
Purified protein derivative 219
Pyogenic granuloma 349
Pyrazinamide 222, 223
Pyuria 451
Q
Quadruplets 334
R
Radiation
sources 525
therapy 196, 409
Radical hysterectomy 618
Radiofrequency ablation 359
Radiotherapy 518
techniques 521
Rash 283
Reactive arthritis 463
Rectal electroejaculation 329, 330
Rectocele 172, 173f
Rectovaginal
examination 37
fistula 197, 197f
Rectum 23, 72f, 395
Recurrent fistula formation 193
Reducing anxiety 250, 293
Referred pain 350
Regional chemotherapy 535
Reiter syndrome 265
Remains of Wolffian
duct 72f
tubes 72f
Removal of
ovarian cysts 56
vaginal epithelium and insertion of catheter 192f
Replication cycle of human immunodeficiency virus 269f
Results of three swab tests 189t
Rete
ovarii 73
testis 73
Retention of urine 454
Retrocessed uterus 154
Retrograde
menstruation 374
pyelography 196
Retroverted uterus 154, 155f, 158
Reversal of
sterilization 321
vasectomy 315
Rhythm method 488
Rifampicin 223
Rifampin 222
Right obliterated Wolffian duct 72f
Robotic-assisted abdominal sacrocolpopexy/sacrouteropexy 180
Round ligament 72f, 73
of uterus 27
Rupture 81
of tubo-ovarian abscess 576
S
Sacrocolpopexy 181
Sacrohysteropexy 179
Sacrospinous fixation 179, 181
Saline infusion
sonography 131
sonohysterography 145
Salmonella infection of bloodstream 272
Salpingectomy 210, 232, 616
Salpingitis 228, 228f
Salpingolysis 321
Salpingoscopy 56, 57
Salpingostomy 321
Sarcoma 390
botryoides 395
Sarcoptes scabiei 255
Scabies 255, 291
Schroeder disease 142
Scotoma 547
Scratches in vagina 243
Screening of
donors 337
recipient 337
Scrotum 70f, 72
Sebaceous gland hyperplasia 349
Seborrheic keratosis 348
Second
degree
tear 437
uterine prolapse 177f
layer suture 192
Secondary
amenorrhea 121
dysmenorrhea 107
fallopian tube carcinoma 412
infection 81
sexual characteristics in females 119f
vaginismus 581
Seizures 283
Selection of type of incision 596
Selective
estrogen receptor modulators 96, 97f
salpingography 322
serotonin reuptake inhibitors 98, 112, 114
Self-exploration of sexual anatomy 583
Semen analysis 306
Seminal
colliculus 73
vesicles 73
Seminiferous tubules 73
Sensation of vaginal fullness 160
Sepsis 527
Septal resorption 75
Septate
hymen 85, 86f
uterus 76, 77f
Septic
abortion 239
shock 227
Septicemia 227
Septoplasty 323
Septum 81
Serological tests 220
Serotonin deficiency 112
Serous cystadenocarcinoma 81
Sertoli-cell-only-syndrome 299
Severe
abdominal or pelvic pain 157
anemia 527
dyskaryosis 43
insulin resistance 587
oligospermia 336
uterine atony 162
Severely anteflexed uterus 154
Sex hormone-binding globulin 120
Sexual
contact 272
education 583
intercourse 605
organs of
female embryo 72f
male embryo 70f
relations 526
transmission 267
Sexually transmitted
disease 144, 205, 207, 227, 229, 254, 292, 346, 459, 483
infections 227, 253, 255t
Sheehan's syndrome 122
Shock 601
Shortening of vagina 193
Shortness of breath 409
Shoulder
blade
squeeze 434, 434f
stretch 433, 434, 434f
stretch 436f
Sigmoidoscopy 56, 60, 239, 396
Simple
bone screening 95
cystometry 451
fistulotomy 201
Sims' speculum 35, 188
Sims-Huhner test 45
Sites of origin of breast cancer 424f
Skene's
duct cyst 348
glands 236
Skin
graft 87
hair 526
Small
birth weight 334
bowel prolapse 173f
breast 415
cell carcinoma 398
Smooth muscle cell contraction 109
Solid benign tumors of ovary 364
Somatic nervous system 21
Sonohysterography 52, 52f, 131
Sources of
embryo donors 337
external radiation therapy 519
infection 562
internal radiation therapy 520
radiation therapy 519
Spasmodic dysmenorrhea 105
Sperm
collection 336
function tests 308
injection 336
washing and preparation 328
Spermicides 487
Sphincter
ani
externus 16
internus 16
muscle 446
urethral membrane 17
vaginae 17
Spinal cord
injuries 166, 175, 330
lesions 450
Spinnbarkeit 44
Spondyloarthropathies 463
Spongy part of urethra 70f
Spread of infection 251, 294
Squamous cell
carcinoma 342, 343, 389391, 394, 398
hyperplasia 344
Staging of
breast cancer 426t
primary fallopian tube carcinoma 410t
Staphylococcus aureus 225
Sterilization 509
Steroidal
contraception 496
devices 505
Steroids 243
Stillbirth rate 334
Stimulated emission of radiation 64
Streptococcus
agalactiae 206
faecalis 229
Stress 566
incontinence 445, 453
urinary incontinence 445
Stromal endometriosis 387
Structure of
bladder 19
fallopian tube 11
human immunodeficiency virus 266f
urinary bladder 19f
vagina 5
Subacute inversion 160
Subdermal implants 99
Submucosal fibroids 356
Submucous
fibroid 138
myomas 578
Subserosal fibroids 356
Subzonal insemination 326
Superficial
and deep layer muscles of pelvic floor 18f
muscle layer 16
transverse perineal muscle 16
Suppression of ovarian cycle 115
Surgical
menopause 90, 102
therapy 190, 200, 467
Surrogacy 339
Suture
placement 597
technique 597
Suturing deep layer in transverse axis 192f
Swelling of extremities 112
Swollen legs 409
Swyer's syndrome 478, 479
Symptoms of
menopause 93f
vulvitis 240
Syphilis 254, 255, 342
and HIV infection 256
Syringoma 348
Systemic
disease 342, 347
radiation therapy 519
T
Tamoxifen 317, 548
Technique of manual replacement 161f
Temporary methods 482
Teratospermia 314, 336
Teratozoospermia 299
Termination of urogenital sinus 69f
Testicle 70f
Testicular
biopsy 308
sperm
aspiration 329
extraction 315
Testis 69, 73
Testosterone 551
Thayer-Martin medium 263
Theory of Sampson 374
Thermal cauterization 605
Thinning of skin 587
Third degree tear 437
Threatened abortion 231
Three
paired peritoneal ligaments of uterus 10t
swab test 189
Thyroid 33
and adrenal dysfunction 121
dysfunction 566
function tests 132f
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone 119
Tibolone 99
Timing of
ICI 327
intrauterine insemination 328
Topoisomerase inhibitors 531
Total abdominal hysterectomy 102, 528, 608, 610
Toxoplasmosis 272
Tram flap 427
Transabdominal
sonography 50
ultrasound test 51
Transanal advancement flap repair 201
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation 107
Transdermal patch 99, 505
Transient incontinence 453
Transmission
methods 267
of chlamydia 264
Transmitted infections 253, 254
Transurethral resection of ejaculatory ducts 315
Transvaginal
color Doppler sonography 51
inversion repair 201
sonography 50, 51
ultrasound 111, 151
Transverse
section of ureter 20f
vaginal septum 81, 118
Traumatic fat necrosis 422
Treating
acne 371
anorgasmia 579
hair growth 370
period problems 371
prolapse of bladder and urethra 171
vaginal vault prolapse 181
vaginismus 583
Treatment of
abnormal uterine bleeding 134t
infertility 313, 382
leukorrhea 572
osteoporosis 94
precancerous cells 392
Treponema pallidum 254, 255
Trichomonas vaginalis 39, 234, 255, 290, 562, 573
Trichomoniasis 235, 290
vaginitis 245, 272
True gonadal intersex 469, 474
Tubal
adhesions 232
damage 321
disease 330
factor infertility 326
ligation 511f
surgery 321
Tubercular cervicitis 138
Tuberculosis 272
Tuberculosis of
cervix 216
ovaries 216
pelvis 214
uterus 215
vulva 217
Tuberculous peritonitis 217
Tubo-ovarian abscesses 232, 364
Tubular structure of Wolffian body 69f
Tumor 166, 301, 463
node-metastasis 399
Tunica
adventitia 20
mucosa 21
muscularis 20
Turner's syndrome 118, 120, 475, 476f, 478
Twisted ovarian cysts 576
Two
round ligaments 28
uterosacral ligaments 27
Types of
bleeding 138
cancer 391t
delivery 334
emergency contraceptive pills 515
endometritis 225
fibroids 357f
hysterectomy 607
infections 255
non-neoplastic cysts 362
repair 191
salpingitis 229
steroidal contraception 496f
tuberculosis salpingitis 215
vaginal infections 242
Typical stages of brachytherapy procedure 522f
U
Ulcers 177, 392
of vulva 342t
Ultrasound
examination transvaginal sonogram 577
imaging of uterus 386
scan 310, 312
scanning of scrotum 308
Umbilical scar 384
Undescended testis 298
Undetermined intersex disorders of sexual development 474
Unexplained infertility 305, 315, 325, 330, 336
Unicornuate uterus 75f, 76
Unstriped muscular fibers 27
Upper
respiratory infections 113
vesicourethral part 66
Urachus 70f, 72f
Ureaplasma urealyticum 225, 229
Ureter 70f, 72f, 186
Ureterocervical fistula 186
Ureterouterine fistula 186
Ureterovaginal fistula 186, 189, 196
Urethra 21, 186, 350, 395
except navicular fossa 72
Urethral
and paraurethral glands 72
caruncle 138, 466
opening 2
Urethritis 290, 463
Urethrocele 171
Urethrovaginal fistula 186, 188f, 189, 195
Urge incontinence 449, 453
Urinary
bladder 18, 72
incontinence 443, 453
retention 601, 608, 612
tract
calculi 576
infection 36, 177, 231, 443, 455, 457, 484, 576
urethra 72
Urine
culture and sensitivity test 38
dip-stick 309
sample 455
collection for urine culture and sensitivity test 38
Urodynamic tests 455
Uroflowmetry 451
Urogenital
fistulas 186
folds 72
opening 67
sinus 72
Use of
clomiphene 317
intrauterine device 138
progesterone 548
progestin-only contraceptives 138
Uterine 136
abscess formation 227
artery embolization 359
bleeding 142, 143
contractions 229
fibroid 355f, 556, 602
hernia syndrome 478
inversion 158
malformations 74
polyp 138, 302, 360
problems 300, 301, 323
prolapse 167, 174, 607
rupture 162
tube superiorly 27
tumors 151
ultrasound 144
Uterosacral ligament 10, 575
Uterovaginal
canal 315
prolapse 81
Uterus 6, 72f
V
Vagina 72, 72f, 213, 350
Vaginal
abnormalities 81
adenocarcinoma 395
agenesis 85
births 199
bleeding 160, 398, 549, 563
cancer 394
carcinoma 394
cream 99
cuff excision 193
discharge 108, 182, 233, 243, 526
dryness 101
epithelium 5
examination 108, 160, 219
germ cell tumors 395
hysterectomy 179, 610, 612
infections 244, 245, 443, 575
intraepithelial neoplasia 64, 394, 396
introitus 344
irritation 443
leukorrhea 570
opening 3
operations 593
pessary 178
prolapse 167
repair 170
ring 507
septum 81, 108
spasm 305
ultrasound guided egg collection 333
vault
prolapse 167, 180, 180f
suspension 179
wall 172
weight training 451
yeast infections 242
Vaginismus 305, 580, 581f
involuntary tightness 580f
Vaginitis 177, 242, 290
Vaginoplasty 87
Vaginoscopy 562
Valsalva maneuver 195, 452
Vaporization of pelvic endometriosis 64
Varicocele ligation 314
Varicose veins 110
in pelvis 584
Vas
aberrans 70f
deferens 70f
Vascular
bulb 72f
ectopy of cervix 138
endothelial growth factor 355
Vasectomy 513f
Vasogram 308
Vault prolapse 167
Vecchietti procedure 87
Vein open 594
Venereal disease research laboratory 38
test 209, 230
Venous drainage 6, 9, 13, 21
Ventral aspect of penis 72
Verrucous carcinoma 390
Vertical
incision 596
uterus 154
Vesicocervical fistula 186, 193
Vesicourethral portion 69
Vesicourethrovaginal fistula 186
Vesicouterine fistula 186, 193
Vesicovaginal fistula 186, 188f, 189
Vesicula seminalis 70f
Vestibular bulbs 3
Viral
gastroenteritis 231
hepatitis 245, 255, 287
vaginitis 242
Vitiligo 345
Vomiting 106, 233, 283, 538
Von Willebrand's disease 129
Vulva 2f, 72f, 213
Vulval
cancer 392, 393
carcinoma 389
melanoma 390
Vulvar
cancer 528
dermatoses 350
hygiene 562
intraepithelial neoplasia 64, 390
nevi 346
pain syndrome 349
ulcer 346, 347
ulceration 347
vestibulitis syndrome 350, 351
Vulvitis 240
Vulvodynia 350, 352
Vulvovaginal candidiasis 242
Vulvovaginitis 235, 242, 463, 561
W
Wand exercise 433, 433f
Water and blue staining tests 199
Weakened immune system 41, 243
Weight
gain 112
loss 218
blood
cells 37, 208, 230, 460
count 592
lesions of vulva 345
Wolffian
cyst 80
duct 67, 69f
remnant abnormalities 80
Wound infection 601
X
Xeromammography 63
Y
Yeast infections 242
Yellow-green, pruritic, frothy foul-smelling vaginal discharge 290
Z
Ziehl-Neelsen stain 220
Zoledronic acid 102
Zygote intrafallopian transfer 325, 326
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