Sclerotherapy in Dermatology Sacchidanand S, Nagesh TS
INDEX
Note: Page numbers followed by f refer to figure and t refer to table.
A
Alcohol intoxication 55
Allergic reactions 86, 94
Ambulatory phlebectomy, technique of 116f
Ambulatory venous pressure 36
interpretation of 38t
Anaphylaxis 86
Ankle
flare 21
joint stiffness 26
perforators 8
venous flare 19
Arterial occlusive disease, advanced peripheral 65
Arteriovenous fistula 94
Artery hypertension, pulmonary 55
Aspiration 102, 104
Asthma, bronchial 65
Atrophie blanche 19, 24
Automated foaming device turbofoam 96
B
Bassi's perforator 9
Bedside tests 31
validation of 34
Bicuspid valves 5
Bleomycin 47, 56
Blood coagulum, manual extraction of 95f
Blue veins 16
Body mass index 120
Brodie-Trendelenburg test 32
demonstration of 32f
interpretation of 33t
Bronchospasm 55
C
Cabrera's technique 75
Calf muscles 7
Calf perforators, lateral 9
Carbon dioxide 76
laser 104, 106
Cerebrovascular accidents 90
Chemical
irritants 54
phlebitis post-sclerotherapy 88
Chromated glycerin 47, 54, 60
Cockett's perforators 3
Compression
after sclerotherapy, types of 43
bandage 42
application of 44
elastic 42
elastocrepe for 66
hosiery 42
therapy 41
types of 42
Compressive therapy, mechanism of action of 41
Computed tomography 34, 38
Concertina method 111
Contact dermatitis 22, 98
allergic 86
Corona phlebectatica paraplantaris 21
Cough impulse test 31
Cramps 19
Cryosurgery 102, 104
Cystic
hygroma 105
lesions 100
Cysts
epidermoid 100
ganglion 48
mucous 101, 102
oral mucous 100
D
Deep plantar arch 6
Deep vein thrombosis 64, 91
history of 65
Dermatitis 64
Detergent sclerosant 77
Diathesis, allergic 65
Disrupt vein cellular membrane 47
Distended varicose veins, persistence of 34
Dodd's and Hunterian perforators 9
Doppler ultrasonography 35, 37f, 38
Doppler ultrasound machine 36f
Dorsalis pedis 6
Duplex ultrasonography 35
E
Eczema 22
acute 23f
chronic 23f
Edema 20, 30, 87, 94
Embolia cutis medicamentosa 93
Embolism, pulmonary 91, 92
Endosclerosis 46
Endothelial
activation 17
cell 46
damage 46
Endothelium, direct caustic destruction of 47
Epinephrine 95f
Erysipelas 24
Ethanol 47, 55
deep penetration 55
Ethanolamine oleate 47, 50, 60
Excision 104
Extracellular matrix 17f
degradation 17
F
Fascia lata 31f
Fascial compartments of leg, superficial 1f
Fegan's technique 68, 69
Femoral vein 2
Femur, adductor tubercle of 2
Fibrin cuff theory 25
Fixed plantar flexion 27
Foam
preparation 78f
methods of 75
sclerotherapy 44, 75, 82, 86, 89, 119
advantages of 82
peroperative 75
stability 76
types of 77
Foot
perforators 8, 9
veins of 2f
Fossa ovalis 31f
G
Gallbladder ablation 48
Gastrointestinal bleeding, upper 48
Glycerin 58, 95f
Graduated compression stockings 43
H
Hemangiomas 100
Hematoma 111
Hemoglobinuria 55, 94
Hemorrhage 21
Hyperpigmentation 15, 96
post-sclerotherapy 90f, 96
Hypersensitivity reactions 86
Hyperthermia 55
Hyperthyroidism 65
Hypertonic
saline 51, 53, 58, 71, 86
sodium chloride solution 47, 59
Hypoallergenic tape 66
I
Ideal compression system, properties of 41
Infection 93, 97
Ischemic attack, transient 90
Itching 19
K
Kaposi sarcoma 48
Keller method 111
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome 16
Knee perforators 8
L
Laplace's law 77
Laser
ablation 102
treatment 119
Leg
edema 65
perforator 8
ulcers, proximity of 86
Leonardo's vein 2
Lidocaine 58, 95f
Linear bullae from tape 88f
Linton procedure 111, 115
Lipodermatosclerosis 15, 19, 23, 24f, 27, 30f
Liquid sclerotherapy 44, 86, 89
Lobular capillary hemangioma 106
Lower leg, ulceration of 26
Lower limb
deep veins of 6f
major perforator veins of 10f
perforators of 14f
pigmentation of 22f
Lymphangioma 100, 104
cavernous 105
circumscriptum 104, 105, 107f
Lymphedema 27, 87, 94
Lymphoceles 48
M
Magnetic resonance imaging 34, 39, 105
Matrix metalloproteinases 17
Medial calf perforators 9
Metalloproteinase, tissue inhibitor of 17f
Micro-marsupialization technique 102
Microsclerotherapy 71
Micro-stab avulsion phlebectomy 116
Microvascular valves 10
Migraine 65, 90
Minimal invasive methods 118
Minocycline 89
Montreux technique 76, 77
Mucocele 102f, 103f
Multi-layer bandaging systems 42
Muscle cramps 30
N
Necrosis 92, 97
Neovascularization 89f
Nerve-3 impairment 55
injury 90
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 96
O
Ok 432 47, 56
Oliguria, transient 94
Oral lesions, percutaneous ablation of 48
Oral ranulas, treatment of 102
Orbach's air block 77
Osmotic solutions 51
P
Pain 30, 27, 64
Paresthesia 19
Patent foramen ovale 90
Pelvic
origin, varicose veins of 86
vascular lesion 39f
Percussion test 31
Perforating veins, incompetent 64, 86
Perforators
ligation 115, 115f
nomenclature 8t
old and new terminologies of 14t
paratibial 9
thigh 8, 9
Periostitis 27
Peripheral arterial occlusive disease 65
Peripheral calf muscle pump 7f
Perthes test 33, 34
demonstration of 33f
interpretation of 34t
modified 33
Phlebectomy 116
ambulatory 116
Phlebitis, superficial 19
Pigmentation 22, 89, 94
post-sclerotherapy 89
Plethysmography 38
Polidocanol 47, 49, 58, 59, 68, 75, 85, 87f, 88f, 101
Polyethylene-oxide chain 49
Polyiodinated iodine 47, 55, 60
Pressure erythema 22
Protein theft denaturation 47
Pruritus 30
Pubic tubercle 31f, 113f
Pyogenic granuloma 100, 106, 108f
Q
Q-switched laser 96
R
Radiofrequency
ablation 120
thermal energy 120
Ranula 101, 102, 103f
Restless legs 19
Reticular veins 15, 16, 21f, 58, 69
Rindfleisch-Friedel procedure 111
S
Salivary gland 101
Saphenofemoral junction 2, 3, 4f, 93, 111
incompetence 65, 114f
Saphenofemoral ligation 112
Saphenopopliteal junction 4, 5f, 93, 114
ligation 114
Saphenous nerve 10
Saphenous stripping
lesser 114
long 112
Saphenous vein
greater 2, 3f, 13, 31, 31f, 64, 111
incompetent 64, 86
inversion stripping of 114f
lesser 31, 64
short 13
small 2, 4, 5f, 91, 114
superficial 87
Scarring 15
Sclerosant 46, 65
concentration of 67, 68t
Sclerosing agents 47t, 58, 58t-60t, 78
Sclerosing solutions 46, 65, 66
Sclerotherapy 41, 43, 63-65, 69, 71, 71f, 73, 80, 85, 100, 102, 104, 105f, 106, 107, 108f, 119
complications of 85
contraindications of 86t
indications of 64, 86t
mechanism of 63
objectives of 63
over surgical procedures 108
procedure 100
purpose of 46
techniques 68
tray 67f
Sebaceous cyst 100, 101f
Sigg's technique 68, 69
Skin
irritation 30, 87, 97
necrosis 55, 93f
pigmentation 30
Smooth muscle
apoptosis dysregulation 17
cell 17, 17f
Sodium
chloride solution with dextrose 47, 58, 60
morrhuate 47, 50, 59
sotradecol solution 119
tetradecyl sulfate 47, 48, 58, 59, 68, 69, 85, 101, 103f
Spider veins 16, 86
Standard varicose vein surgery, complications of 118
Static stiffness index 42
Steatocystoma multiplex 104, 104f
Stroke 90
Subdermic venous system, lateral 13
Superficial
compartment of venous system of leg, anatomy of 13f
fascia, layer of 113f
vein thrombosis, acute 64
Sural nerve 10
Swelling 19
Systemic disease, severe 65
T
Tap test 31
Telangiectasia 15, 16, 20, 58, 71, 86, 95f
microsclerotherapy of 71
Tessari method 75, 76f
Thrombophilia 65
Thrombophlebitis, superficial 21, 87
Thrombosis, superficial 91
Thrombus formation 92f
Tissue plasminogen activator 25
Topical nitroglycerine ointment 66
Total endothelial destruction 47
Transilluminated powered phlebectomy 116, 117
Trendelenburg test 34
modified 32
Tumors, hemorrhagic 48
U
Ulcer 15, 24, 27, 30
healing 30f
varicose 23f, 27f
Ultrasound guided sclerotherapy 72, 72f, 85
techniques of 72
Urticaria 86
post-injection 87f
V
Valsalva maneuvers 98
Valves 5
dysfunction 16
Variceal bleeding 48
Varices 16
Varicoceles 48
Varicose veins 15-17, 19, 20f, 30f, 34, 39f, 41, 57, 63, 64, 86
ablation of 64
complications of 64
emptying of 34
evaluation of 29
formation 17f
large 58
pathophysiology of 13
presentation 19t
recurrent 120
residual and recurrent 64, 86
reticular 64, 86
sclerotherapy, principles of 67
surgical treatment of 111
Vascular
fibrosis 64
malformation 48, 58
obliteration 64
Veins
diameter 80
examination of 36f
length 80
perforating 7, 8, 13
refluxing 86
superficial 1, 2, 5, 111
thread 16
X-ray of 35f
Venogram 35f
Venography 34, 35
Venous
anatomy 1
dilatation 16
diseases 13
disorders
chronic 64
of lower limb 1
eczema 19
hypertension 13
insufficiency 19
chronic 15, 16, 29, 38, 63
primary 15
symptoms suggestive of 29, 30
ligation, conservative 117
malformations 86
pathophysiology 15
physiology 15f
pressure 14, 42
reflux, superficial 114f
sinuses 7
system
of lower limbs 13, 14
superficial 72
varicosities, lateral 64
telangiectasia 19
thrombosis, superficial 24, 92
ulceration, mechanism of 25
ulcers 19, 22, 26, 63, 64
Venule 58
Venulectasia 16
Visual disturbances 90
W
White blood cell 25
White cell trapping theory 25
X
X-ray of veins 35f
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Chapter Notes

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