A
ABC See Aneurysmal bone cyst
Abdomen, computed tomography of 636
Abdominal flap, random pattern 1911
Abdominis, transversus 1045
Abduction external rotation position 1101
Abduction, limited range of 738
Abductor evertor muscles 715
Abductor insufficiency 455
Abductor weakness 984
ABO blood groups 641f
Abraham Colles 2047
Abraham, osteotomy technique of 1247
Abrasion 1897
drainage of 142
formation, indication of 1872
management of 1615
recurrence of 1873
retroperitoneal 452
warm, formation of 1870
Absolute intracompartmental pressure 575
Absorbing excessive exudate 2080
Abutment syndrome 1786
Acanthosis nigricans 687
Acceleration 1675
Accessory navicular tibiale externum 825
Acellular skin substitutes 2075
Acetabular
angle, failure of 902
anteversion 1018
cavitary defect 1290f
chondral debridement 1024
concavity, loss of 887
cup 1276
liner of 1945
dome, superior 1188
floor 1238f
fossa
line lies 1023
region of 1008
fracture, sequelae of 1237
fragment 1026
impaction bone grafting 1292
cross-section of 1009f
evaluation of 2035
nontraumatic tears of 1008
lesions 1023
lip 1017
osteolysis, Charnley zones of 1198f
osteotomy, hyaline cartilage of 917
overcoverage 1023
quadrant systems 1158
realignment 1024
region injury 1021
emnates 1025
anterior 1018
inverted 895
syndrome 1016
trimming 1007
roof
angle 1023
lateral edge of 1023
segmental defect 1290f
version, abnormalities of 1019f
bony prominences of 1016
columns of 1158f
deficient development of 887
depth of 895
dysplasia of 1023
fracture 2235
inner-wall of 903
labral junction 1010
level of 453
pedis 1330
concept 1331f
perimeter of 1008
posteroinferior 1023
quadrants of 1159f
rim of 1009f
surface of 1009
travelling 474
Acetylcholine 1069
allograft 1717
anatomy of 988f
attachment 1336
biomechanics 988
disease 990
noninsertional 990
reflex 1323
testing for 1323
tear 1412t
Z-lengthening 879
Achillodynia 2038
Acid citrate dextrose 649
Acid-fast bacilli 1610
Acidic fibroblast growth factor 1980
Acne 254
Acoustic neuroma, familial 683
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 629
Acrobot systems 1967
Acrocephalosyndactyly 845
Acrocyanosis 592
Acrodysostosis 1237
Acrofacial dysostoses 845
Acromesomelic dwarfism 908
Acromial fracture 1147
Acromiohumeral distance 1107
Acroparesthesia 1986
Acropolysyndactyly 845
Acrorenal syndrome 817
Acrosyndactyly 703
Acrylic cement injection 299
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans 162
Actinomyces 1873
gerencseriae 162
israeli 162
meyeri 162
naeslundii 162
odontolyticus 162
turicensis 162
viscosus 162
clinical features 162
epidemiology 162
histopathology 163
laboratory diagnosis 163
organism 162
radiology 163
treatment 163
Actinomycotic mycetoma 164
Active extension test 940
Acupressure 1036
Acute onset pain 1699
Acute pain, type of 1948
Acute retroviral syndrome 635
Acute trauma setting 964
Acute traumatic patellar dislocation 805
Adam complex 703
Adamantinoma 243
differential diagnosis 245
etiopathogenesis 243
histopathology 244
management 245
radiology 244
Adaptation lilliefors test 509
Adaptive carpal instability 1739
Address pain 749
Addressing gluteus medius tendonitis 1015
Adduction-flexion 345
Adduction-inversion enables 1321
Adductor 743
Adductor avulsion 1044
Adductor brevis 1182
Adductor calcification 1044
Adductor compartment syndrome 1045
Adductor gracilis syndrome 1043
Adductor inverter muscles 715
Adductor muscle fibers 1044
Adductor pollicis 751
Adductor tenotomy 744
Adenocarcinoma 362
Adhesins 132
Adhesiolysis 1478
clinical course 1135
diagnosis 1136
differential diagnosis 1137
epidemiology 1136
pathogenesis 1136
treatment 1137
Adipocyte cells 979
Adipocyte hypertrophy 276
Adipofascial flap 1908
Adipofascial turnover flap 1908
Adipose tissue 2104
Adjustable length foot abduction brace 876
ADS See Adult degenerative scoliosis
Adson's maneuver 619
Adson's test 1988
Adult deformities, classification of 1546
Adult degenerative scoliosis 1545
Adult idiopathic scoliosis 1545
Adult onset scoliosis 1545f
Adult stem cells 2097
Advance trauma life support 2000
Advanced cardiac life support 656
Aeromonas hydrophila 1963
AFB See Acid-fast bacilli
Agarose 386
Aggressive tumors 227
Aglietti system 304
Augmenting repair epitendinous suture 1881f
Ahlback classification system 396
Ahlback disease 301
Ahlback grading 403
AIN See Anterior interosseous nerve
Air gas 2037
Airbag function 1215
Airway, breathing and circulations 656
Akin procedure 1373
Alagille syndrome 1539
Albee method 477
Albers-Schonberg disease 105
Albright syndrome 240
Alfa-flex shoe 877
Algoneurodystrophy 588
Allantoin 485
Alloderm 2075
Alloimmunization 645
Alloplastic bone grafts 61
Alopecia, reversible 613
Alpha adrenergic drugs 630
Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist 593
Alpha-crystallin 466
Alpha-minimum essential medium 2104
ALS See Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Alteration of acetabular version 1023
Alumina ceramics 1213
Alumina-matrix-composite ceramics 1214
Alveolar capillary barrier 632
Amadio system 1739
Amateur street fighters 1056
American Knee Society 1967
American Rheumatological Association 1593t
American Society for Testing and Materials 1947
American-European Consensus Conference 632
Aminoglycoside 1996
Aminoglycoside antibiotics 472
Amitriptyline hydrochloride 631
Ammonia 647
Amniotic fluid 649
Amontons’ law 1193f
Amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium, combination of 1870
AMP See Austin-Moore prosthesis
Amplified musculoskeletal pain syndrome 588
Amputated part, transport of 2018
around ankle 1898
level of 2017
open 1893
revision 1893
saw 2053f
surgery
complications of 1897
principles of 1892
upper-extremity 1907
Amylase 636
Analgesia
epidural 1955
locoregional 1955
method, patient controlled 1957
pre-emptive 1954
preventive 1955
Analgesic concentration, minimum effect 1956
Anaphylactic reactions 646
ANC See Accessory neurenteric canal
Anchor funicular suture technique 1843
Ancillary therapies lifestyle modification 485
Anconeus epitrochlearis 1811
Anconeus muscle 1677
Anderson-Darling test 509
Andren-Von Rosen line 893f
Androgens 98
Anesthetic corticosteroid injection 1038
Anesthetic drugs, local 1955
clinical features 193
differential diagnosis 195
formation of 678
gross and microscopic pathology 194
primary versus secondary 192
radiology 193
treatment 195
Angelman syndrome 701
Angiography 657
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 588
Angle of cavus 724
Angle of Herzog 2056f
Angular kyphosis 1557
Angular osteotomies 295
Angular velocity 522
Angulation just below knee 764
Angulation, posteromedial 782
Animal bites 1868
Animals, organs of 2067
Anisocoria 624
anatomy of 1311
deformities of 714f
anterior subluxation of 718
arthritis 728
approaches of 311
contraindications of 309
complications of 315
contraindications 313
bony ankylosis of 728
brachial index 1894
dorsiflexion, limitation of 747f
end-stage diseases of 313
equinus of 885
patellar bearing 1937f
use of 747
inferior retinaculum of 814
injuries 991
arthrodesis of 726
bony and radiographic anatomy of 1311f
capsule 879
control and stability of 1936
ligament of 1312
lines 772
movements blood circulation 1321
movements great toe 1321
movements, biomechanics of 1317
plantar flexion, composite of 864
position of 724
ligament
injury and treatment 1344
intact anterior 728
techniques 1347
malleolus 525
movements of 525
plantar flexors 747
tightness of 747
position of 738
posterior block of 1001
restore dorsiflexion of 718
slight dorsiflexion of 739
sprain 1342f
stabilization of 1937
transfixation of 784
positioning of 786
Ankylosing hyperostosis 1582
Ankylosing spondylitis 388, 421, 438, 439f, 441, 441t, 442, 444, 998, 1237, 1351, 1558, 1585, 1586, 2114
clinical presentation 437
radiographic features 438
treatment 441
Anomalous tendon slips 1027
Antecedent trauma 1694
Antecubital fossa 1687
Antegrade flaps 1909
Anterior muscular portion intact 1028
Anterior slide test of Kibler 1096f
Anterior tarsal wedge osteotomy 725
Anterograde axonal transport 1829
Anterolateral portal pathway 1007f
Anteromedial knee pain, causes of 940
Anteverting periacetabular osteotomy 1025
Antiapoptotic strategies 1642
Antiarrhythmic drugs 614
Antibiotic
bead implantation 148f
consists, second-line 1965
impregnated bone grafts 63
therapy, local 145
treatment 1868
Anti-catabolic proteins 385
Anticholinergic drugs 630
Anti-cytokine therapies 434
Antigranulocyte scintigraphy 459
Antikeratin antibodies 426
Antimicrobial cationic peptide magainin 1359
Antineuropathic pain, pre-emptive 1955
Antiphospholipid antibodies 618
Antispasmodic drugs 631
Anti-staphylococcal titers 452
Antithrombogenic endothelium 602
Antitubercular chemotherapy 476
Anti-tumor immunity 1978
Anxiety 586
Aoki's ledge and plica alaris elongate 939
Aortic dissection 681
Aortic rupture 681
Apendicular skeleton 256fc
Aphasia 1060
Apical pulmonary neoplasm 1989
APL See Abductor pollicis longus
Apnea 2001
Aponeurectomy, segmental 1764
Apophyseal injury 1684
Apoptotic death 350
APP See Amyloid precursor protein
Appendicular skeleton 42
Apprentice spine 1564
Approximation test 1480
Apraxia 624
Aprotinin 626
Arachidonic acid 2114
Arcade of Struthers 1811
Arch
bar, anterior 725
flattening 1001
support 1000
mechanisms of 1325
orthotics 583
transverse 1324
Arcuate ligament 929
Arcuate sign 968
Arcus juvenilis 676
ARDS, See respiratory distress syndrome
Arm edema 619
Arrhythmias, cardiac 580
Artelon spacer 1771
Arterial
aneurysm, subclavian 1986
blood
pressure, mean 655
corona mortis 1181
ring, extracapsular 279
side promotes healing 2083
thoracic outlet syndrome, treatment of 1990
thrombosis 612t
Arterial-wall binding peptide 1974
Arteries, epiphyseal 18
Arteriosclerotic disease 1167
Arteriosclerotic plaques 2017
Arthralgia 429
acute 590
chronic 590
crystal 1745
deformans juvenilis 907
infectious 448
mild 1744
presence of 1779
Arthrocentesis 418
Arthrochalasia 672
Arthrodesed hip 1303
absolute contraindication 1771
anterior 1042
bilateral 1706
general principles for 1706
intramedullary 1299f
lunotriquetral 1746
position of 325
unilateral 1706
Arthroereisis 1386
Arthrokatadysis 1236
Arthrokinematics 345
Arthrolysis 1712
dialysis associated 1140
contraindications 298
impact of 2116
resection/debridement 1701
simple excision 1769f
suspension 1771
systems, navigated 1968
treated with bariatric surgery 2118
ulnohumeral 1717
unicompartmental 409t
Arthroscope 1006f
Arthroscopic-assisted bone grafting 558
Arthrosis 388
Arthrotomy, formal 349
biomechanics of 368
destruction of 1863
evaluation of 2029
function 364
hypertrophy 914
loss of 1707
management 364
phases 368
reconstruction 983
repair 380
methods 376
surface 1010
width of 909
Articular
chondrocytes 385
corpuscles 1008
hyaline cartilage, matrices of 418
lesions, treatment of 708
malalignments 1036
osteochondrosis 331
surfaces, topography of 922
syndrome, painful 479
Articularis genu 938
Articulating surfaces
friction, tribology of 1192
tribology of 1192
wear
mode, tribology of 1194
tribology of 1193
Articulolabral junction 1017
Artificial joint replacement, design of 522
Artificial total disk replacement 1465
Artificial urinary sphincter 631
Arzoxifene 89
Ascorbic acid 2014
Aseptic loosening 1295
Ashworth scale for assessment of hypertonia, modified 734t
ASIA See American Spinal Injury Association
ASIS See anterior superior iliac spine
Asparagus 485
Aspergillosis 435
Asplenia 637
Asporin gene 392
ASSH See American Society for Surgery of Hand
Astroglial scar, formation of 1834
Atacicept binds 435
Ataxic gait 529
Atherosclerotic disease 1167
Athlete's foot 1333
Athlete's recovery 1064
Atlantoaxial instability 1590f
Atlantoaxial rotatory instability 2242f
Atlanto-occipital joint 345
Atlas fracture 2242f
ATLS See Advance trauma life support
Atraumatic osteolysis 1132
Atrophic form 446
Atrophic nonunions 537f
Autocrine growth factor loop 360
Autograft 960
cortical 59
methods
advantages of 60t
disadvantages of 60t
tissue 960
transfer system 337
Autoinflammatory disease 428
Autologous donation, preoperative 648
Autologous fascia 1717
Autologous fat 1717
Autologous fibroblasts 1982
Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets 114
Autosomal recessive disorder 350
Auxiliary unicortical plate fixation 542
Avascular connective tissue 418
Avulsion amputations 2017
Avulsion fractures, types of 986f
Axer's procedure 730
Axial external rotation 1928
Axial internal rotation 1928
Axial spondyloarthritis, classification of 440t
Axilla of stump, scarring in 1918
Axillary border 1923
Axillary fold, posterior 1920
Axonal fibers 1059
Axonal loss, degree of 1802
Axons and Wallerian degeneration, disruption of 1838
Azole antifungal agents 471
Azotemia 639
B
Babcock's triangle 473
Baclofen 593
Bacterial delivery systems 1975
Bacterial endocarditis 613
Bacterial infection 164
Bacterial sepsis 635
Bacterial toxin translocation 639
Balance stability angle 1084
Ball and Socket's bony architecture, depth of 1004
Ballet dancers 994f
Ballistic DNA delivery 1974
Ballistic trauma 1992f
Balloon kissing 86
Bamboo spine 438
Baminercept 434
Banana toes 815
Bankart operation 1119
Bankart surgery, arthroscopic 1119
Baron Guillaume Dupuytren 1758
Barrel of gun 1995
Bartonella henselae 1873
Basal thumb arthritis, initial treatment of 1768
Basdai score 441
Basilar invagination, symptoms of 676
Bassett's ligament 1314
Bassini herniorrhaphy pelvic 1046
Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index 438
Bath therapy, massage and contrast 592
Batson's paravertebral venous 1601
Batson's plexus 464
Baumann's angle 2142f
BCG See Bacillus Calmette-Guérin
BDNF See Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Beacon assay 467
Beak's triple arthrodesis 732
Beare-Stevenson syndrome 687
Beatty maneuver 1032
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome 701
Bedoulle's classification 374f
Behçet syndrome 602
Belimumab 435
Bell curve 507
Belly press test 1098
Bence Jones protein 232
Bent finger 859
Benzbromarone 484
Berg's criteria 820f
Berger's disease 1891
Berksonian bias 491
Bernhardt-Roth syndrome 1034
Beta-lactamase inhibitor 1873
Betrixaban 614
Bhattacharya procedure 1712
Biacuplasty procedure 1458
Biceps endobutton technique 1689f
Biceps hook test 1687
Biceps muscle 1130f
Biceps passing tendon 1689f
Biceps squeeze test 1687
Biceps subluxation 1130f
Biceps tendinitis 1089
Biceps, role of 837
Bicipital aponeurosis 1686
Bicipital tendinosis 1129
Bicipital tuberosity 1686
Bicipital tunnel zone 1083
Bifid filum 1658
Big toe
clawing of 724
involvement 479
clinical features 481
differential diagnosis 483
pathophysiology 480
treatment 483
Biliary system 640
Binding feet, Chinese tradition of 865
Binomial distribution 508
Bioactive molecules 2106
Biochemical theory 623
Biodegradable systems 148
Biokinetic chain 1044
Biological plasticity 908
Biomaterials, major types of 1943
Biophysical stimulation 542
Bioprinting process 2107fc
Bipartite patella 940
Bipedicle dorsal flap 1908
Bipedicle volar flap 1908
Bipenniform segmental pattern vascular 2090
Biplanar symmetry 1512
Bipolar hip prosthesis 2062f
Bipolar prosthesis 2061
Bisect offset 810
adverse effects 93
classification 90
cyclic administration of 677
mechanism of action of 91f
pharmacokinetics 89
related osteonecrosis of jaws 93
second-generation 91
structure 90f
third-generation 92
Bite injuries 1883
Biting, habit of 1872
Bivalirudin 608
Blackburne-peel method 810
Blast wave 1998f
Blauth classification 849t
Bleach 649
Bleeding disorder, familial 607
brain barrier 1827
clinical use of 643
coagulation, activation of 598
component 643
clinical use of 643
therapy 647
cultures 636
disorders 482
dyscrasias 2006
flow
characteristic 2039
direction of 18
local 573
gas monitoring 2002
group
antibodies 642
systems 641
investigations 1063
acute 651
nerve interface 1831
neuron barrier, breakdown of 1834
oxygen-level dependent effect 2027
preparations 2003
products 643
salvage, intraoperative 649
substitutes 649
vessel 1893
injury 618
volume, assessment of 656
Bloodless surgery 884
Bloom syndrome 201
Blooming artifact 356
Blurred vision 1062
Blurriness 1060
B-lymphocyte stimulator 435
Bobath splint 1941
Bohler's angle 2223f
allografts 63
anatomy 1
aneurysm, malignant 211
angina 394
arches 1324
avulsion 2038
awl with eye straight 2043f
protocol 64
quality control of 67
needle 180f
block
minimal removal of 1712
operation, posterior 728
posterior 726
procedures 1407
blood supply of 17
broad constituents of 3f
bruise 999
calcium, endocrine control of 29f
callus formation 39
cells, immature 7
cellular elements of 7
adverse effects/complications of 1225
development of 1220
implantation syndrome 1225
removal of 1228
typical constituents of 1221t
contusions 951
cutters 2044
cyst
clinical features, simple 191
gross, simple 192
management and prognosis, simple 192
radiology, simple 191
simple 191
treating 2101
damage 881
defects 2101
management of 2101
deficiency, classification of 1289
deformities 737
desmoid tumor of 225
development 20
disease 1
inflammatory 248
phantom 247
dysplasia 704
ends, resorption of 39
file 2053f
fixation 961
formation
hypertrophic 800
magnetic stimulation of 53f
non-physiological 20
forming
knee joint 921f
lesions 192
fractures, major long 2000
generalized fibrocystic disease of 239
complications of 63
core 289
defects 1007
donor site morbidity 843
fourcorner fusion using 1743f
incorporation, stages of 58t
incorporation, theories of 58
open 152
structural properties of 59t
gross features of 6
growth stimulation of 801
healing, secondary 40
holding clamps 2044
imperfect development of 672
juxtacortical 172
lesion 201t
benign 176fc
focal 172
malignant 176fc
ligament theory 824
loose bag of 446
loss 1117
lunate 1742f
malformation of 804f
biopsy 623
concentrate 2099
derived stem cells 2099
edema 1041
edema syndrome 104
injections 287
suppression 432
transplantation 677
mass 68
matrix, structure of 14
metabolism 98f
diseases of 2020
biology of 251
management of 255
analysis of 78
low 73
mineral metabolism 98
mineralization 25t
pathological calcification 26
process of 25
minimal disturbance of 802
modeling units 42
role of 1465
morphology 75
mulch screw 961
neoplasia, differentiation of 192t
organic phase of 15f
pain 240
pathological 42
physiology 1
piece, reinsertion of 770
prominences 1893
punch 2054
quantitative and qualitative assessment of 2039
reaction 175
remodeling 26
resorption, pathological 13
retractor medullary, application of 903
sarcoma 2114
scan scintigraphy 334
histopathology 334
treatment 334
scaphoid 1742f
sclerosis of 1040f
shaft of major long 257
short 5
sialoprotein 16
spur formation 1897
stabilization 145
stress, low implant 314
substitutes 149
supernumerary 698
tendon junction 1412
transport
combined 547
external 547
types of 547
triquetrum 1742f
grading of 179
typical location of 173f
turnover markers 77
vascular lesions of 246
venous malformation of 248
Bone-holding forceps, self-centering 2044
Bonnet's sign 1032
Bonsai foot 865
Bony
ankylosis 1709
avulsions 350
bar 1709
component, lateral longitudinal arch 1327f
compromise 1008
congruity, loss of 1693
deformity 807
enlargement 395
epiphysis 909
exostosis 1752
extension type 464
fragment, avulsion of 1054f
fusion 1577
hypertrophy, periarticular 395
mallet finger 1055f
palpation
hindfoot 1336
medial aspect 1334
plantar surface 1336
soft tissue palpation 1336
pelvic ring 2233f
pubic symphysis 1044
stabilizing structures, restoration of 1052
substitution 42
surgery 878
swelling 395
wedge 1900
Bouchard's nodes 395
Boundary lubrication 370
Bovine collagen sheet 2075
Bovine dermal matrix 2075
Bovine immunodeficiency virus-based vectors 1978
Bowed femur, congenital 756
Bowen disease 1871
Bowen's charts 771
Bowen's tables 770
Bow-leg deformity 759
Boxer's fracture 1056
Boyd's dual onlay cortical bone 785
Boyes transfer 1851
Brachial
artery 1919
cutaneous nerve, medial 1050
neuropathy secondary 837
compression 1820
neuritis 1989
primary surgical exploration of 838
surgical repair of 838f
upper trunk of 834
plexus palsy 843
types of birth-related 833t
venography, ascending 1989
Brachialis aponeurosis, fractional lengthening of 750
Brachialis insertion 1049
Brachiocephalic syndrome 1986
Brachycephaly 689
Brachydactyly 687
Brachytherapy 188
Bracing spine 1566
Bracing, effectiveness and schedule of 1526
Brackett procedure 758
Bragg peak 189
Branch block, medial 1473
Branch radiofrequency lesioning, medial 1503
Breath, shortness of 603
Brewer's yeast 485
Bridle procedure 1407
Briobacept binds 435
Brittains method 477
Brittle and ductile materials 1943f
Brodsky classification 1361
Brooker classification 1285f
Brooker technique 1029f
Brostrom-Gould repair 1347
Brown tumor 33
Brucellosis 441
Bruckner modification 1900
Bruner's rules 2010t
B-tricalcium phosphate 1947
Bucket handle tear 2030f
Budd-Chiari syndrome 606
Buechel-Pappas total ankle arthroplasty 314
Buford complex 1084
Bugaboo syndrome 1755
Bulb suture 1844
Bulk reduction procedures 816
Bunion correction steps 1370f
Bunion development, three stages of 1366f
Bunion formation, pathogenesis of 1366f
Bunionectomy 1373
Bunionette 1332
Burgess technique for ischemic limb 1901f
Bursectomy 1015
Bursography 1027
Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome 706
Butler's test 1036
C
CACP See Camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis
Caffeine 1065
Caffey hypothesis 908
Cahill and Berg classification 373f
Calcaneal
compartment 1329
displacement osteotomy, posterior 1385
enthesis 997
posterolateral 990
lengthening 1400
movements, complex pattern of 1330
muscle slide 1396
navicular ligaments 1330
neoplasia 999
pitch, high 1393
plantar enthesopathy 997
prominence 1332
stress fracture 999
tuberosity, medial 1338
Calcaneometatarsal distraction 884
Calcaneovalgus foot 666
Calcaneum 868
anterior aspect of 874
bottom of 717
fracture, tongue-type 2224f
posterior end of 717
varus of 885
Calcaneus
deformity 1394
fracture 2222
long axis 870
osteomyelitis 1401
pitch 724
posterior facet of 1314
Calcific tendinitis 988
Calcific tendinosis 1089
Calcific tendonitis, chronic 1127
channel blockers 614
hydroxyapatite crystal arthritis 1351
intracellular 1637
ions, release of 741
mediated cytotoxicity 1637
oxalate 352
based grafts 61
cement 147
crystal deposition 1139
deposition disease 1668
dihydrate 418
dihydrate crystals 352
sulfate 149
cement 147
Calf attachments 1936
Calf band 1936
Calf vein thrombosis 601
Callosities beneath metatarsal heads 723
Calponin 362
Calves disease 1662
CAM See Cellular adhesion molecules
Campanacci's disease 242
Campbell's posterior bone block procedure, complications of 728
Camptocormia, adult 1558
Camptodactyly-arthropathy-coxa vara-pericarditis syndrome 350
Canal system, transverse perforating 7
Candidiasis 435
Cannabinoids 1066
Cannulas, extra-length 1005
Cannulated hip screws, placement of 1968
Capener gouge 2043f
Capitate flexes 1727
Capitate hamate axial disruptions 1738
Capitolunate axis 1728f
Capric acid 2113
Capsaicin 1961
Capsular
adhesions 890
avulsions 958
contracture, removal of 1712
fibrosis 1056
insertion site, anterior 1051
laxity 1011
mid-third 928f
microtears 1120
repair 1007
strain, anterior 1049
stretching 1123
tear, anterior 1692
Capsule sesamoid portion 1364
Capsuloligamentous structures 1083
Capsulophalangeal portion 1365
Carbapenems 468
Carbon dioxide, concentration of 2015
Carbon fiber polymeric composites 1218
Carboxylmethylolysine 1452
Carcinogen, complete 45
Carcinoma, colorectal 1031
Carcinosarcoma 362
Cardiac disease 644
Cardiac pacemakers, implanted 2029
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema 633
Cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic 651
Cardiorespiratory and neurocognitive system 623
Caroll tendon pulling forceps 2049f
Carpal arcs 1727
Carpal arthrodesis 322
Carpal biomechanics 1738
Carpal extremity of radius, fracture of 2067
Carpal injury 556
Carpal tarsal osteolysis 248
Carpal tunnel 1989
pathophysiology 1798
release 1797
endoscopic 1806f
incisions for open 1805f
causes of 1801t
signs for 1802t
tests for 1802t
treatment of 1806t
Carpometacarpal region 1742
Carpus over ulna, centralization of 849
Carter and Blenman theory 48
cells 352
combination of polymers, construct of 2109
damage 389
distribution of 1020
location of 1020
defect 1981
in vivo 384
repair 384
ectopic foci of 359
endplate, regeneration of 1462
fibrillation and erosion 396
forming lesions 213
hair hypoplasia 691
initial resilient phase of 369
injury 983
biology of 337
management of 337
subtypes 370
instruments 2048
intercellular matrix 367f
intermediate layer protein 2109
intra-articular 1008
lesions 192
macromolecules 368
matrix 367
ossification of 698
structure 364f
synthesis 2100
tissue engineering 385
volume 375
Caspar criteria 443t
Catabolic enzymes 377
Catastrophic glenoid component failure 1145
Cat-bite lesions 590f
Cationic peptides 1975
Caton-deschamps method 810
Catterall classification 912
Caudal epidural injection, procedure 1477
Cauliflower ear 691
Cavitary defect 1291f
Cavitation, permanent 1992
Ceftazidime 463
Cell
adhesion molecules 435
autologous transplantation of 1985
cycle inhibitor 435
death
influence 1637
sloughs, area of 1994
laden hydrogel-based bioinks 2110
mixture of 2107
normal organization of 663
pattern, small 362
penetrating peptides 1975
presenting antigen 1982
salvage
postoperative 648
unipotent 2097
xenotransplantation 1984
Cellular allogeneic skin substitute 2075
Cellular autologous skin substitutes 2076
Cellular component 1879
Cellular damage 1063
Cellular injury, primary 638
Cement
creep behaviors 1224
disease 1226
flaws 1222
in-cement revision 1294
mantle 1272f
physical properties of 1224
polymerization 1222
technique, second generation 1223
viscosity of 1222
Cemented acetabular fixation 1276
Center-edge angle of Wiberg 1011f
Central deficiency of hand, classification of 855f
Central sensitization, prevention of 1954
Central venous pressure, low 633
Centrum abnormalities 1452
Cephalothin 63
Ceramic 1946
bearing 1213
complications 1216
composite 2109
on-metal articulation 1218
on-polyethylene bearings 1206
Cerebellar gait 529
Cerebral
contusion 1060
cortex 1720
edema, diffuse 1059
imprint 1850
injuries 2000
lesions 1405
palsy 445, 528, 723, 733, 734f, 736t, 737, 741, 742, 746, 749, 752, 759, 837, 871, 895, 985, 1364, 1392, 1553, 1554, 1705, 1941
treatment of 741t
types of 733f
tumors 1135
Cervical
arthritis 1989
collar 2068
dystonia 668
fifth and sixth vertebra 1603f
clinical presentation of 1562
conservative management 1562
management 1562
radiological evaluation 1562
surgical management 1562
kyphotic deformity 1561
muscles, tone of anterior 664
musculature abnormalities 666
neck pain 2023
radicular pain 1090
rib 1988
syndrome 1986
scoliosis 668
abscess, anterior drainage of 1616
dish of 1586f
fusions 700
injury, Allen-ferguson mechanisms of 2240f
lower 1591
radiographs of 667
X-rays of 836
vertebra 1423
Cervicoacetabular impingement 1016
Cervicobrachial neurovascular compression syndrome 1986
Chair lift test 1679
Chandler's disease 275
Chandler-Penenberg classification 1291t
Charcot rocket bottom deformity 1362f
Charcot's neuroarthropathy 445
Charcot-reactive bone 1360
Charley's compression clamp 2052f
Charnley's prosthesis 1268f
Charnley's bone curette 2072
Charnley's low-friction arthroplasty concept 1191
Charnley's original technique 1223
Charnley's retractor 2072
Cheema osteotomy 1768
Chemical methods 1972
Chest 108
computed tomography of 636
pain 603
tightness 603
tube 2002
wall
asymmetry 679
deformity, anterior 678
tumors 1135
Chestnut's block test 724
Chevron physis 686
Chevron trochanteric osteotomy 1261
Chimeric rituximab 435
Chisels 2043
Chi-squared distribution 508
Chlamydia pyuria 444
Chlamydia trachomatis infection 451
Chlorambucil 432
Choi classification 455t
Cholecalciferol 30
Cholecystectomy, laparoscopic 1034
Cholecystitis 635
Chondral damage 1018
Chondral lesions, microfracture of 1015
Chondral pathology 1024
Chondral regeneration, primarily 1971
Chondral repair methods 375
apoptosis 380
columnar disorganization 1996
death, immediate 377
epiphyseal 385
grafting, third-generation 385
growth 360
hypertrophy, zone of 23
mesenchymal stem cell co-culture system 381f
metabolism 980
migration 382
phenotype 386
proliferation, focal 1996
stem cell transplantation 408
Chondrocytic cell 219
Chondrodysplasia 216
Chondrodystrophy, epiphyseal 707
Chondroectodermal dysplasia 692
Chondrogenesis 384
Chondroid bones 20
Chondronectin 367
Chondro-osteoplasty, adequacy of 1025
Chondropathy 398
Chondropenia 375
Chondroplasty 1703
Chondroprogenitor cells, facilitate migration of 1981
Chopart's amputation 1899f
Chopart's joint 1330
Choreiform gait 529
Chrisman-Snook procedure 1348
Christian Magnus Falsen Sinding-Larsen 985
Chromosomal anomalies 866
Chronic pain, causes of 1949
Chylous pericardial effusion 620
Chylous pleural effusion 620
Chymopapain 1457
CIA See Adaptive carpal instability
CIC See Clean intermittent catheterization 1656
Cierney-Mader system 126t
Ciliary neurotrophic factor, retrograde transport of 1835
Ciliospinal reflex, loss of 835
Cinema theater sign, positive 940
Cineplastic amputation 1893
Circumduction gait 528f
Circumflex iliac, superficial 1911
Cirrhosis 635
Cisatracurium besylate 634
Cisplatin 363
Cissus quadrangularis 542
C-kit 359
Clanton 1344
Clarithromycin 471
Clarke's sign 951
Clarke's stations 1595f
Clarke's transfer 840
Classic C sign 822f
Classic Neer's impingement sign and test 1092f
Classic talipes equinovarus deformity 693
Clavicle
congenital pseudarthrosis of 842
fracture
Allman classification of 2123f
lateral 1134
hypoplasia 689
osteolysis, idiopathic 1132
pseudarthrosis 843
Clavicular compression 833
Clavicular elevation 1086
Claw hand 1812f
Claw type, simple 1792
Cleft hand 786
Clergyman's knee 976
Clinical prediction score 619
Clinical target volume 190
Clinical warning signs 535
Clodronate 90
Clofazimine 468
Clonal cytogenetic 360
Clopidogrel 614
Clostridial collagenase injection 1763
Clot formation 351
bean-shaped deformity of 868
complex 871
correction of 874f
deformity 1334
correction 883f
reduction of 875f
etiology of 865
extrinsic 871
incidence of 704
initial management of 873
intrinsic 871
management 875
pathogenesis of 865
radiological parameters of 870f
recurrent 871
surgical management of 878
Clunk test 1775
Cluster randomization 502
Cluster region-abelson proto-oncogene 359
Cluster sampling 501
Clutton's joint 479
CMC See carpometacarpal
Coach's finger 1057
Coagulase-negative staphylococcus 457
Cocaine 1065
Coccidioidomycosis 435
Coccygodynia 1033
Cochlear implants 2029
Cockett syndrome 602
Cock-up splint, dynamic 1847f
Colchicine 1140
Cold hip sign 1243
Cold whirlpool 1344
binding adhesion 132
covered autologous chondrocyte implantation 382
deposition of 666
disorders, genetic 1412
display, bundles of 867
loss of 1453
organization of 925f
fibril distribution, structure of 15f
glycosaminoglycan 385
membrane 382
molecules 1879f
rich fibrotic tissue 1759
sponge 147
Collagenous fibroma 266
Collapse in spinal tuberculosis, types of 1604f
injury, medial 1685
level of 789
parts of lateral 1673t
repairs 1941
rupture of 1695
tenderness over 1694
using 1696f
Collateral sprain 1056
College park foot 1928f
Collision tumor 229
Colorado Medical Society 1064
Commercial operating microscope, development of 2081
Community acquired pneumonia 635
Compact bone 6
Compartment pressure 576
Compartment syndrome 38, 570, 572, 573, 575f, 582f, 583, 585, 586, 800, 846, 978, 1050, 1405, 1790, 1796, 1808, 1848, 2013
anterior 579
causes of 572t
nontraumatic causes of 585
suspected 583
Compensate anti-inflammation reaction syndrome 638
Complete rotator cuff tear 1143
Complex acetabular retroversion 1018
Complex fractures, management of 1966
bandage 1895f
distraction osteogenesis 542
dynamic force 807
lateral 983
plate 2058
dynamic 2057
test 1480
uncommon causes of 1809
Compressive bandage dressing 1895
Compressive injury 841
Compressive stress 47
Computed axial tomography 604
Computed tomography scanogram 764
Computer assisted orthopedic surgery 1968
Computer assisted osteotomy 1968
Computer guided joint replacement 1968
Concave subdeltoid bursal contour 2039
Concavity facing palmar 1750
Concentric initial reduction 898
Concomitant degenerative joint disease 1015
Concomitant ligament surgery 973
Condylar fracture, comminuted 2144f
Condylar plate 2058
Condyle fracture, pediatric lateral 2150f
Condyle, anterior aspect of 809
Cone's spinal curette 2047
Congenital brachial plexus palsy, familial 832
Congenital contractures, multiple 694
Congenital dislocation of hip, treatment of 1245
Congenital pseudoarthrosis of tibia, classification of 783
Congenital subluxation, primary treatment of 902
types of 871
Congruent glenoid bone grafting 1085
Congruent hallux valgus deformity, surgical management of 1368f
Conservative therapy, goals of 838
Contact injuries 970
Contact primary fracture repair 45
Contour sign, double 809
Contre-coup lesion 1018
Contusio cervicalis posterior 1634
Conus magus 261
Conus medullaris, disorder of 723
Convex anteroposteriorly 923
Convex femoral condyle articulating 923
Convex pes valgus 814
Convex proximal femoral growth plate 909
Coonse Adams quadriceps turndown 413
Coracoids 1091
Cord blood 2103
Cord tissue 2103
Cords proximal, painless 1761
Core disease, central 694
Corneal flatness 678
Coronal force couple leads, deficiency of 1103f
Corpus callosum 1060
Correct muscle, reinnervation of 1835
Cortices, thinning of 590f
Corticocancellous grafts 292
Corynebacterium 460
Costocostal fibrous bands 1987
Costotransversal joints 439
Costotransversectomy 1616f
Cotrimoxazole 461
Cough 603
Coughlin technique, modified 1349f
Counterforce brace, mechanisms of action of 1680b
Counter-regulatory anti-inflammatory response 2005
Coup injuries 1059
Coxa breva 453
Coxa magna 453
Coxa plana 907
Coxa saltans 1026
capitalis 907
congenital 753
correction of 758f
deformity proximal femur 676
developmental 759
historical perspective of 757
Coxitis fugax 1242
Coxitis serosa seu simplex 1242
Cozen phenomenon 779
Cranial acetabular retroversion 1023
Cranial neuropore, closure of 1651
Cranium, decompression of 2005
Creafix screw 973
Creatine phosphokinase enzyme 1070
Cremasteric reflex 1036
Crescent sign 333
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 608
Cribriform plate fracture 1061
Crimp collagen 867
Crohn's disease 444
Crooked spine 1509
Crossed straight leg raise test 1488
Crossing sign 809
Cross-leg flap, principles of 2087
Crossover sign 1023
Crouzon syndrome 687
Cruciate damage 408
Cruciate laxity 949
Cruciate ligaments 932
collateral ligaments, posterior 2029
congenital absence of 753
four-bar linkage mechanism of 945f
injury
anterior 956
posterior 963
sacrifice 409
tear, anterior 2031f
tests, posterior 948
tunnels, placement of anterior 1968
Cruciate pulleys 1733
Cryokinetics 954
Cryoprecipitate 645
Cryotherapy 1681
Cryptococcosis 435
CTR See Carpal tunnel release
C-type natriuretic peptide 687
Cuban heel 1935
Cuboid tuberosity, medial 1316
Cuboidal cells 350
Cuff, nonvisualization of 2039
Cultured epidermal autograft 2076
Cumulative frequency polygon 505
Cunningham's method 1118
Cup curette 2047
Curcumin 401
Cushing's disease 276
Cushing's syndrome 240
Cushions residual limb 1926
Custom-made orthopedic 2106
Cutaneous flaps, pure 2092
Cutaneous nerves 1808
Cutis laxa 677
Cyclins leading 363
Cyclooxygenase inhibition 593
Cycloserine 468
Cyma line 1382
Cystectomy 1007
Cystic fibrosis treatment 1977
Cystic hematoma 974
Cystogram 629
Cystoscopy 629
Cytology 1067
Cytometrogram 629
Cytoplasmic vacuoles 655
Cytosine deaminase 1978
Czerny classification 1011
D
Dagger sign 439
Daily living, activity of 552
Damn nuisance 1891
Daptomycin 463
Darexaban 614
Darifenacin 631
Darker disk material 2033
Darrach's resection arthroplasty 1779
Davis law 868
Davis muscle-pedicle arthrodesis 476
D-dimer testing 604
de novo scoliosis 1545
de Quervain's tenovaginitis 1752f
Dead arm syndrome 1125
Dead limb 1891
Dead trabecular bone 39
Debriding ligamentum teres 1015
Decimals fractions 490
Deep posterior compartment syndrome 579
Deep posterior tibiotalar ligament 1313
Deep tendon reflexes 695
Deep tibiotalar ligament, anterior 1313
Deep transverse metatarsal ligament 1417
Deferoxamine 583
Deficiency, three grades of 953f
Deficiency, transverse 1737
Deformity
apex of 876
compensatory 770
components of 814
controlled correction of 884
evaluation of 885
development of 776
geometry of 42
higher grade of 1023
in future, procedures preventing 1543
in rheumatoid foot, progression of 1351t
intoeing 1333
manipulation of 815
measuring extra-articular 767f
multiplanar 544
outtoeing 1333
painful 762
painless 762
persistent 860
presentation of 1857
primary structural 1364
procedures to correct 1544
radiological analysis of 764
resistance of 868
resolution of 1055f
rigid 725
rotational 739
severe 844
sort of fixed 888
total angular 767f
treatment of specific 1867
type I 1867
Degeneration, reaction of 1837
Degenerative tears, chronic 1009
Degenerative wrist, signs of 1786
Delbet classification 2180f
Delta ceramic 1215f
Deltonin 401
Dendritic synovitis, extensive 446
Denervated muscle, fibrosis of 1846
Denis-Weber system of classification 2221f
Denosumab 94
Dentin matrix protein 1 12
Dentinogenesis imperfecta 676
Dentoalveolar syndesmosis 343
Deoxyhemoglobin 1894
Deoxyribonucleic acid 367
Depression, glenohumeral 1931
Depuy synthes, subsidiary of 2072
Dequervain's disease 1677
Dermal hypoplasia, focal 817
Dermatofibroma 268
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans 269
Dermatosparaxis 672
Dermatotenodesis 1056
Derotation osteotomy 1123
Destructive arthritis, apatite-associated 421
Devil's claw extract 401
Dexmedetomidine 1960
management of type 2 1643
Diabetic ketoacidosis 635
Diamond-Blackfan anemia 201
Diaphoresis 603
Diaphragmatic paralysis 834
Diaphyseal fractures, nonunion 543f
Diaphysectomy, primary 151
Diarthrosis 343
Diastasis See also Scapholunate fracture
Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate 421
Dickson high geometric osteotomy 566
Dicyclomine hydrochloride 631
Diet 630
Diethylenetriamine pentaacetate 1101
Digital fibromatosis, infantile 266
Digital nerve 1909
Digitorum superficialis 1807
Digits, ulnar drift of 1858
Dillwyn's-Evans operation 1400
Dillwyn's-Evans procedure 882
Dimeglio system for classification of congenital talipes equinovarus 872t
Diminish peripheral vasospasm 2018
Dimon-Hughston osteotomy 1246
Diplegia 734
Diplegic gait 529
Diplopia 1988
Direct antiglobulin test 646
Direct mediolateral translation 1057
Disability 2003
Discitis 2032
Discoid meniscus 2030f
Discovered bone remodeling 2067
Disease activity score 427
Disease of kings 479
clinical features 481
differential diagnosis 483
pathophysiology 480
treatment 483
Disk bulge 1485
Disk degeneration
classification of 1456f
etiology of 1450
functional changes of 1454
genetic factors 1451f
nutritional pathways of 1454
Disk enzymes 1448
Disk extrusion 1485
Disk herniation 1492
Disk protrusion 1485
Disk space involvement 1625
Dislocatable hip, pathoanatomy of 890
Dislocated elbow, surgical treatment algorithm management of 1696f
Dislocated irreducible knee 788
Dislocation
acute anterior 1116
management of acute 1695f
of patella, management of recurrent 812fc
persistent 897
potential complication of 745
Disorders, spectrum of 689
Displaced partial articular fracture 1052
Displacement of
cuboid, medial 869
degree 1692
fibula, posterior 870
foot, posterior 719
ipsilateral ear, posterior 666
Distal ankle syndesmosis 1343
Distal arthrogryposis 693
Distal avulsion 1774
Distal biceps tendon rupture 1686
Distal bone fragments 766
Distal carpal instability, dissociated 1746
Distal clavicular resection 1148
Distal congenital synostosis 845
Distal femoral fracture 2195
Distal femur, giant cell tumor of 228f
Distal fibula, shortening of 749
Distal foot deformity 1317
Distal fragment, flexion of 551f
Distal humeral arthroplasty 1718
Distal joints 1722
Distal metaphyseal region 169f
Distal muscles, weakness of 529
Distal myotendinous junction 1687
Distal nerve stump, degeneration of 1832
Distal palmar flexion 1764
Distal patellar tendon, thickening of 986
Distal pole 549
Distal radial
epiphysis, triangularization of 852
malunion 1746
ulnar joint
destruction 1864
disruption 1864
subluxation 1864
Distal scaphoid 327
Distal soft tissue procedure 1373
Distal tibial epiphysis 749
Distant skin flaps 2086
Distinct crystal deposition disease 418
Distraction osteogenesis, principle of 542
Disulfiram 471
Divot fractures 1995
Dobb's dynamic clubfoot brace 877
Dobb's method 815
Docosahexaenoic acid 2114
Document foot progression angle 763
Dodecanoic acid 2114
Döhle bodies 655
Dolichostenomelia 678
Donor site morbidity 785
Doppler angiogram 2092
Doppler ultrasonography 1894
Dorsal adductor space 1874
Dorsal angulation 1737f
Dorsal angulation deformity 1057
Dorsal block splint 1055
Dorsal calcaneal tuberosity 1316
Dorsal capsulotomy 725
Dorsal dislocation 814
Dorsal horn neurons, sensitization of 1949
Dorsal interosseous muscle 1915
Dorsal ligaments 1728
Dorsal nucleus 1434
Dorsal percutaneous approach 556f
Dorsal pip joint dislocations 1058
Dorsal radial tilt See also Length of ulna
Dorsal radiolunate tear 1748
Dorsal radiotriquetral ligament 1746
Dorsal scapular nerve 836
Dorsal skin flaps 1916
Dorsal spine 1606
Dorsal subluxation 882
Dorsal supraretinacular arch 323
Dorsiflex foot 603f
ankle range-of-motion 998
desired degree of 726
eversion test 1340
lag 1416
malunion 1317
ulnar-deviation injury 1743
Dorsiflexors, loss of 715
Dorsolateral funiculus 1502
Dorsoradial support system, attenuation of 1858
Double plating technique 477
Dowel grafts 770
Downstream inflammatory and reparative cells 2073
Doxorubicin 363
anterior 948f
Drill hole 1995
Dripping wax 705
Drug 2009
abuse, intravenous 1963
pharmacodynamics of 2016
reaction 635
resistant tuberculosis 468
side-effects of 1954
treatment 742
DRUJ See Distal radioulnar joint
Drum dermatomes, use of 2084
Dry scaly skin 583
Dual onlay cortical bone graft 60
Dual-axis therapy 385
Duchenne sign 1855
Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium 386
Dumdum bullets 1997
Dunn's technique 725
Duodenal atresia 682
Duplex ultrasonography 1989
Dupuytren's diathesis 1759
Dupuytren's finger, pathological alterations in 1760f
Dupuytren's involvement in fingers, pathology of 1760
Dupuytren's nodules 1763f
Dura retractor 2048f
Durkan's test 1802f
Dutoit staple capsulorrhaphy 1120
Duvries technique 1350
Dwyer's lateral opening wedge osteotomy 825
Dwyer's operation 1400
Dwyer's procedure 1396
Dwyer-calcaneus osteotomy 1397
Dying limb 1891
Dynamic hand orthoses, uses of 1941
Dynesystm dynamic stabilization system 1468f
Dyschondrosteosis 852
Dysfibrinogenemias 602
Dyshidrotic eczema 1871
Dyskinesias, periarticular 1036
Dyslipoproteinemia 480
Dyspareunia, complain of 1032
congenital 888
epiphysealis hemimelica 707
fibrocartilaginous 239
glenohumeral 839
signs of 1013
streeter 703
Dysplastic hip 1011f
Dysplastic linear hyperostosis 705
Dysplastic spondylolisthesis, congenital 1572
Dysraphia 1654
Dysreflexia, autonomic 1647
Dystrophy, craniocarpotarsal 699
E
Ear prostheses, middle 2029
Easier skin closure 1902
Ecchymosis 1000
ECM See Extracellular matrix 1759
ECRB See extensor carpi radialis brevis
ECRL See extensor carpi radialis longus
Ectoderm, surface 1652
Ectodermal dysplasia 817
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphoshatae pyrophosphohydrolase 1 419
Ectopia lentis 678
Ectopic bone 1719
Ectopic para-articular bone 1713
ECU See Extensor carpi ulnaris
EDC See extensor digitorum communis
Eden-Hybbinette procedure 1122
Eden-Lange transfer 1149
EDL See Extensor digitrorum longus
EDM See extensor digiti minimi
Edoxaban 614
Efferent system, role of 1950
Egawa test 1854
EGF See Epidermal growth factor
Eggshell decancellation 1552
Eheumatoid foot 1381f
Eichenholtz classification 1360
Eight-strand technique 1880
EIP See extensor indicis propolis
Elastic compression stockings, use of 609
Elastic fibers, homeostasis of 678
Elastic threads 1941
Elasticity, Young's modulus of 1943
Elastin-binding adhesin 132
Elastofibroma 265
anatomy 1671
bilateral 1706
methods of performing 1706
failed 1705
procedures 1715
advantages of 1050
complications of 1050
disadvantages of 1050
biomechanics 1671
bony anatomy of 1671f
braces 1685
continuous passive motion for 1712f
dislocations 1692
dysplasia 690
extension
contracture causing loss of 1708f
limitation of 687
flexion
accessory 1851
contractures of 686
resisted 1684
test 1812
test, positive 1817
torque 1675
fracture dislocation of 1696f
functions of 1673
management of 1695
medial 1695
constraints of 1674
dislocation of 1693f
movements at 1674
stiffness in 1718
locking/popping of 1705
medial epicondylitis of 1683
orthoses 1940
pain
medial 1683
medial side 1699
posterior 1702
pathology, intra-articular 1820
popping sensation of 843
radiographs, plain 1679
recurrent dislocation of 1701
splint, posterior 1940
stiffness 1705
students 1049
subluxes 1051
surgery to 1694
terrible triad injury of 1050
ulnar collateral ligament of 1672f
units 1934
Electromagnetic radiation 866
Electrophysiological tests 1063
Electrotherapy, intradiskal 1503
Electrothermal therapy, intradiscal 1482
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate 624
ELISA See Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Elizabethtown osteotomy 917
Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome 780
Ellman classification 1109f
Ely's test 809
Emactuzumab 359
Embryonic disk and neural plate 1650f
Empiric antibiotic therapy 637
Empirical antifungal therapy 637
Encompasses meningomyelocele 1654
Endemic fluorosis 117
Enders nail 2055
Endobutton technique 1688
Endocannabinoid system 19f
Endocrinal influence 367
Endogenous inhibitors, inhibitors of 100
Endometriosis 1046
Endomysium 1067
Endoneurial capillaries, endothelial cell of 1831
Endoprosthetic surgery 257
Endoscopy, role of 1619
Endothelium inflammatory mediators 653
Endotoxin macrophage hypothesis 639
Endplate fibrillation potentials 1839
End-stage renal disease 421
Energy conservation 524
Enneking system 168
Enostosis 212
Enterobacter 647
Enterogenous fistula 1658
Entrapment, common mode of 1810
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 1610
Eosinophilic granuloma 174
Eosinophils 351
EPB See Extensor pollicis brevis
EPFP See Endplate fibrillation potentials
Epicanthal folds 682
Epicondyle
anteroinferior aspect, medial 1672
avulsion, medial 1049
calcification medial to medial 1695
medial and lateral 1692
rotation on lateral 1672
Epicondylectomy, medial 1814
Epidemic disease 2007
Epidurography 1478
Epidurolysis 1478
Epiduroscopy 1478
Epimysium 1067
Epinephrine 2016
Epineural repair 1842f
Epineurorrhaphy 1842
Epiperineurorrhaphy 1842
Epiphysiodesis 798
Epirubicin 363
Episacroiliac lipoma 1031
Episcleritis 428
Epithelialization starts, process of 2073
Epithelium, small band of 1869
EPL See extensor pollicis longus
Eponychial marsupialization 1871
Epratuzumab 434
Epstein-Barr virus 424
Equine gait 527f
Equine infectious anemia virus-based vectors 1978
Erb's palsy 836f
Erbium 2023
Erectile dysfunction 1356
Ertl's procedure 1901f
Erythroderma, exfoliative 484
Erythromycin 471
Escobar syndrome 699
Eskimo technique 1118
Esmarch bandage 2010
Esophagus, method of making artificial 2070
Ethanolamide 2113
Etidronate 90
Eukaryotic delivery systems 1975
Eumycetoma 164
Eustachian tube malfunction 686
Evans classification 2183f
Eversion stress test 1342
Evolgate system 962
Ewing's like osteosarcoma 201
Ewing's tumor 189
Ex vivo gene therapy 1982
Excision arthroplasty 1715
Excitotoxicity 1637
Exogenous bone infection, prevention of 156
Exostectomies 447
Expansile osteolysis, familial 171
Extensor carpi radialis
tear 1677
Extensor group, extrinsic 1859
Extensor hood 1735
Extensor muscles, extrinsic 1392
Extensor quadriga 1884
Extensor retinaculum, inferior 879
Extensor shift procedure 1396
Extensor spasticity 528
Extensor subluxates 1057
Extensor supinator muscle rupture 1695
Extensor tenolysis 1057
External beam radiation therapy 261
External oblique aponeurosis, defects of 1046
Extradepth custom-molded orthosis 1361
Extrafusal skeletal muscle fibers 1435
Extraneural neurolysis 838
Extraperitoneal retropubic synthetic 1041
Extrapyramidal syndromes 1392
Extratunnel fixation 962
Extreme flexion, triquetrum 1724
Extrinsic bony bridge formation 1709f
Exudative wound, deep 2077f
F
Fabella 930
Facet syndrome, posterior 1033
Facioscapular muscular dystrophy 1151
Fad-pad syndromes 987
Failed back surgery syndrome 1498
classification 1499
conservative management 1502
etiology of 1498
incidence 1498
prevention and management 1501
Falciform fascia 1008
Falling off residual limb 1925
Farber's disease 248
Farmar's cross-legged 785
Fas ligand 380
Fascial bands 1674
Fascial defect 1402
Fascicular fibers, transverse 1733
Fasciitis of penis 1759
Fassier-Duval rod 677
FAST See Focused assessment sonography in trauma
Fast glycolytic fibers 1072
Fast spin-echo technique 2026
Faster open arthrotomy 1050
causes shrinkage, minimum of 2088
microglobulinemia 624
pad
atrophy 999
intra-articular 350
syndrome, infrapatellar 979
Fatigue 1063
Fatigue fracture 35
Fatigue syndrome, chronic 429
Fatigue wear, surface 1194
Faulty neurulation, theories of 1654
FCR See Flexor carpi radialis
FCU See flexor carpi ulnaris
F-distribution 508
FDL See Flexor digitorum longus
FDP See Flexor digitorum profundus
FDS See Flexor digitorum superficialis
Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions 646
Febrile transfusion reaction 645
Febuxostat 484
Feil syndrome 667
Feldman criteria 460
Feline immunodeficiency virus-based vectors 1978
Felix classification 2209f
Felty's syndrome 428
Femoral bone defects 1291
Femoral chondral damage 954
Femoral deficiency, congenital 753
Femoral diaphysis, posterior cortex of 373f
Femoral endoprosthesis 299
Femoral fixation devices 961
Femoral fractures, intraoperative 1287
complete dislocation of 887
concept of 281
coverage 1009
excessive anterior overcoverage of 1012f
excision 2095
extrusion index 1023
fatigue fracture of 1043
fractures 2185
minimal deformity of 918
neck
offset 1013f
normal 890
shape of 890
osteonecrosis 279
overcoverage, focal 1023
partial dislocation of 887
posteromedial aspect of 1023
prevent deformity of 914
quadrant position of 893
radiopacity of 911
reduction 1026
resection 745
retrotorsion 1024f
Femoral head-neck offset, small 1013
Femoral impaction bone grafting 1293
Femoral intercondylar sulcus, depth of 810
Femoral lengthenings 805
Femoral lesions 1023
Femoral nailing 1031
anatomy 1024
anterior part of 1021
anteversion of 1161f
bending of 757
nonunion 561
retrotorsion of 1020
shortening of 909
Femoral physis, small capital 909
Femoral pulse 891
Femoral retrotorsion 1020
Femoral shaft axis 764
Femoral shortening osteotomy 900
Femoral side surgical procedure 917
Femoral site 961
Femoral stem 1269
Femoral stretch test 1488
Femoral triangle 474
Femoral trochlea 935
Femoral varus derotation osteotomy 918
Femoral vessels, common 1166
Femoroiliac vessels 1356
Femorotibial
alignment 763f
articulation 410
axis, alignment of 771
mechanical alignment, normal 764f
anatomical axes of 768
applied anatomy of 1160
congenital
abnormalities of 753
deficiency of 786
cortical erosions of 420
derotation osteotomy of 813
desmoplastic fibroma of 225f
external rotation of 692
fracture
of head of 2186f
mechanical
and anatomical axes of 1185f
axis of 764
neck fractures 2177
or tibia, physeal stapling of 775
stenosis of 1291f
Ferguson's method 1517f
Ferritin, deposition of 422
Fesoterodine 631
FHL See flexor hallucis longus
Fiber 147
discontinuity of 2038
increases, stimulation of small 1950
involved motor, type of 1801
non-medullated 1828
non-myelinated 981
posterior 985
Fibrillar pericellular capsule 364
Fibrillation potentials 1838
Fibrinoid degeneration 538
Fibrinolysis 600
Fibroblastic proliferation, active 1136
Fibroblastoma, desmoplastic 266
complex
disorders, classification of triangular 1774t
elements of triangular 1777
deterioration, triangular 1746
disc, intervening 1039
generation 378
hyperplastic 1132
rim of triangular 1008
tears, triangular 848
Fibrochondrocytes 924
Fibroelastic degenerative, pathological tissue 1682f
Fibro-fatty contents 1354
Fibroid 1046
Fibrolipoma 705
Fibromodulin 366
Fibromyxoid sarcoma 267
Fibrositis 1989
Fibrotic pathological tissue 1791
Fibrotic tissue, endomysial mass of 666
Fibrous
ankylosis 438f
connecting brachialis 1821
capsule 348
clinical presentation 240
differential diagnosis 241
etiopathogenesis 240
histopathology 241
management 241
radiology 241
element, predominance of 757
histiocytoma 222
malignant 231
joint 343
capsule 1859
layer, outer 348
stroma 361
tissue
curving band of 2030
excision of 1794
xanthoma, malignant 231
Fibroxanthosarcoma 231
Fibular
deficiencies 755
graft, microvascular 784
grafting 566f
groove deepening procedures 992
graft 60
malleolus 1355
sliding osteotomies 992
styloid fracture 968
Fibulin-1 dysregulation 1759
Fight injuries 1883
Figure of eight 1014f
Fillet approach 2076
Fine needle aspiration cytology 179
Finger
amputations, principles of 1907
crease, X sign of 1813f
cylindrical swelling of 1876
deformity 1858
correction of 1864
flaps, local 1907
flexion 1755
active 1757
cascade, loss of 1883
contracture 1761
flexor digitorum superficialis 850
function, loss of 1854
movements, transient loss of 851
multiple 2017
nail, anatomy of 1869f
peculiar deformities of 1858
stiffness 1807
superficialis 1885
tip amputation 1907
First generation cephalosporin 1996
First metatarsal cuneiform joint, dorsal prominence of 820
First metatarsocuneiform joint, fusion of 725
First metatarsophalangeal joint, arthrodesis of 1372
First thoracic rib syndrome 1986
First toe dorsiflexion 998
Fischgold-Metzger's line 1595f
Fish and Dunn osteotomy 829
Fisk-Fernandez procedure 559f
Fistulas, presence of 2077
Fitzgerald's acetabular labral tests 1021
Fixed angle osteotomy plates 2062
Fixed bony deformities, development of 741
Fixed pronation, severe 845
Flail chest 2002
Flap
coverage 2095
failure, causes of 2089
necrosis 857
reconstruction 1706
regional 1909
technique, anterior 1905
Flat back syndrome 1500
Flat bones 5
Flat philtrum 700
Flat top talus 871f
Flattish lateral tibial plateau 923
Flex carpi radialis 1674
Flex digitorum superficialis 1674
Flex foot 1928
Flexible connecting bar 877
Flexible elbow 1917
Flexible endoskeleton foot 1930
Flexible flatfoot See also Mobile flatfoot
Flexible metatarsus, primary treatment of mild 819
deformity 1762
extension 942
flexor digitorum profundus tendon 1733
initiation test 1687
instability 415
movement, complex 944f
pronation test 1048
reduced 1884
rotation drawer test 948
test 940
Flexion-abduction orthosis, dynamic 896
Flexor digitorum
muscles 747
arcade 1808
function, augmentation of 840
tendon 1733
sublimis tendons 1796
spasticity of 750
Flexor origin debridement 1685
Flexor sheaths 1876
Flexor superficialis, insertion of 2017
Flexor tendon
anatomy 1733f
injuries 1883
management of 1883
primary repair of 1879
prolapsed 1762
pulley system of thumb 1734f
rupture, treatment of 1883
sheath 1057
synovial sheath of 1733f
zone of 1881
Flexor tenodesis, combined procedure of 1796
Flexor-pronator group, L-shaped rupture of 1692
Flexors, weak 1940
Floating thumbs 861
Floor reaction orthosis 1938f
Fludeoxyglucose 2020
Fluid attenuated inversion recovery 2027
Fluid balance 625
Fluid insufflation 1004
Fluid management system 1005
Fluid overload 647
Fluid replacement 657
Fluid transfusion, intraosseous 572
Fluorine 18 deoxyglucose 2021
Fluoroquinolones 461
Focal tenderness, prominent 1818
Foix-Alajouanine syndrome 1634
Folate, deficiency of 2118
abduction 759
bar 876
brace 875
active dorsiflexion of 730
amputations, mid 1898
and ankle 1585
ability measure 998
deformities around 713
examination of 1332
heels 1333
injuries 1003
inspection 1332
joint, biomechanics of 1317
management of 746
medial arch 1333
posture 1333
shoes 1333
surgery 1962
arches of 1324
bones of 1314
bony anatomy 1315f
complications, developing 1362t
controlled plantar flexion of 739
disorders 870
correction of 719
persist producing 976
dynamic-response 1930
function index 998
health status questionnaire 998
hindfoot 1314
calcaneus 1315
talus 1314
impulse
devices 610
technology 610
insoles 1000
intrinsic muscles of 748
lateral rays of 786
measurements 1323
midfoot 1315
cuboid 1316
navicular 1316
three cuneiform bones 1316
movements at 1330f
muscle
deep layers of 582f
tightness, intrinsic 998
orthosis 1935
overpronation of 1032
position of 738
negative 777
pronation of 981
excessive 998
propulsive action of 1327
pumps 616
radiology, normal 870
rays, congenital absence of 753
segments of 748
single-axis 1930
stabilization of 715
stance, inverted 528
testing invertor of 1323
tripod
action of 1329
concept of 1317f
Forceps, reduction 2045f
and wrist, radiating pain to 1678
bone fractures 585
compartment 574f
decompression 581f
decompression 580
fractures 585
history of 1821
hyperpronation of 750
lateral cutaneous nerve of 1844
muscle 1794
contracture 1796
pronation, resisted 1684
radiographs of 1793
supination, accessory 1851
weakness 1679
wrist-hand orthoses 1940
abduction 990
achieved correction of 884
deformities 886f
alignment of 738
arthroplasty techniques of 1353
central metatarsals 1328
component 1395
correction of 885
dropping of 723
development of 731
fifth metatarsal 1328
first metatarsal 1328
gradual abduction of 875
multiplanar 1391
position 724
pronation of 746
widening 427
Forestier disease 1582
Forlin and Milani classification 455t
Fortin's finger test 1480
Fostamatinib 434
Four-strand techniques 1880
Fovea capitis 1079f
Fovea centralis 924
Foveolar system, development of 908
Fowler's procedure 1353
acetabulum 1034
anterior tibia 996
around hip 256
axial skeleton 2232
birth-related 843
syndrome 1986
complications of 38t
compound 1971
coronoid 1051
displaced 1708f
femoral shaft 585
fixation/refixation 1696
fragments 1058
frequency of 676
humeral shaft 2136
region 2184f
lateral
condyle humerus 2149
tibial condyle 806
left femur diaphysis 543f
location 42
low-trauma 76
metacarpal neck 1058
multiple 632
neck
nonunion 564f
of scaphoid, nonunion of 330f
open 157
patterns 37f
periarticular 1710
periprosthetic 1277
phalangeal 2173
plain radiograph identify acute 1690
posterior tibia 996
proximal humerus 833
radiographic union of 1714
radius and ulna shaft 2157
reduced and aligned 1750
reduction, accuracy of 552
determinants of 43
primary 39
stages of 42
risk assessment tool 72
management of 556
comminution in 2191f
splinting of 2068
stabilization 626
surgical and medical complications of 533
toughness 1224
types of incomplete 35
ulnar styloid 71f
Fragmentation, stage of 915
Fragments, translation of 802
Framingham study 390
Frank ankylosing spondylitis 444
Free fatty acids 2114
Free radical, excessive formation of 1833
Freeman-Swanson knee 409
Freeze dried graft, choice of 66
Freiberg's test 1032
Frejka pillow 897
French medical doctor 2066
Friction components 1193f
Friction syndrome 1048
Friedlander waveform 1997f
Frommann's lines 1828
Frostbite 1894
Frozen plasma 423
Fructose-1-phosphate aldolase deficiency 481
Fucose 642
Fukuda-lite test 1112
Fulkerson relocation test 808
Fulkerson type osteotomy 813
Full-leg radiogram 772
Fulminant myocarditis, acute 651
Fumarate 2114
Functional mobility scale rating system 737t
Funicular repair 1843f
Fusion techniques 1529
Fusobacterium 1873
Fuyon's canal anatomy 1815f
G
Gadopentetate dimeglumine 1013
Gaenslen's test 1480
Gait 524
instrumental 739
observational 738
phases of 526
disturbances 1037
intoeing 759f
phases of 524
Galactose 642
Galen's influence 1878
Gallie procedure 1123
Gallium scintigraphy scan 140
Galvanic corrosion 1943
Gangliosides 1644
Gantzer's muscle 1808
Gap balancing technique 411
Gap primary fracture repair 43
Gapping test 1480
Gas gangrene 1891
complex, lateral 930
equinus contracture 994
muscle 931
semimembranosus bursa 977
soleus 1395
tightness 981
Gastrosoleus recession 1386
Gastro-soleus, weakness of 723
Gate control theory 1950
Gather information 2001
Gaussian curve 507
Gefitinib 363
Gelatin foam 1266f
Gelling phenomenon 398
Gemellus complex 1008
Gene
delivery
targeted 1979
directed enzyme 1978
plasticity-related 350
prodrug activation therapy 1978
intra-articular 1981
potential of 1983
regional 1980
addition of 1845
into muscle, strategies for 1979
factors 1451
influence 827
linkage 501
predisposition 482
role of 1971
syndromes 888
thrombocytosis 602
Genitofemoral nerve 1044
Genotoxocity of retroviral-based vectors 1977
Genotypic tests 467
Geodes formation 1007
Geometric method 567
Germ cell tumor 1038
German concept 445
German nazi regime 517
Germplasm defect 865
Giant bone islands 212
Giant cell
lesions 226
differential diagnosis 229
histopathology 228
management 229
reparative granuloma 231
scattered 360f
type osteosarcoma 206f
Giant popliteal cysts 977
Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium 1427
Gigli saw wires 2053
Gill's laminectomy 1577
Gillespie divides femoral deficiencies 755
Gillet's test 1480
Gilula's lines, disruption of 1744
Gingivotrochlear joint 1057
Girdlestone
complications 1296
modifications of 1295
classical 1295
classification 1605
resection arthroplasty 1296f
Taylor procedure 719
Gissane angle 2223f
Gitelman's variant 419
Glaucoma, narrow-angled 630
Glenohumeral
abduction 1086
arthritis, Levigne and Franceschi classification of 1142t
dislocation, anterior 1118f
joint, sepsis of 837
translation 1136
Glenoid 372
abrasion 1103f
anterior 1115
arc 1085
articular surface 1113
cavity 1086f
center line 1085
complications 1147
dysplasia 1113
fossa 1113
hypoplasia 842
impingement, posterior superior 1104
posterior superior 1104
posterosuperior 1125
rim
anterior 1115
deficiency 1120
surface, anterior 1084
wear, superior 1142
Glenoscapular angle, method of calculating 837f
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor 384
Glimcher hypothesis 26
Glioblastoma 1975
Gliosis 709
Global ligament laxity 788
Globular-filament actin fibril junction 1073
Glucagon-like peptide-2 102
Glucuronic acid 401
Glutamate receptor antagonists 1642
Gluteal neurovascular bundle, superior 1016
Gluteal region 1031
Gluteal tuberosity 1008
Glycerol 2113
Glycogenosis 480
Glycolic acid 57
Glycolysis 2114
Glycopeptide resistant 463
Glycosamine polysulfuric acid 402
Glycosylated protein monomers 366
Goldenhar syndrome 1539
Golf club, appearance of 848f
Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscles 1008
Gonadal hormones 31
Goodman and Kruskal's gamma 513
Goretex 960
Gorham's syndrome 247
Gorham-Stout syndrome 247
Goutallier classification 1107t
Goutallier grading system 1107
Gouty inflammation 480
Gouty tophi 479
Gracile limbs 678
Gradient-echo technique 2026
Gradual distraction techniques 700
Graf's classification, simplified 2040t
Graf's sonographic classification 2040t
Graft
bone, excision of 64
delamination 382
failure 2086
hypertrophy 382
loosening 1701
malpositioning 962
osteosynthesis, microvascular 154
sterilization of 66
Graft-versus-host disease 647
Grand multiparity 833
Granular matter, layer of 1830
Grapelike yeast cells, cluster of 1871
Grapow fibers 1759
Gray matter-white matter junctions 1060
Gray ramus block 1482
Gray-blue sclerae 676
Gray-Ramus on vertebral body 1483f
Greenstick fracture 35
Greulich and Pyle method 793
Grice arthrodesis 1400
Grice procedure 1354
Grisel syndrome 667
Groin muscles 1046
Groin region 1032
Gross exterior invertor insufficiency 715
Gross tumor volume 190
Growing rods, disadvantages of 1537
Growth arrest 775
Growth disorder, generalized 762
Growth disturbances, local 800
Growth modulation 749
Guided motion prostheses 410
Guillotine, replantation of 2017
Gunn's law 1750
Gurd's and Wilson's criteria 624
Gut hypothesis 639
H
Haemophilus aphrophilus 1963
Haglund's posterosuperior calcaneal 990
Hajdu-Cheney syndrome 677
Hallucinogenic mushrooms 1065
Hallux abducto-valgus 1936
Hallux, deformity of 1364
Haloperidol 667
Halo-Vest traction assembly 1597
Halus valgus deformity 1332
Hammer digit syndrome 1936
Hammock loop 935f
Hand 1585
amputations 1907
anatomy and function 1720
and foot, macrodactyly of 16f
common miscellaneous conditions of 1752
deep spaces of 1447f
deformities, general perspective of 1857
dorsoulnar surface of 1852
edema 619
foot-uterus syndrome 821
grasp and pinch of 840
infection 1868
complications of 1868
general principles of treatment of 1868
injuries 1054
innervation of 1730
orthoses 1941
polydactyly, postaxial 692
positions of 1722
space infections 1868
Handigodu joint disease 1230
Handlebar palsy 1815
Hands, intrinsic muscles of 710
Handwash technique 159f
Hangman's fractures classification of different types of 2243f
Hansen's disease 1855
Hansenula polymorpha 1976
Happy puppet syndrome 701
Haptic robotic systems 1966
Hard callus 41
Harding classification 373f
Harmon's neck reconstruction 456
Harpagoside 401
Harris hip score 499
Harris mat score 1386
Harrold-Walker classification 872t
Hauser's method 727
Hawkins classification 307t
Hawkins-Kennedy test 1092
Hawthorne effect 494
Head 108
and neck tumors 703
flexor pollicis brevis, paralysis of deep 1812
gastrocnemius, medial 938
spectrum of 1059
lateral aspect of 874
neck
angle 1020
osteoplasty 1007
sacrificing procedures 566
Healthcare associated infection 158
Heat shock proteins 350
Heath mallet 2052f
Heavy breasts 1987
Heel
compression 1928
contusion 999
empty 875
internal rotation of 864
inversion of 729
rise, single 1383f
spur syndrome 1936
normal 526
varus of 1393
wedge 2068
Helal and Gibb algorithm 1410
Helical collagen fibrils 368
Helicobacter pylori 1283
Helper T lymphocytes 1985
Helsinki, declaration of 517
Hemangioendothelioma 249
Hemangiosarcoma 249
Hematinic cyst 192
Hematogenous osteomyelitis, acute 141
Hematological osteomyelitis, acute 136
Hemibody irradiation 261
Hemicallotasis 404
Hemichondrodiastasis 775
Hemicircumferential neurolysis 1848
Hemicylindrical grafts 60
Hemiepiphyseal stapling 775
Hemihypertrophy 701
Hemiparesis 1060
Hemipelvectomy, primary indication for 1904
Hemipelvis 1040
Hemiresection interposition arthroplasty 1780
Hemisoleus flap 2090
Hemivertebra excision 1543
Hemodialysis 639
Hemodynamic stabilization 633
Hemoglobin 644
Hemoglobinopathy 623
Hemogram 2003
Hemolytic disease 642
Hemolytic transfusion reactions, acute 645
Hemoptysis 603
control 2001
degree of 2035
extracranial 1060f
extraparenchymal 1059
intra-alveolar 625
intra-articular 351
rapid 2005
Hemorrhagic shoulder 1139
clinical features and radiology 1140
diagnosis 1140
differential diagnosis 1140
epidemiology 1139
pathoanatomy 1139
pathogenesis 1139
treatment 1140
Hemostatic resuscitation 658
Hemothorax, massive 2002
Henderson posteromedial incision 978
Hennepin method 1118
Henry's volar approach 1751
Heparinoids 615
Hepatocellular injury 639
Hepatocyte growth factor 2098
Heptadecanoic acid 2113
Herbert and Fisher classification 553f
Herbert plasty 1778
Herbert screw 2061
Herniography 1046
Heroin 1065
differential diagnosis 270
evolution of disease 269
prevention 1285
risk factors for 1285
surgical removal of 272
Heterotrophic bone formation 1695
Hexanoylcarnitine 2113
Hibb's angle 1394
Hibb's procedure 1396
Hibb's test, positive 1032
Hierarchical scratch collapse test See also Scratch collapse test
High hip center quadrants 1159
High influence of Galen 1878
contraindications 404
indications of 403
preoperative planning 404
principle 403
realignment procedure 403
types of 404
High-flow system 1004
Hindfoot
component 1395
deformities 1400
equinovalgus, fixed 814
deformity of 1339
positioning of 823
varus 717
Hindquarter amputation 1904
Hinge abduction 917
Hinge technique for cross-leg flaps 2088f
Hinged abduction, type of 917
abduction 1005f
abductor 710
contracture 528
muscle contraction 524
abnormalities, surgical treatment of 744
acetabulum 1157
adduction, resisted 1045
advanced destruction of 1008
and knee
flexion of 744
orthoplastic surgery of 1961
surgery, analgesia plan of 1962
arthrodesed postoperative course 1302
optimal position of 1300
primary 1297
arthrography 1013
revision 1288
systems 1196
complications of 1016
aspiration 1243
attitude of 1030
bony anatomy 1157
capsule 1173f
congenital
dysplasia of 887
containment of 916t
deformity
management of 742
pathogenesis of 742
derangements 1016
developmental dysplasia of 666, 757, 843, 868, 887, 889f, 890f, 906, 917, 1011, 1011f, 1020, 2040, 2040t
disarticulation 1903
disease 1041
phantom 1242
quiet 907
bilateral 897
teratogenic 2042
double position 1939
drop, amount of 892
dynamic flexion-abduction of 896
dysplastic development of 887
effusion 828
extensor, weak 528
femoral epiphysis, normal 893f
flexor 743
primary 1163
weakness 528
fracture surgery 616
Ganz surgical dislocation of 1304
contralateral 526
hyperextension 1045
impingement syndrome 1047
instability, management of 756
internal derangements of 1046
irritability, absence of 917
ischemic necrosis of 907
advantages 1172
anterior approach 1171
anterolateral approach, Watson-Jones 1172
biomechanics of 1183
cartilage 1010
direct lateral approach 1174
distraction of 1005f
double-axis 1939
functional anatomy, biomechanics of 1183
limitations and complications 1172
neglected dislocation of 1247
postoperative stiffness of 918
pressure 918
space 1013
stability of 1169
surgical approaches to 1170
tuberculosis of 475
majority of snapping 1027
medial approaches to 1182f
muscular stretching exercises 1036
configuration of 1019f
observation 1242
open dislocation of 1304
osteoarthritis 394t
Altman's criteria for 1233t
clinical features and evaluation 1232
differential diagnosis 1233
Harbinger of 1047
management 1233
prognosis 1233
radiology 1233
osteonecrosis 692
pain, anterior 1013
passively flexing adducted 1021
pathoanatomy of irreducible 890
position 526
postoperative 1939
posterior exposure of 1781
predominantly 92
preserving methods 288
prosthesis 1929
components of modular 1269
radiographs, plain 1021
replacement 1237
surgical error during 1237
rotation
external 528
internal 528
sacrificing 288
screw
angle guide, dynamic 2064f
dynamic 2063
triple reamer, dynamic 2064f
spica cast 1302
stability 755
stress fractures 1042
Windswept deformity of 744
Hip-gluteus medius, primary abductors of 1037
Histiocytoid 249
Histiocytoma, malignant 231
Histone deacetylase inhibitor 1978
Histoplasmosis 435
Hitchhiker thumbs 691
HIV See Human immunodeficiency virus
HIV infection, treating 1977
Hobs-kite technique 725
Hockey goalie/baseball pitcher syndrome 1044
Hockey groin syndrome 1043
Hockey player's syndrome 1044
Hodgson's classification 1605
Hoffmann's procedure 1353
Hohmann's epicondylar stripping 1682
Hoke's arthrodesis 719
Hoke's limited midtarsal arthrodesis 825
Holden's classification 1792
Holding test 940
Homini verminoso 2066
Homocysteine 2114
Homocystinemia 618
Homocystinuria 602
Homogentisic acid 423
Hook grip 1721
Hook of hamate, level of 1803
Hoop stresses 924
Hormonal fluctuation 957
Hormone supplementation increases growth velocity 702
Horns of menisci, posterior 933f
Horseshoe abscess 1876
Horton's click brace 877
Host protein screening 1977
Hotchkiss triad 1050
Hourglass abscess 1874
Housemaid's knee 976
Howship lacunae 42
Hubscher maneuver 1382
Hueter interval 1025
Huge's test 1032
Human
allogeneic skin cells 2076
bites 1868
chondrocyte culture 386
dermal matrix 2075
hematopoietic stem cells 1977
knee joint 943f
mesenchymal stem cells, innovative combinations of 2110
natural killer cell 1835
parathyroid hormone 77
recombinant growth factor proteins 1979
spleen 426
Humby knife 2084
Humeral articular surface fractures 1697
Humeral osteotomy 839
Humeroradial articulation 1671
Humeroulnar articulation 1671
Humerus 542
external rotator of 1079
fracture, distal 2144f
internal rotators of 1079
ipsilateral 585
lateral epicondyle of 1676
vis-à-vis anteversion 1084
Hunter, circulus articuli vasculosus of 280
Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome 702
Hyaline 1411
capabilities of 2109
degeneration 1040
supporting joint 1671
fibromatosis, juvenile 266
repair tissues 380
Hyaluronidase injection 1768
Hydrarthrosis, intermittent 429
Hydrocephalus 1059
Hydrocortisone acetate 1712
Hydrogel, composite of 2108
Hydrostatic weeping lubrication 370
Hydrotherapy 2095
Hydroxychloroquine 431
Hydroxycholecalciferol 107
Hydroxyethyl starch, pentafraction of 583
Hydroxylpyridinium aldehydes 924
Hydroxylysine 675
Hyoscyamine sulfate 631
Hyperabduction syndrome 1986
Hyperactivity disorder 907
Hyperbilirubinemia 655
Hypercalcemia, hypocalciuric 418
Hypercalciuria 114
Hypercoagulable state 2015
Hyperemia, postoperative 1039
Hypereosinophilic syndromes 351
Hyperextended knee 788
Hyperinnervation 981
Hyperintensity zone 1456
Hyperlordotic gait 763
Hypermetabolic glucose 1062
Hypermobile trapeziometacarpal joint 1768
Hyperosmolar dextrose 1000
causes, primary 32
diagnosis, primary 33
epidemiology, primary 33
primary 32
signs, primary 33
symptoms, primary 33
treatment
primary 33
secondary 33
Hyperpathia 590
Hyperphagia 701
Hyperplantar flexion 1394
Hyperplastic synovial tissue 422
Hyperproliferative cells 1759
Hypertelorism 689
Hypertension, intraosseous 394
Hypertonic solutions 649
Hypertriglyceridemia 640
Hypnosis 1957
Hypoaldosteronism 613
Hypochondrial pain, right 639
Hypochondroplasia 687
Hypocoagulation 2015
Hypoesthesia 590
Hypofibrinogenemia 645
Hypofibrogenemia 625
Hypoglossal nerves 839
Hypogonadism 701
Hypomagnesemia 418
Hypomentation 701
Hyponychium, transition zone of 1869
Hypophosphatasia 418
Hypothalamus 1949
Hypotonic solutions 649
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase deficiency 480
Hypoxemia 624
Hypoxic injuries 1059
Hypoxic vascular endothelial cells 653
Hysterical paralysis 1647
I
Iatrogenic injury 1034
Ibuprofen 1990
Idiopathic clubfoot, pathognomonic signs of 867
Idiopathic thrombosis, pathogenesis of 618
Idraparinux 608
IDSA See Infectious Diseases Society of America
Iduronate sulfatase deficiency 119
Ifosfamide 363
Iliac artery, external 1167
Iliac horns 690
Iliac ossification, Risser stage of 1519f
Iliac system, superficial circumflex 2093
Iliohypogastric nerves 1606
Iliopsoas 1182
bursography 1027
contractures of 902
internal snapping of 1008
muscle 1179f
tendinitis 1028
flipping back 1027f
Iliosacral screws, placement of 1968
syndrome 1936
Ilizarov
application of 547f
correction 775
fixator application 547
frame fixation, indications of 544
hip 456
methods of 2072
Imatinib 359
Imipenem 1965
Imipramine hydrochloride 631
Immature bone, formation of 911
Immobilization, postoperative 1053
Immune reaction following gene therapy 1984
Immunohistochemical marker 182
Immunological tests 466
Immunomodulatory therapy 658
Impaction fracture, posterosuperior 1115
Impingement sign, anterior 1021f
Implantable drug-delivery system 261
In situ bone fusion 1577
Incident command system 2007
Incisura ulnaris radii 1774
Indomethacin 444
Induction chemotherapy 184
active 1717
classic signs of 1870
extension of 2033
high risk of 1994
intra-abdominal 635
low-grade 1453
thenar space 1875
Infectious Diseases Society of America 1359
Inferior calcaneo-navicular ligament 1382
Inflammatory cells, granules igniting chemotaxis of 2073
Inflammatory polyarthritis, symmetrical 423
Inflammatory tissue, chronic 1132
Influenza 426
Infraspinatus tears 1106
Infraspinatus tendon transfer 1120
Infusion technique 579f
Inguinal nerve entrapment 1044
Inhibitory molecules, secretion of 1834
Injection therapy, local 1754f
Injuries
associated 1846
bite 1882
chronic 1767
common mode of 1885
electrical 635
external signs of 1694
forms of 1998
frequent site of 1003
grades of 954
history of 1872
intimal 969
level of 1841
mechanism, primary 1998
posterolateral 964
posteromedial 964
primary
mechanism of 956
pattern of 1739
prior evidence of 1814
secondary 1059
mechanisms of 1636
severe 976
severity score 2000t
type of 1739
Inkjet printing 2107
Inner cellular layer 350
Insall's quadriceps snip 413
Insall-Salvati method 810
Insall-Salvati ratio, modified 810
Intact bone See also Rheumatoid arthritis
Intensive care unit 586
Inter-articular injection 416
Intercellular matrix 366
Intercortical callus 43
Interlaminar epidural injection 1476f
Interlocking nail 2055f
Intermetatarsal angle 1366
Internal friction, function of 1943
Internal splints 1850
International Cartilage Repair Society 376
International Committee of Medical Journal Editors 492
International Federation of Societies for Surgery of Hand 831
International Humanitarian Law 1996
International Normalized Ratio 490
International Olympic Committee 1066
International Organization for Standardization 1947
International Paralympic Committee 1066
International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot 1359
Interosseous nerve
anatomy, anterior 1807f
compression
anterior 1807f
syndrome, posterior 1822
compressive neuropathy, anterior 1807
syndrome
anterior 1807
completion of 1812
Interphalangeal motion, loss of 860
Interscalene triangle 1986
Interstitial pneumonitis, idiopathic 428
Interstitial pressure 1790
Intertrochanteric
femur fractures, fixation of 1968
fractures, Boyd and Griffin classification of 2183f
osteotomy, rationale of 1249
biomechanics of 1429
blood supply of 1429
condition of 2033
disease, evaluation of 2032
functions of 1428
Intestinal perforation 635
Intoeing, cause of 762
Intracellular delivery 1975
Intracompartmental pressure, measurement of 576
Intrafix system 962
Intramuscular botox injections 595
Intranasal analgesia, patient-controlled 1956
Intraneural injection 1848
Intraosseous tophi 482
Intraperitoneal pathology 1046
Intrasynovial disease 359
Intratendinous rotator cuff repair 1125
Intratunnel fixation 961
Intrauterine
amputation 703
compression 846
crowding phenomenon 888
growth retardation 700
maladaptation 832
packaging defect 865
Intravascular mechanisms, role of 908
Intravenous regional sympathetic blockade 594
Invasive surgery, minimal 1966
Invertor contractures 528
Ion channel blockers 435
Ionic plasma 377
Iontophoretic transdermal system 1957
Ipsilateral forehead, posterior regression of 666
Ipsilateral zygoma, posterior regression of 666
Iridocyclitis 437
Iridodonesis 678
Iris, hamartomas of 684
Iron-laden chondrocytes 351
Irony of fate 2066
Irreversible injury, pathogenesis of 651
Irwin modified Gill's procedure 728
acute 1848
characteristic distribution of 1791
development of 1790
misleading concept of 1792
result of prolonged 1790
signs of 1332
Ischemic index 1894
Ischemic injuries 1059
Ischemic upper extremity symptoms 1989
Ischial tunnel syndrome 1008
Ischiorectal fossa 474
Isocaloric purine free diet 480
Isoleucine 2114
Isoniazid 469
Isotope bone, role of 2020
Isthmic spondylolisthesis 1573
etiology and subtypes 1573
natural history 1574
signs 1574
symptoms 1574
treatment 1576
types of 1573f
ITS See Iontophoretic transdermal system
IWGDF See International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot
J
Jaccoud's arthropathy 485
Jackson-Weiss syndrome 687
Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome 231
Jaffe-Lichtenstein syndrome 239
Jahss technique 2176f
Jahss truncated wedge osteotomy 725f
Jansen type 691
Japanese type spondylometaphyseal dysplasia 691
Jarcho-Levin syndrome 1539
Javelin throw 1701
Jeanne's sign 1854
JEB See Junctional epidermolysis bullosa
Jebson-Taylor hand function test 749
Jehovah's witnesses 648
Jejunoileal bypass 2116
Jerk diagnostic of snapping, sudden 1028
JESS, advantages of 884
Jobe's test, Hammer's modification of 1092
Jobes's test 1106
Johnsons abrasion chondroplasty 378
Johnsons pronator advancement 1779
action of 321
and-corset system 1925f
ankylosis 1050
arthritis
medial 940
radiological classification of basal 1768t
arthroscopy, large 1048
aspiration 446
inner layer of 348
movements 349
changes, pathogenesis of 422f
classification 343
component 1924
compromising methods 1239
congruity 926
congruous 1707
constrained nature of 1004
contracture 691
degree of 737
development of 741
contralateral 373
degenerative disorders 368
denervation 1140
disease 75
degenerative 388
intrinsic 1762
congenital 2042
dysplasias 391
edema 447
erosion 1693
examination of 1702
forces 522
analysis of 522
anterior 1015
pathology of 526
fusion 1765
geometry 1184
immobilization of 371
inflammation 1940
intermittent locking of 1702
intervertebral 344
kinetics of 2118
laxity, subtle symphyseal 1040
line convergence angle 405
loading, dynamic 370
location 390
lunotriquetral 1746
malpositioning 741
milieu, alteration of 1971
mobility 669
motion 345
no motion 1936
of foot and ankle, stabilization of 718
osteoarthritis, localized large 398
patellofemoral 937f
penetration 829
preservation methods 1240
preserving methods 307
pseudo-widening of 438f
determinants of 1186
surgery 2021
sacrificing surgery 1769
seal, loss of 1009
sepsis 1007
single axis 1936
space
normal 1728f
sclerosis and 1745
ulnohumeral 1717
stabilization of 1935
rapid 1742
unstable 741
subsidence of 1236
surface, reorient 1697
synovium 979
targeting 1981
trophic lesions of 1837
types of 345
ulnohumeral 1704
weight-bearing portion of 429
Jones operation, modified 731
Jones periosteal elevator 2044
Jones technique, modified 1396
Joshi's device 883
Joubert syndrome 1539
Judet acrylic femoral prosthesis 1268f
Judet obturator oblique view 2236f
Jugular venous distension 619
Junctional epidermolysis bullosa 1975
Juncturae tendinum 1056
Juvenile discogenic disease 1564
Juxta-articular lesions 708
Juxtaphyseal deformities 42
K
K nail 2054f
Kahler's disease 232
Kaiser Wilhelm syndrome 832
Kanavel's signs 1877f
Kaplan's complex 2175f
Kaposi sarcoma 1871
Karlsson technique 1346
Karnofsky's performance status 258
Kartogenin, intra-articular injection of 379
Kashiwagi's procedure 1717
Kegel exercises 630
Keller's operation 1372
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca 428
Keratoderma blenorrhagica 444
Keratosis 1419
Kerboul angle 285f
Kessel's plate 2063f
Kessler brace 877
Kessler technique 1414f
Ketanserin 593
Kidner posterior tibial tendon advancement 1386
anatomical considerations 316
classification 318
clinical features 317
pathological phases 317
predisposing factors 317
radiology of 318f
treatment 319
Kienbock's procedure, treatment of 320
Kim, biceps load test of 1095
Kim's test 1096
Kinase inhibitors 434
Kinematic classification 345
Kinematic dysfunction 1737
Kinesin, inhibition of 1830
Kinetic carpal dysfunction 1737
Kinetic energy, high 1994
Kingdom of macedonia 664
Kininogen 660
Kirschner-Perthes cuff 2070
Kite's angle 724
Kite's error 873
Kite's method of manipulation 873
Kjøble modification 1902
Klaes and Eigler modification 1902
Kleinert's classic presentation 1879
Kleinman's shear test 1746
Klenerman's modification 2010t
Klinefelter's syndrome 845
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome 1031
Klisic test 892
Klumpke's palsy 835
angular alignment of 762
ankylosis 528
arthroscopy 617
arthrotomy, method of 2070
bilateral congenital dislocation of 787
cap 935
condyles of 525
deformity 696
management of 745
congenital 789f
fixed 789
dysfunction, severity of 745
active 786
coupling 745
anteromedial bundle 933f
magnitude of 740
maximum degree of 738
test 1413f
grades of 789f
hyperextends 530
hyperextension 1938
injuries, multiple 952
testing 945
biomechanics of 942
dynamic stabilizers of 923f
effusion, moderate 972f
locked 1937
nerve supply of 416
valgus deformity of 781f
ligament 922f
complex, medial 927
management of 745
medially tilted 772
restricted 963
osteochondritis dissecans, management of 375f
anteromedial 940
chronic 416
lateral 780
periprosthetic femoral fractures 2198f
plain radiograph of 952
positions of 935f
radiograph, lateral 789
rotating platform 410
secondary degeneration of 436
skin necrosis, anterior 790
splint 2068
stiffness 790
unicompartmental osteoarthritis of 397
Knee-ankle-foot orthosis, long 775
Kniest chondrodystrophy 689
Kniest dysplasia 689
Knot of Henry 879
Knotted cords, pair of 1824
Knuckle pads 1759
Knudson's two-hit hypothesis 683
Kocher's
approach 1052
bone hook 2052f
disease 1408
infarction 334
line 1238
maneuver 1117
method 1118
second disease 1408
skin 1711
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test 509
Koshino and Aglietti staging systems 304t
Kotwal and Farooque procedure 816
Krager fat pad 1401
Krause, end bulbs of 1826
Krukenberg amputation 1918f
Kruskal-Wallis test 511
Kugelberg-Welander syndrome 1556
Kuntscher's diamond pointed awl 2043f
Küntscher's nail 2070
Kuss classification 2231f
Kuwada's classification 1414
angle 1576f
global 1558
junctional 752
postinfection 1564f
postural 1564
risk of 685
round or regular 1558
severe 1619
Kyphotic malformations, congenital 1557
L
La Chapelle's procedure 1551
Labral avulsions 1015
Labral degeneration 1007
Labral pathology 1011
Labral periosteal sleeve avulsion, anterior 1101
Labral refixation 1007
Labral signal intensity 1101
Labroligamentous sulcus 1013
Labro-periosteal-ligamentous defects 1115
anterior
and posterior 1115
cuff lesion, superior 1115
debridement 1125
degeneration 1019f
excision of 1015
fixation of 1016f
hypoplastic development of 889
morphology, combination of 1011
posterosuperior 1104
repair of 1015
resection of 1146
synovitis, thickened 1007
Laciniate ligament 1338
Lactate dehydrogenase 645
Lag screw 2060f
Lamellar reaction, single 177
Langenbeck right angle retractor 2048f
Lanosterol 2113
Lantermann, segments of 1828
Large hematoma, decompression of 582f
Large proximal compression-contraction forces 1675
Larsen technique 1348
Larsen-Johansson syndrome 985
Lasegue sign, positive 1030
Lasegue's sign 1032
Lasegue's test 1488
Laser osteotomy 2024
Laser percutaneous disk decompression 1458f
Lasers, use of 2023
Latarjet procedure 1122
Latent tuberculosis infection 432
Lateral arm free flap 2094
Lateral cutaneous nerve neuralgia 1034
Lateral femoral pain syndrome 1037f
Lateral joint space, abnormal widening of 968
Lateral pillar classification 912
Lateral tibial tubercle 930
Lateral toes, clawing of 719
Laugier fracture 2148
Lautenbach method 145f
Lax capsule 1028
Lax collateral ligaments 1857
Lax joint capsule fails 889
LCL See Lateral collateral ligament
Lead toxicity, pathophysiology of 1996
bones, nonunion of 538f
compartment 573f
syndrome, anterior 1405
decompression of 581
fasciocutaneous flap, Lateral 2092
injuries, lower 617
length, assessment of 791
muscles, tendon of 786
ulcers 426
Legg maneuver 1118
Legg-Calvé-Perthes-Waldenstrom disease 907
Leighton classification 564
Leishmania tarentolae 1975
Leishmaniasis 426
Lengthening index 804
Lenke et al classification 1522
Lenses, dislocation of 678
Lenti viruses 1974
Lepirudin 608
L-episcopo reconstruction 455
Leptosphaeria senegalensis 164
Lequesne criteria for OA hip joint 1232
Leri-Weill syndrome 852
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome 480
Lessen inflammation 640
Lesser arc perilunar injuries 1749
Lethal congenital contracture syndrome 694
Lethal damage, potential 187
Leucine 2114
Leucine-Rich proteoglycans, small 1427
Leucopenia 639
Leukocytosis 636
Leukotrienes 653
Lewis and Rorabeck classification 2198f
Lewis classification for knee periprosthetic femoral fractures 2198f
Lhermitte's phenomenon 1593
License plate 2033
Ligament
attenuation, periarticular 1693
complex
lateral collateral 1672
medial collateral 1672
primary 1672
ulnar collateral 1672
healing, protect 1697
combined 969
multiple 963
injuries around ankle 1342
classification 1344
diagnosis 1342
imaging 1344
treatment 1344
insufficiency, chronic 1775
normal anatomy of 1760f
of Cooper 1672
of Landsmeer 1859
of Struthers 1808
periarticular 483
posterior
longitudinal 2032
regeneration of 1971
repair of 1700
types of 348
Ligamento-labrocapsular complex 1115
Light aerobic exercise 1064
Light bulb procedure 292f
Light emitting diodes 1969
Limb
alignment 755
restore accurate 1969
coronal mechanical axis of 764
dimension of 524
ipsilateral 1904
circumduction of 526
length 792
deficit, percentage of 755
disturbances, correction of 1970
inequality, development of 759
causes of 779
correcting 773
extent of 782
lengthening methods, surgical 803f
number of 741
positioning 1844
reconstruction 787
rotational alignment of 760
shortening procedures 798
Limited joint motion syndrome 1135
Lim-Lim mineralization protein-1 1982
Lindberg syndrome 1753
Lindeque's criteria 624
Linear displacement 827
Linear indentation sign 1020
Link joint 1726
Lino's band 939
Linoleic acid 2114
Lipid peroxidation 1638
Lipiduria 624
Lipofibromatosis 266
Liposynovitis prepatellaris 979
Lipson's factors 1592
Lipstick sign 1129
Liquid circulating system 1732
Liquid mesenchymal tissue 2073
Lisfranc amputation 1898f
Lisfranc fracture dislocation 2230
Listeriosis 435
Lithium 99
Little finger, clinodactyly of 682
Little league elbow syndrome 1684
L-lactic acid 961
LMN See Lower motor neuron
Load-shift test 1097
Loaf muscles 1852
Lobster foot 816
Locking knee, manual 1930
Locking screws, number and orientation of 2056
Lodwick classification 174f
Loeys-Dietz syndrome 681
Logarithmic method 511
Log-roll test 1013
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification 467
Lordoscoliosis 700
Lorenz bifurcation osteotomy 1259
Lorenz osteotomy 1246
Lorenz principle 1259
Losartan 484
Lou Gehrig's disease 1405
Lower crossed syndrome 1011
Lower humerus, triceps from 1712
Lower limb 796t
amputation 1897
levels 1891f
biomechanics 2115
joint arthroplasty 2115
oligoarthritis 444
trauma 2177
weak 528
LPN See Lateral plantar nerve
Lubrican 350
Lubrication 1200
fluid, entrainment of 1202f
role of lambda ratio values on type of 1201f
types of 1203
Lubricin 350
Ludloff's sign 892
Lumbar
canal stenosis 686
deformities 442
degenerative disk disease 1462
fusion techniques 1464
interlaminar approach technique 1476
kyphosis 1558
osteochondroses 1033
paravertebral ganglia 591
region abscess 1616
sprain 1439
strain 1439
sympathetic chain 594
tuberculosis 1606
clinical features 1487
epidemiology 1486
natural history of 1487
nonsurgical management of 1490
pathoanatomy 1487
pathophysiology 1486
surgical management of 1490
treatment 1490
Lumbar spinal
canal, divisions of 1449f
stenosis 1493
clinical features 1494
etiological classification of 1493
pathoanatomy 1493
pathophysiology 1493
treatment 1495
Lumpy jaw 162
articulations of 316
axis of 1727f
chondromalacia of 1787
decompression of 321
dorsiflexion 1744
excision 322
ulnar translation of 1739
volar flexion of 1746
Lunocapitate dislocation 1748
Lunotriquetral ballottement test 1746
Lunotriquetral interosseous ligament 1729
Lunotriquetral ligament 1730f
Luxatio erecta 1114
Lyme disease 429
Lymphangioma 246
Lymphangitis 1868
Lymphatic drainage 18
Lymphocytic cell 709
Lymphoproliferative disease 1625
Lymphorrhea 1991
Lytic enzymes 638
M
MacKinnon's mixed injury 1838
Macrocephaly 685
Macrolides 148
Macrosomia 833
Macular dystrophy 817
Macular edema 624
Madigan's quadricepsplasty 811
Madurella grisea 164
Magee test 940
Malabsorption produces nutritional deficiencies 2117
Malate 2113
Malformations, pattern of 700
Malignancy, risk of 684
Malleolar fossa 1314
Malleolar fractures, lateral 991
Mallet classification, modified 837
Mallet system 835f
Maltracking patella 400
Malunited distal radius fracture correction 1779f
Malunited radial head 1715
Malunited radius fracture 1752
Malunited supracondylar fracture 1707
Manes method 1118
Mangafodipir trisodium 2028
Manganese 2028
Mantoux skin test 466
Marble bone disease 105
Marchetti and Bartolozzi classification 1572
diagnosis of 679
medical treatment of 681
pleiotropic manifestations of 678
severe neonatal 678
treatment of 681
Margo liber 1869
Marie-Strumpell disease 437
Marrow totipotent stem cells 378
Martin's rubber sheet 2010
Martin-Gruber anastomosis 1852
Martsolf syndrome 910
Mass casualty incidents 2000
Masse's sign 1855
Massive tears 1110
Mastoid retractor 2048f
Materials elastic stress-strain curve 1943
Maternal uterine malformation 831
Mathoulin-Kullman palmar carpal artery 560f
Matles test 1413f
Matrix
degradation enzymes 380
disruption, superficial 370
glycoproteins 924
inhibitor 368
vesicles, role of 25
Matsen's classification 1113
Matti-Russe procedure 559f
Maturation, stage of 1714
Mature bone 7
Maudsley's test 1679
Maxillary hypoplasia 686
Maxillofacial injury, severe 2001
Maxpage procedure 750
Mayo classification, olecranon fractures 2153
Mayo scissors 2050f
Mayo-Hegar needle holder 2051
May-Thurner syndrome 602
Mazet and Hennessy modification 1902
McBride operation modified 1370
McBride procedure 1370
McCarthy test 1013
McCash technique 1764f
McKay's procedure, modified 880
Mckenzie's sign 1336
MCL See Medial collateral ligament
McMurray's displacement osteotomy 1259
McMurray's intertrochanteric medial displacement osteotomy 1258f
McMurray's type osteotomy 1249
McNemar's test 493
MCP See Metacarpophalangeal
MCP joint, stability of 1852
Mechanical thrombectomy 609
Mechanical tibiofemoral angle 765
Mechanosensory cells 11
Meckel-Gruber syndrome 866
Medial cortices, thickening of 772
Medial knee injury, complete 954
Medial menisci, calcification of 420f
Medial-Pivot knee 410
Mediastinum 362
Medical termination of pregnancy 1650
Mediopatellar plica 939
Medius tendinopathy 1037
Medullary grafts 60
Medullary locking, anatomic 1273
Meier technique 1151
Melanoma antigen gene 362
Melone classification 2166f
Melorheostosis 705
Memory deficits, short-term 1062
Mendel-Mantoux test 466
Meningeal arterial injuries, middle 1059
Meninges 1652
Meningitis 635
Meniscal allograft transplantation 974
Meniscal lesions 970
Meniscal ligament, transverse 2030
Meniscal repair 973
Meniscotibial segment 924
Meniscus 1981
injuries 983
normal
lateral 2029f
medial 2030f
repair, techniques of 974f
substitution 2110
vascular zones of 926f
Menkes syndrome 677
Mercer-merchant view 806
Mesangial glomerulonephritis 428
Mesenchymal
intraosseous vessels 378
lesions, miscellaneous 192
neoplasm, malignant 361
hematogenous infusion of 677
Mesenteric ischemia, acute 635
Mesoderm, intermediate 1652
Mesodermal somites 1650
Mesothelioma 362
Metabologens 55
Metabolomes 2113
Metacarpophalangeal
bones 592
flexion 1850
hyperextension 1768
instability of 1766
joint 345, 346f, 420, 552, 750, 1056, 1057, 1721, 1723, 1759, 1761, 1766, 1786, 1787, 1792, 1858, 1862, 2174f
arthritis of 1863f
chondrodesis 851
destruction of 1863
dislocation of 2175f
extensor weakness 1786
flexion of 1722
hyperextension 1812
in rheumatoid arthritis 1862
loss of flexion power of 1812
replacement 1863
ulnar collateral ligament injury 1765
artifact reduction sequence 1214
debris, adverse reaction 1211f
external fixation devices 2029
hardware, presence of 2029
ions 1211
release of 1942
transfer of materials 1942
Metallic orbital foreign bodies 2029
Metal-on-polyethylene bearings 1206
Metaphyseal
arteries 18
chondrodysplasia 691
chondromyxoid fibroma 173f
corner fractures 676
corticotomy 544
decompression 323
diaphyseal
angle 772
junction 994
eccentric lesions 125
epiphyseal lytic lesion 177
extension 448
femur 211
remodeling 828
Metaplasia, fibrocartilaginous 1752
Metastatic
breast 1237
prostate 1237
of bone 251
giant cell tumor 227f
synovial sarcomas 363
tumors 2032
Metatarsal
bar 2068
base 1328
drop 1393
fracture 1317
head 1336
K-wire placement 883
osteotomy 1370
stress fracture 994
Metatarsalgia 1936
Metatarsosesamoidal phalangeal complex 1369
Metatarsus
complex 819
congenital 818
deformity 818f
grades of 819f
simple 819
primus elevatus 1364
varus 818
congenital 823
Methacrylic acid 1220
Methanol 2114
Methicillin-sensitive staphylococci 462
Methyl prednisolone, prophylactic dose of 626
Methylmethacrylate 777
Metoclopramide 667
Metzenbaum scissors 2050f
Meyer's dysplasia 910
Meyerding system 1571
Meyerson classification 2231f
Michelin tire baby syndrome 704
Microcirculatory injury 638
Microcurrent therapy 668
Microdiscectomy, open 1490
Microelastohydrodynamic lubrication 1203
Micrognathia 695
Microspheroliths 1126
Microvascular injury 625
Midface hypoplasia 685
Midfoot
amputation 1360
dorsum of 723
high-pitched 1393
pes planus 990
position 724
pronation of 746
structures 1315
Midsubstance tear 1766
Midtarsus closing wedge osteotomy 447
Migration inducing systemic injury 2014
Milch classification 2150f
Military heel 1935
Millar's double proximal 785
Millipore membranes 1843
Miners’ rehabilitation, developed 2070
Mini bone-attached robotic system 1967
Mini-gastric bypass in form of Roux-en-Y 2117f
Mini-Papineau technique 151
Minocycline 368
Mirels’ scoring system 256t
Mirror box therapy 593
Misaligned patella 698
Misaligned wound edges 2078
Miserable malalignment syndrome 807
Mitochondria, role of 1638
Mitochondrial
DNA hypothesis 639
enzymatic activity 956
oxidative phosphorylation, disruption of 1833
ribosomal nucleic acid 691
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 350
Mitoses 357
Mobile foot deformities, fixed 737
Mobility, test for 1320
Mobilizing brachialis 1712
Modern chondroplasty techniques 400
Modern intramedullary nailing, founder of 2070
MODS See Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome
Moermans, fasciotomy of 1764
Moll classification scheme 362
Moment arm 520f
Mongolian facies 682
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 349
Monoarthritis 388
Monoclonal gammopathy 234
Monocytes 350
Monofocal compression-distraction 547
Monolayer culturing 385
Monomer, release of 1945
Monomicrobial infections 449
Monophasic synovial sarcoma 362
Monosodium urate crystals 352
Moore's approach 1175
Moore's posterior approach 1175f
Moore's staged bone grafting 785
Moraxella 1873
Morbid obesity 1034
Morbus-Bechterew disease 437
Morbus-Gorham-Stout disease 247
Morphine 2016
clinical features 1418
complications 1419
investigations 1418
pathoanatomy 1418
pathogenesis 1417
treatment 1418
Morton's neuralgia 994
Morton's neuroma 1936
Morton's toe 1417
Mosaic autografts 379
Motion analysis, intraoperative range of 1969
Motoneurones axons 1827
Motor
and sensory deficits 967
cells 709
nerve, stimulation of 1841
neuron cell 709
neuropathy 1356
paralysis 1639
paralytic bladder 629
power, active 714
reflexes 836
strength of triceps 718
symptoms, pure 1817
unit action potentials, reappearance of 1839
Mott cells 233
Movement disorder 741
MPGR See Multiplanar gradient recalled
MSPC See Metatarsosesamoidal phalangeal complex
Mucin clot 353
MUCL See Medial ulnar collateral ligament
Mucoid 1411
Mucopolysaccharide 350
Mudler's test 1419
Muenke syndrome 687
Mulder's sign 1418
Mulder's test 1418f
Muller's compression device 2052
Muller's modification of Pauwels’ osteotomy, steps of 1252
Müller's, double plating technique of 476
Muller's, intertrochanteric osteotomy of 568
Multicentric osteosarcoma 201
Multifocal microhemorrhages 1060
Multifocal septic arthritis 454f
Multi-hit theory 636
Multinodular masses 360
Multinuclear imaging 2028
Multipennate types 1067
Multiphasic tissue 369f
Multiple large joints, congenital dislocation of 698
Mumford procedure 1134
Münchhausen syndrome 592
Munchmeyer's disease 273
Munzinger classification 939
Murmurs 633
actions, determinants of 522
adaptability 1072
and osseous structure, assessment of 2039
and tendons, sets of 1859
architecture, role of 1068f
around shoulder 1079
atrophy of 1823
attachment 521
balancing operations 714
belly, level of 2017
cells, utilization of 1971
correct pattern of 734
crossing knee joint 923f
depolarization of 1069
derived stem cells 1980
disease 526
disuse of 592
dysfunction 981
long-standing 806
evaluate integrity of 1049
extensor 1674
fasciculation, absence of 416
fatigue fracture of 1107t
conglomeration of 1067
gross structure of 1068f
loss of 711f
types of 1072t
flaps 2088
function, pathology of 526
group 718
rupture of 1695
hypotonia 671
types of 721
healing of 1983
intraosseous 1724
intrinsic 1859
major 1923
management of 1904
marker 362
mass, preserved 1795
maximum excursion of 1880
minor 1923
pedicled bone grafts 292
posterior border of 1920
power 713
and sensory grading 1632t
restoration of 715
regeneration 2110
relaxants 1444
sequestrum 1791
strain 1971
thenar intrinsic and extrinsic 1768
tightness, intrinsic 1858
tissue facilitates 1979
tone
degree of 737
type of 737
trophic lesions of 1837
twitch and tetanus 1070
type, normal intrinsic 1792
wasting 640
weakness 824
degree of 1395
Muscular anatomy 1163
abductors 1164
adductors 1165
extensors 1164
external rotators 1166
flexors 1163
internal rotators 1166
Muscular atrophy 1987
Muscular contractures, development of 741
Muscular diseases 1971
Muscular injury 1134
Muscular weakness 1938
Musculocutaneous flap 1905
Musculoskeletal
anomalies 526
disorders, antenatal diagnosis of 2038
function assessment questionnaire, short 499
injuries 1999
soft tissue tumors 262
tumor society, staging system of 169t
Musculotendinous
attachments of rectus abdominis 1045
iliopsoas 1026
structures of medial elbow 1683
unit 1028
Mushroom technique 385
clinical features 164
diagnosis 164
etiopathogenesis 163
prevention 165
prognosis 165
radiology 164
treatment 165
Myeloid marrow 232
Myeloproliferative diseases 480
Myoblasts, transplantation of normal 1979
Myocardial ischemia 624
Myoclonus 593
Myoelectric control muscle 1934
Myoelectrically-controlled prosthesis 1934f
Myofascial stimulation therapy 1036
Myofascial therapy 1033
Myofascial trigger points, characteristics of 1474
Myofibroma 266
Myofibromatosis 266
Myomectomy, laparoscopic 1034
Myristic acid 2113
N
N-acetyl galactosamine 642
N-acetyl glucosamine 642
N-acetyl-l-cysteine 402
N-acetyl-l-hydroxyproline 401
Naffziger's syndrome 1986
Nail 2054
anatomy of 1869
bed infections 1868
cross sections 2055f
deformity 857
double-curved 2056f
dysplasia 690
matrix, crests of 1869
mechanical property of 2055
working length of 2056f
Naked unsupported blood vessel 2077
Naker's cyst 987
Nalebuff deformity 1861
Namaskar posture 1802f
Naphthalene derivative 89
Napoleon bonaparte 1758
Napoleon test 1098
Naproxen 1990
Narcotics 1066
Native hyaline cartilage, three zones of 2109
Natowicz syndrome 120
Natural polymers 149
Nature's universal joint 1767
NCS See Nerve conduction studies
Necessitating tarsal arthrodesis 991
Neck
evaluation of 667
femoral heads, short 1217
fractures, surgical 1846
greater trochanter junction 1021
hyperextension 664
of femur, nonunion 567
of metacarpal bones 1796
of talus 716
posterior triangle of 666
range of motion 699
reconstruction 566
resorption 563
restricted rotation of 666
vein dilation 603
Necrotizing vasculitis 430
Needle thoracostomy 659
Neer's test, modified 1092f
Neer-Hawkin's test 1106
Nemaline myopathy 694
Neodymium 2023
Neolimbus formation 890
Neoplasia 192
Neoplastic diseases 1564
Neospinothalamic tract 1950
Nephrolithiasis 2116
across hip joint 1168
action potential 1830f
anatomy of 1807
cerebrospinal group of 1824
compression 1533
etiology of 1819
of median 1797
pathoanatomy of 1821
conduction
test 1036
crossing 1844
damage 585
defects, management of 1843
ends, condition of 1846
sites of 1809
syndromes 1401
fibers, types of 1832t
failure 1407
interfascicular 1845
trunk 1844f
diagnosis of 1838
intercostobrachial 1991
management of 1841
mechanism of 1050
median 1713
pathophysiology of 975
intercostal 839
interdigital 1418
lesions
median 1941
partial median 1808
ulnar 1941
maintenance of gross architecture of 1838
management of 1904
medial 1919
median 1920
movement, convergence of 1831
musculocutaneous 1920
palsies, management options for combined 1856t
median 1852
of upper limb, combined 1855
pinch 1837
syndrome 1837
radial 1920
superficial 1754
repair 1841
augmentation of 1843
failure of 1843
methods of 1841
success of 1845
using cuffing material 1843f
requirement of 2018
root
evaluation of 2032
sleeve injection 1478
syndrome 1837
stretch 1844
syndrome 1837
structure, gross fascicle organization of 1828
supply of bone 19
tissue components 1826f
transposition of 1844f
type of 1845
Nested case control 495
Netilmicin 149
Neural
cell adhesion molecule 1835
ectoderm 1652
foramina 685
innervation muscle reflexes 349
plate 1650
thickening, interdigital 1419
tube
closure 1651
defects 1653
tumors 1803
Neuraxial techniques 594
Neuregulin 1 1836
Neurenteric canal, accessory 1658
Neuritis, interdigital 1418
Neurocutaneous island flaps 1853
Neurodegenerative diseases 1977
Neuroectodermal tumor, primitive 362
Neuroepithelial cells 1651
Neurofilament protein 182
Neurogenic
atrophy 1846
bladder 627
autonomous 629
heterotopic ossification 272
pain 1764
thoracic outlet syndrome, treatment of 1990
Neurokinin-1 receptors 1678
Neurological
disorder 1939
examination 1321
muscle testing 1321
plantar flexors 1321
sensation testing 1322
involvement 1792
thoracic outlet syndrome 1987
Neurology of micturition 628f
Neuromatous neurotization 1844
Neuromuscular
blockade 633
cavus 880
cleft 1069
defect 866
junction 1069f
scoliosis 1553
classification 1554
development of 1553
pathophysiology of 1553
stabilization 1085
training exercises 1108
Neuron
action potential 1830
anatomy of 1825f
groups of 1825
morphological forms of 1825f
specific enolase 1063
theory 1825
Neuronal recovery, mechanism of 710
Neuropathic
clinical presentation 446
etiology 445
natural history and staging 446
pathogenesis 445
treatment 447
clawfoot 719
disorders 392
pain 592
medication 595
Neuroplasty 1478
Neuropraxia, recovery of 711
Neuroprotection 1640
Neurosecretory function 588
Neurotmesis 833
Neurotoxic solutions, injection of 1848
Neurotrophins 1643
Neurovascular
passes 1338
complications, risk of 800
destruction theory of 1360
prevention and management 1283
around ankle 1316
theory 445
Neutral vertebra 1508
Neutralizing crack formation 1215
Neutropenia 637
Newspaper sign 1854
Newton's second law 522
Nicola procedure 1123
Nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 2 1835
Nievergelt-Pearlman syndrome 821
Night pain, presence of 1819
Nilotinib 359
Nimodipine functions 1644
Niobium 1944
Nissl's granules 1825
NiTi alloys, use of 1944
Nitinol staples 1537
Nitisinone 423
Nitric oxide 653
Noble test 984
Nocardiosis 435
Nociceptive nerve endings 1442
Nodes of Ranvier 1828
Nodular synovitis, localized 980
Nodules, multiple 357f
Non-articular osteochondrosis 331
Nonbiodegradable bone cements 146
Nonblanchable erythema 2095
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema 646
Noncontrast spiral computed tomography 842
Nondisplaced avulsion injury 1766
Nondissociative carpal instability 1738
Nondissociative radiocarpal instability 1746
Nonenergy-returning feet 1928
Nonfusion surgery 1531
Nonhemorrhagic hypovolemia 651
Non-neural tubes, addition of 1844
Nonoliguric renal failure 580
Nonossifying fibroma 227f
Nonoutlet impingement 1104
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
agents 1954
drugs 171, 351, 399, 483, 592, 614, 853, 989, 1028, 1137, 1341, 1387, 1402, 1685, 1753, 1768, 1784, 1804, 1954, 1959, 1989, 1990, 2042
therapy 538
Nontelescopic forms 677
Nonthoracic injuries 632
Nonviral gene delivery 1976f
Nonviral systems 1972
Normal clavicular ossification, failure of 842
Normocytic normochromic anemia 426
Normovolemic hemodilution, acute 648
Nortryptiline 1036
Nose bridge, flattened 691
Notochord endplate defects 1452
Notta's nodule 863f
Nourishes chondrocytes 350
Novel nonviral systems 1975
Noxious fumes, inhalation of 1998
N-phenylacetylglycine 2113
NSAIDs See Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Nuchal translucency 695
Nucleoplasty 1481
Nucleus proprius 1434
Nucleus replacement, augmentation of
Null hypothesis 498
Numerical rating scale 1951
Numerous techniques 1706
Nut-cracker type syndrome 1001
Nutrition 1452
O
O-acetylcarnitine, reduction in 2113
O-arm fluoroscopy 1968
Ober's release 712
Ober's test 982
Oblique fascial septum, midpalmar of 1875
Obstetrical brachial plexus palsy 831
Obstruction, severe outflow 651
Occipitocervical dissociation, types of 2242f
Octadecadienoic acid 2114
Oculoauriculovertebral syndrome 1539
fossa 1713
fenestration 1717
narrowing of 1702
tenderness, posterior 1699
arthroscopic removal of 1050f
debridement 1048
stress fracture 1049
Oleic acid 2113
Oligoarticular disease 442
Oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein 1824
Oligohydramnios 818
Oligonucleotide 1975
Oliguria 655
Ollier's incision 1355
Olsen-Hegar needle holder 2051f
Ombredanne's line 893
OMGP See Oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein
Omoclavicular bars 841
Omohyoid 1921
Omovertebral bar 841
Omphalocele 701
Opacifying agents 1227
Open fasciectomy See also Regional fasciectomy
Open wounds, coverage of 2110
Operative ankle arthrodesis, complications of 313
Opitz syndrome 866
Opponens pollicis 1735
Opponensplasty 850
Optic glioma 684
Oral
baclofen 746
calcitonin 402
contraceptives 602
corticosteroids 1041
medications 1804
tolerance, development of 1985
Orbital dystopia 666
Organic matrix, removal of 13
Organism isolated, type of 1963
Orthofix device 803f
Orthofix technique 802
Orthopedic
applications, specific 2100
biomaterials 1942
standards for 1947
boot 2065f
designed 2065
clinical indications in 2022
implants, role of 134
injuries, treat 2005
management 1983
manifestations 1661
management of 684
practice 1004
role of
computers in 1967
ultrasonography in 2037
pioneers of 2068
Orthoradiogram 772
Orthoses reduces flexor, tone reduction 1941
Ortolani and Barlow test 891f
Ortolani's sign 897
Oscillating magnetofection 1977f
Osgood-Schlatter syndrome 329
Osseous
defect, reconstruction of 150
escalator 1513
infection 2021
integration 1943
pathological conditions 2034
proximal radioulnar synostosis 1701
Ossification centers 869
Osteoactivin 17
Osteoarthritis 10, 360, 368, 388, 389, 393, 394t, 401, 491, 829, 669, 759, 1016, 1018, 1024, 1229, 1319, 1679, 1707, 1787, 1938, 1971, 1981, 2102, 2113
acute complications of 397
advanced 395
central 398
classification of hip 1232
clinical staging of 395
deformans 1236
differential diagnosis 397
erosive 398
etiology 390
familial primary generalized 398
glenohumeral 1089
hip, radiological staging of 396t
inflammatory pathway 389f
investigations 396
joint replacement 361
stages radiographs 397f
management 400f
microstructural progression of 393
moderate 395
nodal generalized 398
joint 1229
of knee joint 394t
clinical features 1141
differential diagnosis 1142
radiology 1142
treatment 1142
pathogenesis 392
pathophysiology 392
severe 691
superior pole 398
ulnocarpal 1787
clinical features 199
differential diagnosis 200
gross and microscopic pathology 200
malignant 199
of olecranon 200f
radiology 199
treatment 200
clinical presentation 373
diagnosis 373
epidemiology 372
etiology 372
lesions, grading of 374t
localization of 373f
of capitellum 1679
treatment 374
fracture 1001
lesion 373f
Osteochondrodysplasia 2038
around knee joint 213f
capsular osteoma 979
epiphyseal 707
intra-articular 979
multiple 213
secondary 213
associated disorders 331
classification 331
differential diagnosis 332
epidemiology 329
etiology 329
intervertebral 1586
of lesser trochanter 332f
of right femoral head 333f
of tibial tuberosity 333f
pathophysiology 331
Osteochondrotic lesions 1700
Osteoclasis, form of 1983
Osteoclastoma 226
Osteoconduction 58
Osteocutaneous free flaps 2094
Osteofasciocutaneous free flaps 2094
Osteoinduction 58
Osteokinematics 345
Osteomyelitis 38, 104, 123, 126, 126t, 127t, 129, 129t, 137, 138t, 157, 446, 623, 782, 837, 993, 1600, 1868, 1987, 2034, 2035, 2041
anatomic types of 126f
complications of 156
development of 134
Lew and Waldvogel classification system for 126t
microbiology of 137t
of pubic bones 1040
treatment of 156
understanding of 129
Osteomyoplasty 1903
Osteon 7
classification 275
curved varus osteotomy for 1253
distal femur, secondary 304t
early stage of 2020
etiology 275
etiopathogenesis of 280f
femoral head, management of 295
multiple reports of 2024
of distal femur 301
modified Ficat and Arlet staging of 284t
of knee 303
anatomy 306
blood supply 306
classification 306
pathophysiology of 279
radiation-induced 1237
radiologist 1043
surgical treatment of 288
talus, management of 308
Osteonectin 16
Osteopathic manipulation 1445
Osteopetrosis 105
benign adult form 106
differential diagnosis 107
epidemiology and clinical features 106
etiology and pathophysiology 105
infantile malignant form 106
investigations 106
treatment 107
types of 105
Osteophytectomy 1007
Osteophytic ridge 973
Osteopoikilosis 706
atypical forms of 103
classification of 69t
densitometric definition of 70t
development of 72t
evaluation of 76
genetics of 71
juvenile 676
malignancy related 104
periarticular 1152
prevalence 70
prevention of 82
primary 69t
Osteoporotic
bones 1371
surgical management of 83
fragility fractures of vertebra 84
hip fracture 71f
proximal femoral fracture 84f
vertebra plana 1663f
vertebral fracture with kyphoplasty, management of 1664fc
Osteoprogenitor cells 41
Osteoradionecrosis, symptoms of 279
clinical features 204
conventional 200
differential diagnosis 204
extraskeletal 362
genetics of 203
gross and microscopic pathology 204
hemorrhagic 211
histopathology of 204f
intracortical 201
of distal
humerus 207f
of proximal
femur 208f
humerus 206f
tibia 208f
radiology 203
secondary 201
treatment 205
Osteosclerosis 116
analysis and simulation software 406
angle 568t
around hip joint 1245
Blount 1246
choice of 295
combination of 775
contraindications for 1248
crescentic 1246
general work-up for 1247
resection 1295
intrafocal 546
intramedullary 2070
low subtrochanteric 1259
of distal calcaneus 882
of innominate bone 902
opening wedge 404
plate, double-angle 2063f
reconstructive 1544
resection 1844
angulation 1254
Schanz 1246
staples 1946
subtraction 1551f
vertical 1263f
Otitis media, recurrent 686
Otopalatodigital syndrome 698
Otto bock dynamic foot 1928
Otto pelvis 1236
Otto-Chrobak pelvis 1236
Oudard procedure 1122
Outerbridge-Kashiwagi procedure 1712
Out-toeing gait 759
Oxaceprol 401
Oxidative phosphorylation, uncoupler of 1836
Oxinium 1206f
Oxybutinin chloride 631
Oxyhemoglobin, ratio of 1894
Oxypurinol 484
Oxytocin 99
P
Pachymeninges 1652
Pacinian corpuscles 925
Pad test 629
PADI See Posterior atlantodental interval
abdominal 655
absence of 1809
area of 1953
assessment of 1951
character of 1090
control 1680
methods for postoperative 1954
specific aim of 1954
systemic effects of poor 1952
discogenic 1449
due to cancer 1949
duration of 1953
during uncountered extension of wrist 1678
exacerbations of 1030
exposure physical therapy 593
facetogenic 1450
generator in lumbar spine, concept of 1440
in proximal interphalangeal region 1756
inguinal 1046
intensity difference 1952
lower abdominal 1040
management 1896
in orthopedic patient 1948
medication, self-administration of 1957
on shaking hands 1679
onset of 1090
pathogenesis of 1962
pathways of 1949
perception of 1957
persistent 1768
position of 1775
posterior triangle 1001
postoperative 1050
primary cause of 1029
production of 1449
quantitative experience of 1951
reduction 749
relief 1953t
patient controlled 1956
removal of primary cause of 1949
sensation, modulation of 1949
site of 1049
syndrome
complex regional 1502
prolonged 1794
threshold 1948
timely control of 1957
tolerance 1948
type of 1948
Paleospinothalamic tract 1950
Paley multiplier method 794
Palindromic rheumatism 427
Pallor 579
Palmar
arch
deep 1731
superficial 1730
capsulorrhaphy 1747
cutaneous branch, distribution of 1809
digital artery 1730
fibromatosis 1762
flexed pulling lunate 1727
midcarpal 1729
pivot flap 1911
radiocarpal joint capsule 316
tendinitis 1762
transverse 1764
triquetrum-hamate ligaments 1747
ulnocarpal ligaments 1728
Palpebral fissures, short 700
Pamidronate 90
Pan caspase inhibitors 403
Pancreatic cancer 618
Pangenome 132
Papineau technique 151f
Paprosky classification 1292t
Parafocal osteotomy 546
Parametric tests 508
Paranasal sinus malformation 106
Parapatellar arthrotomy, lateral 413
Parascapular free flap 2094
Paraspinal muscles 571
Parasympathetic fibers 627
Paratendinitis 1411
Parathyroid receptor gene 691
Paré's corset for scoliosis 2065f
Parenteral fluids 421
Paresis See also Motor paralysis
Parieto-occipital surface, flattened 666
Parona, space of 1876
Paronychium 1868
Pars interarticularis 1570f
Partial-thickness skin grafting, use of 1995
Pasta lesion 1106f
Pasteurella species, mixture of 1873
Patchy fibrinous synovitis 1136
dislocation of 983
facets of 936f
familial lateral disposition of 807
femoral syndrome 1938
fracture 2202
different patterns of 2203f
function of 937f
habitual dislocation of 805
hypermobility of 808
midline of 808
nonunion of 1903
overuse of 981
subluxing 1938
tendonitis 397
Patellar
clunk syndrome 415
complications 415
compression 951
test 951f
facet tenderness, lateral 982
grinding 951
hypermobility 981
hypoplasia 690
injury 983
maltracking 940
nose ratio 810
retinaculum 929
sleeve fracture 985
stress fracture 981
recurrent 806
tendinitis 983
tendinosis 983
tilt 810
test 983f
Patellofemoral
arthralgia 980
arthroplasty 400
crepitus 982
disorders 980
kinematic of 941
stability of 923
insufficiency, medial 807
tear, medial 805
malalignment 981
maltracking 980
pain 987
stress syndrome 981
Pathological gait, types of 526
Patrick's test 1013
Patrick's sign 1480
Pauwel's classification 2179f
PCR See Polymerase chain reaction
Pearson's Chi-square test 513
Pebbly Ivory skin lesions 120
Pectineal eminence 1027f
Pediatric
orthopedics 661
supracondylar fracture 2143f
classification of 2151f
Jackob's stages of displacement of 2150f
Pedicle subtraction osteotomy 1551
Pellegrini-Stieda lesion 958
Pelligrini-Stieda disease 958f
Pelviacetabular disease 256
Pelvic
abnormalities 1020
abscess 453
and scapular girdles, stiffness of 1559
band 1938
cover, bilateral 1938
compression test 1036
crush injuries 629
external fixation 2001
floor
exercises 630
muscles 630
fixation 1968
unstable 2000
girdle stiffness 1559
inflammatory disease 635
kyphosis 1558
microinstability 1045
muscular stretching exercises 1036
triple 917
outlet syndrome 1029
pain, posterior 1013
radiograph 1013
ring, tile classification of 2234
stabilization exercises 1036
history of 1255
torsion test 1480
vein 598
thrombosis 602
wall, lateral 755
Pelvifemoral muscles 890
computed tomography of 636
demonstrate coxa valga 684
elevation of 527
radiographs, anteroposterior 2003
shape of 904
Pelvitrochanteric group 890
Pemberton's incomplete pericapsular osteotomy 903
Pemberton's pericapsular osteotomy 904
Pemphigus vulgaris 1871
Penetrates gluteus medius 1006
Penicillamine 437
Penile prostheses 2029
Pentosan sulphate 402
Pentose phosphate pathway 2114
Pentylenetetrazole 683
Peptidylarginine deaminase 426
Peptostreptococcus 1873
Percutaneous
adhesiolysis 1504
endoscopic discectomy 1459
epidural neuroplasty 1504
lumbar discectomies, manual 1459
method of physiodesis 800f
needle fasciotomy 1763
physiodesis 799
plate osteosynthesis, minimally invasive 44
transcatheter 609
Perfluorocarbon emulsions 649
Pericapsular muscles 1137
Pericardium 2005
Pericellular microenvironment 364
Peri-incisional numbness 1046
Perilabral sulci 1013
Perilunate
reverse 1743
injuries
degree of 1749f
patterns 1748
instability
progressive 1740f
reverse 1748
subluxation 1749f
Perimenopausal bone mass 74
Perinatal brachial plexus palsy 831
Perineum 1032
Perineurial cells, layer of 1827
Perineurorrhaphy 1842
Periosteal
chondrosarcoma 223
elevation 452
flap 382
hypertrophy 381
inflammation 1040
pattern, complex 177
continuous 177
pathogenesis of 176fc
sleeve 1900
system 18
Periostitis 993
biomechanical properties of 1831
blocks 1955
clinical features of 1836
lesions 1941
neoplasm of 1989
sheath tumor, malignant 362
structure and function of 1826
Peripheral nervous system 1824
Peripheral venous system 599
Periprosthetic femoral fracture 2199f
Periprosthetic femur fractures 1285
Periprosthetic lucency/osteolysis 1865
Periprosthetic osteolysis 459
Periscapular muscles 1090
Perisynovial fibrotic tissue 1752
Peritalar subluxation 1382
Peritendinitis 2038
Peritendinous membrane 936
Peritoneal lavage 2002
Periurethral bulking therapy 631
Perivascular lymphoid 479
Peroneal artery, branch of 1313f
Peroneal instability 992
Peroneal muscles, paralysis of 717
Peroneal sheath 1346
Peroneal spastic
flatfoot 1400
pes planus 1388
clinical features 1389
etiology 1388
management 1389
pathology 1388
radiology 1389
Peroneal tendinitis 991
Peroneal tubercle 1336
Peroneal vessels 1900
PET See Positron emission tomography
Petechial hemorrhages 625
Pexidartinib 359
Pfeiffer syndrome 687
Phagocytized neutrophils 351
Phalanges, hypoplasia of 861
Phalanx impaction fracture, middle 1058
Phalen's wrist hyperflexion test 1801
Phantom limb pain, incidence of 1962
Pharmacologic thrombolysis 609
Pharmacoprophylaxis 622
Phemister's, White's, Blount's methods 770
Phemister's triad 1152
Phenazopyridine 629
Phenothiazine therapy 667
Phenotypic tests 467
Phentolamine 593
Phenytoin 667
Pheochromocytoma 649
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase 683
Phosphocitrate 422
Photodynamic therapy 2024
Photophobia 1060
Photothermal therapy 1976
Physeal
arrest
asymmetric 770
premature 1787
bar, resection of 777
curettage 770
fractures 36t
growth, control of 770
injuries 36f
lengthening 775
osteochondrosis 331
Physical injury 881
Physis 455
arrest of 799
blood supply of 23
bone 6
cupping of 691
lateral extrusion of 909
premature spontaneous closure of 759
resting zone of 757
violation of 759
Piano key test 1775
Pichia pastoris 1976
Piezoelectric crystals 2037
Pigeon-toe gait 880
Pilon fracture-dislocation 1058
Pilonidal sinus, development of 514
Pilot hole 2060
Pipkin's classification 2186f
Pipkin's fractures 1304
Pipkin's sign 940
bursitis 1031
double 1031
elicits pain 1032
fossa 1030
functions of 1030
abnormalities of 1029
anomalous sacral attachment of 1033
ipsilateral 1032
originates 1030
proximity of 1032
sign 1032
superior border of 1032
diagnosis of 1034
etiology of 1031t
part of 1008
primary 1031
tendon 1006
resection of 1033f
test 1032
Pirogoff amputation 1898
Pirquet test 466
Pitch angle 1394
Pitres-Stut sign 1855
Pitres-Stut test 1855
Placebo treatment group 517
Placenta mesenchymal cells 426
Plano valgus deformity 1936
Plantar
aponeurosis 1327
arch and heel 1386
aspect of joint capsule 721
branch
lateral 1339
medial 1339
callosities, painful 729
fascia
excision of block of 732
release of 725
rupture 999
Windlass effect of 998f
treatment 1402
fasciosis 997
fasciotomy 1000
flexion 745
contracture, prevention and treatment of 1937
degree of 724
of forefoot 864
of medial column alone 724
of talus 716
osteotomy 1385
premature 738
flexors 714
of ankle, secondary 717
calcaneal branch involvement 1403
osteomyelitis of calcaneus 1404
ruptured plantar fascia 1402
stress fractures of calcaneus 1403
sural nerve involvement 1403
hyperkeratosis 484
nerve
medial 1417
neuralgia, interdigital 1417
nodules 1760
plate, release of 725
subluxation of metatarsal heads 427
wart 1333
Plantaris tendons 1316
Plantigrade posture 713
Plasma
dyscrasias 233
infiltrate 479
membrane glycoprotein-1 419
myeloma 232
concentration of opioids 1956
derived albumin 643
imbibition 2084
kallikrein 660
proteins 645
Plasminogen activator inhibitor 660
Plaster splint 1753
Plateau pressure, limitation of 633
Platyspondyly 688
Plexiform arrangement 1828
Plexopathy 592
Plica
alaris elongate 939
excision 1048
synovialis
mediopatellaris 939
suprapatellaris 939
system 939f
Pluripotent stem cells 2098
Plus microfracture 379
Plutarch's, writings of 664
Pneumatic extrusion printing 2107
Pneumatic hammer syndrome 1986
Pneumocystis carinii 435
Podalic version, practice of 2065
Poikilothermia 590
Poland's syndrome 855
Pollock's sign 1855
Pollock's test 1812
Polyamines 2114
Polyarthralgia 465
Polycrystalline materials, group of 1946
Polycythemia rubra vera 602
Polydioxanone 1943
Poly-D-lysine, immobilization of 1845
Polyether ether ketone 1218
Polyethylene 1207
cross-linking 1208
glycol 2109
materials bearing as against 1206
sterilization techniques 1210
Polyethylenimine-based gene carriers 1974
Polygenic multifactorial trait 865
Polygonal resembling chondrocytes 924
Polyhistioma 224
Polyhydramnios 695
Polylactide acid 1943
Polylevolactic acid 1945
Polymeric gene transporters deliver genetic material 1974
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes, migration of 2073
Polymyalgia rheumatica 429
Polypeptides 383
Polypyrrole 1845
Polysulfone 1946
Polyurethane urea 1771
Polyvinyl alcohol gel 2109
Polyvinyl chloride 1753f
Poncet's 3D classification 1525f
Poncet's disease 464
Poncet's rheumatism 464
Ponseti and Smoley system 872t
Ponseti casts 875f
Ponseti classification 1521
Ponseti technique 877f
Ponten flap 2091
Pontine micturition center 627
Popeye biceps See also Proximal biceps tendon rupture
Popeye sign 1130
Population vascular dysfunction, older 1891
Porta pedis 1338
Posch, extensor fasciotomy of 1681
Postarthroplasty 1940
Postarthroscopy 980
Postconcussion syndrome 1063
Posterior cutaneous femoral nerve, anomalies of 1031
Posterior flap technique 1904
Posterior root ganglia, axons of 1825
Posteromedial corner, structures of 927
Postganglionic injuries 836
Postherpetic neuralgia 592
Postinfection kyphosis 1564
Postirradiation sarcoma 201
Postlaminectomy syndrome 1033
Postosteomyelitic deformity 129f
Post-perfusion injury 632
Postphlebitic syndrome 606
Postsurgery fibrosis 980
Postsympathectomy sympathalgia 594
Post-talofibular ligament 869
Post-traumatic
ankylosis of elbow 1717
arthritis 1705
causes 1987
hematoma 1794
malunion 1020
osteoarthritis 391
osteomyelitis 538
stiffness of elbow 1707
Postural-stability testing 1064
Postvoid residual urine 629
Potato peel 2075
Potential injury, spectrum of 1057
Potentiate piriformis syndrome 1030
Pott's classification 2066
Pott's lucid interval 2066
Pott's puffy tumor 2066
Prader-Willi syndrome 700
Precalcaneal bursitis 988
Precoxalgia 907
Prednisone 593
Predominate syndrome 1031
Pre-emptive analgesia, validity of 1955
Pregabalin 1960
Preganglionic injuries 836
Prehensile movements 1723
Perilunate injury patterns 1749f
Prenatal amniotic bands 704
Press test 1775
Pressure
distribution 1009
flow study 629
location of 525
neuralgia 1417
relieving strategies 2095
sores, conservative management of 2095
thresholds 1836
Prestorage leukocyte 646
Pretendinous bands 1760
Pretibial muscles, weakness of 526
PRICE See Protection, rest, ice, compression and elevation
Pridie's perforations 378
Prilocaine 594
Primordial clot, basic scaffold of 2073
Printing technique, selection of 2106
Prodisk lumbar total disk replacement 1467f
Prodrug therapy 1978
Profunda femoris vessels 1167
Profundus tendons 1732
Progenitor cells 1981
Progeria 702
Proliferative fibroplasia 1758
Proliferative synovium 357
Prominent superficial bony markers, loss of 1048
Pronator band 1808
Pronator syndrome 1809
Propantheline bromide 631
Prophylactic fasciotomy 583
Prophylaxis therapy 617
Prostatic calculi 423
fixation methods of 1277
inability to afford 1917
removal of 461
semi-constrained 1782
unconstrained 1782
unipolar 567
weight-bearing surface of 1944
Prosthetic
and orthoses, synthesis of 2110
fitting 787
hands 1933
joint 448
limb, initiation of 1907
titanium rib 1537
Proteasome inhibitor 234
Protein
C deficiency 602
calorie malnutrition 639
cartilage associated 675
citrullinated 426
direct application of 1971
fibronectin 1759
kinases, P38 mitogen-activated 381
non-collagenous 364
of muscle, structural 1070
of propyl-3-hydroxylation complex 676
phosphorylation 593
rich exudate 2083
S deficiency 602
Proteolytic enzymes 593
Proteus 1873
Proton beam therapy 209
Proton-pump inhibitors 419
Protrusion, classification and causes of 1237t
Proximal biceps tendon rupture 1686f
Proximal dissociative carpal instability 1740
Proximal femoral
angle, normal 768
bony trabeculae, Singh's description of 1162
capital physis 757
epiphysis, typical displacement of 828f
focal
metaphysis 2040
nonunions 1247
classification and types of 1246
physis ossify 692
retroversion 753
varus
derotation osteotomy 900
osteotomy 918f
Proximal femur
bony anatomy of 1160f
chondromyxoid fibroma of 220f
Dunn/Rippstein projection of 1022
portions of 909
torsional deformity of 1018
Proximal forearm amputation 1916
Proximal fragment, extension of 551
Proximal injury 1704
Proximal lateral portals 1050
Proximal major replantations 2018
Proximal metaphyseodiaphyseal junction 996
Proximal muscle weakness 1940
Proximal myonecrosis 1897
Proximal osteotomy line 406
Proximal phalanges 725
Proximal plateau tibial angle 769f
Proximal pole fractures 556
Proximal radius, painful bony regrowth of 845
Proximal stress fracture of tibia 996f
Proximal third leg, reconstruction of 2088
Proximal tibial physis 777
Proximal tibiofibular osteotomy 687
Proximal ulna 1051
Proximal vein ultrasonography 604
Prune-Belly syndrome 866
Pruritus 583
PSAIDs See Prostaglandin sparing anti-inflammatory drugs
Psammomas 1127
Pseudofractures 1033
Pseudo S1 syndrome 1033
Pseudoainhum 703
Pseudoaneurysm 414
Pseudoarthrodesis 824
Pseudo-coxalgia 907
Pseudodeep acetabulum 1023
Pseudohyperparathyroidism 34
Pseudomembranous colitis 635
Pseudo-osteoarthritis 421
Pseudotumor formation 1212
Psoatic gait 530
Psoralen plus ultraviolet light 443
Psoriatic arthropathy 998
Psychiatric disorders 526
Psychiatric moans 33
Ptosis, presence of 835
Pubofemoral ligament 1163
Puddu plate 406
Pulley system 1733
Pulmonary angiography 604
Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure 652
Pulmonary fibrosis 426
Pulmonary hypertension 1975
Pulmonary hypoplasia 694
Pulmonary tuberculosis 1760
Pump bump 988
Purtscher's retinopathy 624
Pus, evacuation of 1872
Pustulosis 254
Pyelonephritis 635
Pyknodysostosis 677
Pylkkanen's theory 757
Pyoarthrosis 448
Pyogenic
epidural abscess 1627
antibiotic therapy 1628
epidemiology 1627
etiology 1627
prognosis 1628
treatment 1628
granuloma 1871
tenosynovitis 1872
Pyomyositis 1031
Pypophosphatemic rickets 113
Pyramidal syndromes 1392
Pyridoxine deficiency 421
Pyrimidine inhibitor 432
Pyrolytic carbons 1771
Q
Quad extensive procedure, modified 839
Quadrates plantae 1328
Quadratus plantae 998
active test 964
acts 922
concentric contraction of 526
contraction of 964f
eccentric contraction of 526
femoris muscle 1008
sparing approach 413
tendinopathy 981
avulsion 986
rupture 448
tears 2029
Quadricepsplasty 690
Quadriga 1885f
Quadrilateral brim 1939
Quantitative computed tomography 81
Quenu and Kuss classification 2231f
Quiescent infection 1706
Quinidine 614
Quinolones 148
Quoad valetudinem 461
Quorum sensing 133
R
Rachischisis 1649
Racquet incision 1892
Radial bursa, infection of 1875
Radial deviation 1727
Radial flap 1010
and coronoid process 1701
crepitation over 1705
dislocation 843
fibrillation 1677
comminuted 1052
subluxation of 686
Radial humeral bursitis or periostitis 1684
Radial neck physeal fracture 1695
compression
causes of 1819f
superficial 1821
injury 1755
neuritis of 1677
high 1851
incidence of 1846
low 1851
superficial 1819
Radial osteophytes 1707
Radial polydactyly, types of 858f
Radial scalloping 1789
Radial ulnar dislocations 698
Radical fasciectomy, extensive 1764
Radical margins 184
Radicular pain 1090
Radiculopathy 592
Radin classification 2144
Radioactive synovectomy 436
Radiocapitate ligaments 1739
Radiocapitellar
capsule of 1818
Radiocapitellum joints 1717
Radiodense bone 36
Radiofrequency
ablation of genicular nerves 416
technique of 1458f
denervation 594
energy 377
neurotomy 1480
Radionucleotide, focal 1040
Radiopaque additive, presence of 1945
Radiopenic bone 36
Radiotherapy 187
Radioulnar
articulation 1049
joint 1674
mobile proximal 1917
junction 845
length adjustment 854
widening 1776
Rail-road lengthening 154
Raloxifene 89
Ranawat classification 1593t
Ranawat method 1280
Random sampling, simple 500
Ranvier's crosses 1828
Raynaud's phenomenon 1800
Razaxaban 608
Razor injuries 1882
Recalcitrant plantar fasciitis treatment, chronic 1000
Reconstruction ladder 376f
Reconstructive surgery, secondary 839
Rectus tightness 809
Red grains 164
Redlund-Johnell distance 1595
Regan Morrey classification 1051
Regional analgesia, patient-controlled 1957
Reigel's technique 1656
Reiter's cells 351
Reiter's disease 1871
Relaxation techniques 595
Renal
anomalies 866
dialysis 445
dysfunction 624
failure 637
acute postoperative 607
function 2003
impairment 613
insufficiency 608
losses 107
transplants 306
uric acid urolithiasis 483
Renee creak test 984
Rensor fascia muscle flap 2093f
Repair site gap, effect of 1881
Replantation failure 2019
Resection technique 412
Resident non-neuronal cells 1834
Residual forefoot varus 749
Residual limb 1924
condition of 1924
maintaining flexibility of 1897
maximum function of 1892
restoring strength of 1897
Residual metatarsus adductus 759
Residual neurons, amount of 710
Resistant deformity, common components of 885
Respiratory
alkalosis 656
compromise, signs of 836
disease, severe 621
distress 632
syndrome, acute 2098
dysfunction 1639
infections 698
muscle fatigue 655
Rest, position of 1722
Restorative medicine 2111
Restrict pronation, splinting to 1786
Reticuloendothelial system 356
Retinoblastoma 171
Retroacetabular stress shielding, preventing 1219
Retroclavicular Spurling's test 1989
Retroperitoneal dissection 1034
Retropulsion sign 1618
Retrovirus 1973
Reverse Phalen's test 1801
Rh system 642
Rhabdomyolysis 2013
Rhabdomyosarcoma 362
Rheumatic disease 426
Rheumatoid of
forefoot 1351
hindfoot 1353
contraindications 1355
indications 1355
management 1353
postoperative period 1355
technique 1355
midfoot 1353
paralysis in 1591f
spine 1588
epidemiology of 1592
wrist joint 1864
Rheumatoid arthritis 10, 73, 166, 388, 402, 423, 429f, 433, 436f, 667, 976–978, 999, 1050, 1089, 1133, 1153, 1237, 1355, 1364, 1588, 1701, 1717, 1737, 1752, 1756, 1767, 1789, 1803, 1857, 1858, 1865, 1882, 1971, 1981, 2023
cells 351
clinical features and diagnosis 426
differential diagnosis 429
etiology 424
management 432
positioning for 1940
treatment 429
Rheumatoid
deformity of hand 427f
nodules 1936
spine
complications 1598
management of 1596
surgical management 1596
types of surgical stabilization of 1597
synovitis 1819
tenosynovitis 2039
Rheumatologic disorders 1040
Rhinelander-Papineau technique 150
Rhomboidal shape skull 666
Rhythm of distraction 804
Rib 1585
anomalies 841
fracture 1991
fractures, posterior 676
hump 1541
pencilling 685
short 687
upper 1987
vertebral angle difference 1518f
Ribosomal nucleic acid 691
Rich man's disease 479
clinical features 481
differential diagnosis 483
pathophysiology 480
treatment 483
clinical features 108
etiological classification of 107t
pathophysiology 107
radiographs of 109f
radiological signs 108
varieties of 112t
Rigid internal fixation 843
Rigid metatarsus adductus 819
Rigid midfoot dorsiflexion 814
Riseborough and Radin classification 2144f
Risser's Ferguson method 1516f
Risser's casts 1566
Risser's sign 1520
Robb-Persson modification 1902f
Robert Jones procedure, modifications of 720
Roberts syndrome 866
Robotic arm interactive orthopedic system 1966
Rocker bottom flatfoot, rigid 814
Rockwell test 1942
Rockwood classification 2125f
Roentgenograms, plain 1715
Rotationplasty 1905
Rotator cable 1081
Seebauer classification of 1141
articular side of 1125
debridement 1125
lesions 1108
pathology 1677
repair
articular-sided 1125
mini-open 1110f
open 1109
conservative management of 1108
massive 1115
Seitz classification of 2039t
Wiener classification of 2039t
tendons 1101
Rotatory Drawer test, posterolateral 1695
Rotoscoliosis 1507f
Round cell liposarcoma 362
RRA See Recurrent radial artery
Rrochanteric slide osteotomy 1262f
Rubeola 694
Rucksack paralysis 1986
Ruedi-Allgower classification 2215f
Rupture of ligaments, mixture of 1857
Ruptured cyst 978
Ruptured disk 1485
Ruptured ligamentum teres 1007
Ruptured long head of biceps 1131
Ruptured plantar fascia 1401
Rush rods 677
Russe classification 551
S
Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1976
Sacral
agenesis 814
cord
injury 629
tumors 629
fractures 2247
neuromodulation 631
vertebral line, central 1517f
vertical line, central 1509
Sacroiliac dysfunction 1032
Sacroiliac erosions 420
dysfunction 1033
injection, technique of 1480
instability of 1040
interventions, contraindications for 1481
steroid injection 1480
Sacroiliac stress syndrome 1028
Sacrotuberous ligament 1030
Sacrum 1033
S-adenosylmethionine 402
Saffar's technique 322
Sag test of Godfrey, posterior 949
Sag test, posterior 964f
Sagittal limb deformities 764
Saha procedure 1120
Saksenaea vasiformis 1963
Saline load test 349
Salter-Harris classification 36t
Salter-Harris injury 1056
Sandifer's syndrome 666
Sangwan technique 578f
Saphenous artery, posteromedial perforators of 2089
Saphenous fasciocutaneous flap 2089
clinical findings 161
diagnosis 161
pathogenesis 161
plain film 161
prognosis and course of disease 161
Sarcoidosis 426
Sartorius muscles 526
Satellite cells 1979
Saturn ring 676
Saunders’ determinants of gait 524
Sausage digit 442
Sauvè-Kapandji procedure 1781f
Scalars 519
Scalenus
anterior
muscle 1987
syndrome 1986
medius muscle, sickle-shaped 1987
minimus syndrome 1986
syndrome of 1986
Scalp injuries 1059
Scandinavian flaps 1892
Scaphoid 554f
blood supply of 327f
etymology of 326
bony anatomy of 549f
fix fractures of 556f
classifications of 551
functions of 327
irreducible 1744
lateral 1725
lunate-Capitate joints 1745
movement 1738f
Ikeda classification of 557f
Ilizarov fixation of 558
treatment of 552
osteonecrosis, radiology of 327f
parts of 549f
reducible 1744
trapezium-trapezoid joints 1745
unstable fracture of 553f
Scapholunate 1739
wrist 1745
and lunotriquetral anatomy 1728
chronic 1745
classification of 1744
radiology of 1739f
fracture 1748
gap 1743
instability 1743
Scaphotrapezial
arthrosis 1768
joint 1745
intra-articular fractures of 552f
trapezoid arthrodesis/fusion 322
Scapula 1923
congenital elevation of 840
fractures and injuries 2130
migrating, area of 839
protractors of 1079
retractors of 1079
rotators of 1079
small 847
winging of 1148
Scapular
treatment of 1123
elevators 1079
fractures, goss classification of 2132
instability 1148
clinical feature 1148
etiology 1148
treatment 1149
manipulation 1118
muscles, accompanying paralysis of 836
notching, inferior 1145
Schanz screw 1026
Schenck classification 969
Schisis meaning 1649
Schwann cell 1828
during the process 1834f
membrane 1828
neuron made of 1834
role of 1835
transition, consequence of 1835
tubes 1835f
Schwartz-Jampel syndrome 910
Sciatic tension accentuation test 1488
Sciatica 1029
Scientific surgery, founder of 2067
Scintigraphy 1040
Sclerosing osteomyelitis 157
Sclerostin 100
Sclerotomal somitic mesoderm 1653f
Scoliometer for screening scoliosis 1515f
epidemiology 1538
treatment 1542
curves, correction of 1529f
early onset 1535
idiopathic 1510
incidence of 752
King's classification of 1522t
presence of 680
severe 1501
treatment of 752
Scoliotic curvatures, reducible 1506
Scoliotic deformity, screening of 1515
Scott-Craig orthosis 1937f
Scurvy 837
Seattle foot 1928
Second-impact syndrome 1063
Seddon's ellipsoid 1791f
Seddon's widespread necrosis 1792
Seekh-Kabab osteotomy 241f
Segmental arteries, intercompartmental 323f
Segmental medullary artery, anterior 1437
Segmental ventral root, ipsilateral 1657
Selective estrogen receptor modulators 89
Selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase 484
Selective laser sintering 2107
Selective nerve root block 1478
Sellar joints 345
Semitendinosus 977
Sendai virus vectors 1974
Senn-Miller double ended retractor 2048f
Sensory 591
examination 1812
gait 530
loss 1639
dissociated 1634
neurogenic bladder 629
neuropathy 1034
perception, subjective 1720
symptoms of small finger 1811
testing, quantitative 591
Septal thickening, interlobular 625
Septic arthritides 449
Septic arthritis 353, 388, 446, 448, 448t, 449t, 450, 450f, 451, 454f, 474, 635, 980, 1140, 1243, 1244t, 1868, 2041
clinical features 449
development of 448t
hip 453
of elbow 1822
pathophysiology 448
postoperative 974
Septicemia 618
Septum interarticularis 690
Seroma, formation of 2086
Seronegative inflammatory arthritis 1351
Seronegative spondyloarthropathies 437
Seropositive arthritis 388
Serotonergic antidepressants 471
Serotonin 593
Serratia marcescens 1963
Serum cartilage oligomeric protein 393
Serum hyaluronic acid 393
Serum lactate dehydrogenase 238
Serum protein electrophoresis 1406
Sesamin 98
Sever's disease 331
Sexual dysfunction 1639
Shallow acetabulum 1011
Sham incision 413
Shapiro classification 674t
Shapiro-Wilk test 509
Sharp acetabular rim 895
Sharpey's fibers 1426
Shear injury 980
Shear strain 522
Shear test, posterior 1480
Shear-resistant property of cartilage 369
Sheer number of muscles 519
Sheffield rod 677
Shell allografts 61
Shenton's line, reverse 1021
Shenton-Minard line 893
Shepherd's crook deformity 240
Shigella 444
Shilla system 1537
Shimmy effect 1999
Shock 651
absorption 1008
common progression pathway of 651f
electric 1894
forms of 654t
manifestations 653
reversal of 1639
Shoe, parts of 1935f
Shoe-lift 798
Short stature homeobox 852
and forequarter units 1934
arthrodesis 1144f
arthropathy 1139
arthroplasty 83f
arthroscopy 1078f
asymmetry 843
capsulorrhaphy 2024
complex, articulations of 1077
disarticulation 1920
function, satisfactory 1705
hand syndrome 1986
impingement 1093t
syndrome 1989
injuries 1987
instability 1113
classification of 1114t
arthrodesis of 1143
arthroplasty of 1144
biomechanics of 1084
fracture dislocation of 1114f
stabilizers of 1078t
tubercular affection of 1153f
laterally, point of 1836
normal 2031f
range of motion 699
recurrent dislocation of 1116f
roof of 1079
saddle 1931f
sling 1939
stability of 1078
Shrapnel's effect 1998
Shuffling gait 529
Sialic acid 1644
Signaling of neurotrophins 1829
Silfverskiöld test 1412
Sillence classification 673t
Simian hand 1852f
Simian immunodeficiency virus 1977
Simulate bone tumors 191t
Simultaneous exploration, advantages of 1028
Single bundle technique 965
Single leg stance, mechanics of 1187f
Single-photon emission computed tomography 2020
Sintered titanium beads 1276
Sinuvertebral nerve 1449f
Six-strand techniques 1880
Sjögren syndrome 426
Skaters heel 988
Skeletal
age estimation 793
minimizes errors of 796
angiomatosis 246
management 247
development
congenital error of 707
normal 689
fluorosis 117
growth, rapid 985
maturity 844
assessment of 780
level of 764
function 1067
injuries 1995
oxyhemoglobin 659
structure 1067
site of 741
treatment of 1995
related events, pathogenesis of 252fc
shortening 798
stabilization 1849
tuberculosis 1152
Skier's thumb 1765
Skin 1723
appearance 590
atrophy 1897
burns 1707
color 590
contractures 590
discolored 583
breakdown 1897
lateral 1923
medial 1923
graft 2083
classification of 2084f
complications of 2086
delayed 2083
failure 857
full thickness 2084
simple spilt 2094
injuries 1995
irritation of 873
maceration 1897
warfarin induced 604
preparation 134
slough 820
single layer durable 2075
use of 2075
temperature 590
tension lines, relaxed 2078
texture 590
traction 898
SLAC See Scapholunate advanced collapse
Sleep, sear and deprivation of 1948
Sliding calcaneal osteotomy of Gleich 825
Slocum's modification 1904
Sly syndrome 120
Smart scaffold designs 2109
Smillie's meniscus knife left/right point 2048
Smillie's, bone graft procedure of 1409
Smith-Petersen iliofemoral approach 1178
Snapping elbow syndrome 1695
Sneppen classification 2229
Society of Critical Care Medicine 635
Soft callus 41
Soft tissue
abnormalities
intra-articular 1026
treatment of 1024
adhesion, intra-articular 1717
atrophy 1936
combined 878
compromise 1008
coverage 1795
below knee 2082f
in orthopedics 2081
defects, reconstruction of 2090
edema 1002f
external 41
factors 807
giant cell tumor of 269
hand injuries 1940
imaging 951
imbalance, dynamic 746
local 1049
injury, extensive 623
malformations 859
palpation lateral 1336
crepitus 1337
deltoid ligament 1336
inferior tibiofibular ligament 1336
medial 1337
tendocalcaneus 1336
pathology 890
polydactyly, postaxial 859
reconstruction of 155
release 455
posteromedial 878
support system 1772
tension, proper 1188
tight 888
tumors 168
wound management 1995
Solifenacin succinate 631
Somatoform pain disorders 592
Sophistication 1004
SORL See Spiral oblique retinacular ligament
Southwick angles 827
Spade foot 528
Spaghetti wrist 1881
Sparse hair 1911
Spaso technique 1118
Spastic
cerebral palsy 701
muscles
lengthening of 741
number of 744
paresis 1707
pes valgus foot 1400
Spasticity, reduction of 742
Spectrum antibiotic, start of wide 1964
Spherical grip 1721
Spheroidal tactile corpuscles 1826
Spheroids 671
Sphygmomanometer test 1412
Spilled tea-pot sign 1750f
Spinal
accessory nerve 1148
irritation of 666
anomalies 866
biopsy, complications of 1667
bones 688
column 1706
anterior horn of 709
compression 1472
development of 1651
in pain processing, role of 1950
level of 1949
stimulator, role of 1482
structure of 1433
tracts 1436
venous drainage of 1438
congenital 1542
index 80
management of 752
disorders, treatment of 1982
anomalies, development of 1653
clinical features 1650
embryological aspects 1650
epidemiology 1650
endoscopy 1504
epidural abscess 1615f
fluid analysis 636
fractures 439
fusion 2101
growth
manipulation 1537
modulation, biomechanical 1511
classification of 1621t
lesions 2041
ligaments 1442
lipomas 1657
malformations, midline hairy patch in 1657f
evaluation of 258
motion segment 1446
muscular atrophy 1556
musculature 1442
nerves 1431
pairs of 1432f
neurons 1434
osteoporosis therapeutic intervention 97
overgrowth, relative anterior 1512
pathology, symptoms of 1514
Rongeurs 2049
shock 1639
causes of 1494f
structures 1430f
tuberculosis 1617f
atypical forms of 1620
classification of 1611
management of complications of 1617
surgical management in 1615
tumors, anatomical classification of 260f
Spindle shaped resembling fibroblasts 924
Spine
and spinal cord, anatomy of 1423
biopsy
advantages of 1665
indications of 1665
diagnosis, tuberculosis of 1610
disease of 1949
erector spinae prevent flexion of 526
fracture 71t
instability 1463t
management, tuberculosis of 1612
natural history of disease, tuberculosis of 1603
of glenoid 1144f
risk signs 1618f
scoliosis of 671
scoliotic deformity of 1508t
segment 1625
intraoperative monitoring 1532
procedures, minimally invasive 1968
T1-weighted image of normal 2027f
T2-weighted image of normal 2027f
Spinothalamic tract, lateral 1436
Spinous process, tip of 1653f
SPIO See Superparamagnetic iron oxide
Spirochaeta pallida 2068
Spirochetal arthritis 479
Splanchnic hypoperfusion 639
Splay foot 1334
Splendore-Hoeppli reaction 164
Splinter corticotomy 546f
Split
hand split-foot syndrome 817
nerve 1031
peroneus brevis tendon graft 1348
spinal cord malformations 1658
Spondyloarthritis international society, assessment of 440
Spondylocostal dysostosis 1539
Spondyloepiphyseal tarda 688
Spontaneous electromyography 1533
Spontaneous pneumothorax 678
Sporadic disease 442
Sport specific exercise 1064
Sprains 2023
Spreading infections, malignancy and acute 1891
Squalene 2113
Square nail 2055f
Squared hand 395
Squared iliac wings 686
Squeeze test 1344
Squeeze-film lubrication 370
Squinting patellae 759
SRN See superficial radial nerve
Schwab adult lumbar classification of scoliosis 1548f
Stabilize lunotriquetral joint 1751
Staheli involves extension 904
Stainless steel 2055
Standstill phenomenon 908
Staphylococcal colonization 166
Staphylococcal infections 2114
Static
dorsiflexion wrist splint 1847f
equilibrium situations provides 522
hand orthoses, uses of 1941
muscle, degree of 737
patellar ligament 941f
snapshots, series of 519
stability 922
with dislocation 1739
Statistical methods 509
Status of union 1793
Staunch follower of Hugh Owen Thomas 2069
Steadman's microfracture 378
Steatosis, hepatic 623
Steel procedure 756
Steel, blanch sign of 828
Steep learning curve 1046
Steindler's fascial stripping 725
Steindler's release 1395
Steindler's transfer 840
Stellate ganglion block 591
adipose-derived 2099
and gene therapy 1642
banking 2102
religious aspects of 2104
research in orthopedics 2096
therapy 1983
Stem of uncemented prosthesis 1945
Stener lesion 1766f
Stenosing peritendinitis 1752
Stenosis, laminectomy relieves symptoms of 687
Stereolithography 2107
Sterile matrix beneath 1868
Sterile pyuria 444
Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis 161
Sternotomy defects 2077
Steroid
abuse 275
crystals 352
induced osteonecrosis 276
infiltration 1757f
intradiscal 1483
mechanism of action of 1475
withdrawal of 482
Stevens Johnson syndrome 484
Stewart technique 727
Stimson's maneuver 1118
Stimulation tests 1500
Stinchfield test 1013
Stirrat's modification 1862
Strabismus 668
Strap method 1118
Straps and laces and foot structure 875
Streptomycin 469
Stress 47
abnormal 1037
dorsiflexion 885
emotional 482
classification of 992t
diagnosis of 2020
neck of femur 1042f
of fibula 995f
of olecranon 1702
of proximal tibia 996f
olecranon 1695
gastritis 636
incontinence 631f
posterolateral 1695
provocative 1058
radiographs 1695
relaxation 369
response 28
shielding 1678f
strain
graph 1943f
patterns, types of 47f
with microfractures, repetitive 1408
Stretch 1533
exercise 1680
neuritis 1683
of radial-sided transverse 1858
syndromes See also Nerve pinch
Striated skeletal muscle 1070
Strictly anaerobic bacteria 1975
Stripping injury 1783
Stromal cells, adipose-derived 1980
Stromal vascular fraction 2104
Stromelysins 368
Strychnine 1065
Stryker hand held compartment pressure monitor 577f
Stryker knee laxity tester 950
Student's T-test 511
Stulberg system 914t
Stump sensitivity 1764
Sturge-Weber syndrome 790
Styloid process of radius 1752
Subacromial
bursectomy 1110
corticosteroid injection 1108
impingement syndrome 1102
region 1133
narrowing of 2032
subdeltoid bursa 2031
Subarachnoid hematomas 1060
Subaxial subluxation 1591
Subchondral
microfracture 394
resorption 1040
drilling 378
erosions 1153
fatigue fracture 1043
gelatinous cyst 395
of ulna 1789
spaces 367
Subepidermal nodular fibrosis 268
Subgluteus medius bursa 1037
Sublaminar hooks 1529
Subluxatable hip, pathoanatomy of 890
Subluxated knee 788
Subluxating biceps tendon 1129
Subscapular tendon 1137
Substances, type of 1946
Substantial glenoid bone erosion 1146
Subsynovial connective tissue 359
Subsynovial intra-articular arterial ring of Chung 280
Subsystolic pressures 2012
Subtalar glide test, medial 1343f
Subtalar hyperpronation 1412
Subtalar movements 1330f
Subtalar pronation 981
Subtalar stiffness 785
Subtendinous bursectomy 1008
Subtrochanteric fractures 2187
classification for 2188f
nonunion 539f
seinsheimer classification for 2188f
Subungual melanoma, malignant 1871
Succussion method 1510f
Sudeck's atrophy 588
Sudeck's osteodystrophy 103
Sugioka osteotomy 296
Sulesomab 140
Sulfonylurea hypoglycemics 471
Super molecular structure 1942
Superclot 378
Superhelix structure 366
Superolateral disease 474
Superomedial component 1330
Supinator syndrome 1817
Supportive therapies 1444
Supraclavicular fullness 619
Supramalleolar osteotomy 882
Suprapubic catheters 630
Suprascapular nerve 1150
block 1151
compression 1106
injury 1117
anatomy 1150
clinical presentation 1150
differential diagnosis 1151
etiology 1150
investigations 1151
treatment 1151
trunk 1151
Suprascapular notch 1151
Supraspinous fossa 1150
Sural nerve grafts 838f
Surface-coil technique 2032
Surgery near symphysis 1040
Surgical
complications 1307
technique 1305
lasers, uses of 2024
resection margins 184f
techniques, develop 2065
Suture
button suspensionplasty 1769
joints 343
of skull 344
materials, types of 2079t
strands, multiple 1879
Sweat testing 591
Swing pectoralis major muscle 1920
Swinging movements, smooth 524
Swollen joint count 427
Sydenham's chorea 529
Symmetric polyarticular arthritis 444
Symmetric scapholunate gap 1750
Symphyseal fibrocartilaginous 1041
Symphyseal laxity 1040
Symphysis 345f
curettage of 1041
hyaline articular cartilage 344
infection of 1040
arthrodesis of 1042f
region of 1020
widening of 689
types of 344
Synaptic vesicle precursors 1829
Syncope 1988
Synergism 1849
Synostoses 344
Synovial
cavity 978f
cell 350
growth 350
chondrometaplasia 359
debridement 1007
disease 1007
entrapment 415
fistula formation 1050
adhesion-cohesion 1078
analysis 350
gross examination 351f
typical 353t
fringe inflammation 1677
hypertrophy 1752
inflammation 1135
anatomy and physiology 348
lubrication 370
mechanics 366
lipomatosis 356
around knee joint 976f
idiopathic villous overgrowth of 355
osteochondromatosis 360
pathology 2029
plica
infrapatellar 979
superior 938
proliferation 1132
intra-articular 1140
proteins, citrullination of 426
reflection 360
clinical features 362
differential diagnosis 362
intra-articular 362
radiology 362
treatment 362
space 1707
structures 939
tissue 355
derived stem cells 2099
xanthoma 355
Syphilis 426
T
Tabes dorsalis 629
Tablar fractures 2229
Table top test 1761f
Tachyarrhythmias 651
Tactile discrimination training 593
Tailor's exostosis 1332
Tailor's muscle 1163
Talar body lies 1315
Talar compression syndrome 1001
Talar tilt test 1343
Talipes
calcaneocavus 713
calcaneovalgus deformity 888
cavovarus 730
cavus 719
equinovalgus 730
congenital 1392
Talocalcaneal
articulation, middle facet of 820
incomplete coalition 821f
index 870
ligament
interosseous 1315
lateral 879
tear 1346
Talocalcanean interosseous ligament 869
Talocalcaneonavicular, congenital subluxation of 864
Talocalcaneus capsule 869
Talocrural angle 1319
Talonavicular capsule 869
and calcaneus, parallelism of 870
avascular necrosis of 729
defective cartilage enlage of 865
flattening of 728
fractures 2227
classification of 307t
Hawkin's classification of 2228f
lateral head of 875
Tamoxifen 89
Tanezumab 416
Tangential collagen fibers 365
Tanner-Whitehouse method 793
Tapentadol 1961
Taper slip cemented stem reconstruction 1270f
Tardieu scale 735t
Target tissues, consideration of 1982
Tarsal
bones and joints 868
joints 483
transverse 1330
sinus 1313f
anatomy 1338
clinical features 1339
differential diagnosis 1340
etiology 1339
investigations 1340
symptoms 1340f
treatment medical treatment 1341
Tarsoepiphyseal aclasia 707
Tasocitinib 434
T-cells
antigen-mediated activation of 425
costimulation, inhibitors of 434
decreases stimulation of 1950
stimulation of 1950
transfected, regulatory 1982
TCL See Transverse carpal ligament
TEA See Total elbow arthroplasty
Technetium methylene diphosphonate 2020
Teichoplanin 463
Temporal bone fractures 1059
Temporomandibular joint 355
Tenderness limited, excessive 1876
Tendinous portion, posteromedial 1028
aberrant 1758
absent 1758
adhesions 1806
anatomy of 1731
ancient literature 1878
and ligament repair 2101
avulsion
partial articular surface 1106
triceps 1049
collagen 1880
of elbow 1676
excursion of 1880
fascicles 1879
gliding, resistance to 1888
graft
ends of 1886
reconstruction 1700
repair using 1786
two-stage 1886
causes of 1881
level of 1882
management evolution of 1878
of hand 1888
type of 1882
various zones of 1881f
insertions 1058
instruments 2048
interposition 1769
involving passive flexion 1055
labrum anchor 1083
lengthening 1794
reconstruction, triceps 1691
repair 1880f
postoperative rehabilitation 1887
triceps 1690f
retracts exposing 1028
rupture 2023
pathoanatomy of triceps 1689f
pathophysiology of 1785
triceps 1689
treatment of 1888
sheath 869
fibroma of 265
of biceps 1131
time-dependent elongation of 1879
around ankle 713
failure of 751
Tenodermodesis 1056
Tenosynovial giant cell tumors 355
Tensile stress 47
Teriparatide, adverse effects of 96
Terminal swing 524
Terplex system 1974
Terry Thomas sign 1743
Testut-Kuentz radioscapholunate ligament 316
Tetralogy of Fallot 845
TFC See Triangular fibrocartilage
TFCC See Triangular fibrocartilage complex
Thalassemia 649
Thalidomide 272
Thecal sac, abnormalities of 2032
Theophylline 471
Therapeutic lasers 2023
Thermal
chondroplasty 377
damage, large peripheral zones of 2023
energy, dissipation of 2024
injury 1678
trauma 1891
Thermoplastic polyether ether ketone 1946
Thomas collar 2068
Thomas maneuver 2068
Thomas splint 2068
Thomas wrench for reducing fractures 2068
Thompson-Simmonds-Doherty test 1412
Thoracic duct 1991
Thoracic insufficiency syndrome 1539
anterior release and fusion 1566
combined procedure 1567
complications 1567
management 1566
posterior instrumentation 1567
surgical treatment 1566
Thoracic lordosis 700
Thoracic osteoporotic kyphosis 1564f
Thoracic rib, removal of first 1990
Thoracic trauma, severe 2006
Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair 649
Thoracoabdominal crush injury 623
Thoracolumbosacral orthosis 1668
Thorax 2005
Throbbing pain, presence of 1872
Thromboangiitis 1989
Thromboembolic disease 406
Thromboembolism 413
Thrombolytic drugs 611
Thrombomodulin protein S system 600
Thrombophilia 602
Thrombopoietin 649
Thrombosed ulnar radial 1808
Thrombospondin 16
Thrombus, evolution of 600
Thrower's shoulder, dysfunctional 1089
Thulium 2023
Thumb
amputation 1914
aplasia 862f
basilar joint 1915
classification of 1866
pathogenesis of 1866
treatment of 1867
extension, combination of 1851
flexion, loss of 1852
forceps 2050
in-palm deformity types 751f
loss of 2017
MCP joint, extension of 1812
previous trauma to 1767
Thyroid disease 1135
anatomical axes of 768
and fibula
congenital angular deformities of 782
derotation osteotomy of 730
anterolateral bowing of 782
anteromedial 967
congenital
deficiencies of 785
external rotation of 946f
foot axis 760f
incisural surface of 1319
internal rotation of 692
lateral bow of 772
long axis of 731
longitudinal deficiency of 763
mechanical axis of 764
slope of 406
development of 776
infantile 776
Langenskiold classification of 777f
part of 776
treatment of late-onset 775
Tibial articular surface 923
Tibial axial rotation, mild 921
Tibial cartilage 364
Tibial compensation of varus deformity 773f
Tibial component 411
Tibial condyle fractures, medial 923
Tibial diaphysis, anterior 992
Tibial dysfunction, posterior 1936
Tibial fixation 961
Tibial fractures 585
Tibial internal torsion 771
Tibial physis 986
Tibial pseudoarthrosis, excision of 784
Tibial rotation test 965f
Tibial sesamoid 1367f
Tibial site 961
Tibial slope, alteration of 406
Tibial spine impingement 372
Tibial stress syndrome, medial 997
Tibial syndrome, anterior 570
Tibial tendinitis, posterior 999
Tibial tuberosity 760f
Tibial version 760
Tibiali tendon dysfunction classification, posterior 1387
insertion of 716
isolated paralysis of 715
reflex 1323
spasticity 528
biomechanics 990
disease 990
transfer of 717
use of 718
Tibialis tendon
dysfunction
nonsurgical treatment, posterior 1387
surgical treatment, posterior 1388
posterior 960
Tibialis transfer, split anterior 878
Tibiocalcanean angle 870
Tibiofemoral
arthritis, medial 407
collateral ligaments 922
condyle 923
osteoarthritis 398
subluxation 404
Tibiofibular interosseous ligament 1312
Tibiofibular synostosis 843
Tibionavicular component 1313
Tibioplantar angle 1394
Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis 308
Tibolone 97
Ticlopidine 614
Tikhoff-Linberg resection 1923
Tiludronate 90
Timmerman arthroscopic valgus stress test 1700
Tinel's-Hoffmann sign 1836
Tinnitus 1060
Tip pinch 1855
Tissue
architecture 2107
biomarkers 393
conduits, multiple component 1845
cytokines 393
damage
amount of 1992
local 1999
debridement 143
derived factor 601
destruction, amount of 1995
development, disorder of 663
engineering 2100
fibrocartilaginous 544
fixation 961
fragility 671
abnormal 669
growth factor 2110
handling 134
hard 1980
healing, rapid 1892
homeostasis 981
hypoxia-microvascular hypothesis 639
inhibitors of metalloproteinases 393
injury 651
joining of 2078
joint contracture 1940
microscopic rim of 1994
modeling 802
overenthusiastic dissection of 1693
plasminogen activator 660
recombinant 621
specific stem cells 2097
Toe 1332
brachial index 1894
claw 1936
testing 1322f
flexion, passive 579
mallet 1936
overlapping 1936
clawing of 885
Toe-to-thumb transfer, microvascular 850
Tokuhashi prognostic score, revised 259t
Tolterodin l-tartrate 631
Tomosynthesis 550
Tonnis system 906
Tooth injuries 1882
Toppling sign 1618
Torn fibers 1044
Torsional shaft 1936
causes of 669
complications of 668
functional causes of 667
pediatric variety of 664
tubular orthosis for 668
Total bone height loss 1604f
bearing surfaces for 1205
different types of 1205f
goals of 1279
history of 1267
indications for 1279
plan complicated 1967
principle of 1267
silicon nitride bearings in 1218
arthroplasty 1267
aseptic loosening 1282
cancer risk 1283
clinical results 1281
complications 1281
controversy persists 1279
deep infection 1282
instability 1284
material properties in 1204
Total leukocyte count 977
Total limb arthroplasty 829
Total pain relief 1952
Total parenteral nutrition 637
Total plexus palsy 835
Total small joint arthroplasty 1410
Total ulnar head replacement 1782
Total varus deformity 769f
Total wrist arthroplasty, indications for 1864
Totally rigid claw hand 1792
Tourniquet 1892
in orthopedics 2010
induced hypertension 2016
pain 2016
paralysis 2013
pressure 2012
safety 2010
Toxic hydroxyl free radicals 2014
Toxic shock syndrome 635
Toxic synovitis 1242
Toxic theory 623
Toyager's sign 1414f
Trabecular compression 396
Traction apophysitis 1695
Tramadol 1958
Trampoline test 1776f
Transcranial Doppler sonography 625
Transcranial motor evoked potentials 1532
Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, reverse 136
Transcriptomics 2114
Transesophageal echocardiography 625
Transfemoral amputation 1903
Transforaminal
endoscopic discectomy 1459
epidural injection 1478
injection 1478f
complications of 1478
disadvantages of 1478
lumbar interbody fusion 1466f
Transfusion
associated graft-versus-host disease 645
associated sepsis 645
medicine 641
reactions 635
Transhumeral amputation 1919
Transient
epiphysitis, acute 1242
nystagmus 1061
osteoporosis 104
synovitis of hip 1242
diagnosis 1242
differential diagnosis 1243
epidemiology 1242
etiology 1242
natural history and prognosis 1244
treatment 1244
Transition syndrome 1499
Transitory coxitis 1242
Translation sign, lateral 1618
Transmit viral disease 645
Transparent pericellular glycocalyx 364
Transplanted cells, immunoprotection of 1985
Transpositional osteotomies, rotational 297
Transtendinous repair 1111
Transtriceps 1050
Transverse acetabular ligament, region of 1009f
Trapdoor procedure 292f
Trapeziectomy 1769
Trapeziocapitate ligament 1729
Trapeziotrapezoid ligament 1729
Traumatic
amputations 1874
arthrotomies, smaller 349
arthrotomy 349
diagnosis 349
differential diagnosis 349
etiology 349
treatment 349
chronic 1063
mild 1061
causes 1692
dislocation 844
heterotopic ossification 270
hypothesis 373
injury 779
acute 1690
history of 1684
nonreconstructable limb 1891
peripheral nerve lesions 1989
precluding extension 1786
rotator cuff tears 1106
scars 1762
spinal cord injury 629
spondylolisthesis 1581
tears of labrum 1008
unidirectional bankart surgery 1113
wounds 2076
Tree of Andry 2066f
Treg cells 424
Tremor 593
Trethowan's sign 828
Triamcinolone acetonide injections 1680
Triangular fibrocartilage, anatomy of 1773
Tricarboxylic citric acid 2114
Trident hands 685
Trigeminal neuralgia 2023
Trigger thumb, congenital 1758
Trimethylene carbonate 961
Triphasic bone scan 2020
Triplanar osteotomy 1398
Triplanar Z-osteotomy of calcaneum 1398f
Tripod vertebral joint 1446
Triquetral-hamate-capitate ligament complex 1739
Trisomy 13 1655
Trivial trauma 940
Trochanteric
advancement 1026
arthroplasty 456
bursa 1037f
chronic 1037
management of 1038
treatment of 1038
displacement osteotomy 1247
epiphysiodesis 455
osteoplasty 1026
complications of 1265
extended 1262
indications, oblique 1261
steps, oblique 1261
pain syndromes, lateral 1047
prominences 1038
region 1020
slide 1261
wires 1262f
Trojan peptides 1975
Tru-cut biopsy 179
Trueta's hypothesis 128
Truncal dwarfism 689
Trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 2104
Tryptophan 2114
Tsuge classification 1795
T-test, paired 493
Tube pedicle 978f
Tubular plate, one-third 2056
Tudor-Edward bone cutting forceps single action 2044
active 227
benign 262
cells 251
extra-articular 355
growth 169f
like lesions 192
masses, spatial boundaries of 2036
metastases 239
necrosis
of bone, primary malignant 171t
of heel 1401
related genes 683
mutations of 683
representation of 190
simulators 191t
Turbo spin echo 959
Turner's syndrome 683
Twist length 1992
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor 359
U
UCL See Ulnar collateral ligament
Ulceration 613
dorsal subluxation of 852
epicondyle, prominent 844
impaction syndrome 1746
length of 1787
nonunion of 536f
proximal fragment of 536f
Ulnar
abutment syndrome 1788
artery 1730
laceration of 1807
thrombosis 1815
capsulotomy 850
club hand 844f
medial 1694
parts of 1672t
sprain 1049
digital nerve translocation 1853
dislocation 1776
drift of fingers 1858f
development of 1863
gutter splint 1940
head
dislocated 1775
radius of curvature of 1772
subluxation 1785
subluxing 1775
hypothenar flap 1909
impaction syndrome 1786
impingement syndrome 1788
anatomy of 1810
bifurcation of 1815
compression 1701
decompression 1814
entrapment 1813
irritation 1699
symptoms, persistent 1685
neuropathy 1711
occurrence of 1683
rule out 1684
osteotomy 1778
pull tag 1858
shift, combination of 1858
styloid
nonunion 1788
surface replacement 1781f
tunnel syndrome 1815
variance, positive 1787
wrist pain 1772
Ultrasound therapy, local 1804
Umbilical cord, short 694
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty 407
contraindications 408
indications 408
preoperative planning 408
principle 407
rationale 407
Unicompartmental knee replacement 1966
Unilateral tarsal joint attack 483
Universal saddle joint 1771
Upper extremity
deep vein thrombosis, causes of 618
deformity, surgical correction of 697
management of 749
orthoses 1941
rating scale 749
amputation 1907
nerve palsy 1850
orthoses 1939
prosthesis 1930
functional 1917
swinging motion of 524
trauma 2121
Upper plexus, function of 834
Urate crystal deposition 480
Uricase therapy 485
Uricosuric drug 484
Urinary
bladder, dysfunctional 627
catheters 630
glucosyl-galactosyl pyridinoline 393
sphincter dysfunction 590
system 627
Urist triphasic hypothesis 25
Urology 649
Urticaria 613
V
VAC therapy, benefits of 2076
Vacuum assisted closure 2076
Valgus
amount of 1257
and varus stress test 945
deformity 1385
of foot, development of 714f
elbow instability, chronic 1698
extension overload
foot deformity 1355
intertrochanteric 568
knee 957
laxity 1694
malalignment 376
neck angle 1190f
overload syndrome 1706
producing high tibial osteotomy 403
redirectional osteotomy 745
strain 1671
prevents excessive 1696
stressing elbow 1699
test, rotation 940
thrust predicts failure 406
tilting 1313
Valid alternative randomization method 502
Valleix phenomenon 1339
Vallum unguis 1869
Valproic acid 1655
van Buchem disease 100
Varicella syndrome, congenital 832
Varus
alignment, pathologic 967
and valgus stress test 946f
recurrent 759
severe 396f
forces 966
instability 1692
intertrochanteric
osteotomy 1253
proximal femoral osteotomy 1250f
malalignment 376
osteotomy 297
test 1695
thrust gait 967
Vasa nervorum occlusion 1418
Vascular
cell adhesion molecule-1 350
channel defects 1452
claudication 580
disease 311
disorders 1891
associated 1841
major 572
insufficiency 373
supply, multiple 1911
theory 866
Vascularized bone grafting procedure 308
Vasculitis 426
Vasomotor response, abnormal 587
Vasopressors, role of 657
Vegetative ganglia, ganglionic cells of 1827
VEGF See Vascular endothelial growth factor
Veillonella 1873
Vein 1923
axillary 1988
damage 598
graft 1915
injuries 974
intersegmental graft 1845f
thrombosis, treatment of deep 606
Velpeau projection 1100
Venography 1989
Venous corona mortis 1181
Venous foot pumps 610
Venous hypertension theory 572
Venous system, superficial 599
Venous thoracic outlet syndrome, treatment of 1990
Venous thromboembolism 598
Venous thrombus, development of 610
Ventilation, mechanical 633
Ventilatory failure 655
Ventricular septal defects 845
Verbal rating scale 1951
Vertebral
actinomycosis 162
anomalies 666
artery 1988
anterior wedging of 1608f
various ligaments joining 1426f
deformity 76
discitis 1600
diseases, multiple 1620
disk, innervation of 1430
joints 1425
ligaments, juxta-articular ossification of 1582
metastases 1662
pyogenic osteomyelitis 1621
computerized tomography 1624
conservative management 1626
differential diagnosis 1625
etiology 1621
imaging 1623
management algorithm for 1624fc
neurological involvement 1622
pathophysiology 1622
prognosis 1627
surgical management 1626
treatment principles 1626
venous plexus 1602f
Vertical trochanteric osteotomy 1262
Vesicles, role of 9f
Vesicoureteral reflux 629
Vesiculopustular skin lesions 449
Vestibular schwannomas, bilateral 683
Vicker's test 1942
Villi stroma 357
Villonodular structure 357
Villous hypertrophy 479
Villous synovitis 355
Vimentin 350
Viral
arthritis 429
based delivery systems 1972f
disease 317
infection
controlling of 1977
risk of 691
mediated gene delivery systems 1972
vectors based therapy 1978
Virchow's triad 598f
Visceral motoneurons, cell bodies of 1826
Vision, double 1060
Visual analog scale 1951
Vitamin
deficiency of 2118
B 75
B12, deficiency of 2118
C 677
dependent rickets 111
disorders 107
resistant rickets 776
formation and metabolism of 31
role of 31
E 402
K
supplementation 87
Voiding cystometrogram 629
Volar
angulation 1747
comminution 552
flexion 1724
plate arthroplasty 1058
radiolunate ligament injury 1746
sensations 1855
tendon subluxation 1754
wrist ligaments 1743
Volkmann's canals 7
Volkmann's curette double ended 2047f
Volkmann's ischemia 1941
Volumetric modulated arc therapy 190
von Gierke's disease 480
Voorhoeve disease 706
W
Waddell's signs 1500
Wafer procedure 1779
Wagner's apparatus 883
Wagner's modification 1899
Wagner's technique 802
Wagner's type lengthening device 803f
Wagstaffe fracture 2220f
Waist 549
Waldenstrom stages 909t
Walenkamp phenomenon 136
Wartenberg's sign 1854
Water imbibed proteoglycans act 368
Watson maneuver 1743
WBC See White blood cells
Wear particles, migration of 1199f
Weber and Lautenbach method 145
Webspace infection 1874
Webster's new world dictionary 2075
Weeping lubrication 1203
Weibel-Palade bodies 246
Weight
bearing
bone 1772
joints 390
role of 307
through joint 1865
gain, excessive 833
loss, severe 640
Weightlifter's shoulder 1132
Weightlifting program 1132
Weil's osteotomy, modified 1409
Wells clinical score 603t
Well-vascularized flap 2091
Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index 499
Wheaton’ brace 876
Whiplash injury See also Shoulder injuries
Whistling face 699
White knuckle sign of Ortolani 891
Wick catheter technique 577
Wick method 577f
Wilcoxon rank sum-test 510
Wilcoxon signed-ranks test 509
Wilenski concept 127
Wilhelm procedure of denervation 1681
Willebrand's disease 645
Williams rods 677
Wilson's method 827
Winchester's syndrome 248
Windlass action 824
Windlass mechanism 1327f
Windlass test 998
Winquist classification 2191f
World Anti-doping Agency 1065
Wormian bones 20
Wound
adequate debridement of 2078
care, principles of 2073
complications 1356
contraction 2074
contracture 1707
managing 2080
dressings and dressing materials 2080
factors affecting 2078
rapid 1897
infiltration, local 1955
shrinkage 2076
therapy, pressure 146f
Woven bone 7
Wrestlers syndrome 1132
Wright's hyperabduction test 1989
Wright's maneuver 619
and carpal
blood supply of 1731f
bone injuries 2170
and finger drop 1851f
arthritis 1864f
arthrosis 1776
block anesthesia 1058
brachial index 1894
cock-up splint 1940
disarticulation 1916
dorsiflexion of 1722
extension 1851
splint 1940
weakness of 1820
extrinsic and intrinsic ligaments of 1728
flexion
deformities, dynamic 750
resisted 1684
flexors 1916
joint 323f
arthrodesis of 1743f
kinematics of 1724
movements at 1725f
stiffness of 1806
ligaments, extrinsic 1729f
pain 845
radiological anatomy of 1727
restricts grasp, flexion deformity of 750
scaphoid 1941
snapping 1676
sprains 1940
units 1933
weakness of 1852
X
X chromosomes 683
Xanthine oxidase inhibitor 484
Xanthochromia 351
Xanthosarcoma 231
Xenograft tissues 1112
Xerophthalmia 428
Ximelagatran 611
Y
YAG See Yttrium-aluminum-garnet
Y-ligament 879
Yoga therapy 1445
Young and Burgess classification 2234f
Young's modulus value 369
Young's tenosuspension 1386
Yount's release 712
Yttrium oxide 1214
Yttrium-aluminum-garnet crystals 2023