Jaypee Brothers
In Current Chapter
In All Chapters
X
Clear
X
GO
Normal
Sepia
Dark
Default Style
Font Style 1
Font Style 2
Font Style 3
Less
Normal
More
Textbook of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases: The Health Challenge of 21st Century
Jai Prakash Narain, Rajesh Kumar
CHAPTER 1:
Noncommunicable Diseases: Health Burden, Economic Impact and Strategic Priorities
INTRODUCTION
BURDEN: MORTALITY AND RISK FACTORS
Global Situation
Regional Situation
Risk Factors
LINK WITH POVERTY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Impact on National Economies
Impact at Individual and Household Level
TACKLING NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
KEY STRATEGIES AND INTERVENTIONS
PRIORITIES FOR NATIONAL PROGRAMS
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 2:
Addressing Social Determinants and Risk Factors to Prevent Non-communicable Diseases
INTRODUCTION
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS AND RISK FACTORS
Environment
Globalization and Urbanization
Human Behavior (Life Style)
Nutrition
Health Services
Heredity
HEALTH INEQUITIES
ADDRESSING SOCIAL DETERMINANTS AND RISK FACTORS FOR NCDS
Role of Health Sector
Health-in-all Policies
Health Promotion
Political and Community Action
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 3:
Combating Noncommunicable Diseases: Global Best Practices and Lessons Learnt
INTRODUCTION
LESSONS LEARNT
EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS
TRANSLATING LESSONS LEARNT AND BEST PRACTICES INTO ACTION
The Future
Disclaimer
CHAPTER 4:
Noncommunicable Diseases in India: The Burden, Priorities and Future Plans
INTRODUCTION
MAGNITUDE OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN INDIA
Diabetes
High Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Cancer
Mental Health Disorders
Injuries
RISK FACTORS
Tobacco
Alcohol
Food Habits (Fruits and Vegetables Consumption)
Physical Activity
Overweight and Obesity
NATIONAL PRIORITIES AND FUTURE PLANS
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES
PLANS FOR PROGRAM EXPANSION
Health Promotion
Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment
Establishment/Strengthening of Health Infrastructure
Manpower Development
Outreach Services
Integration and Partnerships
Integration with AYUSH
Public-private Partnership
Research, Surveillance and Monitoring
NATIONAL MONITORING FRAMEWORK FOR PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
CHAPTER 5:
Cardiovascular Diseases: Burden, Risk Factors, Prevention and Control
INTRODUCTION
HEART DISEASE BURDEN IN INDIA
WHY INDIANS ARE AT HIGHER RISK?
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS
BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTORS
PHYSIOLOGICAL RISK FACTORS
RISK DURING INTRAUTERINE LIFE
EMERGING RISK FACTORS
PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF HEART DISEASES
Health Promotion
Early Disease Detection
Management of Existing Disease
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CHAPTER 6:
Diabetes Epidemic in India: The National Policy Imperatives
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DIABETES IN INDIA
Risk Factors
Genetic Factors
Environmental Factors
Consequences of Type 2 Diabetes
PRIORITY INTERVENTIONS
Early Diagnosis and Management
Prevention
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN DIABETES CONTROL
Opportunities
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 7:
Cancer Screening and Prevention in India
INTRODUCTION
CANCER AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS
CERVICAL CANCER
Pap Smear Screening
Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid
HPV Testing
Prevention through HPV Vaccination
BREAST CANCER
Mammography
Breast Self-examination
Clinical Breast Examination
ORAL CANCER
Oral Screening
OTHER CANCERS
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 8:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Epidemiology and Management
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Risk Factors
Tobacco Smoking
Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Air Pollution
Indoor Air Pollution
Occupation
Familial and Genetic Factors
PATHOGENESIS
CLINICAL FEATURES
Predominantly Chronic Bronchitis
Predominantly Emphysema
DIAGNOSIS
Pulmonary Function Testing
Imaging
Other Investigations
COMPLICATIONS
PROGNOSIS
PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
Prevention
Treatment Stable Phase COPD
Antismoking Measures
Bronchodilator Therapy
Corticosteroids
Oxygen
Noninvasive Ventilation
Vaccination
Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Lung Volume Reduction Surgery (LVRS)
Lung Transplantation
Other Therapies
Management of Acute Exacerbation of COPD
Oxygen
Bronchodilators
Treatment of Respiratory Infection
Corticosteroids
Assisted Ventilation
Noninvasive Ventilation
Invasive ventilation
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 9:
Mental Illness: Integrating its Management with Other Noncommunicable Diseases
INTRODUCTION
MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER CLASSIFICATION
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Global
India
RISK FACTORS
SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACT OF MENTAL ILLNESS
BURDEN ON THE CAREGIVERS
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER AND OTHER NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Cardiovascular Diseases
Diabetes
Cancer
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
MENTAL DISORDERS IN SPECIAL POPULATIONS
Children
Old Age
Women Pregnancy
Postpartum Depression
Postpartum Psychosis
MANAGEMENT
Schizophrenia
Phases of Treatment in Schizophrenia
Depression
Phases of Treatment in Depression
Mania and Bipolar Disorder
Psychosocial Management of Psychiatric Illness
Preventive and Promotive Intervention in Management of Mental Illness
Home-based Interventions
Preschool Educational and Parenting Interventions
School Based Interventions
Youth and Employment Based Interventions
Geriatric Mental Health Promotion Based Interventions
Community Mental Health Promotion Interventions
INTEGRATION OF MENTAL HEALTH PROMOTION AND MENTAL ILLNESS PREVENTION WITH CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION
Action Framework
Child and Adolescent Mental Health
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 10:
Childhood Obesity and its Determinants
DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT OF OBESITY
Body Mass Index
Waist Circumference and Waist-hip Ratio
Body Fat
Body Shape and Fat Distribution
OBESITY EPIDEMIOLOGY
Adulthood Obesity
Childhood Obesity
Global
India
Determinants of Overweight and Obesity
Biology
Early Life Period—Association of Birth Weight with Obesity
Adolescence
Genetics and Epigenetics
Heritability
Inflammation and Infection
Neuropsychological Factors
Gender
Ethnicity
INDIVIDUAL LEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
Dietary Intake
Parenting and Family Characteristics
SOCIETAL FACTORS
Obesity and Evolution: Are there any Evolutionary Roots to Obesity?
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 11:
Health Promotion and Education: The Bedrock of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention Programs
INTRODUCTION
THE CHALLENGE OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES AND ROLE OF HEALTH PROMOTION
Emergence of Health Promotion and Education in Public Health
HEALTH PROMOTION STRATEGIES
Settings Approach in Health Promotion
Critical Role of Health Education in Health Promotion
Health Communication
For Decision and Policy Makers
For Work Place Management
For Work Place Employees
For School Management and Teachers
METHODS AND CHANNELS USED FOR HEALTH COMMUNICATION
EVALUATION OF HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMS
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 12:
Rational Use of Medicines in Diabetes and Hypertension
DIABETES MELLITUS
Combining Oral Hypoglycemic Agents and Insulin
Insulin Therapy
Barriers to Insulin Therapy
Storage, Injection Sites and Administration
HYPERTENSION
Goals of Therapy
Antihypertensive Drug Therapy
Drug Treatment Titration Strategies
Rational Drug Combinations
CHAPTER 13:
Research Priorities in Noncommunicable Diseases: Evidence Driving National Policy and Program
INTRODUCTION
ROLE OF EVIDENCE IN SHAPING POLICY AND PROGRAMS FOR NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS TO ADDRESS NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Burden and Epidemiology
Health Economics and Financing
Heath Care Delivery
Sectoral Cooperation
Surveillance, Monitoring and Evaluation
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 14:
Communicable Diseases Leading to Noncommunicable Diseases in South- East Asia Region
CAN COMMUNICABLE DISEASES LEAD TO NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES?
Helicobacter Pylori and Stomach Cancer
Hepatitis B Virus and Liver Cancers
Human Papilloma Virus and Cervical Cancers
Escherichia coli and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Group A Streptococcal Infections Leading to Acute Glomerulonephritis and Rheumatic Heart Diseases
PREVENTION OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES THROUGH CONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Use of Vaccines
Use of Antimicrobial Agents
Efficient Screening of Blood for Hepatitis Viruses
Improving Lifestyles
Way Forward
Disclaimer
CHAPTER 15:
Combating Non-communicable Diseases: Applying Lessons Learned from Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS
INTRODUCTION
BURDEN AND CHALLENGE OF MANAGING NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN LOW AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES
DOTS TUBERCULOSIS PROGRAMME FRAMEWORK
MOVING THE DOTS PARADIGM TO CHRONIC CARE: THE MALAWI HIV/AIDS MODEL
MANAGING NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES USING THE “DOTS” PARADIGM
Securing Political Commitment with Adequate and Sustained Funding
Diagnosis and Treatment
Monitoring, Recording and Reporting
Drug Procurement and Distribution
OTHER USEFUL LESSONS FOR NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE COMMUNITY FROM HIV/AIDS PROGRAMMES
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER 16:
Intersectoral Collaboration for the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases
A PERSPECTIVE ON THE NEED FOR INTERSECTORAL COLLABORATION
EQUITY AND THE RATIONALE FOR INTERSECTORAL COLLABORATION
NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES DETERMINANTS: THE PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE OF MODIFIABLE FACTORS
Stakeholders in the Intersectoral Approach to Noncommunicable Disease Control: What Sectors are Involved?
Political Leadership
Health Sector
Civil Society, Community and Grassroots Involvement
Academia, Educational Institutions and Research Organizations
Pharmaceutical Industry and Essential Medicines
Private Sector
Media
Professional Societies and International Organizations
Other Sectors which Influence Risk Predisposition
BRINGING ABOUT INTERSECTORAL COLLABORATION
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
CHAPTER 17:
Health System Response to Noncommunicable Diseases: A Public Health Approach
INTRODUCTION
NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA REGION
Health System: Challenges and Opportunities for NCD Prevention and Control
Universal Health Coverage for Noncommunicable Diseases
A PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH TO NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES: PASSIVE CASE FINDING WITH ACTIVE MANAGEMENT AND FOLLOW-UP
Primary Health Care Versus Hospital Care as a Strategy for Health Promotion, Prevention and Care for NCDs
A Manageable Minimum Package of Services as a Start
IMPLEMENTING THE PUBLIC HEALTH APPROACH: THE FRAMEWORK
Promotion of Healthy Lifestyle and Prevention of Disease
Promotion of Healthy Lifestyle and Prevention: At community and at Primary Health Care Facilities (Passive Case Finding)
Facility Based Care: At Primary Care Facilities (Early Detection, Active Management and Follow-up)
HEALTH SYSTEM BUILDING BLOCKS
Services Delivery
Health Workforce
Medical Products and Supplies
Health Information System
Financing
Leadership and Governance
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
CHAPTER 18:
Noncommunicable Diseases: A Global Response and the Role of the United Nations
NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES: THE HEALTH TSUNAMI OF THE 21ST CENTURY
A GLOBAL COMMITMENT TO ACT
Promoting a Multisectoral Response
A WHOLE OF UNITED NATIONS’ RESPONSE
The ITU-WHO mHealth Initiative19
Programme of Action for Cancer Therapy
MULTISTAKEHOLDER PARTNERSHIPS
ENABLING FUNCTIONS FOR MULTISECTORAL ACTION THROUGH MULTISTAKEHOLDER PARTNERSHIPS
CONCLUSION
INDEX
TOC
Index
×
Chapter Notes
Save
Clear
