Recent Advances in Pediatrics—26: Hot Topics Suraj Gupte
INDEX
Page numbers followed by f refer to figure and t refer to table.
A
Abdominal wall defects 521
exomphalos 521
gastroschisis 523
Abnormal breathing pattern See extrapulmonary causes
Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) 306, 382, 393, 404, 409
Acid-base status 116
Acquired aplastic anemia 228241
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome 214
Acquired immune response 218
Activated clotting time 93
Activated partial thromboplastin 292
Activating system in brainstem 113
Activity 69
Acute bronchiolitis 466468, 473t
Acute chest syndrome See under syndromes
Acute CMV retinitis 351
Acute demyelinating diseases 115
Acute deterioration 315
Acute lower respiratory tract infection 467
Acute neuropathic progressive loss 138
Adaptive (acquired) response 220
humoral response 220
Adaptive immune response 218
Adenovirus 468
Adequate peri-conceptional 44
Adolescent aggression
policy making for combating 169
socioecological determinants of 168
types of 167
Adolescent, deficiency and disability 407
Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics 406
Adolescent Friendly Health Services 406
Adolescent
health under reproductive 404409
information and counseling on reproductive sexual health 407
nutrition 405
preventive health checkups 407
Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation Scheme 406
Adrenaline 288, 466, 477, 479
Adrenergic stimulation 99
Adverse events following immunization (AEFI) 366
Age and secular trend, obesity 8
Aggressive behavior 166169, 209
Aggressive children 166
components of parent management training 171t
Agranulocytosis 231, 234
Air leak syndrome See under syndromes
Airway abnormalities 469
Airway and respiratory support 314
check oxygenation 315
circulation 315
communication 315
feeds 315
problems with air transport 315
special considerations 315
surfactant therapy 314
Airway pressure 99
Airway resistance 99
Airways problems of 277
Akinetic mutism 112
Albendazole 406, 420421, 426, 429
contraindications 426
current status 426
dose 426
drug interaction 426
efficacy 426
MOA 426
precaution 426
Albumin 182
Alcoholic hepatitis, high gradient 159t
Alemtuzumab 228, 237, 240
Allopurinol 230
Alveolar capillary dysplasia 278
Alveolar pressure 99
Alzheimer's disease 23
Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia 230231, 246
American Academy of Pediatrics 33, 64, 68, 268, 324, 467
American College of Rheumatology 175, 185
American Diabetes Association 56
criteria for diagnosis of diabetes 56t
Amino acidopathies 115
Amniotic fluid 263, 271, 277279, 284, 516
Anabolic hormone 447
Analgesic and sedation 123
Anatomic sex 433
Androgen
action 441
biosynthesis 440
excess 436
synthesis or action 436
Androgenic steroids 238
Androgens 444
Anemia 127128, 132, 140142,150, 232
Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum 145
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 182
Animal prion diseases 207t
Aniridia 339f
Ankyloblepharon 326
Antelatal drug exposure 437
Antenatal
corticosteroids 271
counseling 283
dilated bowel 520
scans 272
steroids 275
steroids in late preterm 279
use of corticosteroids 275
Anti-antitrypsin deficiency 299
Antibody-dependent cellular toxicity 222
Anticholinergic drugs, botulinum toxin A injection 507
Anticipatory guidance 165
Anticoagulation of the circuit 93
Antigenic drift 223
Anti-HA antibody 218
Anti-infective measures 122
Anti-lymphocyte globulin 228, 238
Anti-müllerian hormone 434
Anti-NA antibody 218, 222
Antistreptolysin O (ASO) 182
Anti-thymocyte globulin 228, 238, 241
combined with cyclosporine 239
Antituberculous drugs 299
Antivirals, ribavirin for bronchiolitis 478
Anti-Xa activity 93
Apgar score 288
Aplastic anemia 228
drugs chemical agents and infections associated 230
epidemiology 229
etiology of 230t
grades of 234
investigations 233
moderate 234
pathophysiology 231
types of 229
Apnea 116, 471
Apneusis 116
Aromatase deficiency 436, 439
Arrhythmia 136
Arterial blood gas 83
Arteriovenous 88
Arthritis 174
Ascending reticular formation pathways 112f
Ascites 155
Ascites in older children 157
Ashkenazi-Jewish patients 139
Aspiration, pneumonia 486
Ataxia 138, 139
Ataxic breathing 116
Ataxic cerebral palsy 500, 501
Augment cardiac contractility 107
Autologus stem cell transplant 188
Autonomic nervous system 16
Autophagic vacuoles 137
Autosomal recessive 136, 138
Auxiliary nurse midwife 306
B
Barbiturates 294
Basic healthcare delivery 63
Basic life support 80
Behavior counselor 66
Behavioral
changes 55, 204
factors 64
risk factors 538
Benzene 230
Berberine 420
Bicarbonate 446
Bicytopenia 231
Bilateral
acute HSV retinitis 351
cryptophthalmos 325f
hemispheric lesion 113
hydronephrosis 529
Bile acid, binding resins 37
Biliary
ascites 159
atresia 299
communication 158
Biologic therapeutics, development for use in JIA 189t
Biological risk factors 538
Biopsy of liver 137
Bisphenol A 6
Bladder wall thickness 530
Bleeding, new born 291, 295
approach towards the diagnosis of 296
clinical approach towards 294
clinical manifestations 296
tendency 232
Blindness 148
Blood volume 92
Blood-brain-barrier 225
Bloodstream infections 79
Body mass index 1, 20, 33, 64
Bone marrow 138
aspiration and biopsy 233
failure syndrome, management of 235
problems encountered 237
standard treatment options 235
supportive care 235
transplantation 145, 228, 236
Bone pain and lytic lesions 141
Bony abnormalities 136
Bony lesions 140
Borderline personality disorder 473
Botulinum 507
Bowel atresia 521
Brain
CT scan 118
damage 138, 141
degeneration 138
Breastfeeding 68
Breastfeeding and drugs 261
Breathing 122
Breathing pattern 116f
Bridge 87
Bronchiolitis 466
classification 467
clinical presentation 471
definition 467
diagnosis 473
differential diagnosis 475
epidemiology 468
etiology 468
indications for hospitalization 473
management 475
chest physiotherapy 477
feeding and hydration 477
nasal aspiration 477
nebulized hypertonic saline solution 476
pharmacological therapy 477
supportive therapy 476
pathophysiology 469
pharmacological prophylaxis 480
predictors of severity 471
prevention 478
risk factors 469
treatment of 479
Bronchodilators 466
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 286
Bullying 165
C
Caesarean section 279
Calorie restriction 25
Candida retinitis 350
Cannulation 88
Capillary hemangiomas 256
Cardiac arrest 89
Cardiac defects 256
Cardiac diseases 104
Cardiac failure 159
Cardiac fossa 99
Cardiac involvement 136
Cardiac output 101
Cardiomegaly 136
Cardiometabolic risk 55
Cardiopulmonary interaction 97
effects of heart failure 105
effects of respiratory disease 105
important unknowns 107
mutual interaction in between ventricles 106
steps to limit or overcome detrimental 106
ventilatory effects on heart 99
volume-pressure-flow relationships 98
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 319
Cardiorespiratory fitness 25
Cardiovascular disease 14, 32, 533
Cardiovascular effects 105f
Cardiovascular, function of 104
Cardiovascular, status approach of 107
Care for all newborns 381
Cartilage hair hypoplasia 246, 257
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections 79
CD4 T lymphocytes 218
CD8 cytotoxic t lymphocytes 224
CD8 T cell response 223
Ceftriaxone 496
Celiac disease 57, 299
Cell activation 220
Cellular immunity 218
Cellular response 223
Central nervous system 113, 196
Central venous catheterization 79
Ceramide 134
Cerebral blood flow 126
Cerebral blood volume 125
Cerebral edema 446
Cerebral microdialysis 125
Cerebral palsy 500
care pathway for children 509
causes/risk factors 503
classification 501
comorbidities 504
diagnostic assessment 503
differential diagnosis 504
goals of care of children 505
management 505
Cerebral perfusion pressure 111, 126
Cerebrospinal fluid 196
Cerebrovascular accident 503
Cervical cancer prevention with pap smear 536
Cervical spine 185
Cherry red
macula 138
spots in retina 138
Cheyne-Stokes respiration 116
Child health 391
Child Survival and Safe Motherhood Program 405
Child with ascites 155
classification 158
clinical features 157
complications 157
diagnosis 158
etiology 156
imaging studies 159
pathophysiology 155
overflow theory 156
peripheral arterial vasodilation hypothesis 156
underfilling theory 156
therapeutic paracentesis 162
treatment 160
Childhood German measles 204
Childhood obesity, management of 63
approach 64
bariatric surgery 70
comprehensive multidisciplinary intervention 66
family involvement 67
future directions 71
goals for weight management 67
prevention plus 66
staged approach to weight 64
structured weight management 66
tertiary care intervention 66
Choanal atresia 277
Cholesterol esterification defect 139
Cholesterol-absorption inhibitors 37
Cholesteryl ester storage disease 150
Chromosomal anomalies 89
Chromosomal microarray analysis 444
Chronic CNS disorder 196
Chronic eye disease 185
Chronic lung disease 469
Chylous 157, 158
Ciliary dyskinesia 278
Circulating vaccine derived polioviruses 414
Circulation 122
Circulatory support 288
Cirrhosis 159
Cirrhotic ascites 155
Clean plate 69
Clearing of airways 285
Cloacal exstrophy 436
Clues from the time of onset 272
Cluster breathing 116
Clustering of risk factors 15
Coagulation disorders 291
Coarse facies 136
Cofactors 115
Cognitive behavior therapy 170
Collapsible tube 98f
Collection of arterial blood gas samples 79
Coloboma 339
left upper eyelid 327
Colonization 486
Colorectal cancer screening 536
Coma
anatomy 112
approach 114
depth of coma 114
examination 114
history 114
definition 111
epidemiology 114
etiology of 114, 115t
magnetic resonance imaging 121
management 116
pathophysiology 113
prognosis counseling 129
Common myths about vaccines 367
Communication 303
Communication and family support 317
Community aspect of
diphtheria and pertussis 369
HIB-induced diseases 374
measles 368
pneumococcal disease 372
polio vaccine 371
rubella 369
tetanus 369
Community-based interventions 397
Home-based Newborn Care 398
integrated management of 397
Mission Indradhanush 398
Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram 398
Village Health and Nutrition Day 397
Comorbidities 63
Compensatory mechanism 99
Complete blood count 116
Compliance 303
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia 433, 436, 439
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia 256
Congenital cataract 324
Congenital developmental abnormalities 350
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia 89, 278
Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia 246, 253, 254
diagnosis 254
management 255
pathophysiology 254
presentation and clinical features 254
Congenital glaucoma 324, 340f
Congenital globe anomalies 330
anophthalmos 330
microphthalmos 331
Congenital heart disease 469
Congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy 334, 335
Congenital lymphatic abnormality 157
Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction 331f
Congenital ptosis in left eye 327
Congenital pulmonary and airway malformation 278
Congenital retinal developmental abnormalities 356
Congenital rubella syndrome 204, 342f, 364, 369
Congenital thrombocytopenias 246
Conjunctiva 332
conjunctivitis of the newborn 332
subconjunctival hemorrhage 333
Conjunctival swab 332
Constant rebuke 169
Constrictive bronchiolitis 467
Continuous positive airway pressure 314
Contralateral ventricle 106f
Control glucose 121
Converted to dihydrotestosterone 435
Cord
care 312
clamps 312
Cornea 333
dermoid tumor 337
descemet membrane tears 334
sclerocornea 334
ulcer 335
Corneal clouding 138
Coronavirus 468
Corporal punishment 169
Correct valgus deformity 188
Corrected retic count, moderate aplastic anemia 234
Corrective splint 191
Cortical blindness 143
Coumarin 294
Cow's milk 68, 256
protein allergy 256
Creatine kinase 37
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease 196, 207
detection methods for the diagnosis of 211
diagnostic techniques 210
familial/genetic 209
iatrogenic 209
sporadic 208
variant 210
Crime 165, 167, 172
Critical care, pediatric intensive care 74
Cryotherapy 344
Cyberbullying 169
Cyclophosphamide 237, 240
Cyclosporine A 228, 241
Cyclosporine therapy 239
CYP17A1 deficiency 440
Cystic fibrosis 299
Cystic hygroma 513, 515
Cystoscopy and fulguration 531
Cytogenetics 234
Cytokine release 220
Cytokines role of 225
Cytomegalovirus 156
D
Daclizumab 228, 237, 239
Daily responsibilities of a transport team 319
Dandy Walker cyst 339
Danger signs, pregnancy 386
Dawson's disease 199
Dawson's encephalitis 199
Deadly quartet 14
Deafness 369
Death and BPD 277
Deep bleeding 295
Defibrillator 311
Deficiency enzyme sphingomyelinase 139
Delayed cord clamping 283
in infants 284
Delaying carbohydrate absorption 60
Delivery room
management 271
strategies 275
Dendritic cells 218, 223
Dendritic cells and influenza 226
Dengue shock syndrome See under syndromes
Depression 58, 60, 170, 208
Design of ambulance, neonatal transport 303, 309
Desmopressin 256, 297
Development of circulating vaccine derived polioviruses 414
Developmental hemostasis 293t
Diabetes autoantibodies 57
Diabetic ketoacidosis 446
clinical differential diagnosis 451
clinical manifestations 450
complications 459
cerebral edema 459
diagnostic criteria of cerebral edema 460
prevention 460
dehydration 449
diagnosis 450
euglycemic ketoacidosis 450
severity 450
discharge criteria 460
electrolyte imbalance 449
hyperglycemia 447
ketosis and acidosis 448
laboratory investigations 452
risk factors for 449
treatment 451
basal-bolus insulin regimens 456
bicarbonate therapy 458
emergency management 451
first hour fluid resuscitation 453
fluid and insulin 453
fluid replacement 453, 454
insulin administration 455
oral fluids 456
patient monitoring 452
phosphate and calcium replacement 458
potassium replacement 457
principles of management 451
rate of fluid administration 455
sodium and chloride replacement 457
subcutaneous insulin regimens 457
type of fluid 455
Diamond-Blackfan anemia 245, 246, 252
diagnosis 253
management 253
pathophysiology 253
presentation and clinical features 252
Diaphragmatic hernia 512, 515
definition 515
pitfalls in diagnosis 517
prognostic features of 517
sonography 516
Diarrhea 363, 369, 370, 372, 374
Diastolic heart failure 104
Diastolic ventricular interdependence 102
Diencephalic 117
Diet 7, 68
Diet monitoring 66
Dietary fiber 26
Dietary supplements 38
Dietician and exercise specialist 66
Diffuse axonal injury 115
Diffuse disruption 113
Dihydrotestosterone 433, 442
Dilated posterior urethra 529
Diphtheria 365
Dipyridamole 294
Direct ophthalmoscope 345f
Disorders of
sex differentiation 433
sexual development 433
transition 277
undefined glycoprotein 133
Disorganized families 169
Disseminated intravascular coagulation 300
diagnostic studies 300
management 300
Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy 291
Diuretic intractable ascites 162
Drug metabolizing enzymes 265
Drugs excretion in breast milk 268
Dutch hunger winter 6
Dyskeratosis congenita 246, 249
diagnosis 250
management 250
pathophysiology 250
presentation and clinical features 249
Dyskeratosis congenital 230
genes 250
Dyskinetic cerebral palsy 500, 501
Dyslipidemia 20, 25
Dyslipidemia and obesity 32
activity guidelines 35
drug therapy 36
guidelines for healthy diet 36
individual prevention 36
non-pharmacological therapies 38
screening and cut-off points 33
universal prevention 35
Dysostosis multiplex 136
E
Ecchymosis 232
Ectropion 328
Educating parents 67
Effective arterial blood volume 156
Electrical outlet 75
Electroencephalogram 121
Electrolyte and acid base imbalance 115
Electrolyte imbalance 446
Elevated blood pressure 15, 57
Elevated phosphatase 141
ELISA-based procedures 211
Eltrombopag 228, 237, 240
Emergency medical technician 308
Emergency X-rays and CT scan 80
Emotional problems 191
Encephalitis 196
End-expiratory pressure 91
Endogenous endophthalmitis 349
Endotracheal intubation 79
Energy balance 5
Enlarging pneumothorax 91
Ensure oxygenation 121
Entameba 157
Enteral and parenteral nutrition 78
Enterobacter species 496
Enthesitis-related arthritis 182
Entropion of right upper lid 328
Environmental prophylaxis 478
Enzymatic assay 137
Enzyme immunoassay 474
Enzyme replacement therapy 132
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 210
Epiblepharon 329f
Epitopes 224
Epstein-Barr virus 230
Equipment 303
Equipment, required for neonatal transport 311
Eradication of poliomyelitis 410
Erythroid transcription factor 254
Escherichia coli 496
Esophageal atresia 315
Esophageal tamponade tube insertion 79
Etanercept 185
European Association for the Study of the Liver 161t
European Respiratory Society 467
European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology 434
Eve-teasing 165
Exocrine pancreatic dysfunction 257
Exomphalos 512
Expert advisory group for polio eradication 413
Exterior stimuli 208
External eye examination 325
Extra positive pressure 101
Extracellular fluid 92
Extracorporeal life support 85
Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry 89
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 85
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit 86
and the main components 86f
cannulas 87
heat exchanger 87
in India 95
management issues 90
membrane lung 87
monitors and alarms 88
priming of the circuit 88
pump 87
specific indications 89
tubing 87
types of 88
Extrapulmonary causes 278
Eye examination 324
Eye examination during neonatal period 349
Eye paralysis 138
Eyelids
ankyloblepharon 326
capillary hemangioma 327
congenital ectropion 327
congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction 329
cryptophthalmos 325
dermoid 329
epiblepharon 329
lid coloboma 326
ptosis 326
F
Fabry's disease 132, 136, 145
clinical manifestations 145
current diagnostic approach 146
treatment 146
Facial dysmorphisms 256
Facility-based interventions
Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram 394
Janani Suraksha Yojana 393
Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram 394
Nutrition Rehabilitation Center 396
Pustikar Diwas 395
skilled birth attendant training 395
Facility-based newborn care operational guide-2011 397
Fallopian tubes 435
Fallot patient 473
Familial aplastic anemias 230
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy 349
Family dynamics 9
Family support 303
Fanconi's anemia 230, 245, 246
diagnosis 249
management 249
pathophysiology 248
presentation and clinical features 248
Farber's disease 136, 146
clinical manifestations 146
xanthomas 146
Fatal familial insomnia 213
Fat-filled macrophages 33
Fatigue due to anemia 141
Fatty liver of pregnancy 159
Feeding difficulties 138
Female sex of rearing 444
Ferritin 182
Fertilization as male 434
Fetal ascites 155
Fetal causes 156
Fetal intervention 514
Fetal origins 6
Fetomaternal platelet incompatibility presenting 297
Fetus 516
Fever 126
Fiber 38
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy 79
Fibrates 38
Fibrinogen 182
Fibula joints 256
Fingerprint lipid whorls 137
First order kinetics 261
Fixation of equipment 310
Fixed-wing aircraft 309
Fluid balance and renal management 92
Fluid resuscitation 97, 107
Fluid thrill 157
Fluid wave 157
Fluorescent in situ hybridization 442
Fluoxetine 268
Fluvoxamine 268
Foamy histiocytes 138
Forgotten killers 385
Frank-Starling curve 104f
Fruit juice 68
Fruits and vegetables 68
Fulminant hepatic failure 159
Functional residual capacity 101
Fundoscopy 349
Furazolidone 420, 429
Furosemide 230
Fusion of carpal bones 184f
G
Gangliosides
biomedical significance of break down of 136
break down of 136
synthesis of 135
Gangliosidosis 136, 146
clinical manifestations 147, 148
current diagnostic approach 148
Gas supplies 312
Gastric discomfort 60
Gastroesophageal reflux 475, 508
Gastrointestinal problems 508
Gastroschisis 512
Gaucher's cells 141
Gaucher's disease 132, 136
clinical manifestations 140
clinical manifestations 141
current diagnostic approach 142
pathophysiology 140
treatment 142
types 141
Gender 9
Genes 5
Genetic cause 207
Genetic testing 137
Genital examination main points 437
Genitogram 443
Genitourinary malformations 256
Genome-wide association studies 44
Genotypes 43
Genotyping 132
German measles 369
Gestation age 284
Giardiasis 420
acute giardiasis 422
antigiardial drugs
albendazole 426
furazolidone 425
mepacrine 423
metronidazole 423
ornidazole 425
paromomycin 426
secnidazole 424
tinidazole 424
causative agent 421
chronic giardiasis 422
comparative efficacy of antigiardial drugs 428
currently recommended drug regimens 429
diagnosis 421
drug therapy in refractory/recurrent 429
effective drugs 422
herbal therapy for 428
molecules under evaluation 430
novel agents 428
auranofin 428
formononetin 428
fumagillin 428
prevention 430
relatively new antigiardials
bacitracin 428
bacitracin zinc 428
nitazoxanide 427
resistant giardiasis 422
symptomatic giardiasis 422
Glasgow coma scale 111, 120t, 122
Glaucoma 339
primary congenital glaucoma 339
secondary glaucoma 340
Global action plan 533
for pneumonia and diarrhea 372
Global Every Newborn Action Plan 379
Global guidelines 533
Global Polio Eradication Initiative 411
Globoid cells 143
Glomerular filtration rate 264
Glossoptosis 277
Glucose homeostasis 111, 127
Glucose tolerance test 18
Glucosylceramide lipidosis 140
Glycosaminoglycans 137
Glycosphingolipids 134
biomedical significance of 135
breakdown of cerebrosides 135
cerebrosides 134
galactosphingolipids 135
gangliosides 135
uridine diphosphogalactose 135
Golgi apparatus 134
Gonadal
development 440
dysgenesis 436
Gonadotropin releasing hormone 442
Gonads 442
Graft vs host disease 237
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor 241
Gross motor function classification system 501
Group B Streptococcus infection 379
H
Haemophilus influenzae 416, 496
Half-life 261
Hand held Doppler 286
Head end two thumb technique 288
Head injury 78
Health interventions 391
Health system strengthening 391
Healthcare quality 80
Healthcare-associated pneumonias 486
Healthy eating 533
Healthy snacks 66
Hearing impairment 508
Heart failure 97
Heart rate assessment 286
Heart-lung cross talk 97
Heart-lung interaction 97, 103f
Heated humidified high flow nasal cannula 276
Helicopter, mode of transportation, 308, 309
advantages 309
disadvantages 309
Heliox 466
Hemagglutinin molecule 219
Hematopoietic growth factors 231, 236
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 229, 245
Hematuria 232
Hemodynamics 90
Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn 291
Hemostasis developmental
coagulation factors and fibrin clot formation 292
decreased thrombotic potential 292
increased thrombotic potential 292
platelets 292
Hemostatic mechanism
coagulation factors 292
hemostatic activity of platelets 292
vascular response 292
Hepatic coma 78
Hepatic disease 60
Hepatic progenitor cells 43
Hepatitis B immunization 536
Hepatosplenomegaly 136, 138
Herd immunity 363
Herd protection 363
Hereditary deficiency of clotting factors 295
laboratory studies 297
treatment 297
Hereditary erythroblastic multinuclearity 254
Hereditary retinal dystrophies 349, 350, 357
Heterozygosity 208
High altitude 316
High density lipoprotein 33
High dose corticosteroids 238
High flow nasal cannula 466
High pressure mechanical ventilation 89
High rates of unemployment 191
High-density lipoprotein 15, 46
Higher blood pressure 284
Higher degrees of obesity 68
Highly active antiretroviral therapy 203
Histocompatibility (HLA) antigens 218
Histocompatibility complex 226
Hoarseness 146
Home-based newborn care 382, 384
Honeymoon phase of T1D 58
Hospital-acquired pneumonia 486
Human chorionic gonadotropin 443
Human leukocyte antigen 241
Human prion diseases 207
Human resources 74
Humidified oxygen 466
Humoral immunity 218, 221
Hydronephrosis 512
Hydronephrosis pelviureteric junction obstruction 528
Hyperglycemia 60, 446
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state 56
Hyperinsulinism 7
Hyperorality 209
Hyperosmolar therapy 111, 123
Hypersensitivity to touch 138
Hypertonic limbs 139
Hypertonic saline 124
Hypertriglyceridemia 32, 185
Hyperventilation 111, 126
Hypocarbia 277
Hypofibrinogenemia 185
Hypoglycemia 115
Hypoglycemia 460
Hypokalemia 446, 460
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal 16
Hypothermia 128, 285
Hypothyroidism 57
Hypoxemic respiratory failure 78
Hypoxic insult 503
I
Immediate management in the emergency department 294
Immune mechanisms 225
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome 203
Immune response in influenza 219
Immune system 363
Immune system response 43
Immunization of travelers 417
Immunization on the community 362
Immunization schedules patient reminder system 365
Immunofluorescence 474
Immunoglobulin A 219
Immunology of influenza 218
Immunomodulation 237
newer immune suppressive agents 237
steroids 237
Immunosuppressive therapy 228, 229
Inactivated polio vaccine 410, 416
Inborn error of metabolism 115, 133
Incontinentia pigmenti 355
Increased intrathoracic pressure 99
Incubator position 310
India Expert Advisory Group Recommendations 414
detecting and responding to importations and outbreaks 415
maintaining immunity 414
OPV supplementary immunization schedule 414
quality of supplementary immunization activities 414
reducing risks of importation 515
response capacity 415
serological surveys to determine immunity levels 414
surveillance and laboratory 415
Infection and antibiotics 92
Infection control 74
Infections and antibiotics 236
Infectious diseases 362
Inflammatory markers 182
Influenza glycoproteins 222
Influenza virus 219, 224, 468
Influx of neutrophil granulocytes 220
Inhalation pneumonia 89
Inhaled nitric oxide 89, 316
Inherited bone marrow failure syndromes 245
types of 246
Inherited thrombocytopenia 256
Initial immune response 218
Innate immunity 218, 220
Insertion of peritoneal dialysis catheter 79
Insidious onset 204
Insulin 446
Insulin resistance 32, 55
Insulin resistance syndrome 14
Insulin-sensitizing 25
Integrated Child Development Scheme 396
Integrated Counseling and Testing Centres 407
Intellectual disability 136
Intensity modulated radiotherapy 344
Intercostal drain insertion 79
Interleukin-6 3
International Diabetes Fedration 2, 15
International Importation of Wild Poliovirus 414
International League of Associations for Rheumatology 174
International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation 283
International Obesity Task Force 64
Interpersonal and community factors 169
Interstitial emphysema 91
Interventions during antenatal period 379
Interventions in place for child health 393
Interventricular septum 101
Intestinal atresias 515
Intestinal obstruction 519
Intimal medial thickness 18, 33
Intraarterial chemotherapy 344
Intracranial 111
compliance curves 113f
hemorrhage 89, 115, 232
pressure management 123
pressure monitoring 124
Intraocular infections 350
endogenous endophthalmitis 350
neonatal viral retinitis 351
Intraocular tumors 350
Intrathoracic pressure 97, 100
Intrauterine
environment 44
infections 293
Intravenous chemotherapy 344
Intraventricular hemorrhage 286
Intravitreal chemotherapy 344
In-utero transfer 304
Invasive pressure monitoring 311
Iris 338
aniridia 339
coloboma 338
primary congenital glaucoma 339
Iron deficiency 406
Irreversible cardiopulmonary disease 89
Isolation area 76
J
Janani Sishu Suraksha Karyakram 383, 385
Janani Surakshya Yojana 383
Jaundice 128, 139, 150, 157, 241
Jaundice with potential need of exchange transfusion 305
Jet nebulizer 495
Jewish people 138
Joint contractures 146
Joint replacement surgery 142
Jugular bulb venous oximetry 125
Jugular venous pressure 452
Juvenile crime rate 165
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 174
classification 175
clinical manifestations 180
complications 185
cytokines and inflammatory mediators 178t
disease subtypes: specific pathogenesis 179t
features of different types 176t
management 182
pathogenesis 175
study highlights 187
treatment 185
Juvenile type-2 GM1 gangliosidosis 147
K
Karyotyping 442
Ketone bodies 448
Ketosis 446
Ketosis or ketoacidosis 56
Kidney transplantation 146
Kiel obesity prevention study 6
Klebsiella pneumoniae 496, 497
Krabbe disease 136
clinical manifestations 142
current diagnostic approach 143
differential diagnosis 143
pathophysiology 143
treatment 143
Kuru 212
Kyphoscoliosis 147
L
Lamblia giardia 420
Large capillary hemangioma 328
Large-volume paracentesis 162
Laryngeal
cleft 277
palsy 277
webs 277
Laryngomalacia 277
Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society 434
Learning problems 138
Left ventricular
afterload effects on 103
preload effect on 101
systolic heart failure 104
Legionella pneumophila 497
Lens 341
Lens congenital cataract 341
Lens systemic associations 342
Less intraventricular hemorrhage 284
Less invasive modes of surfactant administration 276
Leukocoria 344f
Leukocyte filters 236
Levofloxacin 496
Leydig cells 434
LH receptor defect 441
Liability 319
Life threatening bone marrow failure disorder 228
Lifestyle diseases 533
burden 534
cutting down on unhealthy alcohol consumption 537
encourage physical activity 537
encouraging healthy eating 537
provision of affordable health care 537
reduction in tobacco use 537
Lifestyle modifications 55
Line sepsis 92
Lipid and lipoprotein distributions 34t
Lipid phosphatase related protein type 4 44
Lipid profile 60
Lipid storage diseases 132
Lipid storage disorders 132, 133, 151, 354
Lipid storage products 133
Lipidosis 132
Liver enzymes 58, 60
Liver transplantation 162
Locked in syndrome 112
Lorazepam 268
Loss of
coordination 139
muscle tone 138
Low density lipoprotein 18, 32
Lowe's syndrome 343f
Lower energy density 63, 69
Lower intracranial pressure 121
Low-osmolarity 385
Lumbar puncture 79, 118
Lung to head ratio 517
Lupus cerebritis 115
LV end diastolic volume 104
Lymphoid organs 224
Lymphoid-specific phosphatase 177
Lysis of infected cells 222
Lysosomal disorders 132
M
Macrocytosis 233
Macroglossia 136
Macrophage activation syndrome 185
Macrophage inflammatory protein 225
Macular cherry-red spot 136
Macular schisis 359f
Maedi virus 205
Maintaining immunity 414
Maintaining the capacity of the polio network 417
Major cardiac malformation 89
Major histocompatibility complex 223
Malaria 78
Maldevelopment and congenital malformations 278
Male sex of rearing 444
Malignancy risk of 444
Malignant disease 158
Mannitol acts 124
Marrow cellularity 234
Mass lesions 115
Massive liver metastasis 159
Maternal
androgen excess 439
drug 294t
health 378
illness effects of 293
Meal structure 68
Mean arterial pressure 126
Measles 365
Measles vaccine 368
Meconium aspiration syndrome 285
Meconium ileus 515
Meconium stained amniotic fluid 279
Medication errors 261, 266
antidepressants and benzodiazepines during breastfeeding 268
steps for prevention of 267
Mefenamic acid 186
Meloxicam 186
Memory
CD8 T cells 218
impairment 204
T cells 224
Meningitis and encephalitis 115
Meningomyelocele 315
Menorrhagia 232
Menstrual hygiene scheme 407, 408
Mental
deterioration 204
retardation 369
Mepacrine 420
Metabolic acidosis 278, 446
Metabolic and systemic disorders 354
Metabolic syndrome 1, 13
associated conditions 22
definition 14
diagnosis 13
diagnosis of children and adolescents 19
in children 2t
management 23
diet 26
other modalities 27
pharmacotherapy 27
physical activity 25
weight regulation 26
pathophysiology 16
prevalence 16
Metabolically
healthy obese 71
unhealthy obese 71
Metachromatic leukodystrophy 136, 143
clinical manifestation 144
current diagnostic approach 145
pathophysiology 144
treatment 145
types 144
Metharbital 294
Methicillin-resistant aureus 497
Methsuximide 294
Metronidazole 420
Microaray analysis 433
Micrognathia 277
Microphthalmos left eye 332f
Microtia 338
Milk 68
Mineral dust airway disease 467
Minimally conscious state 112
Minimize negative swings in intrathoracic pressure 106
Minimize work of breathing 106
Mitochondrial disorders 504
Mitochondrial dysfunction 43
Mitochondrial pathway 246
Mixed cerebral palsy 500
Mixed gonadal dysgenesis 433, 441
Moans 120
Modes of transportation 303
Modus operandi of development of signs and symptoms 472t
Molecular analysis 137
Molecular analysis in DSD 444
Monitoring of compliance 319
Mortality and morbidity 538
Mortality before discharge 286
Mother and Child Tracking System 385
Motivational triad 5
Mucocutaneous bleeding 295
Mucopolysaccharidoses 133, 137
Mucosal bleeds 232
Müllerian and Wolffian tubes 434
Müllerian structures 442
Multipara cardiac monitor 311
Multiple-hit theory 43
Mumps 365
Murder 165
Mutation analysis 139
Mycophenolate mofetil 240
Myelodysplastic syndrome 252
Myelokathoxis 256
Myoclonus 149, 204
Myxedema 159
N
NAFLD See nonalcoholic steatohepatitis 42
Naïve B cells 221
Naproxen 186
Nasal secretions 468
Nasogastric tube insertion 79
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 4, 16
National Health Mission for Child Care 391
National Health Service 310
National Immunization Program 374
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke 150
National Iron Plus Initiative 406
National Rural Health Mission 383, 392
impact of 393
National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization 384
National Urban Health Mission 392
National Validation Day 410
Natural killer cells 220
Nebulized 479
Nebulized
hypertonic saline 466
steroids 478
Neglected disease 420
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia 297
clinical presentation 298
definition and diagnostic criteria 297
diagnostic methods 298
management 298
Neonatal and pediatric cardiac ECOM 90
Neonatal ascites 155, 156
Neonatal coats’ disease 352
Neonatal familial exudative vitreoretinopathy 352
Neonatal hepatitis 139
Neonatal intensive care unit 75, 261, 291
Neonatal intraocular tumors 353
choroidal hemangiomas 354
retinoblastoma 353
Neonatal mortality 378
Neonatal pharmacotherapy 261
Neonatal respiratory distress algorithmic approach 280f
Neonatal resuscitation 283
algorithm 284
programme 319
Neonatal retinal disorders 349
Neonatal transport system 303, 304
aims of a neonatal transport policy 305
components of 307
equipment required for neonatal transport 310
human resource 306
indications for neonatal transport 305
mode of transportation 308
organization of 306
principles of transport 312
types of neonatal transport 305
Neonatal trauma 354
Neonate exomphalos 523
Neonate with gestational age 89
Nephropathy 58
Nephrotic syndrome 159
Neuromuscular disorders 278
Neuropathic 138
Neutralizing antibodies 222
Neutropenia 232
Newborn care corners 397
Newborn deaths 364
Newborn stabilization units 396
Newborn's eyes 324
Newer immune suppressive agents 228
Niacin 38
Niemann-Pick disease 132, 134, 136, 138, 355
clinical features 138
clinical manifestations 139
types 138
type-1A (acute) 138
type-1A and 1S 139
type-1S (subacute) 139
type-2A (acute) 139
type-2A and 2S 140
type-2S (subacute) 139
Nissen fundoplication 508
Nitazoxanide 420, 429
Non-accidental trauma 349
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 20, 41, 57
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis 41
demographic risk factors 45
diagnosis 46
histological features of pediatric 42
pathogenesis and severe organ damage 42
prevalence of 42
risk factors and pathogenesis 43
treatment 48
Noncommunicable diseases
goal 534
monitoring indicators for global action plan for prevention of 538
objectives 535
risk factors 534
role of pediatricians 539
strategies to prevent childhood obesity 540
targets of WHO global action plan for prevention of 535
thrust areas of interventions and their impact 536
Noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure 105
Nonvigorous
baby 283, 285
infants 286
infants born 279
Normal intraocular pressure 334
Nosocomial pneumonia 486
Nutrition 44, 127
O
Obesity 1, 41
definition 1
epidemiology 3
factors 5
global burden 3
Indian scenario 4
pathophysiology of 2
prevention 9, 10t
Obstructed sleep disordered breathing 105
Obstructive sleep apnea 58
Obtundation 112
Occupational therapy 505
Ocular albinism 358
Oligohydramnios 272, 529
One fits all 15
Ophthalmia neonatorum 332
Ophthalmologic signs 136
Oral cancer screening 536
Oral polio vaccine 364
Organomegaly 139
Organum vasculosum laminae terminalis 225
Ornidazole 420, 429
Orthopedic surgery 507
Osmotic symptoms 56
Osteopenia 184
Ovarian development 434
Overweight and obesity in children 63
Ovotesticular 441
Oxidative stress 43
Oxygen outlets 75
Oxygen use in delivery room 286
Oxygen utilization 105
Oxygenation index 89
P
Palivizumab 466, 478
Palpable
bladder 530
gonads 437
lump 530
Pancreatic ascites 157, 159
Pancytopenia 245, 252
Paracentesis 155
Parainfluenza viruses 468
Paramyxoviridae family 468
Parenchymal injury 115
Parenteral infusion equipment 311
Paromomycin 420
Paroxetine 268
Paroxysmal neurological disorders 115
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria 230, 241
Partial androgen insensitivity 436
Patechiae 232
Pearson's syndrome 257
Pediatric advance life support 80
Pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit 486
Pediatric ascites 155
Pediatric critical care unit
ancillary services 76
ancillary staff 77
clean utility and soiled utility area 76
equipment 77
human resources 77
infection control practices 79
nursing requirements 77
other professionals 78
processes and clinical standards 78
protocols 78
quality assurance 80
room temperature 77
space for family support 77
support services 80
transport 80
Pediatric diabetes consortium 56
Pediatric intensive care unit 74
infrastructure 75
location 75
space requirements
communication room 76
doctors’ room 76
nursing station 76
Pediatric obesity 32
Pediatric respiratory ECMO 89
Pediatric weight management 63
Pelvis 442
Pelviureteric junction obstruction 512, 528
Penile length 435
Pentobarbital 127
Percutaneous tracheostomy 79
Pericardiocentesis 79
Perinatal and neonatal mortality
for reduction in common causes of 380t
Perinatal mortality 378
Perinatal risk factors 284
Periocular chemotherapy 344
Peripheral neuropathy 139
Peripheral tissues 32
Peripheral venous catheterization 79
Peritoneal
carcinomatosis 159
tuberculosis 159
Peritonitis 515
Persistent
air leaks 89
fetal vasculature 356
pulmonary hypertension of the newborn 89
Peters anomaly 335, 337f
Phallic length 437
Pharmacokinetics in the neonate
absorption 262
distribution 263
excretion 264
low birth weight babies 265
metabolism 264
principles 264
Phenylhydantoin 294
Phocomelia 256
Phosphatidyl choline 134
Phospholipase domain-containing protein-3 43
Phrenic nerve palsy 278
Physical activity 7, 533
Phytoceramide and dihydroceramide 133
Piroxicam 186
Placenta 516
Plaque radiotherapy 344
Platelet
dysfunctions 291
functional analysis 295
support and bleeding 236
Pleural collections 278
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines 373
Pneumonia 89, 363, 486
Pneumothorax 277
Polio-free status in India 414
Poliomyelitis 410
Polyarthritis 181
Polycystic ovarian syndrome 56
Polyhydramnios 272, 522
Polymerase chain reaction 474
Portable arterial blood gas 311
Portal hypertension 155
Portal vein thrombosis 159
Positive end expiratory pressure 101, 288
Positive pressure ventilation 99, 283, 287
Positron emission tomography 213
Posterior urethral valves 512, 529
follow-up 531
postnatal approach 530
Postprandial BG testing 60
Post-traumatic lung contusions 89
Power backup 312
Prader scoring 438
Preauricular appendage 338
Preconceptional period 533
Prediabetes in asymptomatic children 57t
Prematurity 271
Prenatal diagnosis 512
Prenatal dietary influences 6
Prenatal testing 138
Prevention of lifestyle diseases 533
Primary congenital glaucoma 334
Primidone 294
Prion diseases 205
etiology 206
presentation 206
Prion protein 197
Progesterone 128
Progressive anemia 233
Progressive deafness 148
Progressive multifocal leucoencephalitis 202
presentation 203
prognosis 203
treatment 203
Progressive rubella panencephalitis 196, 204
diagnosis 205
presentation 204
treatment 205
Progressive spasticity 204
Prolonged prothrombin time index 292
Pro-opiomelanocortin 3
Proteinase K 210
Proteus species 496
Prothrombin time 80
Pseudomonas aeruginosa 497
Psoriatic arthritis 181
Psychoeducation 170
Puberty 404
Public health system 391
Puddle sign 157
Pulmonary
air leak 91
arterial hypertension, pathophysiology of 102f
hypertension 469
hypoplasia 272, 278
lobar agenesis 278
vascular resistance 97, 100
Pulse oximetry 286, 466
Purpura 232
Q
Quality assurance 74
Quality attributes 81t
Quality of life 500
Quality of supplementary immunization activities 414
Quality parameters 81t
Quantitative enzyme assay 143, 150
Quantitative enzyme estimation 142
Quantity of fats 69
Quarterly Adolescent Health Day 408
Quarterly testing of A1C 60
Quinidine 294
Quinine 294
R
Radiographic absorptiometry 184
Ragging 165
Rape 165
Rapid antigen-detection tests 474
Rapid diagnostic test 116
Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram 383
Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakaram 169, 408
Reconstructive surgeries 507
Record keeping and liability 318
Red cell aplasia 231
Red flags 504
Red reflex test 324, 344, 349
Refractory ascitis 161
Refractory ICP 111, 127
Refractory seizures 78
Rehabilitation 190
Renal dysfunction 60
Reproductive and child health 383
Reproductive maternal newborn and child health 378, 379
Resides in ribonucleoprotein 246
Respiratory bronchiolitis 467
Respiratory disease 533
Respiratory distress, in newborn 271
clues from history 272
investigations 273
physical examination 272
Respiratory distress syndrome 271
in the preterm neonate 275
Respiratory problems 508
Respiratory support equipment 311
Respiratory support in delivery room 287
Respiratory syncytial virus 468
Response capacity 415
Responsibilities of referring institute 318
Resting splint 191
Restore acid base balance 123
Resuscitation 283
Reticular
activating system 113
dysgenesis 230
Retina 343
Retina retinoblastma 343
Retinal evaluation of newborns, recent advances 359
Retinal examination 60
Retinopathy of prematurity 286, 344
Retrognathia 277
Reversible lung disease 89
Rheumatoid factor 182
Rhinovirus 468
Ribosome biogenesis 245
Ribosomopathies 246
Rickettsial infection 230
Right ventricular
afterload 100
filling 99
RMNCH+A
approach 405
package of services for adolescents 405
Rotavirus
democratic 370
disease burden and vaccine efficacy and effect on Indian community 369
easily spreads 370
economic burden of disease in India 370
efficacy of 370
serious 369
Rubella 365
S
Sacrococcygeal teratoma 512, 515, 524
postnatal approach 525
problems inherent 525
Salivation 507
Salvage 507
Sandhoff disease 149
clinical manifestations 149
current diagnostic approach 150
treatment 150
Saturation kinetics 261
Scheie 335
Schwachman-Diamond syndrome 245
Sclerocornea 333, 334f
Sea-histiocytosis 140
Secnidazole 420
Sedation 91
Sedation interruption 78
Sedation protocol 78
Sedomide 294
Seed theory 232
clinical presentation 232
points in favor 232
Seizures 126, 196
Selective dorsal rhizotomy 507
Sepsis 89
Serological surveys to determine immunity levels 414
Serositis 159
Serratia marcescens 496
Sertraline 268
Serum creatinine 80
Serum-ascites albumin gradient 159
Severe aplastic anemia prognosis 241
Severe bronchiolitis 89
Severe congenital neutropenia 246, 255
diagnosis 255
management 256
pathophysiology 255
presentation and clinical features 255
Severe encephalopathy 89
Severity of bronchiolitis in infants 472t
Sex chromosome 436, 441
Sex determining region Y 434
Sex development
clinical evaluation of a child with genital ambiguity 437
etiology 436
investigations 441
medical management 444
Sexual differentiation 434
genetic sex 434
genital sex 434
gonadal sex 434
Sexual health 404
Shared care 241
Shwachman-Diamond syndrome 250
diagnosis 251
management 252
pathophysiology 251
presentation and clinical features 250
Sickle chest 89
Sine qua non 15
Sjogren disease 115
Skilled
attendance at birth 382
care at birth 380
Sleep 69
Sleep problems 506
Slow viral infections 196
pathogenesis of 199
Slow virus diseases in man and animals 197
Slurred speech 138
Social isolation 191
Socioeconomic status 8
Soil theory 231, 232
Sophisticated life support 74
Spastic cerebral palsy 500, 501
Spasticity 138, 196, 500
Special newborn care units 396
Speech and language therapy 506
Speed of vehicle 310
Sphingolipidosis 133
incidence 136
inheritence 136
Sphingolipids 133
Sphingomyelin
breakdown of
lipidosis 138
synthesis of 134
Splints/orthoses 506
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 155, 158, 160
Sporadic familial insomnia 213
Stabilization 518
Statins 37
Status asthmaticus 78, 89
Stem cells 231
Steroid 5-alpha-reductase-2 deficiency 441
Steroid supplementation 444
Steroids 127
Stimulating neuropeptide y synthesis 3
Stopping support for futility 94
Strategies and time of intervention 380
Strategies for polio eradication 411
enhanced surveillance 412
epidemiological situation 413
mass campaign 412
mopping-up 413
routine immunization 411
Streptococcus pneumoniae 373, 374, 496
Stress inoculation training model 170t
Stressed erythropoiesis 233
Stress-induced hyperglycemia management 78
Stroma 231
Strongyloid 157
Stupor 112
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis 196, 199
clinical staging of manifestations of 200t
diagnosis 201
diagnostic criteria of 202
pathogenesis 200
presentation 199
treatment 201
Subconjunctival hemorrhage 333f
Substantial radiation dose 183
Substrate
deficiency 115
reduction therapy 142
Suction equipment 311
Sugar-sweetened beverage 68
Sulfogalactosylceramide 135
Surface ambulance 308
Surgical fetal anomalies 512
disadvantages of early detection 514
importance of early detection 514
type of perinatal management defects 513
managed by elective termination of pregnancy 513
require exit procedure 513
requiring cesarean section delivery 513
requiring correction after term delivery 513
requiring induced preterm delivery 513
Surgical site infections 79
Sustainable development goals 391
Sustained lung inflation 276
Swallowing difficulties 138
Swelling of joints 140
Syndromes
acute chest 89
air leak 315
Bardet-biedl 3
Budd-Chiari 159
cardiometabolic 14
Carpenter's 3
Cat-eye 339
CHARGE 339
Cohen's 3
congenital rubella 342
Cushings 3
dengue shock 78
Down's 230, 343, 469
Dubowitz 230
Edward 339
Gillespie 339
Goldenhar 338, 339
Goltz 339
Hallerman–Streiff–francois 343
herniation 117t
Hurler-Scheie 335
Klinefelter 436
Lenz microphthalmos 339
Lesch–Nyhan 504
Lowe's 343
malformation 504
Maroteaux-Lamy 335
Meckel Gruber 339
meconium aspiration 89, 271, 277
metabolic 13
Pearson 246
Prader Willi 3
Prune-Belly 527
respiratory distress 89
Reye 115
Rubinstein-Taybi 339
Shwachman-Diamond 230, 246
Turner 436
Walker-Warburg 339
Synovectomy 188
Synthesis of
ceramide 134
sphingomyelin 134
sphingosine 134
Systemic lupus erythematosus 293
Systemic metabolic disorders 115
Systolic ventricular interdependence 102
T
Target drug concentration strategy 266f
Tay-Sachs disease
clinical manifestations 148, 149
current diagnostic approach 149
treatment 149
Teen aggression 165
Teen aggression
clinical management 170
application training 171
assessment 170
psychoeducation 171
skill acquisition 171
definition 166
determinants of adolescent aggression 167
developmental trajectory of aggression 166
Teen crime 165
Temperature 92
care in delivery room 285
maintenance 313
Temporary pacing 79
Temporomandibular joint 118f, 181
Temporomandibular joint contractures 508
Teratogenic 299
Testicular development 436
Testicular regression syndrome 440
Testosterone 433, 434, 442
Tests for coagulation factors 295
Thefts 165
Therapeutic
doses in newborns 265
caffeine 265
furosemide 265
heparin 265
indomethacin 265
phenytoin 265
theophylline 265
drug monitoring 266
hypothermia 288
Thermal support equipment 311
Thoracocentesis 79
Thrombocytopenia 232, 252, 291
absent radii 246
with absent radii 256
Thromboelastogram 93
Tinidazole 420, 429
Tocilizumab, neutrophlis 187
Toll-like receptor 225
TORCH infections 351
Toxic encephalopathy 503
Toxicology screen 121
Toxins 115
Tracheal stenosis 277
Tracheoesophageal fistula 277
Tracheomalacia 277
Transcranial Doppler studies 125
Transient tachypnea of the newborn 277
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt 155, 160, 162
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy 196, 197, 205
Transmural pressure 97
Transport team
during elective/emergency transfer 320
safety measures
adequate insurance coverage 307
money and credit/debit cards carried for emergencies 307
travel sickness tablets 306
warm clothing 306
Transpupillary thermotherapy 344
Trephine biopsy 234f
Trial off during
VV access 94
VA access 94
Trisomy 18 339
Tuberculosis screening 187
Tumor necrosis factor
alpha 3, 177
inhibitors 186
Type 1 diabetes 446
Type 2 diabetes 32, 55, 56
comorbidities 60
treatment 58
U
Ultrasound, diaphragmatic hernia 516f
Uncomplicated ascites 161
Unilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney 513
Unimmunized children 362
United States Department of Agriculture 69
Universal Immunization Program 374
Urea cycle defects 115
Ureteral 515
Urethra 531
Uridine diphosphogalactose 135
Urinary ascites 529
Urinary catheterization 79
Urine albumin 58
Urine test for stored material 138
Urological anomalies, hydronephrosis 526
Uveitis 174
V
Vaccination against HPV 536
Vaccination challenges in community 367
Vaccine derived polioviruses 413
Vaccines 362, 363, 367
for the community value of 364
Vaginal atresia 436
Valsalva maneuver 94
Vanishing testes syndrome 440
Vascular retinopathies 350, 352
Vascular rings 277
Vasopressor support 78
Vegetative state 112
Venacaval collapse 100f
Venoarterial 88
Veno-occlusive disease 159
Venous return curve 97
Venous return decreases 99
Venous saturation 90
Venous sinus thromboses 115
Venovenous 88
Ventilation 486
Ventilator management 91
Ventilator strategies 78
Ventilator-associated pneumonia 79, 486
common etiological organisms 493
definitions, healthcare-associated pneumonia 487
definitions, ventilator-associated pneumonia 487
management 494
prevention 494
treatment 494
inhaled antibiotics 494
intravenous antibiotics 494
multidrug-resistant 496
pathogenesis 487
preventive modalities 496
risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens 494
types of
definite 491
diagnostic characterization of 492
possible 491
probable 491
Ventricular
afterload 97
compliance 100
diastolic hypertension 101
filling pressure 100
function curve 97
interdependence 101
interdependence 97
preload 97
Verbal responses of pediatric scales 120t
Very-low-density lipoprotein 32
Village Health and Nutrition Day 383, 385
Viral conjunctivitis 332
Viral retinitis 349
Viral shedding 468
Virus infection 196
Virus particles 226
Visceral fat 25
Visceral obesity 55
Vision assessment 325
Visna and maedi viruses 205
Visual impairment 508
Vitamin A supplementation 385
Vitamin D deficiency 480
Vitamin K deficiency 291
bleeding 299
classical 299
early 299
late 299
Vitamin K prophylaxis 386
Vitreous hemorrrhage 345
Volume targeted ventilation 271, 276
von Willebrand disease 297
laboratory studies 297
management 297
W
WAGR syndrome 339
Waist circumference 2, 21
Warfarin 299
Warm saline 522
Warm saline bowel irrigation 522
Weaning 93
Weekly Iron and Folic Acid Supplementation Program 408
Weight loss goals 67
Weight regulation 26
Western blot 210, 211
Western test 211
Wheezing 467, 471, 492
White reflex 324
WHO global action plan for prevention of NCD (2013-2018) 534
Whooping cough 365
Wild poliovirus
type 1 413
type 3 413
Wilms’ tumor 339, 440
Withdraw vaccine viruses 371
Wolman's disease 150
World Health Organization 410, 411, 533
Worsening oxygenation 492
X
Xanthemas 138, 146
X-linked 136
disorder 145
recessive 249
XX DSD 438
XX karyotype 438
XY DSD 439, 442
XY intra-abdominal gonads 444
XY karyotype 437
Y
Yellow spots in eye 140
Yellowish patch of retinitis 351
Z
Zebra bodies 137
Zero order kinetics 261
Zero transmission of wild and vaccine polioviruses 371
Zinc 385
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