Textbook of Interventional Cardiology A Global Perspective
Textbook of Interventional Cardiology A Global Perspective
Editor-in-Chief
Samir Kapadia MD
Section Head, Invasive and Interventional Cardiology Director, Sones Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories Director, Interventional Cardiology Fellowship Program Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Global Editors
Derek Chew MD MBBS MPH FRACP
Professor, Cardiology Flinders University Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Fernando Cura MD PhD
Chief, Interventional Cardiology ICBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina Director, Interventional Cardiology and Endovascular Therapies Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires and Sanatorio Anchorena Buenos Aires, Argentina
Philippe L L'Allier MD
Chief, Interventional Cardiology Montreal Heart Institute (MHI) Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Marco Roffi MD
Director, Interventional Cardiology, Geneva, Switzerland Vice-Chairman of Cardiology, and Director of the Interventional Cardiology Unit University Hospital of Geneva Geneva, Switzerland
E Murat Tuzcu MD
Professor, Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Chief Academic Officer and Chief of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi, UAE
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Textbook of Interventional Cardiology
First Edition: 2017
9789351529439
Printed at:
To our families for their selfless support.
To our mentors for invaluable life lessons.
To our institutions for successful partnership.
- Ahmed Abdel-Latif MD PhD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology
- University of Kentucky
- Lexington VA Medical Center
- Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Elsayed Abo-Salem MD
- Fellow
- Department of Cardiovascular Health and Diseases
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Shikhar Agarwal
- Chief Fellow
- Interventional Cardiology
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Jung-Min Ahn MD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine
- Seoul, South Korea
- Said Alsidawi MD
- Cardiovascular Diseases Fellow
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Cardiology
- University of Cincinnati
- Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Ivan Anderson MD
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Department of Medicine
- University of California
- Davis Medical Center
- Sacramento, California, USA
- Mani Arsalan MD
- Department of Heart Surgery
- Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Ganesh Athappan MD
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- Temple University Hospital
- Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Usman Baber MD
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute
- Icahn School of Medicine at
- Mount Sinai
- New York City, New York, USA
- Emanuele Barbato MD PhD
- Professor
- Cardiovascular Center Aalst
- Onze-Lieve-Vrouwziekenhuis Clinic
- Aalst, Belgium
- Eric R Bates MD
- Professor
- Department of Internal Medicine
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Jorge Belardi MD FSCAI FACC
- Clinic and Interventional Cardiologist
- Director, Division of Cardiology
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos
- Aires
- Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Stefan Bertog MD
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- CardioVascular Center
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Deepak L Bhatt MD MPH FACC
- FAHA FSCAI FESC
- Professor of Medicine
- Harvard Medical School
- Executive Director of Interventional Cardiovascular Programs
- Heart and Vascular Center
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Alessandro Cannavale MD
- Department of Radiological Sciences Vascular and Interventional Unit
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
- P Cao MD FRCS
- Professor of Vascular Surgery
- University of Perugia
- Perugia, Italy
- Chief of Vascular Surgery
- Department of Cardioscience
- San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital
- Rome, Italy
- Tiziano Cassina MD
- Department of Anesthesia and
- Intensive Care
- Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino
- Lugano, Switzerland
- João L Cavalcante MD
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Department of Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute
- University of Pittsburgh
- Medical Center
- Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Matt Certain MD
- Department of Cardiology
- Southeast Georgia Health Systems
- Brunswick, Georgia, USA
- Derek Chew MD MBBS MPH FRACP
- Professor, Cardiology
- Flinders University
- Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Alaide Chieffo MD
- Director of Research in
- Interventional Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology Unit
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute
- Milano, Italy
- LS Cho MD
- Section Head
- Preventive Cardiology
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Ramesh G Chokka MD
- Doctor
- Department of Cardiology
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute
- Adelaide, Australia
- Georgios Christodoulidis MD
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- New York City, New York, USA
- Antonio Colombo MD
- Interventional Cardiologist
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- San Raffaele Hospital
- Milano, Italy
- Francesco Costa MD
- Thoraxcenter
- Erasmus University Medical Center
- Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Fernando Cura MD PhD
- Chief, Interventional Cardiology
- ICBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Director, Interventional Cardiology and Endovascular Therapies
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires and Sanatorio Anchorena
- Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Bharat V Dalvi MD
- Consultant Cardiologist
- Glenmark Cardiac Center
- Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Gianmarco de Donato MD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Vascular Surgery
- University of Siena
- Siena, Italy
- Quentin de Hemptinne MD
- Doctor
- Department of Medicine
- Montreal Heart Institute
- University of Montreal
- Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Giuseppe De Luca MD PhD
- Aggregate Professor of Cardiology
- Department of Cardiology
- Eastern Piedmont University
- Novara, Italy
- Suzanne de Waha MD
- University Heart Centre Lübeck
- University Hospital Schleswig-
- Holstein
- Lübeck, Germany
- Sinny Delacroix MD
- Doctor
- Department of Cardiology
- University of Adelaide
- Adelaide, Australia
- Milind Desai MD
- Professor of Medicine
- Heart and Vascular Institute
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Steffen Desch MD
- Professor
- University Heart Center Lübeck
- Lübeck, Germany
- John Diaper MD
- Research Assistant
- Department of Anesthesia
- Geneva University Hospital
- Geneva, Switzerland
- J Michael DiMaio MD
- Director Research
- Educational Training
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Surgery
- Baylor Scott and White
- Dallas, Texas, USA
- Jean-François Dorval MD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- University of Montreal
- Department of Medicine
- Montreal Heart Institute
- Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Ariel Duran MD
- Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- University of Uruguay, Montevideo School of Medicine
- Montevideo, Uruguay
- Andrew Craig Eisenhauer MD
- Director
- Central Maine Heart and Vascular Institute
- Lewiston, Maine, USA
- Mackram F Eleid MD
- Assistant Professor of Medicine
- Division of Cardiovascular
- Diseases and Internal Medicine
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
- Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Christoph Ellenberger MD
- Staff Anesthesiologist
- Department of Anesthesiology Pharmacology and Intensive Care
- University Hospital of Geneva
- Geneva, Switzerland
- Stephen Ellis MD
- Director of Interventional Cardiology
- Senior Academic Officer
- Professor of Medicine
- Department of Cardiology
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Wael El-Mallah MD
- Assistant Professor of
- Internal Medicine
- Texas Tech University Health
- Sciences Center
- Lubbock, Texas, USA
- Enas A Enas MD FACC
- Executive Director
- Coronary Artery Disease in
- Asian Foundation
- Indians (CADI) Research
- Lisle, Illinois, USA
- Phillip A Erwin MD PhD
- Interventional Cardiology Fellow
- Heart and Vascular Institute
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Francesco F Faletra MD
- Director of Cardiac Imaging Service
- Department of Cardiology
- Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino
- Lugano, Switzerland
- Fabrizio Fanelli MD EBIR
- Department of Radiological Sciences Vascular and Interventional Unit
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
- Carlos M Fava MD
- Staff
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- Fundacion Favaloro
- Hospital Universitario
- Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Ted Feldman MD MSCAI FACC FESC
- Director
- Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories
- NorthShore University HealthSystem
- Evanston Hospital
- Evanston, Illinois, USA
- Roberto Ferraresi MD
- Peripheral Interventional Cath Lab
- Humanitas Gavazzeni
- Bergamo, Italy
- C Ferrer MD
- Vascular Surgeon
- Department of Cardioscience
- San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital
- Rome, Italy
- Filippo Figini MD
- Department of Invasive Cardiology
- San Raffaele Hospital
- Milano, Italy
- Jennifer Franke MD
- Cardiologist
- Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Georg Fuernau MD
- Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology
- University of Leipzig-Heart Center
- Leipzig, Germany
- Sameer Gafoor
- Medical Director
- Structural Heart Disease
- Swedish Heart and Vascular
- Seattle, Washington, USA
- Giuseppe Galzerano MD
- Consultant
- Department of Vascular Surgery
- University Hospital of Siena
- Siena, Italy
- Marianna Gazzetti MD
- Department of Vascular Surgery
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
- Baris Gencer MD
- Fellow in Cardiology
- Division of Cardiology
- University Hospital of Geneva
- Geneva, Switzerland
- Francesco Giannini MD
- Interventional Cardiology Unit
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute
- Milano, Italy
- Giuseppe Di Gioia MD
- Interventional Cardiology Research Fellow
- Cardiovascular Center
- OLV Hospital
- Aalst, Belgium
- Gennaro Giustino MD
- Post-Doctoral Clinical
- Research Fellow
- Cardiovascular Research Institute
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- New York City, New York, USA
- Frédéric Glauser MD
- Doctor
- Division of Angiology
- University Hospital of Geneva
- Geneva, Switzerland
- Sachin S Goel MD
- Interventional Cardiologist
- Prairie Heart Institute at
- St. John's Hospital
- Springfield, Illinois, USA
- Andrew Goodman MD
- Heart Valve Center
- Heart and Vascular Institute
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- William A Gray MD
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Director, Endovascular Intervention
- Department of Interventional
- Cardiology
- Columbia University Medical Center
- New York City, New York, USA
- Chris Greenman MD
- Cardiology Fellow
- Division of Cardiology
- University of Washington
- Seattle, Washington, USA
- Giulio Guagliumi MD
- Department of Cardiovascular
- Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII
- Bergamo, Italy
- Hitinder Gurm MD
- Associate Professor
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- University of Michigan Health System
- Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Tarek Helmy MD FACC FSCAI
- Professor of Cardiology
- Director
- J Gerard Mudd Cardiac
- Catheterization Laboratory
- St. Louis School of Medicine
- St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Luisa Heuer MD
- Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Ziyad M Hijazi MD MPH MSCAI FACC
- Professor of Pediatrics
- Department of Pediatrics
- Weill Cornell Medical College
- New York City, New York, USA
- Sidra Medical and Research Center
- Doha, Qatar
- Ilona Hofmann MD
- Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Benjamin Honton MD
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- Clinique Pasteur
- Toulouse, France
- L Nelson Hopkins MD
- Distinguished Professor of Neurosurgery
- Professor of Radiology
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
- Buffalo, New York, USA
- Samir Kapadia MD
- Section Head, Invasive and Interventional Cardiology
- Director, Sones Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories
- Director, Interventional Cardiology Fellowship Program
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Vishal Kapur MD
- The Center for Interventional Vascular Therapy, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital
- Columbia University Medical Center
- New York City, New York, USA
- Prashanth Katrapati MD
- Fellow, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Department of Internal Medicine
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Elvin Kedhi MD PhD
- Isala Hartcentrum
- Isala Klinieken
- Zwolle, The Netherlands
- Morton J Kern MD
- Professor of Medicine
- University of California, Irvine
- Orange, California, USA
- Chief of Medicine
- VA Hospital Long Beach
- Long Beach, California, USA
- Spencer King MD
- Professor of Medicine Emeritus
- Emory University School of Medicine
- Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Keinichi Komukai MD
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- Azienda Ospedaliera Papa
- Giovanni XXIII
- Bergamo, Italy
- Lukas Kreienbühl MD
- Division of Anesthesiology
- University Hospital Geneva
- Geneva, Switzerland
- Amar Krishnaswamy MD
- Associate Program Director
- Interventional Cardiology
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Dharam J Kumbhani MD SM MRCP FACC FAHA FSCAI
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Internal Medicine Division of Cardiology
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical School
- Dallas, Texas, USA
- Rony Lahoud MD
- Cardiovascular Medicine Fellow
- Heart and Vascular Institute
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Philippe L L'Allier MD
- Chief, Interventional Cardiology
- Montreal Heart Institute (MHI)
- Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- John M Lasala MD PhD
- Professor of Medicine
- Director of Structural Heart Disease Program
- Department of Cardiology
- Washington University School of Medicine
- Barnes-Jewish Hospital
- St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Azeem Latib MB BCh
- Doctor
- Interventional Cardiology
- EMO-GCM Centro Cuore Columbus
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute
- Milano, Italy
- Pil Hyung Lee MD
- Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- ASAN Medical Center
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine
- Seoul, South Korea
- Thierry Lefèvre MD
- Interventional Cardiologist
- Institut Cardiovasculaire Paris Sud
- Paris, France
- J Leipsic MD
- Associate Professor of Radiology and Cardiology
- Research Chair, Advanced Cardiac Imaging
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Thibault Lhermusier MD
- Washington Hospital Center
- Washington, DC, USA
- Marc Licker MD
- Professor
- Department of Anesthesia, Pharmacology, and Intensive Care
- University Hospital of Geneva
- Geneva, Switzerland
- A Michael Lincoff MD
- Director, Cleveland Clinic Coordinating Center for Clinical Research
- Professor of Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine Cleveland
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland Clinic
- Ohio, USA
- William Lombardi MD
- Clinical Associate Professor
- Department of Medicine
- University of Washington
- Seattle, Washington, USA
- Roberto Lorenzoni MD FESC
- Chief
- Peripheral Interventional Program
- Cardiovascular Interventional Unit
- San Luca Hospital
- Lucca, Tuscany, Italy
- A Lorido MD
- Vascular Surgeon
- Department of Cardioscience
- San Camillo-Forlanini Hospital
- Rome, Italy
- Junyang Lou MD PhD
- Interventional Cardiologist
- Southern Oregon Cardiology
- Medford, Oregon, USA
- Michael J Mack MD
- Chairman
- Heart Hospital Baylor Plano
- Medical Director
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Department of Cardiovascular
- Surgery
- Baylor Scott and White Health
- Plano, Texas, USA
- Giulia Mazzitelli MD
- Department of Vascular Surgery
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
- Gordon McLennan MD FSIR
- Professor
- Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Roxana Mehran MD
- Professor of Medicine (Cardiology)
- Department of Interventional
- Cardiology
- Health Evidence and Policy Director of Interventional Cardiovascular Research and Clinical Trials
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute
- Mount Sinai Medical Center
- New York City, New York, USA
- Mariagnese Mele MD
- Department of Vascular Surgery
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
- Oscar A Mendiz MD
- Chief
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- Fundacion Favaloro Hospital Universitario
- Buenos Aires, Argentina
- John C Messenger MD
- Professor of Medicine
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology
- University of Colorado
- School of Medicine
- Aurora, Colorado, USA
- M Militello PharmD
- Cardiology Pharmacy Specialist
- Department of Pharmacy
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Erich Minar MD
- Professor
- Department of Angiology
- Medical University of Vienna
- Vienna, Austria
- Tiziano Moccetti MD
- Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino
- Lugano, Switzerland
- Maxim Mokin MD PhD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Neurosurgery and
- Brain Repair
- University of South Florida
- Tampa, Florida, USA
- David J Moliterno MD
- Jack M Gill Chair and Professor
- Department of Internal Medicine
- University of Kentucky
- Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Debabrata Mukherjee MD
- Chairman and Professor
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center
- El Paso, Texas, USA
- C Naoum MBBS
- Cardiac Imaging Fellow
- St. Paul's Hospital
- Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Andres Navarro MD
- Interventional Cardiology and Endovascular Therapies
- Department of Cardiology
- Hospital de Los Valles
- Quito, Ecuador
- Stephane Noble MD
- Department of Specialties of Medicine
- Division of Cardiology
- University Hospital of Geneva
- Geneva, Switzerland
- Gerard O'Sullivan MD FSR
- Doctor
- Department of Radiology
- University College Hospital
- Galway, Ireland
- Sameer Pancholy MD FACC FSCAI
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Department of Cardiology
- Commonwealth Medical College
- Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA
- Vasileios F Panoulas MD MRCP PhD
- NIHR Clinical Lecturer
- Faculty of Medicine
- Imperial College London
- London, United Kingdom
- Seung-Jung Park MD
- Professor
- Department of Interventional
- Cardiology
- University of Ulsan College of Medicine
- Seoul, South Korea
- Elena Pasotti MD
- Department of Cardiology
- Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino
- Lugano, Switzerland
- Manesh R Patel MD
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Director Interventional Cardiology
- Duke University
- Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Parag Patel MD
- Advanced Cardiac Imaging Fellow
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Tejas Patel MD DM FACC FSCAI
- Chairman and Chief Interventional Cardiologist
- Department of Cardiology
- Apex Heart Institute
- Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Giovanni Pedrazzini MD
- Department of Cardiology
- Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino
- Lugano, Switzerland
- Femi Philip MD
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- University of California
- Davis Medical Center
- Sacramento, California, USA
- Janine Pöss MD
- Doctor
- Department of Cardiology
- University Heart Centre Lübeck
- Lübeck, Germany
- Roshan Prakash MBBS MRCP FRACP
- Clinical Fellow
- Department of Cardiology
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Lourdes R Prieto MD
- Associate Professor
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology Director, Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
- Case Western Reserve University
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Pritesh Punjabi MD DM
- Interventional Fellow
- Department of Cardiology
- Rambam Medical Center
- Haifa, Israel
- Rishi Puri MBBS PhD
- Doctor
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Mohammad Qasim Raza MD
- Clinical Research Fellow
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Grant W Reed MD
- Fellow
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Markus Reinartz MD
- Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Charanjit S Rihal MD MBA
- Professor of Medicine
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases
- Mayo Clinic
- Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Marco Roffi MD
- Director, Interventional Cardiology
- Geneva, Switzerland
- Vice-Chairman of Cardiology, and Director of the Interventional
- Cardiology Unit, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Jason H Rogers MD
- Professor
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
- University of California
- Davis Medical Center
- Sacramento, California, USA
- Ariel Roguin MD PhD
- Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- Rambam Medical Center
- Haifa, Israel
- Eric E Roselli MD
- Staff Surgeon
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Mark Sands MD
- Section Head
- Interventional Radiology
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Mariangela Santoni MD
- Department of Radiological Sciences
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
- Antoine Sauguet MD
- Department of Interventional
- Cardiology
- Clinique Pasteur
- Toulouse, France
- Paul Schoenhagen MD
- Associate Professor
- Department of Radiology
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Ziad Sergie MD MBA
- Cardiology Fellow
- Cardiovascular CT/MRI
- Division of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- New York City, New York, USA
- Carlo Setacci MD
- Full Professor
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Neuroscience
- University of Siena
- Siena, Italy
- Francesco Setacci MD
- Professor
- Department of Vascular Surgery
- Sapienza University of Rome
- Rome, Italy
- Arnold H Seto MD MPA
- Assistant Clinical Professor
- Chief, Cardiology
- Long Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center
- Long Beach, California, USA
- Rohan Shah
- Medical Student
- Duke University School of Medicine
- Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Sanjay Shah MD DM
- Director
- Department of Cardiology
- Apex Heart Institute
- Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Samin K Sharma MD
- Professor of Medicine
- Department of Cardiology
- Mount Sinai Hospital
- New York City, New York, USA
- Satyavan Sharma MD DM FACC
- Professor and Head
- Department of Cardiology
- Bombay Hospital Institute of Medical Sciences
- Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Mehdi H Shishehbor MD
- Director
- Endovascular Interventions
- The Heart and Vascular Institute
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Samuel L Sidharta MBBS BMedSC
- Research Fellow
- Cardiovascular Investigation Unit
- Department of Cardiovascular Services
- Royal Adelaide Hospital
- Adelaide, South Australia
- Horst Sievert MD
- Professor
- Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Vasile Sirbu MD
- Medical Doctor
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Azienda Ospedaliera Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital
- Bergamo, Italy
- Ernest Spitzer MD
- Cardiologist
- Department of Interventional Cardiology
- Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center
- Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- James Spratt MD
- Forth Valley Acute Hospitals
- Larbert, Scotland
- Eugenio Stabile MD
- Division of Cardiology
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences
- Federico II University
- Naples, Italy
- Barbara E Stähli MD
- Montreal Heart Institute
- University of Montreal
- Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- S Steiner MD MSc
- Senior Physician
- Department of Interventional
- Angiology
- Medical Faculty
- Leipzig University
- Leipzig, Germany
- Gregg W Stone MD
- Professor of Medicine
- Department of Medicine
- Division of Interventional Cardiology
- Columbia University Medical Center
- Cardiovascular Research Foundation
- New York City, New York, USA
- Patcharapong Suntharos MD
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology
- Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Hussam Suradi MD FACC ABVM
- Assistant Professor of
- Internal Medicine and Pediatrics
- Department of Cardiology, Rush University
- Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Jean-Claude Tardif MD
- Professor of Medicine
- Director, Research Center
- Department of Medicine
- Montreal Heart Institute
- University of Montreal
- Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Holger Thiele MD
- Professor of Internal Medicine and Cardiology
- Medical Clinic II (Cardiology, Angiology, Intensive Care Medicine)
- University Heart Center Lübeck
- Lübeck, Germany
- Michael P Thomas MD
- Clinical Lecturer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Dustin Thompson MD
- Associate Staff
- Interventional Radiology
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Matthew I Tomey MD
- Fellow
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute
- Icahn School of Medicine at
- Mount Sinai
- New York City, New York, USA
- Guillermo Torre-Amione MD PhD
- Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- Tecnologico de Monterrey
- Monterrey, Mexico
- The Methodist Hospital
- Houston, Texas, USA
- Gabor Toth MD
- Staff Member Interventional Cardiologist
- University Heart Centre Graz
- Medical University Graz
- Graz, Austria
- Alejandro R Treviño MD
- Cardiology Fellow
- Department of Cardiology
- Tecnologico de Monterrey
- Monterrey, Mexico
- E Murat Tuzcu MD
- Professor, Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
- Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Chief Academic Officer and Chief of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi
- Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Marco Valgimigli MD PhD
- Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- Director of Clinical Research
- University of Bern
- Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
- Javier A Valle MD
- Fellow
- Division of Cardiology
- University of Colorado School of Medicine
- Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Arnoud WJ van't Hof MD PhD
- Department of Cardiology
- Isala Hospital
- Zwolle, The Netherlands
- Jos C van den Berg MD PhD
- Associate Professor of Radiology
- University of Bern
- Bern, Switzerland
- Head of Service of Interventional Radiology
- Ospedale Regionale di Lugano
- Sede Civico
- Lugano, Switzerland
- Eliseo Vano PhD
- Professor of Medical Physics
- Department of Radiology
- Complutense University
- Madrid, Spain
- Laura Vaskelyte MD
- Cardiovascular Center Frankfurt
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Andres F Vasquez MD
- Division of Cardiology
- Washington University School of Medicine
- St Louis, Missouri, USA
- Alessandro Vivacqua MD
- Cardiovascular Attending
- Beaumont Hospital
- Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
- Ron Waksman MD
- Associate Director
- Interventional Cardiology
- Director
- Cardiovascular Research and
- Advanced Education
- MedStar Heart and Vascular Institute
- MedStar Washington Hospital Center
- Washington, DC, USA
- SA Wayangankar MD MPH
- Interventional Cardiology
- Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Patrick L Whitlow MD
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
- Cleveland Clinic
- Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Stephan Windecker MD
- Professor and Chairman
- Department of Cardiology
- Bern University Hospital
- Bern, Switzerland
- Stephen G Worthley MBBS PhD
- Professor
- Department of Cardiology
- University of Adelaide
- Adelaide, Australia
- Steven Yakubov MD FACC
- Medical Chief, Structural Heart Disease
- OhioHealth Heart and Vascular Physicians
- Riverside Methodist Hospital
- Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Jennifer Yu MD
- Mount Sinai Medical Center
- Cardiovascular Institute
- New York City, New York, USA
- Thomas Zeller MD
- Professor
- Department of Angiology
- Universitats-Herzzentrum Freiburg—
- Bad Krozingen
- Bad Krozingen, Germany
When I was a fellow learning to do coronary angioplasty from Richard Myler and Simon Stertzer, I had the privilege of meeting Andreas Gruentzig. By 1984, when we got to have a chat at one of his Emory University teaching courses, he was already regarded as the father of interventional cardiology. It took considerable courage in 1977 for him to be the first doctor to thread a balloon into the coronary artery to open the channel and relieve the patient's angina—and it worked. But those were the early days of the field, when all we had were rigid balloons, we had no idea of the right drugs (and doses) to have on board, and there were many patients who suffered significant complications. In spite of that, Gruentzig was an inspirational force with extraordinary charisma and infectious enthusiasm. His persona certainly helped propel the field forward.
Fast forward to the 1990s when I moved from the University of Michigan, running the catheter lab, to Cleveland Clinic, and the opposite happened to me. Over the ensuing years I had the rarified opportunity to work with so many über-talented fellows—and especially closely with the interventional fellows for we were connected by caring for patients together, doing procedures, and engaged in research projects. This was a heady and exciting time when we were testing new drugs like abciximab, bivalirudin, clopidogrel—and new devices including stents and atherectomy. Everything was seemingly new; we had so much to learn. The group of fellows took it all on with unmatched eagerness and work ethic. Each one demonstrated early in their careers that they truly fulfilled the proverbial “triple threat” of excellence in patient care, education (teaching each other and me) and research. Every fellow wrote and published multiple papers, and many of these were in leading journals with significant impact for how interventional cardiology would subsequently be practiced. They are now leaders in the field in many countries all over the world, including Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Israel, Italy, Argentina, Korea, Switzerland, and throughout the United States.
The fellows did more than all these things. They were the pivotal inspirational force to me. Throughout our years and the chance to work together, they provided intellectual stimulation because their curiosity was limitless. And their desire to make an impact in the field that they had chosen to be their life work was unbridled. All of this was admixed with humor and fun, although it seems hard now to remember how we were somehow able to weave that in.
So it was no surprise that many years later this group of former fellows—now leaders—would come to me with the plan to write and edit a new textbook on interventional cardiology. It would be one that would feature a global perspective, since collectively this group surely had that. Once again it surfaced: the interest and willingness to take time from their busy daily professional lives and families to work assiduously on developing this information resource.
I am immensely proud of this “fellow” group, now representing many of the go to gurus in the field, for having put this wonderful textbook together along with so many other experts in the field from all over the world. This is a group of some of the finest individuals, doctors, educators, and researchers I have ever had the privilege of working with in my career. We have lasting friendships and I always relish the chance to get to visit with them, not just to reminisce about a rarified time when there was such unique and accelerated progress in our field, but also to exchange ideas on how it can still advance. When we worked together interventional coronary procedures were quite unpredictable, with not infrequent dissections, thrombosis, and abrupt closures. Hardly were there any noncoronary structural cardiac interventions at the time, but now there are so many diverse ones with left-sided valves and beyond. So interventional cardiology grew up when we had the chance to work together. It is hardly recognizable from what it was in the 1990s.
Predictably, this textbook captures all of the ways it works now. And the father of the interventional cardiology—Andreas—would be thrilled to know that four decades later he spawned multiple generations of exemplary physician leaders. They will be relentless in striving to make the field better for patients. Their work to put this remarkable resource together exemplifies the same passion and spirit as when we all worked together—without question, a time I shall never forget.
Eric J Topol
Professor of Genomics
The Scripps Research Institute
Director, Scripps Translational Science Institute
La Jolla, California, USA
Preface
The field of interventional cardiology is growing rapidly across the globe, with advances in devices, techniques, imaging, and collaboration with surgical subspecialties. Technological advances and their adoption is quite variable across different continents. We, all editors of this textbook, although we practice in different continents, bring a unifying perspective from training at the Cleveland Clinic in the United States. We thought that bringing thought leaders from different continents to write a textbook would provide a unique textbook that can be practical and applicable all around the globe.
Interventional cardiology has three major foci for clinical practice and research, including coronary, peripheral, and structural interventions. The book is organized to address important disease states and interventions in each of these fronts. Each chapter is clinically focused and provides important technical pearls where necessary. Devices and their use are discussed including those available in different parts of the world. Despite being clinically oriented, the book is evidence-based, with tables and figures to provide organized presentation of available data. Each chapter also highlights important gaps in our understanding for future investigations. Case studies are provided with chapters to organize thought processes and procedural steps for practical guidance.
Authors who are world-renowned thought leaders in their fields and editors with their diverse but unifying background provide depth and consistency in the book that is unique. The production of the book with tables and illustrations of exquisite quality makes the book easy to read and comprehend. Tremendous effort has gone behind the scenes to make this project a success with outstanding contributions from all authors. Perspective on history and evolution of each field also provides a unique insight from stalwarts in the field who have lived through the advances.
We are hopeful that the book will be a great resource for fellows in training, physicians in practice eager to stay updated, and for researchers interested in understanding clinically important knowledge gaps.
Samir Kapadia MD
Section Head, Invasive and Interventional Cardiology
Director, Sones Cardiac Catheterization Laboratories
Director, Interventional Cardiology Fellowship Program
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank all authors for their support and diligent work along with Mr Jitendar P Vij (Group Chairman), Mr Ankit Vij (Group President), Ms Chetna Malhotra Vohra (Associate Director—Content Strategy), Angima Shree (Senior Development Editor), Joe Rusko, Bridget Meyer and Kinjal Banerjee and the Production team of Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi, India for the successful completion of this project.