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Handbook of Pain Management in Practice Sree Ranjani S

CHAPTER 1:Basics of Pain
- DEFINITION OF PAIN
- NOCICEPTION AND NOCICEPTIVE PATHWAYS
- CLASSIFICATION OF PAIN
- EFFECTS OF UNTREATED PAIN
  - Untreated Acute Pain
  - Untreated Chronic Pain
CHAPTER 2:Assessment of a Patient with Pain
- HISTORY
- EXAMINATION
  - Neurological Examination
  - Mental Status/Psychological Examination
- CHRONIC PAIN ASSESSMENT TOOLS
CHAPTER 3:Pharmacotherapy of Pain
- PARACETAMOL
- NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS
- SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS
  - Classification
  - Adverse Effects (Table 3.2)
- OPIOIDS
- ADJUVANTS
- STEROIDS
- RADIOCONTRAST AGENTS
  - Dosage
  - Adverse Effects
- LOCAL ANESTHETICS
- NEUROLYTIC AGENTS
- PLACEBO AND NOCEBO EFFECTS31
  - Placebo Effect
  - Nocebo Effect
CHAPTER 4:Radiological Assessment of a Patient in Pain
- X-RAY/RADIOGRAPH/ROENTGENOGRAPH
  - Physics of Radiation
  - X-ray Production
- MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
- COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
- ULTRASOUND SCAN
  - Physics of Ultrasound
- UPPER LIMB
- LOWER LIMB
CHAPTER 5:Acute Pain
- DEFINITIONS
- PREVALENCE3
- CAUSES
- FACTORS INFLUENCING PAIN
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- CHARACTERISTICS
- EFFECTS OF UNTREATED ACUTE PAIN
- ASSESSMENT OF PAIN
- TREATMENT
- ASSESSING TREATMENT OUTCOME
- PROGRESSION OF ACUTE TO CHRONIC PAIN
CHAPTER 6:Headache
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- CLASSIFICATION
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
  - Primary Headache
  - Secondary Headache
- HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
- INVESTIGATIONS
- ACUTE HEADACHE
- PRIMARY HEADACHES
- SECONDARY HEADACHE DISORDERS
  - Causes
  - Clinical Presentation
    - Treatment
CHAPTER 7:Facial Pain
- DEFINITION
- CLASSIFICATION
- TREATMENT
- TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS
- TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA
- IDIOPATHIC OR ATYPICAL FACIAL PAIN
- GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NEURALGIA
- POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA
- OCCIPITAL NEURALGIA
- HEMIFACIAL SPASM
CHAPTER 8:Backache
- INTRODUCTION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- ANATOMY OF SPINE
- ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
- FUNCTIONAL BACK PAIN ASSESSMENT
  - Red Flags of Backache
- EXAMINATION OF SPINE
  - Types of Examination
- INVESTIGATIONS
- TREATMENT
  - Acute Low Back Pain
    - Conservative Treatment
  - Chronic Back Pain
- SPECIFIC CONDITIONS OF THE BACK
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 9:Abdominal Pain
- TYPES
  - Acute Abdominal Pain
  - Chronic Abdominal Pain
- ETIOLOGY AND CLINICAL FEATURES
- HISTORY
- PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
- INVESTIGATIONS
  - Laboratory Studies
  - Imaging Studies
- MANAGEMENT
  - Functional Abdominal Pain
  - Chronic Intractable Abdominal Pain
- TREATMENT
  - Other Modalities
CHAPTER 10:Chronic Pelvic Pain
- INCIDENCE1
- ETIOLOGY
- PATHOGENESIS
- HISTORY
- PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
- MANAGEMENT
- INVESTIGATIONS
  - Laboratory Studies
  - Imaging Studies
- TREATMENT
- RESISTANT CHRONIC PELVIC PAIN
CHAPTER 11:Myofascial Pain
- INTRODUCTION
- MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME
- FIBROMYALGIA
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12:Musculoskeletal Pain
- PAIN ALONG SHOULDER JOINT
- PAIN ALONG ELBOW
- PAIN ALONG WRIST/HAND
  - de Quervain's Tenosynovitis
    - Clinical Features
    - Treatment17
  - Trigger Finger (Stenosing Flexor Tenosynovitis)
    - Clinical Features18
    - Treatment19
- PAIN IN THE FOOT
CHAPTER 13:Arthritis
- ANATOMY OF THE JOINT
- TYPES
- CLINICAL FEATURES
- INVESTIGATIONS
- TREATMENT
- OSTEOARTHRITIS
- RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
- GOUTY ARTHRITIS
- OTHER FORMS OF ARTHRITIS
CHAPTER 14:Neuropathic Pain
- NEUROPATHIC PAIN
- WHEN TO REFER TO A PAIN SPECIALIST?22
  - Interventions in the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain
- DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
- COMPLEX REGIONAL PAIN SYNDROME
- POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA
  - Treatment of Herpes Zoster
  - Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia
- CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
- PHANTOM LIMB PAIN
CHAPTER 15:Cancer Pain
- INTRODUCTION
- SYMPTOMS IN CANCER
- APPROACH TO CANCER PAIN
- TREATMENT GUIDELINES
- METHODS OF CANCER PAIN MANAGEMENT
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16:Peripheral Vascular Disease
- ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (Fig. 16.1)
- DISEASES COEXISTING WITH PVD
- CLINICAL FEATURES
  - Symptoms
  - Signs
- INVESTIGATIONS
- TREATMENT
CHAPTER 17:Emergencies in Pain Practice
- INTRODUCTION
- VARIOUS EMERGENCIES
- MANAGEMENT OF COMPLICATIONS4,5
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 18:Pediatric Pain Management
- INTRODUCTION
- CAUSES OF PAIN IN CHILDREN
- ASSESSMENT OF PAIN
- TREATMENT OF PEDIATRIC PAIN
  - Non-pharmacological Methods
  - Pharmacological Interventions
    - Non-opioid Analgesics
    - Opioid Analgesics
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 19:Osteoporosis
- DEFINITION
- STATISTICS
- CLASSIFICATION5 (Fig. 19.1)
  - Primary Osteoporosis
    - Type 1
    - Type 2
  - Secondary Osteoporosis
- CAUSES
- PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
- SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
- EVALUATION/INVESTIGATIONS
  - Diagnosis of Osteoporosis
    - Routine X-ray
    - Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry Scan
- TREATMENT OF OSTEOPOROSIS
  - Goals
  - Treatment Options (Fig. 19.3)
- PREVENTION/RISK REDUCTION
CHAPTER 20:Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
- PHYSIOTHERAPY
  - Physiotherapeutic Modalities
    - Others
- REHABILITATION
CHAPTER 21:Interventions in Pain Management Practice
- INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
  - Contraindications
- ADVANCED INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
- HEAD AND NECK PROCEDURES
- SPINE PROCEDURES
- INTERVENTIONS IN THE ABDOMEN
  - Celiac Plexus Block (Fig. 21.6)
- NEUROLYTIC TECHNIQUES IN PAIN MANAGEMENT

INDEX

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Chapter Notes