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First Edition: 2015

Professor Rajendra Prasad is a nationally-acclaimed chest physician and tuberculosis expert, possessing over 3 decades’ illustrious teaching, research and administrative experience with proven excellence in quality patient care. Apart from being a clinician par excellence, he is also a very popular medical teacher in pulmonary medicine. He is currently the Director of Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, New Delhi. He has earlier served as Professor and Head, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India and Director, UP Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has devoted all his energy in promoting medical education, patient care and research. Professor Prasad's contribution in the field of tuberculosis and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are widely acclaimed. He took keen interest in Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP) since its inception. His dynamic leadership in academic and administrative areas has earned him a large number of awards from various international and national scientific societies.

I look upon tuberculosis as a 100% curable disease throughout the 40 years of my clinical practice in pulmonary medicine, provided adequate regimen is prescribed by doctor and taken by patients. Practically, there should be no relapse, drug resistance and death. However, tuberculosis still continues to be the world's most important infectious cause of morbidity and mortality. Globally, nearly 9 million people develop tuberculosis disease every year and 1.4 million die every year with tuberculosis. In India, nearly 2 million people develop tuberculosis and 0.3 million people are dying every year. It is a cause for concern as India stands first in terms of absolute number of cases closely followed by China. Drug-resistant tuberculosis has been reported since the early days of introduction of anti-TB chemotherapy but multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and more recently extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has been an area of growing concern and is posing threat to global efforts of eradication of tuberculosis.

I wish to acknowledge my indebtedness to a number of people who significantly contributed to the publication of this book. The individual to whom I would like to acknowledge first is Professor BK Khanna, who, as a Head of the Department of Tuberculosis at the King George's Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, while I was a postgraduate student in that department, markedly stimulated my interest in tuberculosis. Professor BK Khanna's own tremendous knowledge and wisdom in the field of tuberculosis, especially drug-resistant tuberculosis, set an example of thoughtfulness and meticulousness, which I have always tried to emulate. I am also indebted to Professor PK Mukherjee, Dr J Nath, Late Dr MS Agnihotri and Late Dr Jafar Jameel, for their great inspiration as a teacher during my postgraduate days. I am greatly indebted to the many postgraduate students who have been trained with me in the department at King George's Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India and Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, New Delhi, especially Dr Sanjay Verma, Dr Kiran Vishnu Narayan, Dr Suneesh C Anand, Dr Giridhar BH, Dr Abhijeet, Dr Jabeed P, Dr Saheer S, Dr Abhishek Agrawal, Dr Shailendra Singh, Dr Mandeep Singh, Dr Pawan Gupta. The efforts of these students are in part responsible for generating much of the data that can be incorporated in making the chapters in the book more evidence-based.