Index

Screening in Obstetrics & Gynecology: Management of Abnormality Alka Pandey, Navneet Magon

CHAPTER 1:Maternal Red Blood Cell Group and Antibody Screen
- INTRODUCTION
  - Rh Antigens
- OTHER RED CELL ANTIBODIES
  - Fetomaternal Bleed
  - Prevention of RhD Alloimmunization with Anti-D Immunoglobulin
- CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN AN AT-RISK RHD NEGATIVE PREGNANCY
  - The Alloimmunized Pregnancy
CHAPTER 2:Antepartum Assessment of Hemoglobin, Hematocrit and Serum Ferritin
- INTRODUCTION
- SUPPLEMENTATION TO PREVENT ANEMIA
- TREATMENT OF ANEMIA
- PARENTERAL IRON
- BLOOD TRANSFUSION
  - Indications of Blood Transfusion for Anemia in Pregnancy
- DELIVERY CARE
CHAPTER 3:Asymptomatic Bacteriuria
- ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA DURING PREGNANCY
- ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA IN NON-PREGNANT PATIENTS
CHAPTER 4:Screening for Hepatitis A, B, C and E during Pregnancy
- INTRODUCTION
- HEPATITIS B VIRUS
- HEPATITIS C VIRUS
  - Indications for HCV Screening in Pregnancy
- HEPATITIS E VIRUS
- HEPATITIS A VIRUS
CHAPTER 5:First Trimester Screening for Fetal Aneuploidy
- INTRODUCTION
- BACKGROUND RISK
- NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY
- SERUM BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS
  - Additional First Trimester Sonographic Markers
- REPORTING RISKS
- NONINVASIVE PRENATAL TESTING (NIPT)
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 6:Genetic Sonogram
- DEFINITION AND BACKGROUND
- SONOGRAPHIC MARKERS FOR DOWN SYNDROME (TRISOMY 21)
- SENSITIVITY OF MARKER DETECTION
- SIGNIFICANCE OF INDIVIDUAL MARKERS
- TRISOMY 18 (EDWARD SYNDROME)
- TRISOMY 13 (PATAU SYNDROME)
- TURNER SYNDROME (XO)
- TRIPLOIDY
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 7:Ultrasound Detection of Structural Abnormalities in the First Trimester: Always Detectable 9
- INTRODUCTION
- HEAD AND BRAIN
- ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL DEFECTS
  - Physiological Gut Herniation
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 8:Thrombophilia in Pregnancy
- INTRODUCTION
  - Pregnancy a Prothrombotic State
- MECHANISMS OF ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOPHILIA
- CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 9:Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
- INTRODUCTION
- RELEVANCE IN INDIA
- DEFINITION
- DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
- GLYCEMIC GOALS IN PREGNANCY
- MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY
  - Oral Hypoglycemic Agents
  - Insulin
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 10:Fundal Height Measurement
- INTRODUCTION
- TECHNIQUE OF SYMPHYSIO-FUNDAL HEIGHT MEASUREMENT
- DETECTION OF INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION AND SMALL-FOR-GESTATIONAL AGE
- TIMING AND FREQUENCY OF SYMPHYSIS FUNDAL HEIGHT MEASUREMENT
- PATIENT SELECTION
- METHOD OF MEASURING
- RECORDING
- FURTHER EVALUATION
- ESTIMATION OF BIRTH WEIGHT AND GESTATIONAL AGE
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 11:Management of Fetal Growth Restriction by Doppler Velocimetry
- DEFINITIONS
  - Fetal Growth Restriction
- INTRODUCTION
- INDICES FOR UNDERSTANDING FETAL HEMODYNAMICS
- CHANGES IN THE VASCULATURE
- PREDICTION OF PREECLAMPSIA AND FGR
  - Uterine Artery Doppler Measurement
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12:Fetal Growth Restriction
- INTRODUCTION
- DEFINITIONS
- ETIOLOGY
- SCREENING
  - Risk Factors
  - Clinical Examination
- DIAGNOSIS
- MANAGEMENT
- SURVEILLANCE
- TIMING OF DELIVERY
- MODE OF DELIVERY
- NEONATAL EFFECTS
- LONG TERM EFFECTS
- PREVENTION
CHAPTER 13:Screening for Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Delivery
- INTRODUCTION
- NUMERICAL SCORING
  - Risk Factors for Preterm Birth
- BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS
- CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 14:Screening for Fetal Hypoxia
- INTRODUCTION
- ANTEPARTUM ASSESSMENT
- INTRAPARTUM FETAL ASSESSMENT
CHAPTER 15:Screening in Menopause
- INTRODUCTION
- OBESITY
  - Prevention of Obesity and Insulin Resistance
- CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
- RISK ASSESSMENT TOOLS
  - Heart Attack Risk Calculator19
  - Framingham Risk Score
- OSTEOPOROSIS AND ARTHRITIS
- OSTEOARTHRITIS
- COGNITIVE DECLINE AND DEMENTIA
  - Screening for Cognitive Function35
- SCREENING FOR CANCERS
- METABOLIC SYNDROME
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16:Screening Tests in Contraceptive Users
- SCREENING TESTS IN CONTRACEPTIVE USERS
CHAPTER 17:Genetic Predisposition to Gynecological and Breast Cancers
- INTRODUCTION
  - Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC)
- GENETIC COUNSELING
- MANAGEMENT OF HBOC SYNDROME
- REPRODUCTIVE OPTIONS
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 18:Screening for Cervical Cancer
- INTRODUCTION
- NATURAL HISTORY OF CERVICAL PRECANCER AND CANCER
- SCREENING TECHNIQUES FOR CERVICAL CANCER
- CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING GUIDELINES
- ROLE OF COLPOSCOPY AND HISTOLOGY IN SCREENING
  - Steps of Colposcopy
- OVERVIEW OF TREATMENT OF CERVICAL PRE-CANCER
  - Ablative Procedures
    - Prerequisites for Cryotherapy
    - Excisional Procedures
- OVERVIEW OF MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE CANCER CERVIX
  - Staging
- TREATMENT
CHAPTER 19:Screening for Ovarian Cancer
- RISK FACTORS FOR OVARIAN CANCER
- OVARIAN CANCER RISK TYPES4
- WHO SCREENING CRITERIA IN OVARIAN CANCER
- EVIDENCE OF BENEFIT OR LACK OF BENEFIT ASSOCIATED WITH DIFFERENT SCREENING MODALITIES
- RISK OF OVARIAN CANCER SCREENING
- DISADVANTAGES OF GENETIC TESTING FOR BREAST CANCER GENES
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 20:Screening for Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy
- INTRODUCTION
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
  - TSH Trimester–Specific Reference Range
- HYPOTHYROIDISM
  - Subclinical Hypothyroidism
  - Treatment of Overt and Subclinical Hypothyroidism
- THYROID AUTOANTIBODIES IN PREGNANCY
- ISOLATED HYPOTHYROXINEMIA
- SCREENING FOR THYROID DISORDERS DURING PREGNANCY
- HYPERTHYROIDISM
- POSTPARTUM THYROIDITIS
CHAPTER 21:Screening for Hemoglobinopathy
- INTRODUCTION
- INHERITANCE
- INCIDENCE
- TYPES OF HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES
  - Sickle Cell Hemoglobinopathies
  - Thalassemia
    - Alpha-Thalassemia
    - Beta-thalassemia
- SCREENING FOR HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES
CHAPTER 22:Breast Cancer Screening: Current Status
- INTRODUCTION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- RISK FACTORS
- STRATEGIES FOR SCREENING
- FAMILY HISTORY OF BREAST CANCER
- TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN BENEFITS AND HARMS
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SCREENING BY EXPERT GROUPS
  - Screening with Mammography
CHAPTER 23:Peripartum Coagulopathy
- PLATELET DISORDERS
  - Thrombocytopenia
- INHERITED COAGULATION DEFECTS
- HEMOPHILIAS
  - Clinical Features
  - Treatment
- VON WILLEBRAND DISEASE (VWD)
- OTHER INHERITED COAGULATION FACTOR DEFICIENCIES
- THROMBOPHILIAS
- GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION
- ACUTE FATTY LIVER OF PREGNANCY
- INTRAUTERINE FETAL DEATH AND DELAYED DELIVERY
  - Fetal Death in Multifetal Pregnancy
- PLACENTAL ABRUPTION
- AMNIOTIC FLUID EMBOLISM
- SEPSIS SYNDROME
  - Consumptive Coagulopathy
  - Coagulation and Fibrinolysis- directed agents
- DILUTIONAL COAGULOPATHY
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 24:Screening for Postpartum Anemia
- INTRODUCTION
- DEFINITION
- DISEASE LOAD
- FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES
- WHO SHOULD BE SCREENED
  - Selective verses Universal Screening
- CONCLUSION

INDEX

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Chapter Notes