A
Abdominal girth 40
Abdominal mass 266
Abdominal musculature, absence of 41
Abdominopelvic radiation, history of 754
Abraham Flexner recognizing 87
Absorbable gelatin sponges 896
Accessory obturator vein 783
Accurate ureteral anastomosis technique 4
Acellular matrix 6
Acetyl-para-aminophenol 25
Actinomycin-D 537
Acute scrotum, differential diagnoses of 306t
Acute tubular necrosis, diuretics phase of 43
Adenosine triphosphate 32
Adjacent sigmoid colon 4
Adnexal tumors 109
Adrenal crisis, life-threatening 366
Adrenalectomy 507
indications 507
modifications 510
postoperative care 511
potential intraoperative complications 510
pure laparoscopic 511
surgical steps 508
Adrenocorticotropic hormone, level of 116
Adult kidney and ureters, development of 109
Adventitia 399
Aggressive curative therapies 10
Aggressive partial cystectomy, murine model of 939
Alimentary tract, part of 723
Alkalemia 44
Alkens dilators 885f
Alkens telescopic needle 885f
Allis clamp 785
Ambiguous newborn genitalia 116
Amenorrhea 109
American Urological Association guidelines 731
American Urology Association 873
Amniotic fluid, decreased volume of 111
Amniotic membrane 401
Amplatz sequential dilators 886f
Amputation technique 443
Anal atresia 812
Analgesic medications 27
Anaplasia 533
Androgenic cells, female 101
Angiogenic mesenchyme 110
Ankle, medial malleolus of 51
Anomaly, type of 243
Antenatal hydronephrosis, postnatal intervention for 465
Anterior pelvic floor, detachment of 263
Antibacterial agents 667
Antibiogram, local 230
Antibodies, monoclonal 794
Antifungals agents 667
Antimesenteric face 762
Antimesenteric incision 789
Antireflux mechanisms, passive 549
Antireflux reimplantation, reliable 728
Antireflux techniques 797
Antireflux ureteroileal anastomosis, technique for 798
Antirefluxing tunnel, creation of 592f
Anuria 42
Aorta, medial retraction of 849
Apgar score 34
Aponeurosis, external oblique 300f
Appendicostomy 746
Argon beam coagulation 510
Armamentarium, pediatric urologic 3
Arterial disease, peripheral 62
Artery 124
appendiceal 754
colic 726
epigastric 827
forceps, straight 74
marginal 726
segmental 496
skeletonized 64
splenic 725
Artificial dermis 401
Artificial intelligence, learning programs of 84
Artificial sphincter placement 83
Astrocytes 30
Atrial natriuretic peptide 40
Autonomy, preeminent importance of 9
B
Baby sweetheart retractor 235
Bacterial contamination, risk of 754
Bag technique 652
Bajpai bird-wing technique 314
Balloon
catheters 599f
dilatation
antegrade 809
endoscopic 598
endoscopic high-pressure 599
high-pressure 598
dissection 523
pressure, excessive 704
rupture of 523
technique 539
ureterotomy 598
Barrett's esophagus 44
Baskin modification 190
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome 531
Benzodiazepines 20
Betamethasone 749
Bhonsale lined posterior wall 401
Bicarbonate 690
Bifid clitoris 115
Bifid penis 117
Bifid system 458
Bifid ureter 112f
Bile salt 728
Bilious fluid, drainage of 52
Biological bench models 862
Bipolar forceps, straight 371f
ability 649
abnormalities, congenital 730
acellular matrix 935
indicative of 697
new techniques of 761
robotic 810
behavior 703
signs of 905
cancer 774
type of 774
actual 641
reduction in 671
catheterization 45
closure 608
contraction 681
decompressions 195
dissection, deep posterior 785f
distension 41
diverticulum, dissection of 662
additional 740
adequate 733
suprapubic 622
dynamics 647
non-neurogenic 730
severe 665
enlarged 818
closure 771
complete primary repair of 771
epispadias complex 812
epispadias repair 312
inspired 5
management of 267
orthopedic management for 437
population 260
prenatal diagnosis of 266
reconstruction 263
Redo surgery for 709
repair operative approach 268
repair preoperative technique 266
surgical treatment of 436
treatment of 279
filling, absence of 768
flap 670
long-term monitoring of 388
poor 669
several changes in 705
fundus 113
hiatus 661
hyperplasia 937
hypertrophy 937
initial closure of 411
innervations of 659
irrigation 649
margin 714
mobilization 713
motor innervation of 659f
mucosa 658
area 425
connecting 698
cuff around 704f
fistula 265
left of 685
procedure 669
region 254
repair 278
right of 685
surgeries 705
suspension 674
neoplasia 735
obstruction 665
perforation 651
prolapse 425
reclosure 425
refractory neuropathic 669
removal 761
repair, postprimary 504
rhabdomyosarcoma of 779
sensory innervation of 659f
sequence, exstrophy of 46
severe neuropathic 669
stones 905
complications 909
endoscopic approach 906
formation 651
percutaneous approach 907
postoperative management 909
presentation 905
surgical management 906
surgical technique for 910t
substitution 800
history of 935
superior surface of 713
tissue 667
engineering, revival of 6
trauma reconstruction 494
trigone of 399
ultrasonography 697
wall 909
anterior 674
fibrosis 667
hypertrophy 935
muscle 658
posterior 667
reconstruction 580
Blastema, metanephrogenic 111
Blastemal cell clusters, abnormal 533
Blastocyst cavity 94
Blind incomplete urethral duplication 242
Blocksom procedure 666
filled uterus 440
glucose 48
pressure
high 44
stained peritoneal fluid 541
testis barrier 100
type-and-screen 847
vessels 727
Blunt trauma 495
Boari flap 502f
Bovine tissue, surgically modified 89
Bowel 737
conduits 5
isolated 804
restoration 765
obstruction 523
pararenal 898
preparation
preoperative 800
reconstructive procedures risk dire 6
stimulants 744
Brachytherapy 794
Bracka two-stage repair 145f
Bradykinin 24
Brain
development, normal 30
magnetic resonance imaging 845
malformations, congenital 626
swelling 43
Brainstem 727
Bricker's ileal conduit technique 5
British Association of Pediatric Urologist 597
Brodel's avascular intersegmental plane 896
Brodel's palne 871
Brodel's white line 455
Bronchoscopic studies 17
Broomstick casts 435
Bryant's traction 435
Buck's traction postoperatively 435
Bulbospongiosus, identification of 263
Bulging bladder mucosa 592f
Burgenheim's ureterorectal anastomosis 4
Buttocks flaps 361
Button vesicostomy 670
C
Cadaveric dura 708
Cajal interstitial cell 597
Calyceal urothelium 516f
Canal of Nuck 290
Cancer, urothelial 782
Candidiasis 449
Canine model 939
Caprosyn stitches 608
Cardiac membrane stabilization 45
Cardinal ligaments, deficiency of 774
Carnitine 48
Catheter 652
accidental dislodgement of 505
into stoma 653
number of 741
occlusion of 48
placement 415f
Caudal anesthesia, risks of 27
Caudal extension 106
Caudal regression syndrome 380
Cavernous erectile tissue 357
Cecal mucosa 802
Cecal segment 728
Cecal separation 771
Cecocystoplasty, disadvantages of 731
Cecoureterocele, extravesical 576
Celiac trunk 724
Cellulose, oxidized 401
Celomic epithelium 98
Central venous catheter, infection of 48
Cephalosporin 521
Cesarian section, complications of 15
Chancroid 281
Charleston pouch 803
Chemical mediators 23
Chemotherapeutic agents 779
Chemotherapy 844
cystitis 730
neoadjuvant 779
platinum base 838
primary 843
regimens 794
salvage 844
Chevron incision, subcostal 56
Chiari malformation 770
Child sexual abuse 449
Children's Oncology Group 533
complex 153
corporocavernosal 153
cutaneous 153
fibrous 153
incidence of 215
types 152
and torque 215
classification 152
diagnosis 152
management of 155fc
surgical treatment 154
types of 219fc
Choriocarcinoma 832
Chromaffin endocrine cells 728
Chromium 48
Chwalla's membrane 563
Chylous ascites 852
Cisplatin 843
Cisterna chyli 727
Civil registration systems, scarcity of 949
Clamps, pair of 834
complications 436
orthopedic treatment for 429
postoperative management and care 435
preoperative indications 430
preparations 431
repair 426
surgical technique 432
Classic scar revision techniques 70
Clinical scar assessment scale 69
Clitoral anatomy 354
Clitoral corpus cavernosa 350
Clitoral glans, medial side of 259f
Clitoral hypertrophy 355
Clitoral reduction technique 356
Clitoral skin, plication of 359f
Clitorectomy 356
body of 350
corpus of 350
defects of 116
divergence of 413
external component of 350
separation of 413
female 409f
orthopedic treatment for 429
postoperative care and follow-up 424
reconstruction of 768
surgical interventions for 437
Cloacal walls, lateral 96
Clonidine 20
Clot retention 504
Cloutier-Bracka technique, first stage of 185
Coagulation disorders 449
Codeine 27
Cohen procedure 549
Cohen transtrigonal ureteral reimplantation 607
complications and management 553
embryology 549
epidemiology 549
future advancements 554
indications and prerequisites for surgery 549
postoperative care and follow-up 553
surgical technique 550
Collagen layers 123
Colles’ fascia 233
Colonic enema surgery 731
Color Doppler ultrasound detects 915
Colostogram, distal 381
Colovaginoplasty 403
Colpoplasty 390
Common intra-abdominal pediatric malignancy 531
Compartment syndrome 437
Complete patent urethral duplication 242
Complex surgery requires modern anesthetic techniques 3
Conscious sedations 616
Continent orthotopic ileal neobladder diversion 791
Continuous positive airway pressure 18
Conventional inguinal open techniques 331
Copper 48
Coronal urethral fistula, repair of 190f
Corpora 275
cavernosa 318
deep dissection of 261
reconstruction of 259f
cavernosum, proximal 258f
mobilization of 263
Corporal albuginea 184f
Corporal disproportion 318
Corporal loss 312
Corporoplasty, ventral 160
Corpus cavernosa 231f
Corpuscular receptors, different types of 351
Cortical calcification 898
Costovertebral angle 40
Cowper's gland abscess 174
Cranial suspensory ligament 102
Craniosynostosis 770
Cribriform hymen 439
Cricoid cartilage 17
Crosses iliac vessels 501
Cross-trigonal ureteral reimplantation 567f
Crucial step 857
Crus clitoridis 350
Cryptorchid testis, classification of 297
Crypts of Lieberkühn 728
Cuboidal granulosa cells 102
Currarino's syndrome 96
Cushing's syndrome 44
Cyst 527
avascular 527
epidermoid 832
inclusion 288
multiple 770
orifice dilatation 338
recurrent 189
solitary 770
Cystic disease, family history of 40
Cystic mass 381
Cystitis glandularis 774
Cystography, radionuclide 916
Cystolithotomy 905
Cystolithotripsy, percutaneous 906
Cystometric capacity 633
Cystometrogram, complex 649
Cystorrhaphy, post-traumatic 504
Cystoscopic management 230
Cystourethrography 821f
Cytokine connective tissue growth factor 939
Cytoplasmic enzyme 101
D
da Vinci SI surgical system 851f
da Vinci XI system 851
Dartos fascia 127f
De Castro technique 312
Deafness 40
Decubitus ulcer fasciitis 735
Deep venous network complex 352
Degloving penis 136f
Dehydration 42
causes of 42
management of 42
mild 42
moderate 42
severe 42
signs of 42
symptoms of 42
Delivery, preterm 108
Denis-browne dressing 185
Denys-Drash syndromes 531
Depression, respiratory 26
Dermabrasion 69
Dermal graft 193f
Dermatology life quality index 69
Detrusor compliance 633
Detrusor flaps 501
Detrusor matrix 633
Detrusor pressure 638f
Devine and Horton operative classification 152t
Diabetes insipidus 43
Dialysis, peritoneal 478
Diaphragm 102
Diastasis, recurrence of 428
Diathermy pencil 669
Direct inguinal hernias 290
Direct visual internal urethrotomy 230
Disability-adjusted life-year 950
Discontinue potassium supplements 45
Distal necrosis, early 315
Distal stenosis, evaluation of 175
Distal urethra 352
Diuretics 44
Divergent corpus spongiosum, mobilization of 212
Diverse quantitative evaluation methods 78
Diverticular neourethra 180f
Dizygotic twins 769
Dog ear correction 70
Doppler pulses 327
Dorsal arteries, deep 124
Dorsal chordee, correction of 273
Dorsal cloaca 96
Dorsal Dartos wrap rotation technique 212
Dorsal glanular strip 5
Dorsal lumbotomy 461
Dorsal nerves, branch of 351
Dorsal urethra 241
Dorsal urethral incision 196
Dorsal venous complex 785
Dorsoventral corporal disproportion 184
Double bubble sign 381
Double dye test 376
Double penis 117
Double T-pouch 799
Double ureters 458
Double urinary stream 243
Double V technique 170
Downward-angled penis 279
Doxorubicin 794
Doxycycline administration 940
Drooping lily sign 924f
Dry mucous membranes 42
Duckett's horizontal strip 6
Duodenal injuries 852
Duplex collecting system 564
Duplex renal system 574
complications and management 525
postoperative follow-up and care 525
preoperative indication 521
preparations 521
surgical technique 521
Duplex ureter 567
Duplex urethra repairs 241
associated anomalies 243
classification systems 241
clinical features 243
diagnosis 243
embryology 241
management 243
Dynamic retrograde urethrogram 243
Dyselectrolytemia 617
Dysfunctional urinary systems, management of 4
Dysgenetic gonads 117
Dysphoria 311
Dysplastic nonfunctioning kidney, left-sided 821f
Dysplastic upper pole tissue 570
E
Economic Burden of Neonatal and Pediatric Surgical Disease 950
Ectodermal folds 208
Ectodermal urethral folds, lateral 208
Ectopic embryonal ureteric bud development 549
Ectopic kidneys 471
Ectopic upper pole ureteral orifice 581
Edema, postoperative 205f
Ejaculation, antegrade 698
Ejaculatory disorders 853
Ejaculatory ducts 563
Ejaculatory dysfunction 177
Elaborate stem cell technology 6
Electrocardiogram changes 44
Elephant-trunk appearance 409f
Elevated tumor markers 847
Elliptical xyphopubic incision 827
Embedded nipple 601
Embryo, urogenital ridges of 399
Embryonal carcinoma, high proportion of 838
Encephalitis 696
Encephalopathy 45
Endemic bladder stones 905
Endocrine function 330
Endodermally-derived epithelium lining 113
Endoscope 691
Endoscopic approach 910
Endoscopic incision 576
Endoscopic techniques 338
Endoscopic treatment 561
Endoscopy 690
Endotracheal tube 17
Enoxaparin sodium 395
Enuresis 40
Epididymal temperatures 330
Epididymo-orchitis 306
Epidural anesthesia 431
Epispadiac meatus 249f
complete 408
originates 247
penile torsion in 219
penopubic 260
primary 261
goal of 248
surgical steps, female 421f
severe 708f
torsion-associated 220f
Epispadic males 426
Epispadic urethra 410
Epithelial coverage 131
Erbium:YAG lasers 70
Erectile dysfunction, self-limited 686
Escherichia coli 899
Estrogen, lack of 448
European Association of Urology 873
Excision 169
Excretory duct, primary 104
Exstrophic bladder, outer surface of 410
classical 689
complete primary
reconstruction of 263
repair of 411
epidemiology 409
management of 426
operative procedure 411
postoperative care and follow-up 416
preoperative care 410
primary goal for 411
repair 426t
Extensive capsular loss 497
External urethral sphincter 352
External urinary sphincter reconstruction 658
Extracellular calcium concentration 17
Extracellular fluid 39
Extracellular matrix 660
Extracorporeal suturing and knotting technique 294
Extraperitoneal bladder ruptures 504
Extraperitoneal injuries 504
Extraperitoneal space, development of 557f
Extrarenal wire kinking and slippage 894
F
Faces pain scale 24
Facial plastic dilators 885f
Failed glandular epispadias, repair of 719f
Falciform ligament 848
Fanconi's syndrome 44
Fascial attachments, shearing of 504
Fascial closure 739
Fascial defect 739
Fascial dissection, aggressive 158
Fascial edge, inferior 667
Fascial graft 684
Fascial incision, transverse muscle-sparing 57
Fat, excess 165
Fatty tissue 350
Federal criminal law, violation of 443
Female hypospadias, mild 384
Female oogonium cells 106fc
Female urethral sphincter complex, anatomy of 352
Feminizing genital reconstructive surgery techniques 352
Femoral veins 51
Fentanyl 20
Fetal aromatase deficiency 116
Fetal exposure, amount of 116
Fetal growth restriction 108
Fetal testicular failure 117
Fetal urine refluxing 380
Fetus, karyotype of 116
Fibers, parasympathetic 727
Fibrin 935
Fibrin glue, application of 518
Fibroblast growth factor 100
Fibroma 832
Fibrosarcoma 832
Fibrous connective tissue 439
Fibular free flap 328
Fixator pins 435
Fixator, removal of 435
Fluoroquinolones 52
Fogarty technique 539
Foley's bulb 504
Foley's VY pyeloplasty 470f
Follicles, primordial 102
Follicular cells 102
Foreskin, amount of 130
Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy 827
Frank purulence 67
Freamine 47
Free scapular flaps 319
Free sensate osteocutaneous fibula flap 324
Freehand sleeve technique 282
French multicentric study 526
Frenulum, reconstructing 202
Full blood count 690
Functional bladder closure, management of 269
Functional endometrial tissue, presence of 405
G
Gabapentinoids 25
Gamma-glutamyl transferase 48
Gastric
acid, reduction of 815
artery
left 724
right 724
fluid, drainage of 52
secretions, acidic nature of 729
wall, posterior 457
Gastroesophageal junction 54
Gastroesophageal reflux disease 19
Gastrointestinal abnormalities 822
Gastrointestinal anastomosis 733
Gastrointestinal disorders 754
Gastrointestinal dysmotility 750
Gastrointestinal losses 48
Gastrointestinal problems 46
Gastroplasty technique 3
Gene expression, activation of 939
General plastic surgery principles 64
Generous glans spatulation 183f
Genital appearance 12
Genital atypia 366
Genital bleeding, causes of 449t
Genital complications 774
Genital disorders, correction of 3
Genital end-bulb 351
Genital examination 697
Genital feminization 93
Genital mass 449t
Genital restoration surgery, female 354
Genital skin, excoriation of 729
Genital surgery, elective 14
Genital swellings 115
Genital systems 93
Genital tracts, clinical embryology of 93
Genitogram 370
Genitography 355
Genitourinary anomalies 738
Genitourinary tract 683
Genotypic sex 93
Geometric broken line closure 71
Germinal epithelium 102
Gibson incision, modified 582
Gigli saw 716f
Gil-Vernet trigonoplasty technique 264
Glabrous skin, area of 263
Glandular reconstruction 273
Glandular sulcus 190
Glans atrophy 366
Glans wings 275
Glanular epithelial plate 114
Glial cells 30
Glomerular function 39
Glycinate 815
Glycolytic pathways, activation of 939
Goblet cells, mucus secreting 728
Gonad, development of 97
Gonadal status 13
Gonadal vessels 827f
Gonadoblastoma 832
Gonadotoxic therapy, initiation of 15
Gravity cystograms 272
Great Ormond street hospital repair 165
Green fluorescent protein 937
Groin 319
Gubernacular bulb, distal 103
Gubernacular swelling 103
Gut syndrome 771
H
Hairy urethra 196
Haller's anastomosis 726
Halothane anesthesia, administration of 33
Harmonic scalpel 525
Harvest additional ileum 762
Hasson technique 583
Heat 23
Hemangioma 832
Hemihypertrophy 532
Hemikidneys separation 525
Heminephrectomy, laparoscopic 523
Heminephroureterectomy, upper pole 525
Hemisacrum 380
Hemiscrotum 836
Hemivagina 383
Hemolysis 44
Hemostatic agents, application of 510
Hemothorax 897
Hendren's technique 552f
Hendren's telling 5
Henoch-Schönlein purpura 306
Hepatic arteries, common 724
Hepatocolic ligaments 456
Hermaphroditism, true 117
Herpes simplex virus 281
Hidden incision endoscopic surgery 602
High-fidelity fluoroscopy-free simulators 860
Hinman disease 761
Hinman syndrome 626
Hodgson innovations 6
Holmium laser fiber 566
Human embryo 104f
Human immunodeficiency virus 281
Human tissue haptics 865
Humerus, proximal 51
Hyaluronic acid-based bulking agents, endoscopic injection of 550
Hydatid of Morgagni 306
Hydration, intravenous 765
Hydraulic fluid leakages 705
Hydrocele, types of 290f
Hydrocephalus 770
Hydrocolloids 65
Hydrocolpos 370
Hydrocortisone 69
Hydrogen ion 729
Hydrometrocolpos 381
grading system for 919f
left 875f
lower pole 565f
persistent obstructive 605
resolution of 565
severe 642f
upper pole 565f
worsening 572
Hydronephrotic system, right 918f
Hydroquinone 69
Hydrothorax 897
Hydroureter 597
Hydroxylase deficiency 44
anomalies of 109f
incomplete fenestration of 439
normal parous 109f
septate 439
structural abnormalities of 439
Hymenal ring 442
Hymenectomy 442
Hyperaldosteronism 43
Hyperalgesic nitric oxide, production of 25
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy 62
Hyperlipidemia 43
Hyperpigmented scar 70
Hyperproteinemia 43
Hypertension 532
Hypoglycemia, risk for life-threatening 116
Hypokalemic hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, risk for 793
adolescent adult life 188
causes of 115
correction of 188
management of 199
matured 5
penoscrotal 224f
perineal 338
perineoscrotal 226f
postoperative care for 653
evolution of 5
method of 5
multi-stage 6
preputioplasty in 201
primary 185
severe 147f
proximal 312
single-stage correction of 224
surgery 190
instruments 140f
techniques 5
torsion in 208f
type of 206
Hypospadic meatus 132f
Hypothermia, detrimental effects of 18
Hypoxemia 939
I
Ideal scar 69
Ileal chimney 935
Ileal conduit 728
Ileal limb 802
Ileal mesentery segments, isolation of 789f
Ileal patch, isolated 807f
Ileal reservoir, cutaneous 799
Ileocecocystoplasty, disadvantages of 731
Ileoileostomy reconstitutes bowel 732f
Ileostomy 738
Iliac apophysis 432
Iliac crest 484f
Iliac fossa, right 724
Iliac osteotomy, description of 429
Iliac vein, circumflex 783
Iliococcygeal fibers 264f
Ilioinguinal nerve 835
Imperforate anus 665
In situ flap reconstruction 325f
In utero maternal estrogen production 109
Inconspicuous penis
complications 171
different surgical approaches 162
epidemiology 164
etiology 163
management principles and indications for surgery 164
Indocyanine green 491
Indwelling catheters, management of 51
Infant cardiovascular system 17
Infant feeding tube 566
Infectious diseases 730
Infertility 243
Infraumbilical body wall, muscle of 115
Inguinal hernia
and hydrocele 290
complications, and management 294
future advances and directions 294
indications and prerequisites for surgery 291
postoperative care and follow-up 294
preoperative technique 291
indirect 290
Inguinal ring, external 835
Injury
isolated ureteral 505
long mid-ureteric 501
mid-portion 497f
non-accidental 448
pancreatic 852
pleural 897
renovascular 852
Inner preputial flap urethroplasty flap 227f
Innovative tissue engineering technology 519
Inotropes 19
Inspired oxygen, fraction of 847
Instances steri-strips 68
Instill flush solution 652
Intact ileal ureter reconstruction 611
Internal inguinal ring, level of 842
Internal spermatic artery 332
International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group Risk Stratification 837
International Prostate Symptom Score 238
International Reflux Grading System 922f
International Society of Paediatric Oncology 533
Intracellular fluid 39
Intramural ureters, smooth muscle of 113
Intraoperative retrograde ureteral catheter placement 477
Intrathecal local anesthetic placement 28
Intrathecal morphine, addition of 470
Intrauterine fetal demise 108
Intravaginal torsion, type of 305
Intravesical portion, cystic dilation of 563
Intravesical ureteral reimplantation 590
Intrinsic anti-reflux mechanism 4
Invasive urinary diversion methods 622
Iron supplementation 46
Ischiopubic ramus 350
Ischium 252f
Island flap 189
Isoflurane 34
Ivanissevich inguinal varicocelectomy 333
J
J ureteral stent 599
Jaundice, cholestatic 48
Jhonston's loop ureterostomy 618
Joint pain 425
Juvenile granulosa cell 832
Juxtaglomerular cells 40
K
Karyotype, disclosure of 13
Kaye nephrostomy tamponade balloon 896
Kayexalate 45
Kelly repair, philosophy of 263
Kelly soft-tissue mobilization 260
Ketones 41
Ketorolac 26
Keyhole sign 115
Keyhole technique 873
aplastic 589
complete anatomical development of 39
complicated duplex anomalies of 521
contralateral 572
development 110f
anomalies of 110
variations of 110
disease, significant chronic 381
diskoid 111
draining ipsilateral 563
drop down of 523
duplicate 381
dysplastic 589
excursions, respiratory 864
exposition of 529
function 733
protection of 381
functional development of 39
gross morphology of 455
heminephrectomy 529f
hypoplastic 589
injury, acute 847
malrotation of 112f
masses 41
mid-portion of 496
mobilization 525
neonatal 670
normal 39
normalcy of 671
preoperative evaluation 919
rhabdoid tumor of 531
scarring 651
shape of 921
single functioning 598
ultrasound 380
examination of 424
upper pole of 569
ureter bladder ultrasonography 513
Kiss tubularized prostatic urethra 715
Kittner dissector 371
Kocher's incision, subcostal 56
Kock pouch 729
Kojic acid 69
K-receptor 26
Kropp method 675
Kropp reconstruction procedure 675
Kropp technique 675
Kyphoscoliosis 731
L
Labia
tissue of 103
hypertrophy, diagnosis of 442
preoperative indication 439
structural abnormalities of 439
surgical alteration of 443
complications and management 446
concise message 446
epidemiology 445
formation of 445
incidence of 445
postoperative follow-up and care 446
preoperative indication 445
progression of 445
surgical technique 446
Labial anomalies 355
Labial hypertrophy 442
complications and management 445
epidemiology 442
management of 443
postoperative follow-up and care 444
preoperative indication 442
surgical technique 443
Labial skin flap 391
Labioscrotal folds 348
Labioscrotal swellings grow 114
Laceration, parenchymal 498
Lacuna magna 174
Lacunar cavities 350
Ladd's bands 299
Lamina propria 399
Lancet Commission on Global Surgery 951
Laparoscopic assisted robotic techniques 755
Laparoscopic box trainer 87
Laparoscopic transvesical cross-trigonal antireflux ureteral reimplantation 553
Laparoscopic varicocelectomy 333
Laparoscopy 58
Lap-trainer ureteroscopic reconstruction 82
Larger caliber cutaneous stoma 729
Laryngeal mask airway 18
Laryngitis 19
Laryngospasm 19
Leadbetter-Mitchell procedure 686
Learning relaxation techniques 671
Leiomyoma 832
Leiomyosarcoma 832
Lembert sutures 802
Leukemia 832
Leukocytes 41
Leukocytosis 44
Lich-Gregoir technique 591f
Lidocaine jelly 441
Limbic system 24
Linea alba 698
Linear blockage 439
Linear calcification 532
Lipectomy, suprapubic 165
Lipids 47
Lipoma 832
Lipomeningocele 770
Liposarcoma 832
Liposuction 165
Lithotomists 3
Live porcine labs 82
Lloyd and Simon, fistulization method of 4
Long ureteric strictures, reconstruction of 519
Loop of Henle 40
Loose superficial sutures, placement of 68
Lorazepam 20
Loupe surgery 81
Lovenox 395
Low cost laparoscopic pyloromyotomy simulator 89
Lower abdominal transverse incision 582
Lower genitourinary tract, functional restoration of 709
Lower IQ test scores 34
Lower pole collecting system 571
Lower urinary sphincter mechanism 796
Lower urinary tract 935
approach 566
closure of 715
congenital anomalies of 114
development of 113
malignancy 5
primary goal of 728
symptoms 657
Low-perioperative oxygen concentrations 852
Lumbar epidural continuous analgesia 263
Lumbar vein, ascending 460
Lumbar vessels 852
Lying down adrenal sign 111
Lymph vessels 727
Lymphatic, number of 332
Lymphoid nodules 723
Lymphoma 832
Lymphovascular invasion 838
M
Mace procedure 758
Macroscopic renal collecting structures 456
Mafenide acetate 66
Maingot's abdominal operations 54
Male and female epispadias repair 247
embryology 247
epidemiology 247
indications and prerequisites for surgery 248
surgical technique 249
Male androgenic cells 101
abdominal closure 415f
herniotomy 413f
omphaloplasty 414f
repair
different approaches 266
external fixation 424f
osteotomy 423f
surgical steps 422f
umbilical arteries 413f
chordee correction 419f
neourethra formation 419f
painting and draping 418f
urethral plate incision 418f
Male genitourinary tract, common congenital anomalies of 129
Male reproductive tract 105
Male sexual function 775
Malignancy, retroperitoneal 512
Malignant testicular tumors, management of 838
Malrotation 770
Manganese 48
Manikin-based training protocols 87
Marjolin's ulcer 65
Marsupialization technique 567
Mature skin bridges 288
Mature T-tubule system 17
Maydl's trigonosigmostomy maintained 4
McBurney's incision, modified 56
McBurney's point 56
McCune-Albright syndrome 449
McGill inanimate system 83
McIndo forceps 74
McKenna felt 431
Meatal anomaly 282
Meatus 238
Medial endodermal urethral folds 208
Median raphe 208
Medicalized language, avoidance of 14
Megacalycosis, congenital 512
Megarectum 402f
Megaureter
causes of 598
congenital 558f
diagnosis of 597
etiology of 598
obstructed 926f
types of 596
Membranes, premature rupture of 108
Meninges, congenital anomaly of 28
Menstrual stasis 354
Mermaid plaster 430
Merriam-Webster dictionary 12
Mesenchymal epithelial transformation 104
Mesenteric artery, superior 725
Mesenteric border 757
Mesenteric transillumination 733
Mesenteric window 482
Mesoblastic nephroma, aongenital 531
Mesodermal deficiency 174
Mesodermal ingrowth 408
Mesodermal proliferation 208
Mesonephroi 39
Mesothelial broad ligament 103
Mesothelium, mesodermally derived 94
Mesovarium 103
Metachronous hernia, risk of 294
Metanephroi 39
Metanephros 104
Methylene blue injection 526
Metoclopramide 815
Metzenbaum scissors 738
Microdermabrasion 69
Microfibrillar collagen bolster 497
Microsurgery 81
Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy 331
Microvascular plastic surgery 772
Microvascular techniques 772
Midclavicular line 584
Midline abdominal incision 804
Midline genitourinary reconstruction 436f
Midline Mercedes extension 56
Migration 31
Mini bladder neck reconstruction 414f
Minimally functional right kidney 923f
Minimally invasive techniques, development of 694
Mitochondrial degeneration 31
Mitochondrial dysfunction 32
Mitrofanoff catheter 692
Mobilize colon 509f
Modern retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, evolution of 843
Monfort's techniques 827
Monozygotic twins 769
Monsplasty 424
Monti channel 798f
Monti-Yang technique 729
Moral distress 10
Morphine 26
Mouse's voiding phenotype 937
Mucosal defects, closure of 259f
Mucosal edema 450
Mucosal tissue 363f
Mucus discharge 243
Mucus fistulogram, high-pressure 381
Mucus production 729
Müllerian anomalies 770
Müllerian remnants 109
Multifunctional organ 328
Multinucleate umbrella cells, luminal layer of 113
Multiple classification systems 369
Multiple organs, extensive resection of 538
Multiple pelvic procedures 686
Multiple tailoring techniques 601
Muscle 64
bands 723
cutting 55
flaps 401
ischiocavernosus 123
splitting 55
dissection 569
right iliac fossa incision 56
technique sparing 582
tone 672
Muscular formation extending 352
Muscularis propria, muscle of 113
Myocardial infarction 23
Myocutaneous flaps 60
N
National Advisory Council 946
National Comprehensive Cancer Network 837
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease 945
National Institute of Health 944
National Wilms’ Tumor Study Group 533
Neolabia minora 385
Neonatal and pediatric surgical disease and interventions 949
Neonatal infant pain scale 283
Neonatal surgical disease 951
Neophalloplasty 312
Neoplasia 541
Neourethral stenosis 177
Neourethroplasty 180f
Neovaginal prolapse 388
bilateral 543
laparoscopic
and robotic total and partial 543
polar 521
lower pole partial 529
prophylactic 533
radical 538
robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial 524
Nephric duct, common 113
Nephrogenesis 39
Nephrogenic cord 104
Nephrolithotomy 83
Nephropathy, obstructive 564
Nephropexy sutures 513
Nephroscope placement 908f
Nephroscopy 891
Nephrostogram 513f
Nephrostomy, percutaneous 587
Nephrotoxic drugs, dosing of 45
Nerve 123
hypogastric 659
plexus of 853
nociceptive 23
origin, autonomic 353
palsy
postoperative 432
parasympathetic 727
stimulation 661
sympathetic 727
Nervous system, peripheral 941
Nesbit's anastomosis 4
Nesbit's plication 159
Nesbit's procedure 318
Neurofibromatosis 116
Neurogenesis 31
Neurogenic disease 688
Neurogenic sphincter incompetence 700
Neurologic disease, history of 18
Neurologic disorder 626
Neurologic injury 27
Neuropathic bladder, congenital 617
Neuropathic population 729
Neurosurgery 34
Nightmares 20
Nitrofurantoin, dose of 815
Nitrous oxide 32
N-methyl-D-aspartate 31
Node dissection, right-sided 849
Nonabsorbable monofilament material 293
Nonappendiceal tubes 756
Noncavitary rudimentary horn 107
Noninfectious pulmonary disease 735
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium, mucosa of 399
Non-microsurgical phalloplasty techniques, types of 312
Nonoliguric hyperkalemia, incidence of 47
Nonovergrowth syndromes 532
Nonrefluxing lower pole ureter 569
Norepinephrine 24
No-touch technique 478
Novel antireflux technique 601
Noxious stimuli 23
Nutrition 424
O
Obturator foramina 715
Obturator internus muscle 252
Ocutaneous flaps 391
Oligodendrocytes 30
Oliguria 42
Omega and umbilical sliding window incisions 57
Omphaloplasty, preparation for 414f
Oncological disease control, concern of 543
Open reconstructive urological surgery 76
Open ureteral reimplantation 660
Ophthalmic micro forceps 73
Oral contraceptive pills, continuous use of 440
Osteomyelitis 425
author's technique of 717f
choice of 431
greenstick-type closing-wedge 269
horizontal 432
nonunion 425
oblique 435
posterior 429
site 436
technique of 716
Ovarian development 116
Ovarian function 108
Ovarian tissues 117
Overgrowth syndromes 532
Oxycodone 27
Oxygen desaturation 17
P
P53 tumor suppressor gene, mutation of 531
Pacinian corpuscles 351
Pain
assessment 24
classification of 23
control 395
postoperative 23
problems 606
cyclical abdominal 109
impulses 727
management 268
postoperative 58
severe 395
suprapubic 729
Painful catheterization 737
Painless testicular mass 832
Pallister-Hall syndrome 96
Palomo's retroperitoneal varicocelectomy 333
Palpable bladder, two-thirds of 620
Palpable testes, presence of 130
Pampiniform plexus, veins of 330
Pancake kidney 111
Pancreas 724
Pancreaticoduodenal artery, inferior 725
Para-aortic areas 540
Para-aortic tissue, lateral retraction of 849
Paraboloid lithotripter 893f
Parallel-hole collimator 916
Paralytic ileus 44
Parastomal hernia 667
Paratestis 779
Paratubal cysts, adult females 109
Parenteral lipids, administration of 47t
Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome 312
Patent ductus arteriosus 19
Pediatric and adolescent reconstruction, operative manual of 354
Pediatric Device Consortia Grant Program 947
Pediatric ethical issues, management of 9
Pediatric ethics, unique aspects of 9
Pediatric genitourinary organs 505
Pediatric hydronephrosis, common causes of 464
Pediatric pain management 28
Pediatric reconstructive history 3
Pediatric solid tumors 832
Pediatric spina bifida population 758
Pediatric suprapubic cystostomy 616f
Pediatric surgical technique 694
Pediatric trauma, mortality of 494
Pediatric ureteral trauma 499
indications 499
operative technique 500
postoperative care and complications 503
Pediatric ureteropelvic junction disruption 498
centers 642
field 944
practice, current 625
preparation 521
reconstructive 73
surgical reconstructive procedures 649
Pelvic
anatomy 82
bones 263
brim 902
calculus, left 875f
drain 504
intraoperative imaging of 269
muscles relax 638
fracture urethral disruption 232f
hematoma
infection 504
manipulation of 504
immobilization 425
incisions 54
nerves 659f
organs 349
complete 431
goal of 436
oblique 429
technique of 718f
pain 439
pathology 730
nerve 661
trauma, extensive 626
urethra 114
anatomy of 428
anteroposterior 436f
female 352
intrarenal 484
lower fragment of 716f
normal 429
sides of 434f
Pendulous diverticulum, technique for 176
Penicillin allergy 815
Penile chordee correction 263
Penile concealment 288
Penile construction 318
Penile edema 227
Penile fascia 123
Penile lengthening 272
Penile shaft skin 165f
Penile shortening, aggravation of 718f
Penile straightening 131
Penile swelling during voiding 243
Penile torque, correlation of 209
Penile urethra, distal 929f
Penile web, incision of 169f
Penile wrap 171
Penis
anatomy of 123
development of 115
iatrogenic amputation of 312
shaft of 190
skin coverage of 258f
Penopubic junction 773
Penoscrotal fusion 164f
Penrose drain 685
complications 894
confirming successful puncture 884
instructions on steps of 859
precautions 894
preoperative evaluation 874
simulation today 858
simulator 861
special situations 893
steps 877
surgical technique 876
tract loss in 895
training 857
opportunities 858
triangulation technique 882
Performed osteocutaneous fibular free flap 328
Perianal stitch 713
Periaortic nodes 534
Perinatal infection 33
Perineal dissection 263
Perineal fistula 403f
Perineal opening 355
Perineal orifice, single 380
Perineum 404
Peritoneal hitch stitch 585f
Periumbilical incisions 56
Phagocytosis 60
Phallic reconstruction 775
Phallic redo operation 718
Phallic repair 718
Phallic urethra 114
Phallus 768
Pharmacokinetics 18
Phosphate, sodium-dependent 769
Pin-site infection 425
Pioneering pediatric urologic reconstructive techniques 3
Piperacillin 815
Plastibell stem 284
Plastic repair, advent of 428
Plastic surgical principles 60
Platinum microcoils 896
Pneumoperitoneum, perioperative 525
Pneumovesical distention 660
Polar injuries, major 496
Poliglecaprone 815
Polyester tape suturing, method of 717f
Polyfilament 76
Polylactic-co-glycolic acid copolymers 935
Polymerase chain reaction 939
Polypropylene 76
Polyuria 40
Porcine kidney model 82f
Port placement 702f
Positive end-expiratory pressure 18
Posterior calyx, selection of 883f
Postsurgical pain, majority of 23
Postvoid residual volumes, measurement of 471
Potential tumor spillage 836f
Potter sequence 111
Potter syndrome 111
Pouch, creation of 802f
Precocious puberty 449
Premature birth, complications of 19
Prepubic hairless skin 711f
Preputial collar, completion of 323
Pre-Sertoli cells 100
Programmed cell death 31
Pronephroi 39
Propofol 34
Prostatic apex 784
Prostatic utricle
complications and management 342
epidemiology 338
postoperative follow-up and care 342
surgical treatment of 338
embryonic development of 339f
excision 338
Proteus mirabilis 899
Prothrombin time 874
Provoke hematuria-dysuria syndrome 6
epidemiology 142
future advances and directions 149
indications and prerequisites for surgery 142
outcomes with brief pertinent literature 148
postoperative care and follow-up 148
preoperative assessment 143
preputioplasty in 204f
techniques 144
two-stage repair of 142
Pseudodiverticulum formation 504
Pseudohermaphroditis, female 116
Pseudospongioplasty 176
Psoas hitch 502f
Psychiatry 12
Psychology 12
Pubic articular surface, lower border of 714
Pubic dehiscence 709f
Pubic separation, persistent 718f
Pubic skin 315
Pubococcygeal fibers 264f
Puborectalis fibers 264f
Pudendal neurovascular bundles 263
Pudendal vessels 351
Pulsatile renal hematoma 495
Pump malfunctions 705
Pump sodium ions 94
P-waves, flattening of 45
Pyelolithotomies 512
Pyelotomy 481f
Pyeloureteral junction 457
Pyloric stenosis, hypertrophic infantile 42
Pyloromyotomy 54
Pyonephrosis 898
R
Radial deformities 380
Radical prostatectomy, robot-assisted 657
Radiofrequency ablation 512
Radiolucent pelvicalyceal system 862
Radionuclide scans 41
Radio-responsive mixed renal embryonal tumor 531
Radiotracer counts 917
Ramstedt pyloromyotomy 56
Ransley-Gundeti technique, modified 420
Rathke play, lateral folds of 96
Reconstructed urinary systems, management of 4
Rectal muscles 766f
Rectal prolapse 388
Rectal tube 813
Rectosigmoid, antimesenteric opening of 813f
Rectosigmoidoscopy 816
Rectourethral fistula 697
Rectouterine pouch 349
Rectus myocutaneous flap 787
Recurrent chordee, correction of 192f
Red blood cells 494
Redo bladder exstrophy 708
Redo cystoplasty 692
Redo hypospadias repair 179
complications and management 185
future advances and directions 185
indications and prerequisites for surgery 181
postoperative care and follow-up 185
preoperative and operative techniques 182
Redo operations 718
Redo pyeloplasty 472
Redo surgery, common indications for 710
Redo surgical repair 561
Regenerative tissue technology 694
Reinforced ileocecal valve 758
Reinsertion technique 636
Remis virtual reality trainer 87
Renal biopsy 41
Renal calculi, bilateral 876f
Renal cell carcinoma 531
Renal concentrating ability 39
Renal contusion 495
Renal corpus 455
Renal cysts 527
Renal damage 709
Renal decompensation 670
Renal deterioration 5
Renal development, abnormal 46
Renal disorders preauricular tags 41
Renal Doppler ultrasonography 525
Renal hilar control 496f
Renal hilum 496
Renal impairment, degree of 666
Renal lymphatic systems 460
Renal osteodystrophy 45
anastomosis 611
diameter, anterior-posterior 919
diminutive 484
dissection of 461
medial aspect of 481f
reduction 477
retraction of 468
ventrum of 460
Renal replacement therapy 45
Renal scan, functional 666
Renal segmental injuries 495
Renal surgery, percutaneous 857
Renal system 576
Renal tubular acidosis 44
Renal unit, contralateral 576
Renal vasculature 458
Renal vessels, level of 457f
Renin 40
Renorrhaphy 497
Renovascular disease 44
Replogle dual lumen tubes 52
Reproductive organs, evidence of 382
Reproductive systems 95
Reproductive tract, female 105
Residual distal ureteral stump 584
Residual maternal estrogen stimulation 369
Respiratory distress syndrome 852
Respiratory failure 19
Retract spleen superiorly 538
Retractor system 392
Retrograde intrarenal surgery 873
Retrograde ureteral catheter, insertion of 526
Retroperitoneal anatomy, didactic teaching of 859
Retroperitoneal drain 525
complications 852
for testicular cancer 845
indications for 843t
laparoscopic and robotic-assisted 850
management 852
postoperative care and follow-up 852
preoperative preparation 845
preparation for postchemotherapy 845
robotic-assisted 851
surgical approaches to 847
Retropubic techniques 684
Retzius space 702
Rhabdomyolysis 44
Rhabdosphincter 658
Rib cartilage, autologous 319
Rickham's initial description 770
Right renal artery aneurysm, angioembolization of 897f
Ring forceps 909
Riolan's arcade 726
Robin Hood's tissue apportionment 65
Robotic prostatic utricle cyst excision 342f
Robotic redo ureteral reimplantation 613
Robotic technique 759
Ropivacaine 263
Rose-bud stoma 755
Routine pain assessment 24
Ruiz repair 166
Rule-out outlet obstruction 425
S
Sacral promontory 782
Sacrocervical ligaments 399
Sacrococcygeal ligament 27
Sacroiliac joint 429f
Sacrospinous ligament 264f
Sacrum, lower border of 902
Safe surgery, critical elements of 86
Safeguard renal function 708
Salle stent traverses, distal tip of 469
Salter innominate osteotomy 432
Saphenous vein 51
Scaphoid megalourethra 821f
Scar
assessment 69
scale 69
excision and revisions 69
formation 67
prevention 68
revisions 690
surgical 67
tissue
density of 691
formation 651
Sciatic nerve 716
Sciatic notch, contents of 432
Scimitar sacrum 380
Scrotal dartos 202
Scrotal edema, idiopathic 306
Scrotal exploration 309
Scrotal flap phalloplasty 314
Scrotal wound breakdown 303
closure of 302
facilitates assisted fertilization techniques 826
ipsilateral 300f
partial bifid 227f
superior portion of 703
Seldinger technique 690
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 24
Selenium 48
Semen parameters, abnormal 331
Seminal colliculus 115
Sensory loss 366
Sensory nerve fibers, types of 659
Serous-lined extramural ureteral reimplantation 799
Serum prealbumin, measurement of 62
Serum tumor markers 846
Sevoflurane 34
Sex therapists, support of 186
Sexual activity 684
Sexual determination 12
Sexual dysfunction 188
Sexual health, long-term 279
Sexual identity 93
Sexual stimulation 350
Short epispadiatic penis 709f
Short-gut syndrome 19
Sickle shaped deficiency 380
Sigmoid
artery, highest 727
segment 404f
vaginoplasty 403
cystoplasty 728
mesocolon 727
neovagina 404f
vaginoplasty 403f
Sigmoidocystoplasty, disadvantages of 731
Silicone sheeting 61
Silk scaffolds 6
Silver sulfadiazine 66
Simulating stress, common methods of 79
Simulation
history of 86
immersive 88
industry 866
labs 860
present status of 864
program, efficacy of 79
role of 77
tasks 80
Single incision laparoscopic surgery 58
Single lumen catheters 639
Single Monti tube vaginoplasty, modified 403
Single photon emission computed tomography 916
Single shot intravenous pyelogram 495
Skeletal muscle cells 779
Skene's ducts open 350
Skin
adhesives, types of 58
chordee 318
cover, full-thickness 719
flaps 60
folds, vertical pair of 350
glue 68
require, types of 63
incision
abdominal 761
circumferential 57
lines of 357f
level stenosis 749
reattachment technique 210
sutures, interrupted 309
turgor
and perfusion, normal 42
reduced 42
wash 50
Skoog's series 311
Sling material 684
Sling techniques 681
Small business technology transfer grants 947
Small inguinal incision 703
Small intestinal submucosa 935
Smith-Peterson approach, portion of 432
Sober ureterostomy 619f
Sodium
bicarbonate 815
administration 45
exogenous 43
fractional excretion of 39
hypochlorite 66
loss 43
reabsorption 40
supplementation 43
Soft eyedropper 667
Soft tissues, binding of 433f
Solid epithelial cords 105
Somatosensory system 24
Spermatic collateral veins 333
Spermatic fascia, external 299
Spermatic immune privilege 100
Sphincteric deficiencies, congenital 681
Sphincteric incompetence, treatment of 683
Spinal defect 408
Spinal tumor resection 626
Spindle cell variant 779
Spine
congenital anomaly of 28
Spinothalamic tract, contralateral 24
Spiral fibers 658
Spleen 724
Splenocolic ligament 457
Spongiform erectile tissue 350
Spongioplasty 212
Spongiosal tissue 322f
Spongiosum hypoplasia 174
Spotted hyenas 352
Staghorn calculi 869
Staghorn stones 869
Standard Therapy in North America 542
Staphylococcus epidermidis 697
Stem cells 694
Sternocleidomastoid muscle 51
Sternotomy 540
Steroidogenic precursors 98
Still-healing surgical skin 654
Stimulates aldosterone secretion 40
Stimulates sodium absorption 40
Stomal incontinence 749
Stomal stricture 765
cultures 899
during manipulation, migration of 871
extraction, percutaneous 908
prevention of 910
risk for 905
impaction, long-standing 904
management of 910
manipulation bench 867f
migration 903
recurrent 512
treatment, intraoperative 485
Stranguria 779
Stromal tumors 832
Subclavian vein 51
Subcostal incision, anterior 461
Subtherapeutic concentrations 52
Subumbilical surgery 27
Sub-ureteric injection 622
Sudden infant death syndrome 19
Superficial dorsal vein 784
Superficial inguinal pouch 299
Superficial pin site infection 437
Superficial surgical site infection 852
Suprahilar dissection 853
Suprapubic fat pad 117
Suprarenal veins, right 460
Surgical reconstruction, renal anatomy for 455
Surgical repair, proximal hypospadias elements of 143
Surgical site infection 131
Surrogates articulate 9
Sympathetic trunks 727
Symptomatic hyponatremia, emergency treatment of 43
Syncytiotrophoblast 116
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion 43
Synthetic nonabsorbable suture material 76
Syphilis 281
Syringe technique 652
T
Tachycardia 42
Taenia coli 723
Taenia libera 723
Taenia mesocolica 723
Taenia omentalis 723
Taenzer examined 27
Tamponade effect 495
Tapered ileal catheterizable channel 741f
Tazobactam 815
Technetium 99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid 916
Technetium 99m-mercaptoacetyltriglycine 917
Tegaderm 52
Telangiectatic scar 70
Telescopic metal dilators 886f
Tensile strength 76
Testicle, solitary 836
Testicular appendage 307
Testicular dysgenesis 842
Testicular fixation 309
Testicular loss 303
Testicular lump 842
Testicular neoplasia in intra-abdominal testes, risk of 826
Testicular pathology, causes of 330
Testicular prosthesis 835
Testicular tissues 117
Testicular torsion 309
diagnosis 306
epidemiology 305
imaging 307
operative treatment 307
surgery for 305
with testis 305f
Testicular tumors 832
complications and management 837
future advances and directions 838
indications and prerequisites for surgery 833
operative techniques 833
postoperative care and follow-up 837
radical surgery for 832
Testis 310
atrophied 309
descent 101
migration 104f
mobilization of 300f
normal alignment of 302f
pampiniform plexus of 330f
placed 302f
spermatogonia in 98
torsion of 305
tumors metastasize 842
Thecal cells 101
Thermogenesis, nonshivering 18
Thoracic deformities 822
Thoracic vena cava 534
Thoracoabdominal incision 537
Three-quarters supraumbilical incision 57
Thrombocytosis 44
Thromboprophylaxis, perioperative venous 731
Thromboxanes 26
Thumb deformities 380
Tibia, proximal 51
Tissue
handling 68
injury 60
ischemia during blood drawing 44
mobilization, local 708
necrosis, risk of 686
submucosal 235
transfer 60
vascularity preservation 425
Toldt's line 480
Topical steroid cream, course of 287
Total bladder substitution, indications for 800
Townes-Brocks syndrome 96
Trace elements 47
Tracheitis 19
Tract dilatation 886
Tramadol 395
Transabdominal access 686
Transient urinary retention 561
Transitional epithelium, fibrous membranes of 115
Transmesenteric laparoscopic pyeloplasty, primary 482
Transperitoneal approach, right renal 461
Transplant ureter reimplantation 589
complications 592
intraoperative preparation 590
postoperative follow-up 592
preoperative evaluation 589
surgical techniques 590
complications and management 586
future advances and directions 587
indications 584
operative techniques 585
postoperative care and follow-up 586
preoperative management 584
Transurethral catheterization 338
Transurethral deroofing 338
Transurethral endoscopy, advanced 83
Transurethral incision 576
Transvaginal techniques 684
Transvesical excision 338
Traumatic renal artery thrombosis 497
Tricyclic antidepressants 24
Triglycerides 48
Trisomy 21 96
Trophamine 47
Tuberosity, ischial 712
Tubular function 39
Tubularized urethral strip 5
Tuck penoplasty 159
Tuffier's observation 4
Tummy bug 653
Tumor 730
bearing testis, treatment for 842
benign 837
metachronous 543
synchronous 543
cells 534
estrogen-secreting 449
high-risk 536
invades
scrotum 846
spermatic cord 846
low-risk 536
low-stage 534
lysis syndrome 44
markers 842
paratesticular 832
relapse 542
residual 534
unfavorable 533
unresectable 541
Turner's syndrome 117
T-waves, peaking of 45
U
Ulaanbaatar procedure 147f
Ulcerative colitis 754
Umbilical ring 57
Umbilical scar 763f
Umbilical vesicle 96f
Umbilicus 115
Unrepaired cloacal exstrophy, anatomy of 768f
Upper abdominal viscera 723
Upper extremity neuromotor function 683
Upper pole
function of 580
pathology of 521
dissection of 529
division 525
vessel ligation 525
and division 525
Upper tract
deterioration, causes of 633
diversion 425
imaging 731
injury 636
risk for 633
obstruction 425
Upper ureteric stricture 500f
Urachal anomalies 925
Urachal cysts, variety of 113
Urachal diverticulum 821f
anatomy of 657
bilateral
ectopic 661
tailored 825f
chronic dilatation of 596
contralateral 564
derives 901
dilated tortuous 821f
ectopia 114
embryologic development of 563
end-to-end anastomosis of 622
medial aspect of 481f
mobilization of 607
part of 902
pediatric group 902
preoperative evaluation 921
refluxing 659
single 567
stents in 680f
stipulation 605
stones, common 904
formation 904
surgical anatomy of 901
transection of 468
Ureteral anatomy 657
Ureteral identification, bilateral 783f
Ureteral innervation 662
Ureteral replacement 605
Ureteral smooth muscle 658
Ureteral stenosis, treatment of 593
Ureteral stump excision 573
Ureteral techniques 590
Ureteral tunnel length 658
Ureteral urothelium 516f
Ureterectomy, upper moiety 576
Ureteric dissection, atraumatic 558f
Ureteric duplication 551
Ureteric JJ stent 513
Ureteric orifices 113
Ureteric remodeling 552f
Ureteric stay suture 513
Ureteric stent 815
Ureteric stones 901
contraindications 512
laparoscopic 516
materials 513
postoperative care 516
preoperative workup 512
prognosis 517
robotic 518t
absence of 923
associated moiety, dysplasia of 564
decompression of 576
detection of 564
diagnosis of 564
endoscopic
management of 578
puncture of 577
treatment of 566
excision 573
familial cases of 563
impression 565f
incision 576
complication 577
endoscopic 578
epidemiology 576
management 577
preoperative indication 576
preparation 576
surgical techniques 577
large 580
pediatric 574
puncture 576
elective 572
endoscopic 578f
single system 572
surgery, major complications of 572
typical intravesical 577f
upper pole obstructing 566f
Ureterolithotomy 904
common causes of 498
indications for surgery 477
congenital 498
future advances and directions 473
indications and prerequisites for surgery 464
operative technique 465
preoperative technique 465
right 918f
operative technique 477
preoperative considerations 477
radiologic progression of 477
right 467f
transection of 469f
Ureteropelvic obstruction, intrinsic 457
Ureteropyelogram, retrograde 500f
Ureterorenoscopy 873
complications 619
history 616
indications 617
lateral 669
low 617
permanent cutaneous 616
proximal 617
surgical techniques 617
Ureteroureteral anastomosis 580
anastomosis, posterior wall of 583f
common indications for 580
indications 580
ipsilateral 569
operative technique 581
preoperative management 581
anterior urethral valve 929
bulb of 713
bulbous 124
congenital short 153
continuation of 374f
ends of 232
exposing 785
glanular 114
hair-bearing 188
initial closure of 411
mechanical reinforcement of 175
muscle of 658
open proximal 255f
orthotopic 245f
pendulous 124
plate 190
urethral valve 928
posterolateral direction of 350
prolapse of 576
prostatic 124
reconstruction 257f
sensate 737
tubularization of 277f
ventral
aspect of 685
transposition of 263
Urethral access, endoscopic 907f
Urethral anastomosis 792f
Urethral anomalies 282
Urethral cells, autologous 6
Urethral channels 241
Urethral complications 328
Urethral construction 188
Urethral defect 233
Urethral diverticulectomy 194f
classification of 174t
congenital and acquired, repair of 174
epidemiology 174
indications and prerequisites for surgery 175
management of 175t
Urethral division 159
Urethral hypermobility 683
Urethral length 672
Urethral obstruction, posterior 640f
Urethral opening derives 105
Urethral polyp arises 449
Urethral prolapse 449
complications 452
demographics 448
differential diagnosis 449
incidence 448
management 450
pathology 448
surgery 448
symptoms and signs 448
Urethral roof 115
Urethral stenosis 265
Urethral tethering 153
Urethral transection 157f
Urethral valve
Urethral violation, avoidance of 322
Urinary ascites 369
Urinary channel 766f
Urinary complications 773
Urinary disorders, correction of 3
Urinary drainage 516
Urinary leak 669
Urinary pH 874
Urinary reconstruction 767
Urinary sepsis 824
abnormality 820f
spectrum of 818
assessment of 666
clinical embryology of 93
dilatation, severe 617
dilation 464
classification 919t
progressive 644f
duplication of 111
dysfunction, neurogenic lower 683
imaging of 915
infection 131, 281, 339, 354, 369, 408, 445, 449, 450, 464, 549, 555, 576, 597, 599, 615, 645, 650, 651, 665, 690, 693, 729, 738, 773, 793, 819, 869
febrile 425
prevention of 654
monitoring, continuous 829
normal 39
obstruction 41
future of 518
major lower 28
savior of 580
sealant 518
ultrasonography 550
Urine
accumulation 370
macroscopic 41
microscopic 41
catheter 653
collection bag 616f
drainage of 618
dribbling of 439
ejaculation 815
flow 197
high-pressure storage of 633
intra-abdominal 3
leakage 485
persists 647
retention of 439
routine and culture 513
specific gravity 42
Urinoma, postoperative 527
technique 385f
Urogenital ridge, caudal end of 110
Urogenital septum 113
anomalies 391
endoscopy of 355
high-lying 351
persistent 366
incidence of 369
indications and prerequisites for surgery 370
operative techniques 370
postoperative complications and management 375
surgical techniques for management of 370
Urogenital structures, radical mobilization of 263
Urography, intravenous 875
Urologic operations 56
Urologic procedures 27
Urological surgery 657
Urorectal septum 379
Urothelial cancers, adult 782
Urothelial carcinoma 774
Urothelium 567
V
Vacterl anomalies 223
Vacterl syndrome 380
Vacuum-assisted closure 65
wall of 353
arterial supply of 349
back wall of 360
caudal third of 399
characteristics of 381
development of 107f
embryologic development of 399
hydrodistention of 370
lateral wall of 353
nerve supply of 399
upper 116
urine pooling in 445
vestibule of 350
Vaginal anatomy 399
Vaginal augmentation 406
Vaginal bleeding 396
Vaginal border, posterior 375f
Vaginal delivery 87f
Vaginal dilatation 395
Vaginal duplication 770
Vaginal foreign body 449
Vaginal function 399
Vaginal infections 439
Vaginal lubrication 399
Vaginal orifice 384
Vaginal plate forming, inferior portion of 109
Vaginal polyp 449
Vaginal reconstruction 787
Vaginal secretions 439
Vaginal septa 109
Vaginal stenosis 391
Vaginal stent, placement of 394
Vaginal switch procedure 402
cut-back 359
graft for 390
history of 390
principles 359
pull-through 360
sinus, pull-through 364f
techniques, options of 392
timing of 366
with buccal mucosa 390
complication and management 396
epidemiology 390
postoperative follow-up 394
preoperative indications 391
preparations 391
surgical technique 392
with intestinal segments 399
with perineal skin flap 371
Vaginoscopy 395
Valsalva leak 683
Valsalva maneuver 291
Vancomycin 52
Vancouver scar scale 69
Varicocele 330f
complications 334
etiology 330
future advances and directions 336
idiopathic 330
indications for surgery 331
ligation 330
pathophysiology 330
prevalence of 330
related testicular hypotrophy 330
treatment of 331
Vasal injury 566
Vascular clamp, atraumatic 513
Vascular disease, peripheral 67
Vascular forceps 74
Vascular malformation 449
Vascular thrombus, removal of 539f
Vasoactive drugs, pulmonary 19
Vasoconstriction, pulmonary 19
Vena cava 534
Venous tissue plexus 350
Ventral buccal mucosa graft 184f
Ventral cloacal membrane thickens 96
Ventral meatotomy 236
Ventral nerve sparing clitoroplasty 356f
Ventral onlay urethroplasty 234f
Ventral prepuce, deficiency of 288
Ventral skin 318
Ventral urogenital sinus 379
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt 731
Verapamil 69
Vertical iliac osteotomies 268
Vertical incisions 54
Vertical osteotomy 432
Vertical rectus abdominis flap 64
Vertical ureterotomy 902
Vesical catheter 636
Vesical fistula 697
remporary 668
indications 620
long-term 670
modifications of 670
newer modifications of 670
placement 686
stoma 667
surgical techniques 620
Vesicoureteral obstruction 563
Vesicoureteral reflux 111, 114, 458, 525, 563, 565f, 573, 576, 589, 599, 638, 657, 665, 683, 773, 818, 819, 821f, 921
absence of 671
bilateral 923f
contralateral 580
current management of 555
high-grade 646f
incidence of 555
left 634f
presence of 671
unilateral 928
Vesicoureteric reflux, bilateral high-grade 615
Vesicourethral junction 784
Vestibular bulbs 350
Vestigial organ 754
Vicryl sutures 745
Villi 728
Vincristine 537
Visiport visual trocar 523
Visual analog scale 24
Voiding
cystourethrogram 243, 449, 550, 556f, 565f, 577f, 580, 589, 602, 605, 612, 614, 627, 649, 665f, 666, 731, 823, 916, 922f, 924f, 927f, 929f
history dribbling 40
per urethra 679
urosonography, contrast-enhanced 915
volitional 672
Vomiting 653
von Hippel-Lindau syndrome 531
V-plasties, multiple 168
V-skin flap 739
Vulva, scrotalization of 445
Vulvar swelling 116
VURD syndrom 928
W
classic 533
clinical presentations 531
cystic 535f
determinants of treatment strategy 536
diagnostic workup and imaging 532
differentiated cystic 534
distribution of 531t
extending into ureter 541f
genetic patterns 531
histopathology 533
incidence 531
low risk 534
nephrectomy 531
patterns of 532t
predisposition genes, familial 531
prognostic factors 534
risk-based management 535
specimen 540f
synchronous bilateral 533
syndromes, familial 532
Wilson's serrated scissors 75
Wingspread classification 96
Wolffian structures 342
Wolffian tumors 109
X
Xenografts 64
Xiphoid 801
Xiphopubic incision 828f
X-Y chromosomes 938
X-Y congenital penile absence 319