Vol. 4
Editors Anil K Lalwani MD
Professor and Vice-Chair for Research Director, Division of Otology, Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery Director, Columbia Cochlear Implant Center Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons Medical Director of Perioperative Services New York Presbyterian—Columbia University Medical Center
New York, NY, USA
Markus HF Pfister MD MBA
Associate Professor of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Affiliated with Klinik St Anna, Lucerne, Hirslanden Group HNO Sarnen, Switzerland Swisstinnitus, Switzerland Kantonsspital Obwalden Hirslanden Klinik Meggen,
Switzerland
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Recent Advances in Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
Ist Edition: 2015
9789351525349
Printed at
5Dedicated to
My parents—Madan and Gulab Lalwani My in-laws—Rikhab and Ratan Bhansali
My children—Nikita and Sahil
And, most specially to my wife—Renu Bhansali Lalwani
A wonderful partner, friend, mother, community activist and the smartest internist I know!
This book is also dedicated to Okla Basil Meade and the Anton EB Schefer Foundation for their commitment to supporting research in Otolaryngology that make advances possible—the focus of this book.
Finally, this book is dedicated to Joe Watts, MD, a warm, compassionate, and inspirational physician, surgeon, and teacher—a role model to all Otolaryngologist—Head and Neck Surgeons.
Anil K Lalwani
My parents—Ingeborg and Hermann Pfister
My brother and sister—Stefan and Andrea
And, most specially to my beloved Doris
A wonderful partner and my center of inspiration.
7International Editorial Board
- Head and Neck
- William I Wei MD
- Hong Kong, China
- Patrick J Gullane MD
- Toronto, Canada
- Anil K D'Cruz MD
- Mumbai, India,
- Ashok Shaha MD
- New York, USA
- Facial Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery
- Fazil Apadyin MD
- Izmir, Turkey
- Pietro Palma MD
- Milan, Italy
- Peter Lohuis MD
- Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Holger G Gassner MD
- Regensburg, Germany
- Paolo Castelnuovo MD
- Varese, Italy
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Marci Lesperance MD
- Ann Arbor, USA
- Anne Pitkaranta MD
- Helsinki, Finland
- Thomas P Nikolopoulos MD
- Athens, Greece
- Sanjay Parikh MD
- Seattle, USA
- Otology and Neurotology
- Robert Vincent MD
- Béziers, France
- Masafumi Sakagami MD
- Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Chong Sun Kim MD
- Seoul, South Korea
- Ramesh C Deka MD
- New Delhi, India
- Maurizio Barbara MD
- Rome, Italy
- Jussi Jero MD
- Helsinki, Finland
- Abdulrahman Hagr MD
- Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Rhinology
- Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen MD
- Barcelona, Spain
- Antje Welge-Luessen MD
- Basel, Switzerland
- Tim Smith MD
- Portland, USA
- T Metin Onerci MD
- Ankara, Turkey
- Abel-Jan Tasman MD
- St Gallen, Switzerland
- Laryngology
- Albert L Merati MD
- Seattle, USA
- Mark Courey MD
- San Francisco, USA
- Robert H Ossoff MD
- Nashville, USA
- Sibylle Brosch MD
- Maurizio Barbara MD PhD
- Head Otolaryngology Unit
- NESMOS Department
- Sapienza University
- Rome, Italy
- Achim Georg Beule MD PhD
- Consultant, Department of Otorhinolaryngology—
- Head and Neck Surgery
- W-Rathenau
- Greifswald, Germany
- John Boyd MD
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Division of Critical Care Medicine
- St. Paul's Hospital
- Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Hamad Chaudhary MD MS
- Chief Resident
- Henry Ford Hospital
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Sivakumar Chinnadurai MD MPH
- Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Alexander G Chiu MD
- Professor and Chair, Department of Otolaryngology— Head and Neck Surgery
- University of Arizona
- Arizona, USA
- Joseph C Clarke MD
- Resident
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
- University of Iowa
- 200 Hawkins Blvd
- Iowa City, Iowa
- Edoardo Covelli MD
- Otolaryngology Unit
- NESMOS Department
- Sapienza University
- Rome, Italy
- Roland D Eavey MD SM
- Director
- Vanderbilt Bill Wilkersen Center for Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences Guy M. Maness
- Professor and Chair
- Department of Otolaryngology
- Executive Medical Director
- Vanderbilt Employee Health Plan
- Tamer A Ghanem MD PhD
- Chief of the Division of Head and Neck Cancer Surgery
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Henry Ford Medical Group
- Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Giorgi Gogniashvili MD PhD
- New Hospitals
- ENT Department
- Tbilisi, Georgia
- Specialist Consultant for Allergology and Immunology
- Department of Rheumatology
- Immunology and Allergology
- Inselspital
- University Bern/Switzerland
- Private Practice
- Loewenpraxis Lucerne/Switzerland
- Douglas K Henstrom MD FACS
- Assistant Professor
- Director
- Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Facial Nerve Center
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
- University of Iowa
- 200 Hawkins Blvd
- Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Carlo Iacolucci MD
- Otolaryngology Unit
- NESMOS Department
- Sapienza University
- Rome, Italy
- Chandra M Ivey MD FACS
- Assistant Clinical Professor of Laryngology
- Department of Otolaryngology
- Head and Neck Surgery
- Icahn School of Medicine
- Mount Sinai Medical Center
- New York, New York, USA
- Paul R Kileny PhD CCC-A FASHA F-AAA BCS IOM
- Professor
- University of Michigan Medical School
- Academic Program
- Director, Audiology and Electrophysiology Otolaryngology
- Head and Neck Surgery
- University of Michigan Health System
- Michigan, USA
- George Korres MD (Greece) BSc (Hons) Microbial and Molecular Biology (UK) PhD (Greece)
- ENT Specialist
- Attikon Hospital
- University of Athens
- 2nd ENT Department
- Anil K Lalwani MD
- Professor and Vice-Chair for Research
- Director
- Division of Otology Neurotology and Skull Base Surgery
- Director
- Columbia Cochlear Implant Center
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
- Medical Director of Perioperative Services
- New York Presbyterian—Columbia University Medical Center
- New York, New York, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology
- Columbia University
- New York, New York, USA
- Jivianne T Lee MD
- Founder & Co-Director
- Orange County Sinus Institute SCPMG, Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles
- Adam Linder MD
- Department of Clinical Sciences
- Lund University
- Lund, Sweden
- Marcus M Maassen MD
- Professor of Otolaryngology—
- Head and Neck Surgery
- University of Tuebingen
- Germany Affiliated with Hirslanden Klinik Meggen and Kantonsspital Obwalden, Sarnen, Switzerland, HNO-Center Luzern
- Hünenbergstr-1., 6006 Luzern Switzerland
- Gregory R Mannarelli AuD CCC-A F-AAA BCS-IOM
- Audiology and Electrophysiology
- Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System
- Michigan, USA
- Elina Matti MD
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology
- University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS
- Policlinico San Matteo
- Viale Golgi 19
- 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Gunter Mlynski MD PhD
- Alte Dorfstr. 25
- 17406 Stolpe auf Usedom
- Michigan, USA
- Jason A Moche MD FACS
- Director
- Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Assistant Professor
- Department of
- Otolaryngology
- Columbia University
- New York, New York, USA
- Simonetta Monini MD
- Otolaryngology Unit
- NESMOS Department
- Sapienza University
- Rome, Italy
- Scott Russell Owen MD
- Resident Physician, R4
- Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
- Iowa, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology
- University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS, Policlinico San Matteo
- Viale Golgi 19, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Markus HF Pfister MD MBA
- Associate Professor of Otolaryngology— Head & Neck Surgery
- Affiliated with Klinik St Anna, Lucerne, Hirslanden Group
- HNO Sarnen, Switzerland
- Swisstinnitus, Switzerland
- Kantonsspital Obwalden
- Hirslanden Klinik, Meggen, Switzerland
- Alessandro Pusateri MD
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology
- University of Pavia and Foundation IRCCS
- Policlinico San Matteo
- Viale Golgi 19
- Pavia, Italy
- Scott M Rickert MD FACS
- Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology
- Pediatrics, and Plastic Surgery
- New York University School of Medicine
- New York, New York, USA
- Eduardo D Rodriguez MD DDS
- Chair
- Department of Plastic Surgery
- Director
- Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
- Helen L Kimmel Professor of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
- NYU Langone Medical Center
- New York, New York, USA
- James A Russell MD
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Division of Critical Care Medicine
- St. Paul's Hospital
- Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Ashok R Shaha MD
- 1275 York Ave. C1076
- New York, New York, USA
- Michael Sosin MD
- Research Fellow
- Department of Plastic Surgery
- Institute of Reconstructive Plastic Surgery
- NYU Langone Medical Center
- Research Fellow
- Division of Plastic, Reconstructive
- and Maxillofacial Surgery
- R Adams Cowely Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center
- Maryland, USA
- Professor
- Audiology and Speech Pathology in Otolaryngology at CUMC
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons
- New York, New York, USA
- Scott J Stephan MD
- Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
- David Sweet MD
- Department of Emergency Medicine
- Vancouver General Hospital
- Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Robert Vincent MD
- Causse Ear Clinic - Béziers (France)
- Luigi Volpini MD
- Otolaryngology Unit
- NESMOS Department
- Sapienza, University
- Rome, Italy
- Keith R Walley MD
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation
- Division of Critical Care Medicine
- St. Paul's Hospital
- Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Claus Walter MD
- Professor of Otolaryngology
- Retired Professor University of Texas School of Medicine at San Antonio
- Retired Professor of the University of Bonn
- Germany, General Plastic Surgeon
- HNO-Center Luzern
- Hünenbergstr. 1
- 6006 Luzern, Switzerland
- Laura Y Wang MBBS
- 504 E89th st, #3b
Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery is a dynamic medical and surgical specialty characterized by rapid advances in its scientific foundation and of its therapeutic armamentarium. Simultaneously, there are novel technical and technological innovations that positively impact on patient care. Consequently, Otolaryngology is constantly evolving as new knowledge comes forth and new technologies become available. Recent examples of advances in Otolaryngology include facial transplantation for the treatment of disfigured face, minimally invasive therapy for the aging face, surgical rehabilitation of the paralyzed face, robotic surgery in head and neck cancer, cochlear implantation for single sided deafness, among others. The challenge for the busy clinician in the 21st century is to remain abreast of these ever expanding body of knowledge, surgical techniques, diagnostic test, imaging technology, and prosthetics, while deeply immersed in their clinical practice. Ironically, this has become even more difficult with the explosion of technologies designed to put information at one's fingertips. This annual periodical, Recent Advances in Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, covering all the subspecialties of Otolaryngology, is designed to make it easy for the clinician to keep current with what is new. Due to its rapid publication cycle, the material is current, topical, and immediately relevant to the clinician. Reviews emphasize clear artwork rendered in color to convey new concepts and surgical approaches. We have assembled an outstanding international editorial board to assist us in this exciting project. Similarly, invited authors are leaders in the field and have made seminal contributions in their topics. We hope that you will enjoy reading this 4th Volume as much as we have enjoyed assembling it.
Anil K Lalwani
17Acknowledgments
We would like to thank Ms Chetna Malhotra Vohra, Associate Director and Sheetal Arora, Development Editor at M/s Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India for their assistance with the 4th Volume of Recent Advances in Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery.