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Yearbook of Anesthesiology-4 Raminder Sehgal, Anjan Trikha, Baljit Singh

CHAPTER 1:Anesthetic Management of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- INTRODUCTION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
  - Effect of OSA on Other Body Systems
- PREANESTHETIC EVALUATION
- ASSESSING THE PERIOPERATIVE RISK AS PER GRADE AND SEVERITY OF OSA
- SURGERY AND OTHER MEASURES ADVOCATED FOR HELPING PATIENTS WITH OSA
- ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUE
- DAYCARE (AMBULATORY) SURGERY AND OSA PATIENT
- OSA IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS
CHAPTER 2:Anesthetic Implications of Implantable Cardiac Devices
- INTRODUCTION
- PACEMAKER CODES
- TERMINOLOGY USED IN PACEMAKERS (FIGS 2.1 AND 2.2)
- PREANESTHETIC EVALUATION AND PACEMAKER REPROGRAMMING
- INTRAOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF A PATIENT WITH PACEMAKER
- SPECIAL PROCEDURES IN PATIENTS WITH IMPLANTABLE GENERATORS
- METHODS TO MINIMIZE ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE WITH PACEMAKERS
- EFFECT OF APPLICATION OF MAGNET ON PACEMAKER FUNCTION
- IMPLANTED CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR (ICD) (FIGS 2.3A AND B)
  - Indications for AICD
- PREANESTHETIC EVALUATION AND IMPLANTED CARDIOVERTER
- CARDIAC RESYNCHRONISATION THERAPY
- INTRAOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ICD
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 3:One Lung Anesthesia in Children
- INTRODUCTION
- PHYSIOLOGY OF ONE LUNG ANESTHESIA
- PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT AND PREPARATION
  - Preoperative Preparation
- ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT
- TECHNIQUES OF LUNG ISOLATION
- POSTOPERATIVE CARE
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 4:New Mechanical Ventilation Strategies in ARDS
- INTRODUCTION
- BABY LUNG CONCEPT
- ARDS: PROBLEMS AND CONCERNS DURING MECHANICAL VENTILATION
- TITRATING POSITIVE END EXPIRATORY PRESSURE
- PRONE POSITIONING
- ADVANCED MODES
  - Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV)
  - High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV)
- RESCUE METHODS
  - Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenator (ECMO)
  - Nonventilatory Modalities for ARDS
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 5:Implications of Diastolic Dysfunction in Anesthetic Practice
- INTRODUCTION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- ETIOLOGY
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- DIAGNOSIS
- MANAGEMENT OF DHF
  - Initial Management of Acute Decompensated DHF
  - Long-term Management of Chronic Diastolic Heart Failure
- ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF A PATIENT WITH DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 6:Anesthesia for Liposuction
- INTRODUCTION
- LIPOSUCTION TECHNIQUES
- WETTING SOLUTIONS
  - Local Anesthetics
  - Adjuvants to Local Anesthetics
- ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS
- PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
- ANESTHESIA TECHNIQUE
- POSTOPERATIVE FOLLOW-UP
- COMPLICATIONS
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 7:Perioperative Fluid Therapy: Current Concepts
- INTRODUCTION
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF FLUID COMPARTMENTS
- PERIOPERATIVE ISSUES AFFECTING FLUID MANAGEMENT
- FLUID BALANCE
- CAPILLARY TISSUE FLUID DYNAMICS
- CHOICE OF FLUIDS
- GOALS OF FLUID REPLACEMENT
- FLUID MANAGEMENT IN ELECTIVE SURGERY
- STRUCTURED APPROACH TO FLUID MANAGMENT IN SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES
- GOAL-DIRECTED THERAPY
- CURRENT CONCEPTS
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 8:Anesthesia for Renal Transplant
- INTRODUCTION
- PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT
- PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION
- ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT
  - Positioning and Monitoring
- PHARMACOLOGY OF ANESTHETIC MEDICINES
- INTRAVENOUS FLUID THERAPY AND CVP
- CARE OF THE ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA (AV FISTULA)
- ORGAN ISCHEMIA
- REPERFUSION ISSUES
- MONITORING EARLY GRAFT FUNCTION
- POSTOPERATIVE CARE
- ABO AND RH INCOMPATIBLE TRANSPLANTATION
- ROBOTIC RENAL TRANSPLANTATION
CHAPTER 9:Point-of-care Coagulation Testing
- INTRODUCTION
  - Advantages of POCCT
  - Disadvantages of POCCT
- VISCOELASTIC COAGULATION POCT DEVICES
  - Thromboelastography (TEG)
    - Measurement of Values
    - Use of TEG as a Guide to Therapy
  - Thromboelastometry (TEM)
- TESTING OF PLATELET FUNCTIONS
- TESTS FOR COAGULATION FACTORS
- TESTS FOR HEPARIN
- SONOCLOT ANALYSIS
- COST EFFECTIVENESS
- CONCERNS REGARDING POCT
- SUMMARY
CHAPTER 10:Anesthesia for Fetal Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- TYPES OF FETAL SURGERIES
- INDICATIONS FOR FETAL SURGERY
  - Medically Necessary Fetal Surgery
  - Investigational Fetal Surgery
- RELEVANT PHARMACOKINETICS AND DYNAMICS
  - Placental Transfer of Drugs
  - Individual Drugs
- MATERNAL ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS
- FETAL ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS
- ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF OPEN FETAL SURGERY
  - Goals of Anesthesia
  - Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation
- FETAL ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY
  - Anesthesia Plan
  - Fetal Image-guided Surgery
- EX-UTERO INTRAPARTUM TREATMENT (EXIT) PROCEDURE
  - Anesthesia Plan
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 11:Anesthesia in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Suite
- INTRODUCTION
- IMPLICATIONS OF THE STRONG MAGNETIC FIELD
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE SCANNERS
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE FIELD COMPATIBILITY
- OTHER PROBLEMS IN RADIOLOGY SUITE
- QUENCHING: THE HELIUM ESCAPE
- CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR MRI
- IMPORTANT EQUIPMENT IN MRI SUITE
  - MRI Compatible Anesthesia Machine
  - Infusion Pumps
- BURN INJURIES
- BASIC ANESTHESIA TECHNIQUE: MRI SUITE REQUIREMENTS
- INTRAOPERATIVE MRI
CHAPTER 12:Brachial Plexus Block Revisited
- INTRODUCTION
- BRACHIAL PLEXUS ANATOMY
- APPROACHES TO THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS
- CLINICAL EVALUATION OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS BLOCKADE: TEST OF 4 PS
- TECHNIQUES TO BLOCK BRACHIAL PLEXUS
- ADJUNCT NERVE BLOCKS
CHAPTER 13:Implantable Pain Therapy Devices for Chronic and Cancer Pain Management
- INTRODUCTION
- SPINAL CORD STIMULATION
- PERIPHERAL NERVE STIMULATION
- CONTINUOUS INTRATHECAL DRUG DELIVERY PUMP (IDDP)
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 14:Iatrogenic Hyponatremia
- INTRODUCTION
- SODIUM AND WATER PHYSIOLOGY10–15
- CAUSES OF HYPONATREMIA
- WATER INTOXICATION OR TURP SYNDROME
- TREATMENT GUIDE FOR PERIOPERATIVE HYPONATREMIA62
- ANESTHESIA AND TURP SYNDROME66,67
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 15:Newer Opioids in Anesthesia Practice
- INTRODUCTION
- MODE OF ACTION OF OPIOIDS
- NEWER OPIOIDS
- NEWER MODES OF DELIVERY
- UPDATE ON HYDROMORPHONE
- UPDATE ON OXYCODONE
- UPDATE ON THE USE OF HYDROCODONE
- TRANSDERMAL FENTANYL
  - Fentanyl Iontophoretic Transdermal Patches
  - Application Sites and Precautions for the Patches
- OBSTETRICS AND OPIOIDS
- GENETICS AND OPIOIDS
- GENETICS AND LABOR ANALGESIA
- DRUGS IN DEVELOPMENT
  - Kappa-Opioid Agonists
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16:Role of Nitrous Oxide in Modern Day Anesthesia
- INTRODUCTION
- ADVANTAGES OF NITROUS OXIDE
- DISADVANTAGES
  - Wound Infection
  - Greenhouse Gas Effects
CHAPTER 17:Recent Developments in the Management of Obstetric Hemorrhage
- INTRODUCTION
- ANTEPARTUM HEMORRHAGE
- POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE
- GOALS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MASSIVE OBSTETRIC HEMORRHAGE
- COAGULATION STUDIES
- MANAGING COAGULOPATHY
- ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT
- IMPROVING INTERDISCIPLINARY COMMUNICATION
CHAPTER 18:Monitoring Issues in Spine Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- TRANSCRANIAL MOTOR-EVOKED POTENTIALS (TCMEPS)
- SOMATOSENSORY-EVOKED POTENTIALS (SSEP)
- SPONTANEOUS ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
  - Advantages of Spontaneous EMG
  - Disadvantages of Spontaneous EMG
- TRIGGERED ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
- NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES
- DIRECT SPINAL CORD STIMULATION
- ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS
- SPECIFIC MONITORING
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 19:Environmental Issues in the Operation Theater
- INTRODUCTION
- OPERATION THEATER DESIGNING
- MATERIALS MANAGEMENT
- INFECTION CONTROL
CHAPTER 20:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: What is New?
- INTRODUCTION
- MECHANISM OF EMESIS
- NEW INFORMATION ON PONV RISK FACTORS
- RISK SCORE FOR PONV
  - Attenuating Baseline Risk Factors for PONV
- RECENT INFORMATION ON ANTIEMETICS
- STRATEGIES THAT LACK OR HAVE LIMITED EVIDENCE OF EFFECT
- NONPHARMACOLOGIC PROPHYLAXIS
- CONSENSUS GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PONV 2014
CHAPTER 21:Ultrasound in Anesthesia Practice
- INTRODUCTION
- LEARNING CURVE FOR ULTRASOUND GUIDANCE
- PERIPHERAL NERVE BLOCKS
- NEURAXIAL BLOCK
- ABDOMINAL ULTRASOUND
- PERIPHERAL VENOUS ACCESS
- DAYCARE SURGERY
- ARTERIAL CANNULATION
- CENTRAL VENOUS ACCESS
- CARDIAC OUTPUT ASSESSMENT
- ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE POSITION
- RESPIRATORY COMPLICATIONS
- AIRWAY ASSESSMENT
- ASSESSMENT OF GASTRIC VOLUME
- THORACIC ULTRASOUND
- OTHER USES
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 22:Anesthesia for Carotid Endarterectomy
- INTRODUCTION
- SURGICAL PROCEDURE
  - Shunting
- ANESTHETIC GOALS FOR CEA
- LOCAL VERSUS GENERAL ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUE FOR CEA
- LOCAL ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES
- MANAGEMENT OF REGIONAL ANESTHESIA
- GENERAL ANESTHESIA
- POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 23:Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
- INTRODUCTION
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- CLINICAL FEATURES
- TYPES OF NONCARDIOGENIC PULMONARY EDEMA
- TREATMENT
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 24:Anesthetic Implications in a Patient with Burn Injury
- INTRODUCTION
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BURNS RELEVANT TO ANESTHESIA
- PREOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT
- INTRAOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT
- MANAGEMENT OF BURN PAIN
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 25:Journal Scan
- ABSTRACT
- COMMENTARY
- REFERENCES
- ABSTRACT
- COMMENTARY
- REFERENCES
- ABSTRACT
- COMMENTARY
- REFERENCES
- ABSTRACT
- COMMENTARY

INDEX

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