A
Acetone-soaked sponges 75
Acidic acid, pH of 6
Acne 39, 40, 42f, 43t, 60f, 64, 65, 73, 79, 82, 83, 84f, 85, 101, 134, 135, 158, 164, 165, 176, 181, 188f, 192, 194, 200, 203, 204, 223, 224, 236, 248, 261, 275, 282f
active inflamed 59
adult 236
comedogenic 158
complete subsidence of 89f
effect on 103
grading system, global 84
management of 40
mild active 73
persistent 149
reduction properties 223
related conditions 59
retention 310
rosacea 173
surgery 142
treatment of 87
types of 181
wash postprocedure instructions 57b
widespread 150
with oily thick skin 236
with peels, treatment of 234t
Acne scar 43t, 101, 110, 112, 117, 126, 129, 135, 141, 148, 150, 151f, 159, 181, 203, 204, 223, 225, 283
box 142
combination technique for 152f
deep 124
moderate-severe 117f
regional 148
severe 19f
technique for 152f
Actinic cheilitis 18f
Adequate sun protection 93
Adnexal tissue 234
Advanced cardiac life support 147
Aesthetic indications 261
Aesthetic skin consultation 50
Afro-Caribbean woman 151f
Allergies to resorcinol 91
Alopecia areata 110
Alpha ketoacids 192
Alpha-hydroxy acid 1, 5, 24, 37, 50, 52, 64, 72, 78, 87, 92, 98, 102, 103, 112, 143, 192, 212, 214, 232, 243, 252, 260, 276, 276b, 283, 287, 309, 312
combination of 226
American Society for Dermatologic Surgery guidelines 61
American Society for Dermatosurgery 249
Amino acid 170
Amiodarone 147
Analgesia 113
Angiogenesis 5
Antibiotic properties 79
Anticancer agent 104
Antidepressants 147
Anti-inflammatory powder 148
Antimicrobial effects 83
Antipsychotics 147
Antiseptic 148
Antithyroid effects 93
Apocrine glands 5
absolute 172
chemistry 170
complications 173
contraindications 172
formulations of 170
mechanism of action 170
postpeel care 172
prepeel precautions 172
relative 172
Arrhenius acid 22
Arrhythmias 147
Ascorbyl glucoside 254
Ascorbyl linoleate 280
Asian and African skin 286
Aspergillus 256
Atopic eczema 303
Atrophic acne scars 97
B
Bacillus proteus 79
Baker's phenol-croton oil solution 11
Benzoin, tincture of 88
Beta-lipohydroxy acid 279
Bio C 201
Blended peel 86
Blepharoplasty 61
Blood clots, reduces 104
Body dysmorphic disorder 159
Brody’ combination 109
Bronsted acid 22
Buffer capacity 23
C
Candida 139
Carbon dioxide 83
Cardiac monitoring 147
Cardiac tests 146
Cardiotoxicity 146
Cardiovascular toxicity 20
Caustic chemicals, use of 108
Caustic effects 14
Centrofacial melasma 186f
Ceramide 196
Chemical agents, side effects of 290t
Chemical peel 12, 22, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 33b, 35b, 79, 54f, 57, 131, 141, 156, 158, 176, 203, 207, 210, 218, 221, 237, 256t, 286, 297, 298, 301t
and formulas, types of 143
choice of 250
combination of 118
deep 17
different medium-depth 9
efficacy of 78
for melasma 210t
for postinflammatory
pigmentation 281
formulations 210
hyperpigmentation 219
in acne 281b
in dark skin 274
indications for 275b
in dark skinned patients 286
in ethnic skin 297
in melasma 209
indications of 193
of skin 267t
procedure 53
recent trend in 311
systemic effects of 306
with botulinum toxin 206
with concomitant oral 311
with dermabrasion 206
with dermasanding 205
with fillers 206
with lasers 204
with microdermabrasion 205
with microneedling 206
with subcision 206
Chemical peel pearls 318
patient
education 318
selection 318
peel plan 319
peel preparation technique 319
peeling technique 319
postpeel care 320
prepeel care 318
medium-depth 109b
complications 154
for pseudofolliculitis barbae 283
for scarring 283
in dermatoses 264
indications for 276t
mother of 274
of skin 170
superficial 132
to stratum papillare, middle-depth 132
Chemical peeling in sensitive skin 248
complications 250
contraindications 249
indications 248
patient preparation 249
precautions 250
priming 249
Cholecalciferol 196
Cholesterol, reduces 104
Chromatic tendency, individual 218
Citrus fruits 24
Claze peel 171
Cold aloe vera lotion 144
Coleman's combination 109
Colorimetry 219
common formulations 181
in acne 183
in melasma 185
in nonfacial areas 187
postpeeling care 190
prepeel preparation 189
Combination therapies, list of 203
Comedolytic agent 6
Comedolytic properties 310
Cook's total body peel 266
Coronal brow lift 61
Corticosteroid 16
Cosmetic and cosmeceutical brands 270
Cosmetic dermatologists 56t
Cotton-tipped buds 159
C-peel delivery serum 254
Cream-based retinoid peel, application technique for 99b
Crème-postprocedure skin relief, calming 196
Croton tiglium tree 288
Cutaneous macular amyloidosis 187
Cyclohexenyl ring 96
D
Demodex mite 44
Deoxyribonucleic acid 314
Dermaceutic solution 198
Dermal fibroplasia, reticular 12
Dermal necrosis, risk of 137
Dermal papillae 6
Dermal proteins 102
Dermal regeneration 5
Desonide 190
Diazepam 147
Distilled water 144
Dithranol 262f
Dizziness 306
DNA mutations, mitochondrial 240
E
Elastic fibers 243
Electrocardiography 146
Electrolytic abnormalities 147
Endothelial growth factor, vascular 241
Enterobacter aerogenes 79
Epidermal appendages 5
Epidermal dyschromias 74
Epidermal edema 9
Epidermal exfoliation 277
Epidermal glycosaminoglycans 234
Epidermal keratinization 72
Epidermal pallor 8
Epidermal proteins 102
Epidermal regeneration 12
Epidermal skin growths, benign 192
Epidermal sliding 10
Epidermal thickness, increased 6f
Epithelioid cells 87
Erythematous macules 231f
Erythromycin 147
Escherichia coli 79
Esterified solution 24
Ethyl macadamiate 280
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 171
Exfoliate skin 3
Exoderm formula and technique 146
Extracellular matrix, density of 239
Extrinsic aging 239
Eye contact, accidental 91
F
Face peel procedure 53
Face towels 176
Facial dermatitis 134
Facial nerve blocks, use of 147
Facial pigmentation, improvement in 42f
Facial rejuvenation 172f
Facial skin 259
Facial warts 44
Facial wrinkles, erases 1
Fair skin 274f
Fentanyl 147
Ferula foetida 174
application of 176f
complications 177
contraindications 176
equipment required for peel 176
formulation 175
indications 175
patient preparation 176
peel technique 176
postpeel care 177
session of 177f
system 177
Fibroblasts 103
Fitzpatrick skin, type III 211f
Fluconazole 147
Fluticasone propionate 99
Follicular canal 224
Follicular hyperkeratinization 223
Folliculitis, reduction of 188f
Folliculocentric cleaning 319
Free acid 24
Frosting, levels of 65t
G
Galactose 312
Gamma-hydroxypropionic acid 87
Gentle cleanser 113
Glowing powder 254
Gluconic acid 312
Glucosidic form 175
Glutathione peel 313
contraindications 314
indications 314
peel application 313
postpeel care 314
prepeel priming 313
properties 313
side effects 314
Glycolic acid 8, 16, 37, 40, 44, 52, 55, 72, 90, 102, 108, 109, 117f, 120, 132, 142, 158, 159, 160f, 161f, 164, 181, 186f, 187, 187f, 189, 193, 210, 219, 227, 236, 243f, 249, 260, 263f, 276, 288, 309
formulations of 38t
full-face peel 282f
gel 68
regimens for 46t
Glycolic acid peel 7, 37, 40, 40f, 41t, 42f, 47t, 48, 57b, 102, 165, 171, 210, 211, 211f, 220, 221f, 224, 227, 234
application of 46f
complications 47
dermal effects 39
epidermal effects 38
equipment for 53b
in melasma 41t
mechanism of action 38
preparing patient for 50
preprocedure instructions 50b
procedure of 50
regimens 56t
Glycolic and citric acids 190
Glycolic-hydroquinone cream 142
Granulation tissue 5
Growth factor beta, transforming 241
Guinea pigs 12
Gylcolic acid 182
H
Habig peel 133
Hand rejuvenation 74
Hematoxylin 6f
Hepatic test 146
Herpes labialis 44
Hetter's and Stone's formulas 146
Hetter's croton oil 19f
Hetter's formulas 18
Hetter's regions 146f
Hexachlorophene 144
Home care products 312
Human skin 253
Hyaluronic acid 254
Hyaluronidase 153
Hydrating and anti-inflammation 196
Hydrochlorothiazide 147
Hydromorphone 147
Hydronutritional cream 201
Hydroxy phenoxy propionic acid 280
Hydroxyl acid 24
Hygroscopic nature 65
Hyperemia 173
Hyperplastic epidermis 9
Hypoallergenic cream 149
Hypokalemia 147
Hypomagnesemia 147
I
Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis 110
Inflammation, effect on 241
Inflammatory acne, incidence of 275
Infraorbital nerve 136
Intralesional steroids 115
Isoflavones 254
Itching 91
J
Jasmonic acid 181
Jawline comedonal acne 225f
Jessener's solution 212
Jessner's and resorcinol peels 86
Jessner's face peel 283f
Jessner's formula 198
Jessner's plus, combination 144f
K
Keratitis, superficial 168
Keratolytic effects 14
Ketamine 147
Ketorolac 147
Kligman's formula 216
Knees, frictional melanosis of 262f
Koebner's phenomenon 33
L
Lactic acid 24, 28, 37, 50, 72, 87, 90, 102, 109, 137, 143, 164, 175, 181, 182, 185, 186f, 189, 198, 210, 212, 232, 245, 252, 277, 287
amount of 1
complications 232
contraindication 232
inhibits 277
properties of 73
antioxidant 73
bacteriostatic 73
comedolytic 73
contraindications 74
hydrating 73
indications 73
keratolytic 73
patient preparation 74
sebostatic 73
Laser hair removal 112
Latin american skin 297
Latina woman with acne scars 150f
Lay peeler's formulas 146
Leaderma 171t
Leathery skin 137
Lemon extract 1
Leukoderma 293
Lewis acid 22
Lichen planus lesions 33
Lichenoid disorders 158
Lidocaine ointment, topical 144
Life quality index 220
Lipophilic nature 310
Luminous powder 254
M
Malar areas, bilateral 75f
Malar melasma 211f
Mandelic acid 3, 24, 37, 43, 78–81, 102, 158, 181, 182, 184f, 187, 187f, 188f, 189, 193, 210, 277, 279
chemical formula 78
Masson trichrome staining 6
Matrix metalloproteinases 240
indications 198
ingredients 198
mechanism of action 198
procedure, ingredients of 198t
treatment 197
indications 197
protocol 198
Melanin grains 242
Melanocompetent 274
Melanotoxic chemical 122
and dark skin 276
area and severity index 41
quality of life scale 209
dermal-type 19
effect on 103
mixed 185
Mental nerve 136
Mesoestetic hydra vital factor K cream 201
Metabolic effects 25
Meta-dihydroxybenzene 87
Methemoglobinemia 88
Methoxycinnamic acid 174
Methyl salicylate 65
Midazolam 147
Molecular mechanisms 240
Molecules, novel 309
Monheit technique 226
Monheit's and Coleman's combinations 244
Monheit's technique 243f
Mono peel 252
Monocarboxylic acids 192
Monoprotic acid 23
Mulberry extract 254
Myoinositol hexaphosphate 104
Myristoyl tripeptide-4 196
Myxedema 88
N
Natural moisturizing factor 72
Nausea 93
Necrotic coagulum 148
Neostrata prosystem retinol peel 200
Nephrotoxic acid 265
Nerve blocks 136
Niacinamide 293
Nicotinamide 255
Nomelan peel 233
Noncomedogenic cream 149
Nonhydroquinone bleaching agents 287
P
Papillary reticular dermis 7
Papular acne 167f
Papular forehead acne 168f
Papulopustular acne 103
Patch test 52
Patient assessment and counseling 30
additives 254
anatomic site of 26
anti-aging 173
applications of combination 180
before 110
blue 137
brands 271t
classification 20
combined 132
combination 133
complications of 302
cooling, next level of post 312
desired 266
duration of contact with 26
for acne 223
for melasma 41t
formulation, choosing 24
freshening 252
glycolic-based combination 180
gold 15f
in acne scars, role of 234
indication for 265
medium-depth 110
medium 7
medium-depth 10, 18f, 64, 69, 108, 110, 110f, 110t, 112, 117f, 120, 124, 131–133, 136, 137, 193, 244
chemical formulations 132
chemistry 132
complications 138
contraindications 134
indications 134
patient preparation 135
postpeel care 138
name 256t
azelac gel 256t
cosderma gel party peel 256t
easy phytic peel 256t
lactipeel 256t
mandelac C 256t
mandelac L 256t
mandelac T 256t
pigment balancing peel 256t
sesglicopeel K 256t
ZO stimulator peel 256t
patch testing 120
phenol-based 130
phenol-croton 124
postauricular test 74
priming 172
product, specific 52
protocol, optimum 120
pumpkin 257
radiant 133
right 235
safe combination 187
selection 142t
self-neutralizing 86
sessions and interval, number of 127
side effects 304
stand-alone 101
depth 65
light 193
termination and duration 114
tray, typical 113
treatment
intervals for 57
repeat sessions of 314
types of 193
user-friendly 63
with properties and effects 182t
yellow 163
at office 196
effect 114
excessive 284
extra-facial 259
frequency of 106
ingredients, functions of 195t
lack of 57
materials required for 45f
methodology of medium-depth 113
modern era of 122
off, starts 138
procedure 219
progressive 57
safety of medium-depth 117
to deep 123
steps of 45
treatment steps 310
Peeling systems
home-based 270
chemistry 270
contraindications 272
indications 271
postpeel care 272
procedure of application 272
Penicillium species 256
Periorbital melanosis 65
Periorbital rejuvenation 172
Periorbital skin 180
Petrolatum, application of 54
pH 23
Pharmacology and chemical structure 37
application of 10
based peels, timeline of 2t
chemabrasion 151f
combination 127
peels 125
concentration of 123
derivative 174f
in skin of color 123
low concentration 125
properties of 123
solutions, modified 122
Phloridzin 175
Photosensitizing drugs 30
complications 106
contraindications 106
drawbacks of 106
indications 105
postpeel care 106
technique 105
Phytin 104
Pigmentary abnormalities 115
Pigmentary changes, prevention of 52
Pigmentary complications 304
Pilosebaceous glands 31
Poikiloderma 134
Polyprotic acid 23
Pomegranate enzyme 233
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation 14, 25, 40, 41, 43, 64, 69f, 109, 110, 118, 141, 142, 153, 155, 188f, 218, 219, 220, 223, 236, 259, 262f, 275, 276, 286, 291, 297
classification of 218
etiopathogenesis of 218
folliculitis with 188f
Postpeel
considerations 298
erythema 34
events, expected 115
expectations 127
guidelines 111
instructions 115
photographs 33
regimen for deep peels, alternative 153
with Jessner's solution 293f
avoid scratching 29
bland moisturizer 29
broad-spectrum sunscreen 29
cool water 29
ice compresses 29
mild cleansers 29
regimen 127
Postradiation therapy 12
Potential systemic toxicity 146
Precancerous and cancerous conditions 262
Prophylactic acyclovir 61
Prophylactic antiviral medication 98
Propofol 147
Protein oxidation, effect on 241
Proteolytic enzymes 257
Prototypical phenol solution 123
Pruritus 68
Pseudofrost, white 81
Pseudohypopigmentation 155
Pseudomonas 139
Pulsed-dye laser therapy 153
Punctate bleeding 148
Purulent exudate 19f
Pustular acne 105f
R
Regen-D gel 115
Renal compromise 306
Renal test 146
Renal toxicity 146
Resveratrol 293
Retinaldehyde 96
Retinyl esters 96
Retinyl linoleate 280
Revitalize Personal Peel Program 257
Roberts spot peel technique 319
Rolling scar 150
Rough skin texture 65
Rucinol 293
Rullan peel's postoperative regimen 153
S
Salicylate toxicity 93
Salicylic acid 3, 15, 27, 34, 43, 59, 63, 78, 86, 91, 104, 108, 139, 159, 160f, 164, 181–183, 184f, 186f, 187, 187f, 188f, 190, 198, 210, 219, 221f, 224, 236, 260, 263f, 277, 283, 287, 298f, 309, 316
chemical peeling 136
on pregnancy 272
photomicrograph of 6
indications 59
patient preparation 61
postpeel care 63
practical tips 63
precautions 62
superficial 281
Saline eyewash 176
Scabbing 47
Sebaceous atrophy 12
Sebaceous lighter skin 150
Seborrheic dermatitis 52
Sensitive sites, protection of 113
complications 160
contraindications 159
indications 159
patient preparation 159
postpeel care 160
practical tips 161
Skin
and wound healing, histology of 5
appearance 47
barrier compromise 303
defenses 241
deodorization, effect on 103
discoloration 93
dry 303
elasticity, improvement in 103
extra-facial 264
healing 34
health care 1
inflammation 196
irritable 173
lotion 103
microcirculation 173
peeling procedures 108
phototype 275
pigmented 134
preconditioning 142
proteins, coagulation of 25
regeneration, stimulation of 52
resurfacing 200
roughness 84
sensitivity 56
smoothness 84
structure, boosting 180
treated 120
whitening 104
wound repair 12
Skin scars
technique, reconstruction of 230
Slit-lamp examination 116
Sodium bicarbonate rinse 144
Solar melanosis, treatment of 299f
Sour milk 24
Spot peel technique 283
Spotty erythema 47
Stellate cells 103
Steroid
concomitant 303
cream 93
low potency 100
damaged face, topical 248
induced acne, topical 235
Stone phenol 124
Stone Venner-Kellson formula 261
Stratum basale, peeling to 132
Streptococcus 139
Stretch marks 97
Strip technique 266
Subsequent coats 126
Sulfur bonds, disrupts 123
Sulfuric acid 25
Sun protection factor 293
Sunscreen 50
Sun-tanned skin 187f
Superficial peels, combining 311
Supratrochlear nerve 136
Switch peel 158
Systemic steroids 115
T
Terfenadine 147
Terminative peels 165
Tetra-hydro-jasmonic acid 199
Thioctic acid 254
Tinnitus 93
Titanium dioxide 99
Tocopheryl linoleate 280
Tranexamic acid 315
Transepidermal water loss 180
Triazolam 147
Trichloroacetic acid 2, 8f, 15, 17f, 25, 28, 41, 64, 92, 102, 109, 117f, 122, 133, 133f, 143, 144f, 145f, 152f, 158, 164, 180, 187f, 188f, 192, 195, 204, 210, 219, 230, 243, 260, 263f, 277, 283, 291, 293f, 298, 300f, 304
mechanism of action 64
spot peel 283f
technique 144
Trichloroacetic acid peel 48, 64, 67f, 68, 68f, 69, 70, 89f, 92, 145f, 213, 214, 214f, 224, 229, 229f, 263f, 278
combination treatments 66
complications 230
delayed effects 68
formulations 64
immediate effects 68
indications 65
method of application 66
postpeel care 67
preprocedure care 66
side effects 68
TCA cross 68
Trichloroethanoic acid 64
Tricholoroacetic acid 213
Triprotic acid 23
V
Vesiculo-bullae formation 144
Vi peel 279
Viral infection 111
Visual analog scale 220
Visual staging 267t