A
Acellular cementum 16
Actinomyces israelii 375
Air emphysema 354
Alara, principles of 112
Alkaptonuria 384
Allergy 140
Amelogenesis imperfecta 384
Anesthesia, evaluation of 315
Antibiotic paste 503
Anticurvature filing 254
Anxiety, management of 312
Apexogenesis 503
Apical canal transportation, type III 349
Apical perforation 349f
Apical-root fracture 410
Apical-third filling 307
Arterioles 11
Arteriovenous anastomoses 11
Asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis 68
Azithromycin 319
B
Bacteria-tight seal 406
Bacteroides forsythus 415
Bacteroides melanogenicus 87
Barbed broaches 172f
Bayonet-shaped canals 227f
Bioactive glass 276
Biomaterial centered infection 95
Bone cyst 118
Bone forming cells 16
Bone morphogenetic protein 502
Bone-resorbing cells 16
C
Calcibiotic root canal sealer 292
compounds 442
containing sealers 291
in canal, application of 275
points 274
pulpotomy 446
with iodoform 275f
Calcium phosphate cement obturation 308
Camphorated parachlorophenol 276
Canal blockage 345
Canal obstructions, removal of 381
Canal system, type of 25
Candida 267
Candida albicans 415
Carbamide peroxide 388
Carbide bur, safe-ended 164f
Carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resin posts 365
Cardiac pacemaker 168
Caries and defective restorations, removal of 203f
Caries causing pulpitis 53f
Cells of alveolar bone 17
Cells of pulp 10
Cellular cementum 14
Cemental dysplasia 118
Cementoblasts 16
Cementoenamel junction 202
Central nervous system 312
Cephalosporins 319
Ceramic veneer, use of 400
Cervical invasive resorption 480
Champagne bubble test 209f
Chloropercha 299
Chronic abscess or phoenix (rebirth) 331
Ciprofloxacin 319
Clindamycin 319
Cohen's pathways of pulp 360
Compartment syndrome 351
Complete roof removal 218
Complete/cervical pulpotomy 445
Composite resin core 368
Composite resin system (retroplast) 436
Core built-up material 369f
Core restoration 360
Coronal disassembly 378
Coronal leakage 415
Coronal root fractures 410
Coronal seal, methods to enhance 310
Crown-down technique 251f
Crown-root fracture 330f
Cytokines 133
D
Debridement of canal, incomplete 342f
Deciduous molar 455f
Defense cells 10
Dens evaginatus 32
Dens invaginatus 31
Dental biologic tissues
changes during inflammation 134
Dental ethics 495
Dental health care personnel 192
Dental hypersensitivity, management of 487t
Dental illness 100
Dental infection to maxillary sinus 103f
Dental lasers 488
Dental loupes 159
Dental negligence and malpractice 496
Dental operatory 193
Dental papilla (forms dentin and pulp) 6
Dental personnel 193
cell-free zone of Weil 9
cell-rich zone 9
classify diseases of 66
connective tissue of 131
formed 6
odontoblastic zone 8
unique features of 51f
Dental sac 6
Dental trauma 401
Dental treatment procedures 56
Dential hypersensitivity 486f
Dentin 483f
acid etching of 65
dysplasia 32
fracture 413
reparative 52f
sclerosis 51
sensitivity 483
Dentin-chip 307
Dentino enamel junction 482
Dentinogenesis imperfecta 384
Dentin-pulp complex 5
Dentistry, antibiotics in 317
Derivatives of phenol 276
Diamond bur 164
Digital tactile sense 234
Direct vital pulp therapies 459
Distal angulation 116f
Distal root canal of mandibular second molar, infection in 76f
Distobuccal canal orifice 218
Doxycycline 319
E
Electronic apex locator 167
Elements obturation unit 303f
Elliptication, causes of 349
Ellis and Davey's classification 402
En masse crown fracture 413
Endo access bur 206f
Endoactivator system 278f
Endodontic 92
advances, research-based 498
armamentarium 158
biofilm 94
types of 97f
cases 373
diagnosis, accurate 129
drugs used in 318f
after treatment 335
before treatment 326
classification of 325
midtreatment 323
treatment, Weine's classification of conditions 325
explorer 167f
failure 373
classification of 376
gauge 242f
control in 192
types of 88f
asepsis and sterilization of 192
aspiration of 496
classification of 169
disinfection of 198
interpretation in 116
primary 418
management, nonsurgical 373
materials 158
microbiology 83
microbrushes 277f
classification of 337
classify 336
management 336
prevention 336
past and present 4t
periodontal diseases 416f
practice, malpractice in 496
preparation in maxillary premolar 215
steps of nonsurgical 377
sonics and ultrasonics in 180f
classification of 427
in geriatric patients 473
postoperative sequelae 437f
role of 146
surgical 425
armamentarium 429
phase 430
procedure 29
role of isthmi in 29
failure 497
in geriatric patient 471
inadequate 415
of pediatric patients 450
revascularization 505
success of 357
triad 199
use of
sonic devices for 178
sonics in (endosonics) 179
ultrasonics (endosonics) 179
Endodontically treated mandibular second molar 343f
Endodontic-periodontal diseases 415
Endodontist, enigma to 42
Endoflare 258f
Endometrics 234
Endovac irrigation system 279f
Engine-driven handpieces 177
Engine-driven instruments 177
Epiphany sealer 293
Erythroblastosis fetalis 384
Extracellular polymeric substances 92
Extraoral examination 106
F
Ferric sulfate pulpotomy 461
Fiberoptic endoscope 161
Fibers 11
Fibroblast growth factor 502
Finger plugger for obturation 187f
Finger-held spreader for obturation 186f
Fissure carbide bur 164
Flap design, triangular 431f
Focal sclerosing osteomyelitis 79
Formaldehyde 276
Formocresol pulpotomy 445
Foundation restoration 371
Fungi 415
G
Galilean optical system 159
Genera actinomyces 374
Geriatric dentistry 468
Giant cell granuloma 118
Gingival recession 471f
Gingival sulcus 340
Glass bead sterilizers 196f
Glass fiber posts 365f
Glass fiber-reinforced epoxy resin posts 365
Glutaraldehyde pulpotomy 460
Glutaraldehyde, advantages of 460
Gram stain technique, classification to 87
Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria 267
Grossman's sealer 290
Gutta-percha 283
canal-warmed 299
carrier-based 285
chemically plasticized cold 299
compaction of 186
cone 419
for newer obturation systems 285
lateral compaction of 295
removal of 187
removal techniques 380
sterilization of 296
stick 285
heated 121f
technique
solid core carrier-based 306
thermoplasticized injectable 306
with additives 285
with sealants, solid core 295
H
Halogens 276
Hand-operated instruments 170
Hank's balanced salt solution 412
Hard tissue surgical access 432
Healing of perforation 340
Hemorrhage from surgical site, management of 433
Hemostasis 406
Hertwig's epithelial root sheath 77
Holmium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser 278
Hydrochloric acid-pumice abrasion 398
Hypoplastic maxillary teeth 106f
I
Immunity in endodontics, role of 135
Infection, elimination of 317
Infection, prevention of 317
Inflammatory cells 132
Inflammatory paradental cyst 118
Ingle's endodontics 476
Intracanal brushes 277
Intracanal microbial biofilms 94
of endodontically treated teeth, side effects of 397
of maxillary right central incisor 395f
of teeth, side effects of 399f
Intraoral examination 106
Intrapulpal hemorrhage 385
Intrapulpal injection 315f
Irreversible pulpitis 68
in immature permanent tooth 446
with acute apical periodontitis 326
causes 327
signs 326
symptoms 326
Irrigant-related mishaps 333
L
Laser light emission 489
Laser-assisted root canal preparation technique 261
Lingual opposite buccal 116f
Liquid EDTA for removal of smear layer 273f
Local anesthesia, armamentarium for 163
Lymphocytes 11
Lysosomal enzymes 133
M
Magnifying loupe 206f
Mandibular anesthesia 313
deep occlusal 441f
mesial root of 110f
periradicular infection in 86f
proximal caries approaching pulp 441f
pulp, deep occlusal caries in 110f
tooth
osteitis in relation to 79f
postoperative 46f
preoperative 46f
with canals 225f
with endodontic 421f
with five canals 45f
with four canals 45f
with pulp polyp 143f
with radix entomolaris
postoperative 46f
preoperative 46f
with severe periodontal lesion 421
with three canals 45f
with three mesial canals
postoperative 46f
preoperative 46f
Mandibular molar
cavity preparation in 225f
taurodontism in 32f
teeth 223
with deep carious lesion 419f
Mandibular posterior teeth, in child 454f
C-shaped canal in 27f
tooth
osteitis in relation to 79f
postoperative 48f
postoperative 48f
preoperative 48f
with four canals 47f
with three canals 47f
with two canals 47f
Mandibular teeth, periodontal involvement in 144f
Mast cells 11
Materials
bleaching 388
disinfection of root canal 169
isolation of endodontic field 163
obturation 282
postendodontic restoration 190
vital pulp therapy, techniques and 439
Maturogenesis 503
Maxilla, posterior 427
Maxillary anesthesia 315
Maxillary anterior region 457f
cavity form of 218f
cavity preparation of 219f
tooth, MB2 canal in 120f
with four canals 38f
postoperative 38f
preoperative 38f
with three canals 38f
postoperative 38f
preoperative 38f
with two palatal canals 38f
Maxillary posterior region 457f
Maxillary rhinosinusitis 102
Maxillary second and third molars, concresence of 31f
carious destruction of 356f
cavity form of 219f
with canal 39f
with four canals 40f
with two canals 39f
Maxillary sinus 427
Medicated sealers 293
Melton's classification of C-shaped canals 27
Memory t-cells 132
Mesenchymal cells 11
Mesial and distal boundary 218
Mesial angulation 116f
Mesial canal 225f
Mesiobuccal canal, second 218
Metal-core obturation 286
Metallic core materials 367
Metronidazole 319
Micro-endodontics, instruments for 161
Mid-root fractures 410
Midtreatment flare-ups 334f
Mishaps related to post placement 353
Monocytes and macrophages 475
Motor for rotary instrumentation 184f
Mouse-hole effect 201f
MTA pulpotomy 461
Mucoperiosteal flap 431
Multi-lens optic system 159
Multirooted teeth, post placement in 366
Myofascial pain vs pulpal pain 103
N
Necrosed pulp 136f
Necrotic immature permanent tooth 503
Necrotic pulp 53f
Necrotic root canal 420
Neuropathic pain vs pulpal pain 104
Neuropeptides 133
Neurovascular pain vs pulpal pain 104
Neurovascular structures, damage to 351
Nickel-titanium 299
advantages of 183
alloys, phases of 181
disadvantages of 183
hand and rotary 179
properties of 180f
rotary instrument
devices for 184
Nitric oxide 133
Noncollagenous proteins 356
Nonmetallic cores 368
Nonnarcotic analgesics 316
Nonrestorable teeth 144f
Normal periradicular tissues 72f
Noxious stimuli affecting dental pulp 52
O
Obturation techniques 295
Obturation, preparation for 293
Occlusal anatomies 202
Odontalgia, symptoms of 103
Odontoblast 10
Odontoblastic process 483f
Odontoclasts and cementoclasts 475
Opioid analgesics 316
Oral foci of infection 131
Orthodontic extrusion 423
Osteoblasts 16
Osteoclasts 16
Osteogenic effect 292
Osteomyelitis 118
Ozonated water irrigation 278
P
Pain control 312
Palatal roots 428
Palatine artery, anterior 428
Palatine foramen 428
Paste filling materials 287
Pediatric endodontics 450
Periodontal examination 324
Periodontal fibers, types of 17
Periodontal pocket 421f
Periradicular curettage and biopsy 433
Permanent anterior teeth in child, trauma to 454f
Phenol and phenol derivatives 276
Phoenix abscess 331
Plasma derived mediators 133
Platelet derived growth factor 502
Polyethylene fiber-reinforced posts 365
Polymerase chain reaction method 91
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils 132
Porphyria 384
Porphyromonas endodontalis 267
Post and core restorations 372
Post related mishaps 353
Post removal system 379f
Postbleach sensitivity of teeth 391
Postbleaching inflammation of periodontal ligament 398
Posteruptive causes 385
Postobturation restoration 357
Potassium nitrate 485
Predentin 483f
Prevotella intermedia 415
Primary apical periodontitis, pathogenesis of 81
Primary permanent tooth 451f
material for 465t
materials in pulpectomy of 465t
obturation material for 464
obturation techniques in 466
traumatic injuries to 413
Propionibacterium 87
Protaper endodontic files 256f
Pseudomonas 87
Pulp
arterial supply of 11
bacterial invasion into 52f
caries involving 421f
extirpation of 464f
functions of 13
gangrenous necrosis of 327
causes 327
diagnosis 327
treatment 328
types 327
infected 85f
nerve supply of 14f
tissues 12
structural elements of 10
zones of 8f
Pulp and periodontal tissues, intercommunication between 414
Pulp and periodontium, inter-relationship between diseases of 415
Pulp degeneration 69
Pulp dressing 405
Pulp exposure 413
crown fracture with 329
crown fracture without 329
in mesially inclined mandibular molar 85f
to trauma 85f
Pulp fibroblast 10
Pulp hemorrhage 446
Pulp inflammation (pulpitis) 67
Pulp necrosis, types of 71
Pulp regeneration 505f
Pulp stones 70f
Pulp tests 118
Pulp tissue, pain related to incomplete removal of 331
Pulp to cavity
and crown preparation 57
cleansing and sterilization 59
preparation using air abrasion 60
Pulp to laser procedures 60
Pulp to periodontal procedures 56
Pulp to periodontium, infection from infected 421f
Pulp to polishing of restorations 60
Pulp to specific dental materials 60
Pulp to ultrasonic scaling of teeth, reaction of 57f
Pulp to vital bleaching techniques 60
Pulp vitality testing 56
Pulpal blood supply 11f
Pulpal diagnostic tests 454
Pulpal infection, cause of 86f
Pulpal pain, classification of 102
Pulpitis, symptomatic irreversible 68
Pulse oximetry 123
Push-pull motion 243f
R
Radicular cyst 78
Redox reaction 384
Regenerative dentistry 500
Resin sealers 292
Resin-based sealer-AH plus 292f
Resin-based self-etch root canal sealer 293f
Resin-modified glass ionomer core 369
Restorative resins 61
Restorative treatment 446
Rhinosinusitis, symptoms of 103
Rickert's sealer 290
Root 117
Root anatomy 366
Root and root canal system 425
Root apex, anatomy of 26
anatomy of apical portion of 25
apical width of 240f
bacteria in infected 87
biomechanical preparation of 231
components of 20
delivery of sealers in 187
effective shaping of 243
infected 86
instruments of 186
ledge formation in 347f
microbes from 89
microbial flora of 84
microbiology of infected 89f
shaping of 464f
underfilling of 335
Root canal anatomy of individual teeth, primary 451
Root canal disinfectant 265
Root canal infections 87
Root canal of primary teeth 464
devices for 169
hand instruments for 172
instruments for 169
of apical third and body of canal 247f
rotary instrumentation 254
sonics 261
step down technique of 250
step-back method of 245
steps of crown-down technique of 249
terminology for 241
ultrasonics 261
Root canal system 19
activation of irrigants in 277f
anatomic complexities in 26
anatomic components of 19
classification of 22
components of 20f
in geriatric patient 470f
in root, types of 21
in young adult tooth 470f
internal anatomy of 19
of individual teeth 32
solutions in 276
Weine's classification of 23f
with increasing age 21f
Root perforations 415
Root resection 422
Root resorption 117
classification of 475
differences between external and internal 480
cervical 397
mechanism of 475
types of
external 476
internal 479
Root-end resection, angle of 434
Roots and root canals, anatomy of 227
Roots of maxillary molar, apical third of 31f
Rotary endodontic file, components of 181f
Rotary instrumentation 254
Roth's sealer 290
S
Schilder technique 299
Sealapex root canal sealer 291f
Sealer placed in root canal 288
Sickel cell anemia 384
Silicone-based sealers 293
Sodium perborate 388
Sound tooth structure remaining-nonrestorable tooth 144f
Streptococcus faecalis 87
Strontium chloride 485
Stropko irrigator 266
Sulfur granules 95
Supernumerary roots 32
Superoxidized water 276
T
Teeth
accessibility of 142
anterior 359
classify traumatized 402
cracked 64
crowded 228
development of 6
discolored nonvital 143f
hypersensitive 482
injury to 62
internal resorption in 120f
laminates for discolored 400
management of 412
mobility of 108f
normal 85f
opening in wrong 337
perpendicular to 116f
posterior 359
preparation of individual 211
regressive changes in 469
root of 109
permanent 474
primary 474
rotated 228
structurally sound anterior 359
traumatic injury to (acute trauma) 63
veneer for discolored 400
vitality of 471
Teeth, in pediatric patients 450
Teeth to tetracycline, discoloration of 384f
Teeth to wasting diseases, yellowish discoloration of 386f
Teeth with curved canals 227
Teeth with minimal coronal tooth structure 228
Temporary filling 205f
Temporary restorations 189
Test cavity 126
Tetracycline isomer, mixture of 272
Thalassemia 384
Thermafil obturator 307f
Thermocatalytic bleaching 397
Tissue regeneration 503
Tooth crown of caries 116
Tooth development, stages of 6
Tooth in arch, position of 358
Tooth infractions 64
Tooth length, measurement of 236f
Tooth pulp chamber, crown of 117
Tooth removal, overzealous 338
Tooth treatment, incorrect 496
Transillumination test 125f
Trapezoidal flap design 432f
Treponema maltophilum 415
Tubli-seal root canal sealer 291f
U
Ultrasonic cleaner 197f
Ultrasonic instrument 178
Ultraviolet photo-oxidation 397
Underextended obturation 352f
Underfilled obturation 352f
Urethane methacrylate sealers 293