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Manual on Cervical Cytology and Colposcopy
Radhika N Joshi
CHAPTER 1:
Cervical Cytology
HISTORY
Indian History
PAP SMEAR
Precautions
PAPANICOLAOU'S STAINING TECHNIQUE
Preparation of Stains
INTERPRETATION OF SMEARS
Cytological Description of Different Cells
Infections and Infestations
Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance
Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion
High Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion
Microinvasive and Invasive Carcinoma
Glandular Cells
ASCUS
REPORTING OF THE SMEAR
Papanicolaou's Classification
WHO Classification
CIN Classification of Richart
The Bethesda System (TBS) 2001
Specimen Adequacy
General Categorizatin (Optional)
Automated Review
Interpretation Result
Epithelial Cell Abnormalities
Other Malignant Neoplasms: (Specify)
Classification of Smears
LIQUID BASE CYTOLOGY
VISUAL INSPECTION
Diagnosis by Visual Inspection
Introduction
VIA (Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid) Usefulness
VIA Advantages
Different Procedures
Documentation
New Technologies
Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA): Negative
Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA): Positive
Visual Inspection with Lugol's Iodine (VILI)
MANAGEMENT OF SMEARS
Epithelial Cell Abnormalities
ASCUS (Atypical squamous cells)
ASC-H
LSIL (Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion)
RECORD SHEET
Gynecological Cytology
CHAPTER 2:
Colposcopy
HISTORY AND INTRODUCTION TO COLPOSCOPY
INDICATION FOR COLPOSCOPY
Routine Colposcopy
Erich Burghardt
THE COLPOSCOPIC EXAMINATION
Colposcopy Patients Information
Colposcopy Information Should be Given in Local Language.
Instruments
Steps in the Colposcopic Examination
Observation of Cervix
Colposcopy Record Form
Colposcopy figures
COLPOSCOPIC FINDINGS
Copplesons Grading
Colposcopic Findings Ratified by International Federation of Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy 2003
Normal Colposcopic Findings
Abnormal Colposcopic Findings
Unsatisfactory Colposcopy
Miscellaneous
Normal Colposcopic Finding
Abnormal Colposcopic Findings:
TRANSFORMATION ZONE
Atypical Transformation Zone (ATZ)
The New Transformation Zone (NTZ) Classification (IFCPC)
Reid's Colposcopic Index (RCI)
Margin
Color
Vessels
Iodine Staining
Newer Scoring System: The Swede Score
The Swede Score
ANGIOGENESIS
VAGINAL COLOPOSCOPY
Technique
Findings
COLPOSCOPY OF VULVA
MANAGEMENT OF CIN
Management of Benign Lesion
Large Ectopy
Transformation Zone
Acanthotic Epithelium
Condylomatous Lesion
Biopsy of Cervix
Prophylactic Management (CIN)
Management of Early CIN – LSIL
CIN Management
Tissue Distruction (Ablation)
Surgical Removal (Excision)
Cryotherapy
Physics
Patient Selection
Equipment Needed for Cryosurgery
Technique
Side Effects
Follow Up
Cure Rate
Conclusion
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER)
Disadvantages
Electrocoagulation
Cone Biopsy
Cone Indication
Methods
Advantages of Cone Biopsy
Disadvantages of Cone Biopsy
LLETZ
Advantages
Hysterectomy
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV), DNA DETECTION
HPV Cervical Cancer
HPV Testing
Method
RECOMMENDATIONS
WHO Recommendations
SETTING UP PRACTICE IN CERVICAL CYTOLOGY AND COLPOSCOPY
Introduction
Organization of Clinic
Organization of Laboratory
Starting Work
CANCER DETECTION CAMPS
BREAST
Prevention of Carcinoma of Breast: Self Examination, Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), Mammography
Self Examination
FNAC of Breast
Utility of FNAC
FOGSI RECOMMENDATION FOR VACCINATIONS AGAINST HPV
Preamble
General
Cervical Cancer Screening
Vaccination Target Group
Dosage Schedule
Counseling before Vaccine
Vaccinating Sexually Active Women
Special Situations
Pregnancy and Lactating Women
Immunosuppressed Patients
Contraindications and Precautions
PREPARATIONS OF CHEMICALS
Preparation
Label
Lugol's Iodine Solution
Monsel's Paste
INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION FOR CERVICAL PATHOLOGY AND COLPOSCOPY (IFCPC)
2011 IFCPC Nomenclature1
ORGANIZATION OF COLPOSCOPIC SERVICES
CHAPTER 3:
Case Studies
CASE NO. 1
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 2
CASE NO. 3
CASE NO. 4
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 5
CASE NO. 6
CASE NO. 7
CASE NO. 8
CASE NO. 9
CASE NO. 10
CASE NO. 11
CASE NO. 12
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 13
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 14
CASE NO. 15
Colposcopy Images
CASE NO. 16
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 17
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 18
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 19
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 20
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 21
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 22
Colposcopy
CASE NO. 23
Colposcopy
INDEX
TOC
Index
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