Diabetes Mellitus Issues for the Indian Women Sarita Bajaj
INDEX
ABCDEFGHIKLMNOPQRSTUVWY
Page numbers followed by f refer to figure, and t refer to table
A
Abdomen, lateral parts of 45
Abortion, spontaneous 124
Abscess, perinephric 88
Acanthosis nigricans 50
Acarbose 31
Acne, persistent 93
Acute coronary syndrome 73
Adenosine monophosphate 110
Alcohol 132
Amenorrhea, Secondary 116
American Diabetes Association 15, 38
American Society for Reproductive Medicine 93
Amitriptyline 169
Anemia 131, 132, 135
Anorexia nervosa 116
Antenatal corticosteroid therapy 29
Antidepressants 164
Antidiabetic drugs 25
Antimitogenic activity 112
Antithyroid drugs 112
Anxiety 167
disorders 170
Arizona sexual experience scale 162
Arousal
disorder 160, 164, 165
Arterial hypertension, systolic 72
Atrial fibrillation 74
Auscultation, cardiac 134
Autoimmune thyroid disorders 106
Auxiliary nurse midwife 131
B
Bacteriuria, asymptomatic 87–89
Barrier methods 124, 126
Binge eating disorder 116
Birth
control 127
weight 16
Blood
glucose, self-monitoring of 38, 185
pressure 73, 132
high 60
measurement 135
sugar, high 119
Body mass index 27, 93, 118, 132, 141, 144
Bone
abnormality, management of 103
fracture 99, 101
health 98
mineral density 67, 98, 99, 99t, 100t
studies 98
Breast cancer 148
prognosis of 154
Breastfeeding 138–142
behavior 139
initiation 138
prevalence 138
Bulimia nervosa 115, 116
Bupropion 169
Burning, chronic 14
C
Calcitriol 66
Canadian Diabetes Association 38
Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study 103
Cancer 148, 151–153, 153f
breast 153
colon 154
drug therapy of 155
endometrial 154
laryngeal 152
pancreatic 155
Candida albicans 90
Candida glabrata 90
Candida krusei 90
Carcinoma, endometrial 148
Cardiovascular
disease 57, 71, 75, 78, 147
sex-related 71
morbidity 25
mortality 25
syndromes 72t
Cervical caps 124
Chlamydia 133
Cholecystitis, emphysematous 88
Chronic poor metabolic control 38
Citalopram 169
Clitoral devices 164
Cognitive behavioral therapy 164, 172
Condom 124
female 124
male 124
Conjugated estrogens therapy 146
Contraception 123, 132
choices 124
emergency 124
Contraceptive
Methods
hormonal 124
nonhormonal 124
use 127t
Coronary
artery disease 53
heart disease 48f, 57, 73, 147
Cystitis, emphysematous 87, 88
D
Daily progestin oral contraceptive 124
Data of Latest National Family Health Survey 130t
Depomedroxyprogesterone acetate 125
Depression 167, 169
postpartum 17
Desire, disorder of 165
Desogestrel 126
Diabetes 1, 2f, 9, 15–17, 25, 10, 53, 57, 66, 72, 81, 82, 103, 104, 107, 108, 108f, 109t, 110, 111, 113, 127, 132, 138, 139, 144, 147, 148, 151–153, 153f, 158, 159f, 161f, 176–178
age- and gender-specific prevalence of 3f
attitudes 186
community lifestyle improvement program 22
complications of 145
control and complications trial 77, 81
drug therapy of 155
management 17, 29, 84, 103, 123, 176
mellitus 36, 14, 50, 74, 87–89, 98, 143, 167, 169, 170
gestational 2, 10, 16, 20, 29, 44, 51, 52, 58, 67, 68, 107, 110, 123, 127, 132, 135, 138, 184
type 1 5, 12, 20, 26, 36, 65, 90, 98, 99, 99t, 101, 101t, 106, 113, 115, 117f, 127, 139, 143, 152, 168, 177, 183
type 2 13, 19, 20, 25, 36, 44, 47, 50, 58, 66, 73, 77, 89, 92, 98, 100t, 101, 106, 113, 115, 118, 119, 123, 127, 138, 143, 158, 160, 177
microvascular complications of 103
neuropathy 83
pregestational 134
prevalence of 1f, 2
scale, appraisal of 163
self-management education 37, 38
Diabetic nephropathy, progression of 78
Diaphragms 124
Dizziness 7
Domestic violence 133
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry 98, 99t, 100t
Duloxetine 169
Dysglycemia 18
Dyslipidemia 53, 57, 58, 61, 72, 95, 120
clinical consequences of 59
management of 60
persisting 111
Dyspareunia 160, 164, 165
Dysthyroid optic neuropathy 108
E
Eating disorders 40, 115, 116, 117f, 118, 119, 119t
Edema 109
Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines 69
Endocrine Society Recommend Preconception Glycosylated Hemoglobin 15
End-stage renal disease 77
Enteroviruses 88
Epinephrine 25
Escherichia coli 90
Escitalopram 169
Esophageal candidiasis 88
Estradiol 106
Estrogens 49
deficiency 61
Ethinylestradiol 126
European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 93
F
Family planning 135
methods 130
natural 124
services, quality of 130
Fasting
blood sugar, lower 28
glucose 51
Female sexual functioning index 162
Ferriman-Gallaway score, modified 93
Fertility 26
awareness 124
Fetal
health outcomes 30
placental transport 30
Fluoxetine 169
Fluvoxamine 169
Folic acid 133
Follicle stimulating hormone 94
Follicular epithelium 111
Foot infection 88
Fournier's gangrene 88
Fracture 31
intervention trial 104
rate 101
risk assessment tool score 101
Framingham heart study 72
Fungal cystitis 88
G
Gastrointestinal
absorption 109, 112
infections 88
tract 89
Genital vibrators 164
Glomerular filtration rate 78
Gluconeogenesis 29, 107, 109
Glucose 146
6-phosphate, hepatocyte concentration of 107
control 66
faster absorption of 109
homeostasis 64, 64f, 144
metabolism 107
monitoring 38
reduced peripheral utilization of 109
tolerance test 109
transporter 107
Glyburide 30
placental transport of 30
Glycemia 27
control 29, 37, 103, 111, 169, 169t
Glycogenolysis 109
Goiter 108
Gonorrhea 133
Growth hormone 25, 40
H
H1N1 88
Heart 104
and estrogen-progestin replacement study 146
failure 72, 74
Helicobacter pylori infection 88
Hemoglobin
glycosylated 28, 37
high glycosylated 29
Hepatic dysfunction 29
Hepatitis 133
B 88
C 88
infection 87
virus 90
Hepatocyte 107
Hirsutism 50, 93
Hodgkin's lymphoma 152
Hormone
luteinizing 94
replacement therapy 59, 143, 147, 172
therapy, postmenopausal 145
Hospital anxiety and depression scale 163, 168
Hot flashes 6
Hydramnios 29
Hyperandrogenemia
biochemical 93
clinical 93
Hyperglycemia 36, 38, 108, 109
chronic 88
management of 85
severe 109
Hyperreflexia 135
Hypertension 53, 57, 58, 60, 61, 72, 95, 120
Hypertensive disorder 58
Hyperthyroidism 109
Hypoglycemia 5, 27, 30, 37, 87, 108, 109, 111, 140, 143, 186
drug induced 143
neonatal 30
recurrent 111
severe 120
Hyporeflexia 135
Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis 168
Hypothyroidism 108, 109
I
Infections 33, 87, 88, 133
congenital 133
head and neck 88
respiratory 88
Infectious diseases, spectrum of 88
Influenza 88
Insulin 109, 155
injection technique 44
like growth factor binding protein 40
neuritis 85
reducing requirement of 111
resistance 39
homeostatic model assessment measurements of 144
syndrome 61
sensitivity 29, 65, 144
technique questionnaire 44
therapy 28, 37
International Association for Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group Criteria 52
International Classification of Diseases 115
International Diabetes Federation 16, 19
Intestinal glucose absorption 29
Intramuscular implant 125
Intrauterine
devices 124, 125, 131
postpartum 131
growth retardation 29
system 125
Invasive external otitis 88
Iodothyronine deiodinase enzyme, type 2 111
Isocarboxazid 169
K
Kegel's exercises 164
Ketoacidosis 87
diabetic 4, 5, 36, 109, 120
Ketonuria 29
Kidney disease
chronic 78
diabetic 79
L
Lactate, overproduction of 107
Lactation 68
Leukocyte, polymorphonuclear 89
Levonorgestrel 125, 126
Levothyroxine replacement therapy 111
Lipid metabolism 147
Lipoprotein cholesterol
high density 58, 72
low-density 58, 72
Liver
cancer 155
infections 88
Long-acting progestin-only contraceptives methods 124
Lung auscultation 135
M
Macrosomia 29
Major histocompatibility complex 107
Medical nutrition therapy 29
Medroxyprogesterone acetate 146
Menopause 4, 6, 17, 72, 143–145, 148
metabolic effects of 144
Menstrual irregularities 50
Menstruation 15
Mental health 133
Metformin 29, 31, 51, 141
Mirtazapine 169
Monoamine oxidase inhibitor 169
Muscle glycogenolysis 109
Myocardial infarction 25, 58, 72, 73
N
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 66
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence 27, 28t
Necrotizing fasciitis 88
Nephropathy 14, 120, 127
diabetic 77, 109
Neuropathy 127
management 85
diabetic 81, 82, 84
peripheral 161
Noncommunicable diseases 22
Nonoral combination hormonal methods 124, 126
Norepinephrine 25
Norethindrone enanthate 125
Norgestimate 126
Nortriptyline 169
Nutrition 133
O
Obesity 47, 75
prepregnancy 139
reduction 22
Obstructive sleep apnea 95
Oligomenorrhea 116
Oral contraceptive
combined 124, 126
pills 164
use of 2, 59
Oral estrogen delivery 146
Oral glucose tolerance test 95, 140
Oral hypoglycemic
agents 109, 111, 141, 184
drugs 26, 29, 31
Orgasm, disorder of 164
Orthostasis 135
Osteoporosis, treatment of 104
Ovarian cancer 154
P
Pain, knife-like 14
Pallor 109
Palpitations 108
Paroxetine 169
Pelvic exercises 164
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 64
Pharmacologic therapy 165
Phenelzine 169
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors 164
Polycystic ovary
morphology 93
syndrome 2, 13, 26, 51, 92, 93, 95, 96, 107, 110
management of 96
metabolic effects of 94
Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome 107
Postmenopausal estrogen-progestin interventions 59, 144
Preeclampsia 16
Pregnancy 10, 16, 27, 68, 127
Premature death 120
Progesterone 106
Progestin only contraceptives 124
Progestogens 146
Proteinuria 78
Psychosexual therapy 164
Puberty 39, 50
Pyelonephritis, emphysematous 87
Q
Quantitative computed tomography 101
R
Relaxation therapy 164
Renal dysfunction 29
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 64, 65
Retinopathy 120, 127
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis 88
S
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors 172
Sertraline 169
Serum total testosterone 93
Sexual
desire, disorder of 160, 164
dysfunction 160
etiopathogenesis of 161f
female 17
health 7, 158
response cycle 159, 159f
Sexually transmitted infections 133, 136
Sick-euthyroid syndrome 108
Skin 88
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 85
Soft tissue infections 88
Spermicides 124
Streptococcus pneumoniae 88
Stress 2, 4, 134
oxidative 111
Stroke 147
Sweating 6, 108, 109
Sympathetic nervous system 168
Syphilis 133
T
Tachycardia 109
Testosterone 164
Tetracyclic antidepressants 169
Thiazolidinediones 103, 155
Thiazolidione 32
Thyoxine 106, 109
Thyroid 107, 113, 134
antibodies 111
cancer 11, 110, 112
diabetes 109
disorders 106, 111, 113
management of 111
prevalence of 108f
spectrum of 108
dysfunction 108, 109t
metformin-induced 112
gland 110
health 106
hormone 106, 107
metabolism 112
protein binding 112
nodule
development 108
size 112
peroxidase 113
physiology 108
receptors 112
stimulating hormone 110, 112, 113
level, metformin reduces 109
level, mild elevated 111
Transdermal
estrogen delivery 146
patch 126
Tranylcypromine 169
Tricyclic antidepressants 172
Triglycerides 72
Triiodothyronine 106, 109
Tuberculosis 88
U
United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study 84
United States Renal Data System 78
Unrecognized diabetic neuropathic syndrome 84
Urinary tract infection 14, 87–89
recurrent 14
V
Vaginal
delivery 142
dilatation 164, 165
ring 126
Venlafaxine 169
Vitamin D 63–67, 68t, 134
deficiency 63, 67, 111
correction of 69
management of 68
treatment of 69t
promotes pancreatic beta-cell function 64
receptor 63, 67
regulates calcium metabolism 63
role of 64f
supplementation 65–68
Vulval pain syndrome 14
Vulvodynia 14, 84
diabetic 14, 15
Vulvovaginal
candidiasis 90
infection 90
Vulvovaginitis 87
W
Waist-hip ratio 26
World health organization recommendations 136
Y
Yoga 164
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Chapter Notes

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