A
Airtraq 148f
Airway
assessment 54
cart, contents of difficult 216
clinical evaluation of 54
confirmation techniques of secured 190
considerations in ambulatory setting 252
control, types of 246
descriptions of difficult 211
devices, supraglottic 102
access to 221
algorithm 218fc
assessment 67
pathologies 212
equipment 102
standardization of 251
evaluation, copur scale for 64
examination 55
component 212
components of preoperative 212
exchange catheters 251
for extubation 251
extubation over supraglottic 223
management of 249
risk of 247
guidelines for difficult 250
inability to protect 221
innervation of upper 88f
laser surgery for 248
advances in 250
follow-up after difficult 225
techniques for difficult 217
manipulation, responses to 51
causes 165
management 165
prevention 165
pressure 235f-237f
bilevel positive 229
high peak 209
related nerve blocks 255
resources 251
surgeries 246
tests for assessment of 58
tone, loss of 216
ultrasonography 254
clinical applications of 255
Alfentanil 77
Allergy, latex 52
Alveolar arterial PO2 gradient 45
Alveolar carbon dioxide tension 50
Alveolar damage, diffuse 244
Alveolar gas equation 42
Amikacin 245
Aminobenzoate 85
Anesthetic pharmacology 68
Anesthetic technique, aims of 246
Anesthetizing airway for awake intubation 80
Ankylosing spondylitis 54
Anticholinergic drugs 83
Antifogging system 253
A-O gap See Atlanto-occipital gap
Aortic body 35
Apneic mass movement oxygenation 71
Apneustic center 33
APRV See Airway pressure release ventilation
Arndt wire guided endobronchial blocker 204
Arrhythmia 211
Arterial blood gases 215
Arterial-venous oxygen content 50
Arthritis 54
acid 99
anesthetic factors 98
device factor 99
effects of 99
methods to prevent 99
particulate 99
patient factors 98
prophylaxis 83
pulmonary 220
surgical factors 98
Atlanto-occipital gap 63
Atomizers 86
Atropine 83
Automatic tube compensation 241
Azygos vein arches 15
B
Balloon dilatation technique 187
Barometric pressure 50
Barotrauma 243
Benzocaine 85
Benzonatate 86
Bioimpedance cardiography 131
Bizzarri-Giuffrida blade 136
Body oxygen stores 69
Bohr's effect 44
Bohr's equation derivation 27
Bowen-Jackson blade 136
Brachiocephalic veins 14
Bridging extubation, options for 251
Bromothymol blue test 192
Bronchomalacia 214
Bronchoscopy, care after 173
Bronchospasm 163
Bronchus, main 14
Broyles’ ligament 7
Bryce Smith blade 138
Bucx blade 136
Bulb test 193
Bullard laryngoscope 252
Burns contractures 213
BURP maneuver 73
C
Callander-Thomas blade 136
Capillary distension 38
Capillary recruitment 38
Capnography, phases of 191f
Carbon dioxide transport 45
Cardiac disease 96
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema 261
Cardiovascular system 51
Carotid artery 94
Cartilages 5
Cefepime 245
Ceftazidime 245
Cells types 20
Central nervous system 51
Cephalometric radiography 65
Cerebral cortex 33
Cerebrovascular autoregulation 53
Cervical vertebra 63
Cetacaine 85
Chandy's maneuver 111
Chloride shift 45f
Ciaglias multiple dilator technique 186
Ciprofloxacin 245
Clonidine 53
C-MAC system 147f
Cocaine 84
advantages 129
alternate technique 129
contraindications 129
conventional technique 128
disadvantages 129
indications 129
insertion technique 128
Complete fiberoptic bronchoscopy 202f
Complete preoxygenation 71
Consciousness lost 79
Conus elasticus 176
Cook airway exchange catheter 150f
Corniculate cartilages 7
Coronary artery disease 85
Cricothyroidotomy 134
Cricothyrotomy 176
anatomical consideration 176
contraindications 177
indications 177
traditional surgical 181
tubes 130
CTA See Comet tail artefact
Cuneiform 7
D
Decubitus position, lateral 195
Desflurane 78
Dessication 83
Diabetes mellitus 54
Diffusion hypoxia 78
Diltiazem 53
Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine 20
Dorsal medullary respiratory neurones 31
Drugs 100
Dysphagia 123
Dysphonia 123
Dyspnea, causes of 256
E
Ecchymosis 209
Endobronchial catheter 203
alternatives for standard 131
complications of 131
cuff 157
of appropriate size 155
standard 130
End-pulmonary capillary oxygen content 50
Enflurane 78
Enterobacteriaceae 244
EPAP See Expiratory positive airway pressure
Epistaxis 162
Eschmann introducer 149
Esophageal diseases 98
Esophageal intubation 163
Esophageal sphincter, incompetent lower 98
Esophageal tracheal combitube 127
Excitation, stage of 79
Expiratory lung volume 240f
Expiratory muscles 27
Expiratory positive airway pressure 229
Extubation 219
adverse responses to 219
complications of routine 220
identifying high-risk 220
initial plan 219
of difficult airway 222
of high-risk patients 222
over fiberoptic bronchoscope 223
over tracheal tube exchange catheter 224
planning 222
normal 219
postpone 225
preparing for 222
prevention of adverse responses 219
simple algorithm for planning 221
standard 223
strategies, recommended 251
unintended 220
F
Facies-Pierre-Robin syndromes 55
Fasciculations 52
Fenum end tidal CO2 detector 191f
Fetal condition 274
common difficulties 172
complications 172
contraindications 169
indications 168
physiology 168
related to 172
technique of usage 170
Fiberoptic-aided method 207f
Finger breadth test 61
Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope 82
Flexible fiberscope 253
Flexible laryngeal mask airway 110f
Focal B-lines 262
Fogarty embolectomy catheter 208f
Foreign body aspiration 213
Fraction inspired oxygen 50
Fresh gas flow 70
G
Gas exchange 41
Gastric acid production, increased 99
Gastric filling, increased 99
Gastric tube placement 256
Gastric volume, reducing 99
Gastroesophageal reflux disease 54
Gentamicin 245
Glottic web 213
Glottis 7
Glycopyrrolate 83
Griggs technique 187
Guedel airway 102
H
Haemophilus influenzae 244
Hemangioma 213
Hemodynamic changes 220
Hering-Breuer reflex 34
Hofmann elimination 79
Huffman prism 139
Hunter's syndrome 212
Hurler's syndrome 212
Hydralazine 53
Hyoid cartilage 259f
Hypercapnia 35
Hypercarbia 244
Hypertension 211
Hypocapnia 35
Hypoplastic mandible 212
Hypotension 94
Hypoxemia 211
Hypoxia, causes of 256
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction 197t
I
ICA See Internal carotid artery
ILA See Intubating laryngeal airway
Infection 213
Inflammatory cytokines 244
Inhalational induction 77
Inhaled air passes 23
Inspiration 24
Inspiration/expiration ratio 238
Inspired oxygen level 238
Insufflation techniques 247
Internal carotid artery 260
IPAP See Inspiratory positive airway pressure
Isoflurane 78
K
Khan's blade 136
Kiesselbach's plexus 3
King vision 148f
Klippel-Feil sequence 214
Klippel-Feil syndrome 55
L
Labetalol esmolol 53
Laplace's law 20
Laryngeal cavity 7
Laryngeal incompetence 220
classic 107
disposable 115
flexible 109
indications/applications of 115
intubating 82
limitations of classic 108
proseal 111
supreme 113
Laryngeal trauma 220
Laryngomalaia 214
Laryngospasm 163
adult female 5
adult male 5
blood supply of 10f
depicting cricothyroid membrane, anatomy of 176f
infraglottic 7
internal muscles of 9f
intrinsic musculature of 9
subglottic 7
Laser resistant tracheal tubes 133
Layngopharynx 1
Lemon airway assessment 62
Levofloxacin 245
Lidocaine 84
Light bulb, variations with 136
Lingual branch 90
Lips 57
LMA See Laryngeal mask airway
LRTT See Laser resistant tracheal tubes
bronchial blocker
left 208f
right 208f
contusion 262
causes for 262
functions in 20
isolation of 195
nonventilated 209
separation 199fc
sequence for 208f
surgery, left and right 201f
ultrasonography 261
volume 240
after mechanical expiration 240f
primary 21
Lung-chest wall pressure–volume curve 28f
M
Macroglossia 212
Mandibular angle and hyoid bone, relation of 63
Mandibular protrusion test 57
Mandibular space 59
Mandibulohyoid distance 63
Manubriosternal junction 13
Mask ventilation, controlled 216
Maxillary nerve, cranial nerve 89
Maxillofacial trauma 177
Measles stomatitis 213
Medullary depression, stage of 79
Medullary respiratory center 31
Membrane location, confirmation of 182
Metochlopramide 100
Micrognathia 212
Microlaryngoscopy tubes 247
Midazolam 75
Midface hypoplasia 212
Miller blade 141f
Minimal alveolar concentration 77
Mnemonics 66
Morphine 77
Mucopolysaccharidoses 212
N
Nasal approach 90
Nasal packing 89
Nasotracheal tube 90
Nausea/vomiting 74
Nebulizers 87
Nerve 10
anterior ethmoidal 88f
blocks 87
injury 165
detection 165
innervating larynx 10f
olfactory 88f
trigeminal 88f
Nicardipine 53
Nitroprusside 53
Nitrous oxide 78
No-drop technique 183
Non-laryngeal mask airway 116
Nonstriated trachealis muscle 13
Nonventilated lung, bronchus of 208
O
Olfactory nerve 89
One lung anesthesia, high risk of 195
Opioids 77
Optical intubating stylets 254
Oral
airway 155
approach 89
cavity 57
endotracheal intubation 157
intubation, traditional method of 156f
Oropharyngeal balloon 128
Osteoarthritis 54
Oxford blade 138
Oxygen
saturation, measurement of 215
source 155
toxicity 244
transport 43
tubing 180
connector options 180
Oxyscope laryngoscope 136
P
Pancuronium 76
Patil's test 59
Pediatric blades 138
Percutaneous transtracheal jet ventilation 179
Periglottic injury 223
Peripheral chemoreceptors 35
Pethidine 77
Pharyngeal branch 92
Pierre Robin syndrome 215
Pneumotaxic center 33
Polio blade 155
Polysomnography 66
Positive end-expiratory pressure 238
Potential cervical pathology 80
Proton pump inhibitors 101
Pulmonary function testing 48
R
RAE tube See Ring-Adair-Elwyn tube
Range of movement 65
Rapid sequence induction 72
Regurgitation, risk of 223
Remifentanil 77
Renin-angiotensin system, activation of 52
Respiratory
formulas 50
function tests 215
mechanics 27
muscles 27
neurones, ventral medullary 32
pattern terminology 23
portion 4
quotient 50
rate 238
system 51
function of 19
structure of 19
tubes 24
Retropharyngeal abscess 213
Rima glottidis 7
Robertshaw blade 141f
Rusch viewmax laryngoscope 139
S
Saethre-Chotzen syndrome 212
Samsoon and young's modification 58
SCM See Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Scopolamine 83
Scoring systems 61
Sedation/hypnotics 83
Selmon's law 12
Septal abscesses 162
Shikani optical stylet 254
Siker laryngoscopes 139
Simulation, role of 252
Single graduated dilator technique 187
Skin incision, vertical 182
Snoring 54
Soft palate 90
Soft seal laryngeal mask 117
Sore throat 165
Sphenoid bone 90
Spina bifida 52
Spinal fusion 213
Spontaneous inspiration 240f
Square wave flow 236f
SSLM S Soft seal laryngeal mask
Standard insertion technique 108
Staphylococcus aureus 244
Static compliance 29f
Sternocleidomastoid muscle 260
Sternomental distance 60f
Stomach 255
Streptococcus pneumoniae 244
Styrene ethylene butadiene styrene 122
Subclavian artery, right 95
Subglottic jet ventilation 248
Supraglottic devices, newer 254
Supraglottic jet ventilation 247
Suprasternal notch, level of 260f
Surgery, proceed with 274t
Surgical anesthesia, stage of 79
Syringe test 193
Systemic arterial pressure 53
T
Terminate spontaneous breathing trial 242
Theoretical spirometric tracing 240f
Thoracic vertebra 13
Thoracoabdominal aneurysm 199
Thumb insertion technique 109
Thyrocervical trunk 9
Thyromental distance 60f
Tobramycin 245
Tonsils 92
Topicalization 84
Tracheal carina 203
Tracheal hook, insertion of 183
complications 161
difficult 211
management after failed 276t
reversible 224
sonomatic device for 194f
Tracheobronchitis 244
Tracheoesophageal lumen 128
Tracheomalacia 214
airway maintenance 185
complications 188
contraindications 185
elective 225
high 175
indications 185
insertion technique 187
intraoperative complications 188
open 185
postoperative complications 189
prolonged ventilation 185
technique 188
tube 130
insertion of 183
TRC See Tracheal cartilage
Trisomy 21 214
Tull blade 136
Tumor 262
Two lung ventilation 196f
Typical disposable atomizer 86f
V
Vancomycin 245
Vasodilators 197
Vasovagal reaction 94
Venous oxyhemoglobin saturation 68
airways 23
and perfusion, distribution of 39
application 228
assist/control 236f
complications 243
continuous positive pressure 228
control 246
mode 235f
difficult 217
inadequate 227
initiating 231
invasive 231
mechanical 243
basic classification 227
newer modes of 239
noninvasive 227
perfusion
distribution 40f
relationships 39
respiratory 243
strategies 227
volume control 238
Ventricular transmural pressure, left 228
Verapamil 53
Vertebral body 260
Video Macintosh intubation laryngoscope 253
Videolaryngoscopy, role of 250
Viewmax blade 142f
Volutrauma 243
Vomiting 52