Index

Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology: Basic Principles and Interpretation Kamala G Pillai

CHAPTER 1: Introduction
- THE STUDY OF RADIOLOGY
CHAPTER 2: Nature and Characteristics of Radiation
- STRUCTURE OF AN ATOM
- NUCLEUS
- ELECTRONS
- IONIZATION
- ISOTOPES
- PARTICULATE RADIATION
- PROTONS
- NEUTRONS
CHAPTER 3: Electromagnetic Radiation andSpectrum
- QUANTUM OR PHOTONS
- FREQUENCY AND WAVELENGTH
- CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC PHOTON
- COMPONENTS OFELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
- X-RAYS
- GAMMA RAYS
- PROPERTIES OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATIONS
CHAPTER 4: Discovery, Production and properties of X-rays
- CONTROL PANEL
- YOKE
- EXTENSION ARM
- TUBE HEAD
- X-RAY TUBE
- X-RAY GENERATING APPARATUS
- ANODE
- LINE FOCUS PRINCIPLE
- CATHODE
- PRODUCTION OF HIGH-SPEED ELECTRONS
- FOCUSING OF ELECTRONS
- TRANSFORMERS
- PRODUCTION OF X-RAYS
  - Types of X-rays Produced(X-ray Spectra)
- BREMSSTRAHLUNG RADIATION
- CHARACTERISTIC RADIATION
- INTENSITY ANDINVERSE SQUARE LAW
- IMAGING PROCESS
- REFLECTION IMAGING
CHAPTER 5: Interaction of X-rays with Matter
- ATTENUATION
- ATTENUATION MECHANISMS
CHAPTER 6: Radiation Biology
- EXCITATION
- IONIZATION
- BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION
- DIRECT EFFECT
  - Direct Alterations of Biological Molecules by Ionizing Radiation Involve Three Steps
  - Chromosomal Effects from Direct Damage
- INDIRECT EFFECT
- FREE RADICALS
- TARGET THEORIES
- RADIOLYSIS OF WATER
- CHANGES IN BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES
- PROTEINS
- NUCLEIC ACIDS
  - Types of DNA Alteration Produced by Radiation
- ACCUMULATED DAMAGE
  - Latent Period
- CELLULAR EFFECTS
- NUCLEUS
- CHROMOSOME ABERRATION
- CYTOPLASM
- FACTORS MODIFYING THE CELL RESPONSE
  - Radiosensitivity of Cells
  - Organ System Radiosensitivity
    - Relative Radiosensitivity of Organs
- BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION (SOMATIC AND GENETIC)
- DETERMINISTIC (NONSTOCHASTIC) EFFECTS ON CELLS
- STOCHASTIC EFFECTS
- GENETIC STOCHASTIC EFFECT
- EFFECTS ON FETUS/UNBORN CHILD
- RADIATION EFFECTS AT THE TISSUE AND ORGAN LEVEL
  - Short-term Effects
  - Long-term Effects
- MODIFYING FACTORS
  - Dose
  - Dose Rate
  - Somatic Effects
- ACUTE OR IMMEDIATE EFFECTS (ACUTE RADIATION SYNDROME)
  - Prodromal Period
  - Latent Period
  - Hematopoietic Syndrome
  - Gastrointestinal Syndrome
  - Cardiovascular and Central Nervous System Syndrome
- RADIATION EFFECT ON ORAL TISSUES
  - Radiation Mucositis
  - Taste Buds
  - Salivary Glands
  - Teeth
- RADIATION CARIES
- BONE
CHAPTER 7: Sources of Radiation and Radiation Protection
- METHODS OF RADIATION PROTECTION
- X-RAY EQUIPMENT
CHAPTER 8: Radiographic Film and Its Properties
- COMPOSITION OF X-RAY FILM
- FILM BASE
- EMULSION
- GELATIN
- SILVER HALIDE
  - Types of Radiographic Films
- CONTENTS OF INTRAORALFILM PACKET
  - Types of Intraoral Films
- EXTRAORAL FILMS
- SCREEN FILMS
- STORAGE OF FILMS
- INTENSIFYING SCREENS
- CASSETTE
CHAPTER 9: Infection Control in Dental Radiography
- INFECTION CONTROL PROCEDURES
- UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS
- WEARING GLOVES FOR ALL RADIOGRAPHIC PROCEDURES
- DISINFECT WORKING SURFACES AND COVER X-RAY MACHINE, CHAIR AND LEAD APRON
- STERILIZE NONDISPOSABLE INSTRUMENTS
- USING BARRIER PROTECTED FILM
- PREVENTING CONTAMINATION OF PROCESSING SOLUTIONS
- PANORAMIC AND CEPHALOSTAT
CHAPTER 10: Intraoral Radiography
- GENERAL GUIDELINES ONPATIENT CARE
- PRINCIPLES OF SHADOW CASTING
- DISTORTION
  - Size Distortion
  - Shape Distortion or Dimensional Distortion
- PERIAPICAL RADIOGRAPHY
  - Indications for Periapical View
- GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS BEFORE MAKING AN EXPOSURE
  - Procedure
- BISECTING ANGLE TECHNIQUE
- HEAD POSITION OF THE PATIENT
- POSITIONING OF THE FILM
- ANGLES FOR MAXILLARY AND MANDIBULAR PROJECTIONS
- PARALLELING TECHNIQUE/RIGHT ANGLE TECHNIQUE
- BITEWING RADIOGRAPHY
- OCCLUSAL RADIOGRAPHY
- TOPOGRAPHIC OR STANDARD PROJECTION OF THE ANTERIOR MAXILLA
- LATERAL MAXILLARYOCCLUSAL PROJECTION
- MAXILLARY TRUE OR CROSS-SECTIONAL PROJECTION (VERTEX OCCLUSAL)
- MANDIBULAR TOPOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
  - Indications
- MANDIBULAR TRUE OCCLUSAL OR CROSS-SECTIONAL PROJECTION
  - Indications
CHAPTER 11: Extraoral Radiography
- STANDARD RADIOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS
  - General Considerations
- RADIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE PLANES/POINTS
- THE CANTHOMEATAL LINE (ORBITOMEATAL LINE)
  - Interpupillary Line
  - Frankfort Horizontal Line
- TRUE LATERAL SKULL VIEW
  - Indications
  - Procedure
  - Centering Point
- LATERAL PROJECTION FOR NASAL BONES
- CEPHALOMETRIC PROJECTIONS
  - Indications
- TRUE CEPHALOMETRIC LATERAL SKULL PROJECTION
  - Procedure
- CEPHALOMETRIC POSTEROANTERIOR VIEW OF THE JAWS (CEPHALOMETRIC PA JAWS)
  - Procedure
- MANDIBULAR LATERAL OBLIQUE VIEW
  - Indications
- MANDIBULAR PROJECTION FOR PREMOLAR/MOLAR REGION
- MANDIBULAR RAMUS PROJECTION
  - Indications
- POSTEROANTERIOR VIEW, POSTERO-ANTERIOR PROJECTION OF THE SKULL (PA VIEW OF THE SKULL)
  - Indications
  - Procedure
- POSTEROANTERIOR VIEW FOR MANDIBLE (PA VIEW FOR MANDIBLE)
  - Indications
- REVERSE TOWNE’S VIEW
  - Indications
- WATER’S PROJECTION FOR PARANASAL SINUS(PA VIEW FOR PARANASAL SINUS)
  - Indications
  - Procedure
- SUBMENTOVERTEX VIEW
  - Indications
  - Procedure
- TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT RADIOGRAPHY (TMJ RADIOGRAPHY)
- TRANSCRANIAL PROJECTION
  - Indications
- TRANSPHARYNGEAL TMJ PROJECTION
- TRANSORBITAL VIEW
  - Indications
- PANORAMIC TMJ PROJECTION
  - Indications
- MRI OF THE TMJ
CHAPTER 12: Panoramic Radiography
- TOMOGRAPHY
- CURVED LAYER TOMOGRAPHY
- MOVING ROTATIONAL CENTERS
CHAPTER 13: Processing and Mounting of Radiographic Films
- PROCESSING ROOM/DARK ROOM
- LOCATION AND SIZE
- SAFE LIGHTING
- FILM FOGGING
- METHODS IN PROCESSING A FILM
- COMPOSITION OFDEVELOPER SOLUTION
- DEVELOPER REPLENISHER
- RINSE
- FIXER
- FIXING SOLUTION
- WASHING
- DRYING
- FILM MOUNTING
CHAPTER 14: Radiographic Errors
- TECHNIQUE ERRORS INCLUDING EXPOSURE FACTORS
  - Patient Preparation Errors
  - Poor Positioning of Films
- PROCESSING ERRORS
- FILM HANDLING ERRORS
  - Films Marked
  - Processing Fault
CHAPTER 15: Procedures of Radiographic Interpretation
- LOCALIZATION
- OBSERVATION
- GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
- INTERPRETATION
- CONCLUSION
- DESCRIBING A LESION
CHAPTER 16: Normal Anatomical Landmarks
- NORMAL ANATOMY
  - Enamel and Dentin
- CEMENTUM
- PULP AND ROOT CANAL
- STRUCTURES COMMON TO BOTH MAXILLA AND MANDIBLE (RADIOLUCENT AND RADIOPAQUE)
  - Radiopaque
  - Radiolucent Structures
- RADIOLUCENT LANDMARKS OF MAXILLA
- RADIOPAQUE LANDMARKS OF MAXILLA
- RADIOLUCENT LANDMARKS OF MANDIBLE
- RADIOPAQUE LANDMARKS OF MANDIBLE
CHAPTER 17: Pathologic Calcification and Ossification of Soft Tissues
- IDIOPATHIC CALCIFICATION
- SCLEROTIC BONE
- PHLEBOLITH
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- RHINOLITH
  - Radiographic Features
- ANTROLITH
  - Radiographic Features
- DYSTROPHIC CALCIFICATION
- CALCIFIED LYMPH NODE
- PULP STONES
  - Radiographic Features
- CALCIFIED ACNE LESIONS
- CALCIFICATION INTHE WALLS OF THE ARTERY
- METASTATIC CALCIFICATION
- PATHOLOGIC OSSIFICATION
  - Ossification of the Stylomandibular Ligament and Stylohyoid Ligament
- STYLOHYOID LIGAMENT
  - Radiographic Features
- OSTEOMA CUTIS/MULTIPLE MILIARY OSTEOMA CUTIS
  - Radiographic Features
- MYOSITIS OSSIFICATIONS
- PROGRESSIVE MYOSITIS OSSIFICANS
CHAPTER 18: Trauma to the Teeth and Facial Structures
- FRACTURES OF THE FACIAL BONES
  - Pathologic Fracture
  - Traumatic Fracture
- STANDARD RADIOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF FACIAL TRAUMA
- NASOMAXILLOZYGOMATIC COMPLEX
- MANDIBLE
- INJURIES TO THE TEETH
- INJURY TO THE JAWBONES
- MAXILLA
  - Radiographic Evidence of Fracture (Both Jaws)
- MANDIBULAR FRACTURES
  - Sites of Weakness in the Mandible
  - Clinical Features of Mandibular Fracture alone
CHAPTER 19: Developmental Anomalies of Teeth
- SIZE OF THE TEETH
  - Microdontia
  - Macrodontia
  - Differential Diagnosis
- NUMBER OF TEETH
  - Anodontia
  - Hypodontia
  - Common Conditions Associated with Anodontia
  - Radiographic Features
- SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
  - Radiographic Features
- SHAPE OR ALTERED MORPHOLOGY OF TEETH
  - Gemination
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- FUSION
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- CONCRESCENCE
  - Radiographic Features
- TAURODONTISM
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- DILACERATION
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- DENS INVAGINATUS
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- DENS EVAGINATION (DENS EVAGINATUS)
  - Radiographic Features
- ENAMEL PEARL
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
  - Talon Cusp
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- SUPERNUMERARY ROOTS
  - Radiographic Features
- DISTURBANCES IN TOOTH FORMATION (STRUCTURE)
- AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
  - Clinical Features
- GENERALIZED HYPOPLASIA
  - Radiographic Features
- GENERALIZED HYPOMINERALIZATION
  - Radiographic Features
- HYPOMATURATION
  - Radiographic Features
- HYPOMATURATION/HYPO- CALCIFICATION/TAURODONTISM
  - Differential Diagnosis
- DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA (HEREDITARY OPALESCENT DENTIN)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
- DENTIN DYSPLASIA
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- REGIONAL ODONTODYSPLASIA (ODONTOGENESIS IMPERFECTA, GHOST TEETH)
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- ERUPTION OF TEETH
  - Premature Eruption
  - Delayed Eruption
  - Ectopic Eruption
- TRANSMIGRATION
- TRANSPOSITION
- ROTATION
- HYPERCEMENTOSIS
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
CHAPTER 20: Periodontal Diseases
- LOCAL FACTORS
- NORMAL RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF HEALTHY ALVEOLAR BONE
- LIMITATIONS OF THE RADIOGRAPH
- USEFULNESS OF RADIOGRAPHS IN PERIODONTAL DISEASES
  - Main Radiographic Views Used
- GINGIVITIS
- PERIODONTITIS
- CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS
- RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES
- EARLY RADIOGRAPHIC CHANGES IN PERIODONTITIS
- AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS
  - Radiographic Features
- NECROTIZING ULCERATIVE PERIODONTITIS
- PAPILLON-LEFÈVRE SYNDROME
- SYSTEMIC DISEASES OR GENERALIZED CONDITIONS AFFECTING PERIODONTIUM
- EVALUATION OF BONE DEFECTS
- FURCATION INVOLVEMENT
- MODERATE TO SEVERE PERIODONTAL LESIONS
- PERIODONTAL ABSCESS
CHAPTER 21: Dental Caries
- INTRODUCTION
- INTERPROXIMAL CARIES
- LAMELLAR CARIES
- INCIPIENT CARIES
- DENTINAL CARIES
- RAMPANT CARIES
- ACUTE AND CHRONIC CARIES
- OCCLUSAL CARIES
- PULPAL CARIES
- FACIAL/LINGUAL CARIES
- ROOT OR CEMENTAL CARIES
- RECURRENT OR SECONDARY CARIES
- ARRESTED CARIES
  - Radiographic Views to be taken for Caries
  - Intraoral Periapical Radiographs
- RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF CARIES
  - Differential Diagnosis
CHAPTER 22: Inflammatory Lesions of the Jaws
- ACUTE PULPITIS
  - Reversible Pulpitis
  - Irreversible Pulpitis
- CHRONIC PULPITIS
- PERIAPICAL INFECTIONS
  - Etiology
- PERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENCIES
  - False Radiolucency
  - True Radiolucencies
- PERIAPICAL LESIONS, SEQUELA OF PULPITIS
- ACUTE APICAL PERIODONTITIS
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
- ACUTE APICAL ABSCESS (ACUTE ALVEOLAR ABSCESS, ACUTE DENTOALVEOLAR ABSCESS)
- CHRONIC ALVEOLAR ABSCESS (CHRONIC APICAL ABSCESS)
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- SECONDARY ABSCESS (PHOENIX ABSCESS)
- PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA (CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS)
- RAREFYING OSTEITIS
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- CONDENSING OSTEITIS (PERIAPICAL SCLEROSING OSTEITIS, FOCAL SCLEROSING OSTEOMYELITIS)
- OSTEOSCLEROSIS
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- PERIAPICAL SCAR
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- SURGICAL BONE DEFECT
  - Differential Diagnosis
CHAPTER 23: Cysts and Cyst-like Lesions of the Jaw
- CYSTS OF THE JAWS
  - Epithelium Lined Cysts
    - Developmental Origin
    - Inflammatory Origin: (Odontogenic Cysts)
  - Non-epithelial Lined Cyst (Pseudocysts)
- ODONTOGENIC CYSTS OF INFLAMMATORY ORIGIN
- RESIDUAL PERIAPICAL CYST
  - Differential Diagnosis
- PARADENTAL CYSTS
- LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST
- BOTRYOID ODONTOGENIC CYST
  - Clinical Features
- DENTIGEROUS CYST
- ERUPTION CYST
  - Clinical Features
- DENTIGEROUS CYST (CENTRAL, LATERAL AND CIRCUMFERENTIAL)
- BUCCAL BIFURCATION CYST
- NON-ODONTOGENIC CYSTS
- ANEURYSMAL BONE CYST (ABC)
- SIMPLE BONE CYST (TRAUMATIC BONE CYST, SOLITARY HEMORRHAGIC CYST)
- STAFNE’S BONE CYST (LINGUAL SALIVARY GLAND DEPRESSION)
- MEDIAN MANDIBULAR CYST
CHAPTER 24: Osteomyelitis
- ACUTE SUPPURATIVE OSTEOMYELITIS (PYOGENIC OSTEOMYELITIS)
- CHRONIC OSTEOMYELITIS
- CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OSTEOMYELITIS
- CHRONIC DIFFUSE SCLEROSING OSTEOMYELITIS
- OSTEOMYELITIS WITH PROLIFERATIVE PERIOSTITIS (GARRE’S OSTEOMYELITIS, PERIOSTITIS OSSIFICANS, NON-SUPPURATIVE OSTEOMYELITIS)
- PERICORONAL INFECTIONS
- OSTEORADIONECROSIS
CHAPTER 25: Benign Tumors of the Jaw
- ODONTOGENIC TUMORS
  - Classification of Odontogenic Tumors
- AMELOBLASTOMA
- CONVENTIONAL SOLID OR MULTICYSTIC INTRAOSSEOUS AMELOBLASTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- UNICYSTIC AMELOBLASTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- EXTRAOSSEOUS/PERIPHERAL TYPE OF AMELOBLASTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- DESMOPLASTIC AMELOBLASTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- ADENOMATOID ODONTOGENIC TUMOR (ADENOAMELOBLASTOMA)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- CALCIFYING EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMOR (PINDBORG TUMOR)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
    - Initial Stage
    - Advanced Lesion
- SQUAMOUS ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- KERATOCYSTIC ODONTOGENIC TUMOR (ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- BASAL CELL NEVUS SYNDROME
- MYXOMA (ODONTOGENIC MYXOMA, MYXOFIBROMA)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- CENTRAL ODONTOGENIC FIBROMA (SIMPLE ODONTOGENIC FIBROMA, ODONTOGENIC FIBROMA)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- PERIPHERAL ODONTOGENIC FIBROMA
  - Clinical Features
- MIXED EPITHELIAL ODONTOGENIC TUMORS
  - Ameloblastic Fibroma
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- AMELOBLASTIC FIBRODENTINOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- AMELOBLASTIC FIBRO-ODONTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- MIXED TUMORS (OF ODONTOGENIC EPITHELIUM, ODONTOGENIC ECTOMESENCHYME)
  - Odontomas
- COMPLEX ODONTOMA (COMPLEX COMPOSITE ODONTOMA)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- COMPOUND ODONTOMA (COMPOUND COMPOSITE ODONTOMA)
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- ODONTOAMELOBLASTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- CYSTIC ODONTOMA
- CALCIFYING ODONTOGENIC CYST OR CALCIFYING CYSTIC ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- DENTINOGENIC GHOST CELL TUMOR
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- OSTEOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- GARDNER’S SYNDROME
- OSTEOID OSTEOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- OSTEOBLASTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- BENIGN CEMENTOBLASTOMA (CEMENTOBLASTOMA, TRUE CEMENTOMA)
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
  - Comparison between Osteoblastoma and Cementoblastoma
- CHONDROMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- HEMANGIOMA AND VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS
- CENTRAL HEMANGIOMAS/INTRABONY VASCULAR MALFORMATIONS
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
CHAPTER 26: Malignant Diseases Affecting the Jaws
- BORDERS OF THE LESION
- ADJACENT CORTICAL BONE
- RADIODENSITY
- EFFECTS ON SURROUNDING STRUCTURES
- SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
- METASTATIC MALIGNANCY (SECONDARY MALIGNANCY)
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- CENTRAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA (PRIMARY INTRAOSSEOUS CARCINOMA)
- SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA ORIGINATING FROM ODONTOGENIC CYSTS
- CENTRAL MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA
- MAXILLARY SINUS CARCINOMA
- SARCOMAS (FLOWCHART 26.1)
- OSTEOSARCOMA
- FIBROSARCOMA
- CHONDROSARCOMA
- EWING’S SARCOMA
- LEUKEMIA
- MULTIPLE MYELOMA
- NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA
- BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA
CHAPTER 27: Fibro-osseous Lesions of the Jaws
- FIBROUS DYSPLASIA
  - Clinical Features
- MONOSTOTIC FIBROUS DYSPLASIA
- POLYOSTOTIC FIBROUS DYSPLASIA
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- OSSEOUS DYSPLASIAS (CEMENTO-OSSEOUS DYSPLASIAS)
- PERIAPICAL OSSEOUS DYSPLASIA
- FLORID OSSEOUS DYSPLASIA
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- FAMILIAL GIGANTIFORM CEMENTOMA
  - Clinical Features
  - Radiographic Features
- OSSIFYING FIBROMA
- JUVENILE OSSIFYING FIBROMA
  - Radiographic Features
  - Differential Diagnosis
- CHERUBISM
- GIANT CELL TUMOR
CHAPTER 28: Systemic Diseases Manifested in the Jaws
- HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
- SCLERODERMA
- LANGERHANS CELL HISTIOCYTOSIS
  - Radiographic Features
- VANISHING BONE DISEASE
- THALASSEMIA
- SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
  - Clinical Features
CHAPTER 29: Localization Techniques
- RIGHT ANGLE TECHNIQUE (MILLER’S TECHNIQUE)
- PARALLAX METHOD (CLARK’S RULE, TUBE SHIFT METHOD, SLOB RULE) IN THE HORIZONTAL PLANE
- PARALLAX IN THE VERTICAL PLANE
- WINTER’S LINES
CHAPTER 30: Imaging of Salivary Glands
- SIALOGRAPHY
- NORMAL SIALOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF PAROTID AND SUBMANDIBULAR GLANDS
- ULTRASOUND IMAGING
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE SIALOGRAPHY
- COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
CHAPTER 31: Specialized Imaging
- DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY
  - Advantages
- COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
  - Advantages
  - Disadvantages
- POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY
- CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
  - Advantages
CHAPTER 32: Important Concepts at a Glance, Definitions and Glossary
- RADIOLUCENCIES OF THE JAWS
  - Periapical Radiolucency
- SEQUENCE OF RADIOLOGIC EVENTS
- DEFINITIONS

INDEX

TOC
Index

Chapter Notes