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Chapter-08 Childhood Diabetes: Common Pitfalls in Diagnosis and Management

BOOK TITLE: CDiC Textbook of Pediatric Diabetes

Author
1. Tandon Nikhil
2. Agrawal Sweety
ISBN
9789352700868
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/14155_9
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2018
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, 433, Hawa Singh Block, ASAID, New Delhi 110049
2. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Chapter keywords
Childhood diabetes, type 1 diabetes mellitus, T1DM, T2DM, diabetic ketoacidosis, DKA, pancreatic diabetes, MODY

Abstract

Childhood diabetes comprises type 1, type 2, fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes, and rare genetic causes like maturity onset diabetes in the young, neonatal diabetes, and mitochondrial diabetes. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is the most common form; however, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly being reported in children and adolescents. All youth onset diabetes is not T1DM. A detailed history, physical examination, and appropriate investigations help to classify diabetes and initiate appropriate treatment. One needs to have a high index of suspicion to detect the rare forms of diabetes which may benefit from a different management strategy and needs care of associated conditions. Finally, treatment needs to be individualized and the best treatment regimen for an individual patient must be determined. Uncertainties in classification of youth onset T1DM and T2DM, and pitfalls in management of childhood diabetes are also provided in this chapter.

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