A
Abducent nerve 483
Abductor pollicis brevis muscle 493f
Acetabulum, upper part of 350f
Achromia, lesions of 73f
Acid phosphatase, serum 511
Acquired ankylosis 550
Acrocephalosyndactyly syndromes 605
Acrofacial dysostoses 618
Acromegalic jaw 548
Adamantinoma 553
Adams-Oliver syndrome 604
Adipose tissue 511
Admantinoma 512
Adult respiratory distress syndrome 604
Aesthenia 17
Ainhum 464f
Akinesia 242
Algodystrophy 607
Alkaline phosphatase, serum 511
Alkaptonuria 279f
Allodynia 14
Ameloblastoma 553
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 336
American Joint Committee on Cancer 516
American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Valgus Score 438
Amnesia, post-traumatic 559
Analgesics, non-narcotic 280
Aneurysmal bone cyst, malignant 540f
Angiography, peripheral 586f
Angiosarcoma 511
anteroposterior stress test of 411
clonus 238
congenital contracture of 7f
deformity of 470f
distorted development of 53f
dorsiflexors of 253
joint 403
lateral collapse of 410
mortice 405
movements of 448f
pathology 415
sprain of 416
secondary 251
Anserine tendinopathy 373
Antebrachial cutaneous nerve, lateral 487
Anterolateral soft tissue impingement syndrome 605
Anti-cyclic-citrullinated-peptide antibodies 76
Anti-rheumatic drugs, disease modifying 77
Antley-Bixler syndrome 605
Apraxia 240
Arachnoid mater 200
Arches, longitudinal 423
Arcuate ligaments 383
Arm-drop-sign 101
Arterial blood gas analysis 613
Arterial diseases 632
Arteriovenous malformations, pulmonary 175
acute 72
chronic 72
degenerative 83
enteropathic 79
gonococcal 79
multifocal pyogenic 72f
ochronotic 279f
post-viral 144
pseudoseptic 82
psoriatic 79
reactive 80
sacroiliac 270
subacute 72
subtalar 457f
degenerative 449
viral 84
Arthrofibrosis 378
Articular cartilage, sliced fracture of 384
Articular surfaces, palpation of 373
Ascitis, malignant 576f
Asphyxia, traumatic 571
Aspirin 280
Astereognosis 242
Atlantoaxial joint 215
Atonia 244
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 301
Autism 301
Automatic bladder 205
Axial rotation stress test 264
Axillary folds, measurement of 99f
Axillary nerve, integrity of 100
Axonotmesis 487
B
Back strain, acute 214
Bajrangbali sitting position 306
Baker's cyst 373
Ball joints 71
Ballance's sign 577
Baller-Gerold syndrome 605
Ballismus 234
Bankart's lesion 103
Barber's pilonidal sinus 185
Barton's disease 393
Basal cell carcinoma 634
Basal ganglia 242
Baseballer's elbow 122
Bathyanaesthesia 242
Battered buttock syndrome 606
Baumann's angle 121
Bell's palsy 483
Best test 234
Bicepital tendinitis 614
Bicipital tenosynovitis 100
Bifid thumb 170
Biglow, Y ligament of 313
Bipartite patella 382
Bizarre deformities 192f
Bladder 243
Blauth's classification 605
Blind spots 392
Blunt chest injury 573
Body mass index 23
Bone 4
abscess 589
around knee, ossification of 361t
avascular necrosis of 589
cement implant syndrome 606
cyst
aneurysmal 511
juxta-articular 511
solitary 511
cystic lesions of 525
deep palpation of 25
densitometers 32
disease 615
dissolving disease 539
graft viability 589
lymphangiomatosis of 615
marrow oedema syndrome 606
metatarsal 424
of hand, ossification of 169
progressive atrophy of 615
sarcomas, staging of 516t
spontaneous absorption of 615
benign 514t
classification of 507
malignant 516
Bony
ankylosis 349f
cortex 594
growths, benign 397
lesions 384
loose bodies 384
metastasis, early detection of 589
palpation 374
points, fixed 316
Borrelia vincentii 631
Botulinum-A toxin 294f
Bowel diseases 79
Bowing deformity, posterior 60f
Bowler's thumb 183
Bowstring test 227
Boxer's elbow 619
Brachial palsy 487
Brachydactylism 171
Brachymetacarpia 171
Bradymetacarpia 425
Breast 506
Broca lesion 102
Bronchus 506
Broom test 130
Brown's tumour 511
Bryant's sign 100
Buccal mucosa 548
Buerger's phenomenon 17
Bulge test 375
Bunnell test 178
Burdach, tract of 206
C
Cachexia 506
Caisson's disease 354
Calcaneocavus foot 431f
Calcaneocuboid joint degenerative arthritis 449
Calcaneovalgus foot, footprint of 446f
Calcaneus deformity, measurement of 451
Calcar femorale 313
Calf muscles, post-infective contracture of 455
Callaway's test 99
Caloric reflex 559
Cancellous bone 594
Cancer chemotherapy 354
Candle bone disease 8f
Capillary hydrostatic pressure, pulmonary 604
Capitellum, hypoplasia of 619
Capsular irritation sign 111
Capsulitis 614
Caput ulna syndrome 606
Carcinomatosis lung 538f
Cardiac tamponade 568
Carpal bones 169
Carpopedal spasm 235
Cartilaginous structures 359
Catel-Manzke syndrome 606
Cavovarus deformity 440f
Cementoma 553
Cenani-Lenz syndactyly syndrome 607
Central cord syndrome 607
Cephalothoracopagus 6f
Cerebellar tremor 19
Cervical
movements, passive testing of 220
osteoarthritis 247
roots stretch test 224
MRI of 596f
spondylosis 247
vertebrae 247f
Chair test 130
Charcot foot 475
Charcot gait 234
Charcot joint 240
Cheap class syndrome 611
Cheiropathy, diabetic 179
Chest
acute traumatic conditions of 569t
compression test 568
expansion, measurement of 223
injuries 568
gross assessment of 565
wall 568
Chikungunya 85
Childress Duck-Waddle test 390
Chinese foot binding 468f
Chin-on-chest deformity 211f
Chlamydia trachomatis 80
Chondroblastoma 511
Chondroblasts 511
Chordoma 512
Christian-Weber syndrome 138
Church prayer sitting position 306
Chvostek's sign 235
Ciliospinal reflex 559
Circadian rhythms 15
Clark's test 376
Claustrophobia 599
Claw toe 434
Cleft lip, congenital 7f
Cleft palate, congenital 7f
Clench teeth 548
Clergyman's knee 377
Clinodactyly 191f
Clostridium botulinum, bacterium 295
bilateral 442f
deformities 453t
early 455
grades of 453
congenital 455
late onset 455
mild 443f
moderate 443f
very late-onset 455
very severe 443f
Coccydynia 270
Coccygodynia 270
types of 217f
Cold injuries 632
Colles fascia 262
Complete gait cycle, basics of 229f
Computer assisted orthopaedic surgery 5
Condylomata 263f
Coracoacromial arch 111
Coracoiditis 102
Core needle biopsy 510
Corticospinal tracts 604
Corticosteroids 77
Costoclavicular syndrome 100
Cothymia 36
Coxa valga 313
Craig's test 333
Cranial nerves, broad assessment of 483t
Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia syndrome 609
Craniovertebral region, MRI of 596f
C-reactive protein 30
Crepitus 155
Crohn's disease 79
Crossed-straight leg-raising test 225
Crowned dens syndrome 592
Crush syndrome 609
Cryptophthalmos-syndactyly syndrome 610
Cubitus recurvatum 125f
Culcaneum, pathological fracture of 469f
Cyanosis 243
Cystic fibrosis 175
Cystic swellings around knee 376
Cysticercus 256
D
Dead leg 610
Decompression 500
Deep posterior compartment syndrome 608
Deep vein thrombosis 611
Degenerative joint disease, non-nodal non-erosive 83
Dejerine-Sottas disease 166
Deltoid ligament 411
Dementia, clinical syndrome of 607
Dense collagen fibrous tissue 40
Depression 550
De-Quervain's disease 20
Desmoplastic fibroma 511
Diabetic foot
disorders 471
evaluation 477
infection 474
surgery 476
syndrome 610
ulcers 473
classification of 476
Diabetic muscle infarct syndrome 611
Diabetic nerve compression syndrome 611
Diaphragm, rupture of 572
Diaphyseal aclasis 149f
Diaphysis 40
Diastematomyelia 455
Diastrophic dwarfism 455
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis syndrome 611
Digital rays, severe suppression of 171f
Digitless hand 171f
Dinner fork deformity 148
Disc prolapse, diagnosis of 276
Discectomy 276
Discoid meniscus 380
Distal epiphyses, osteochondritis of 458
Distal phalanx 424
Distal synovial uniaxial pivot radioulnar joint 156
Distress syndrome, respiratory 81
Dolichostenomelia 171
Doll's eye phenomenon 559
Dorsal spine 221
Dorsal spinocerebral tract 206
Dorsalis pedis artery 408
Double crush syndrome 611
Drop thumb deformity 180f
Drummer's palsy 180f
Drunkers gait 233
Duck gait 232
Dye allergy 392
Dyschromia, lesions of 73f
Dysdiadochokinesia 240
E
Economy class syndrome 611
Edward's syndrome 612
Egawa's test 495
Egg-shell crackling 153
Egyptian foot 446f
Elbow
affections of 132
ankylosed 126f
chronic septic arthritis of 143f
congenital dislocation of 144f
corresponding injuries of 132t
hyperextension of 125f
posterolateral dislocation of 137f
movements of 125f
old dislocated 137f
old injury of 137f
pathological dislocation of 143f
posterior dislocation of 137f
snapping 125
Electrodactyly ectodermal dysplasia clefting syndrome 612
Electromyography 502
Ellis-Van Creveled syndrome 612
Ely's test 334
Empyema 571
Enchondromatosis 175
Endocarditis, infective 175
Enneking's classification 512
Enthesopathy 589
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 31
Epineurium 485
Epiphyseal growth plate 40
Epiphysis 40
Eponychial fold, infection of 185
Erichson's sign 335
Erythema nodosum 632
Erythrocyanosis frigida 634
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 30
Evan's classification 340t
Eve's disease 553
Excessive lateral pressure syndrome 619
Exomphalos, congenital 369f
Extensor digiti minimi 147f
Extensor indicis 147f
Extensor retinaculum syndrome 612
External oblique abdominis 285
External snapping hip 314
Extraforaminal disc 253
Extraperitoneal rupture 577
Eyes 251
F
Fabella 385
Factitious hand syndromes 613
Failed back surgery syndrome 613
Fanatic life syndrome 279
Fan-belt injury 623f
Fanconi anaemia 613
Fanconi syndrome 613
Fan-shaped deltoid ligament 405
Fascicles 284
Fat emboli syndrome 613
Faulty posture, curve of 211
Feet, congenital malformations of 424
Femorotibial angle 361
Femur 395f
congenital
acute bowing of 66f
anterolateral bowing of 63f
lower diaphysis of 526f
neck of 340f
old fracture neck of 336
Festinant gait 233
Fibres 284
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva 138
Fibro-fatty soft tissue mass 623f
Fibromyalgia syndrome 614
Fibro-osseous compartments 147f
Fibroproliferative disease, benign 180
Fibrosarcoma 511
Fibrositis syndrome 614
Fibrotic contracture 318f
Fibrous dysplasia, endocrinopathic 618
Fibula
congenital pseudoarthrosis of 47
mimicking osteosarcoma of 533f
overgrowth of 64f
upper end of 527f
Fine needle aspiration cytology 510
Finger
bilateral congenital flexion contracture of 150
deformities of 179f
duplication of 170
flexion reflex 238
flexor sheath of 185f
normal movements of 188t
post-burn contracture of 126f
pulps 184
quadriceps 233
snapping 182
tip 193f
Finkelstein's test 155
Fire arm injury 490
First metatarsal insufficient syndrome 614
First ray insufficiency syndrome 614
Fissures, deep 65f
Fistulae, arteriovenous 634
Five fingers quadriceps 290f
Fixators 29
Fixed deformities, correction of 295
Flaccid flat feet 431
Flail lower limbs 291f
Floating patella 375
Fluorodeoxyglucose 590
Fluorosis 45f
Foetal surveillance techniques 452
Follicular odontome 553
Foot 421
angle 229
arches of 423
bones, ossification of 424
broad divisions of 423t
callosity of 456t
circumferential measurement of 450f
congenital contracture of 7f
control of 423
complex 442
typical attitudes of 289
distorted development of 53f
dorsiflexion deformity of 434f
dorsum of 463f
drop gait 232
eversion deformity of 434f
evolution of 422
hyperplasia of 462
hyperpronation of 431
intrinsics of 285
inverted 429f
length of 423
longitudinal measurement of 450f
melanoma of 537f
movements of 448f
pathology 452
plantar aspects of 447
post-burn contracture of 470f
Forestier's disease 611
Four score coma scale 559t
acetabulum 269f
around shoulder 105
cervicothoracic regions 592
comminuted 600f
complicated status of 58t
complications of 60
epiphyseal 384
features of 58
femoral neck 233
first rib 572
forearm 191f
head and neck of radius 138
healing 57t
incomplete 381
intra-articular 59
jaw 551
juxta-articular 59
lateral condyle of humerus 140
leg bones, congenital 43f
long bones 55
malunited 9f
mandible 551
metatarsals 459
ribs 568
of sternum 568
olecranon 141
osteoporotic 64
types of 381ff
pelvis 338
radial styloid process 161f
scaphoid 161
single ribs 568
stellate 381
sternum 569
subluxation 114f
surgical neck of humerus 107f
thoracic regions 592
thoracolumbar regions 592
tibial
spine 399f
tuberosity 383
transchondral 385
transverse 381
trochanteric 316
unstable 341f
Frankel, white line of 394
Frantic life syndrome 614
Friction test 390
Froin's syndrome 614
Fusobacterium ulcerans 631
Fuzzy lesions 586
G
Gadolinium-labelled diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid 597
Gait
abnormal 229
ataxic 233
base of 229
calcaneus 233
cerebellar 234
crouch 232
dragging 232
equinus 232
helicopod 232
hemiplegic 232
hysterical 234
internal rotation 232
in-toeing 232
knee 290f
knock knee 233
lathyriatic 232
out-toeing 232
painful 233
quadriceps 233
recognised patterns of 232
reeling 233
short leg 233
short limb 233
short shuffling 233
spastic 232
stamping 233
stiff hip 233
stiff knee 234
Gallbladder 576
Gangrene tissue 476
Gardens four grades 340f
Gardner's syndrome 614
Gas gangrene, acute 61f
Gaucher's disease 354
Gauvain's sign 333
Genee-Wiedemann syndrome 618
Genome 33
Genucom 392
Germ cell tumour, nonseminomatous 542f
typical 527f
Giant osteochondroma 513f
Glenohumeral articulation 91
Glenoid fossa 92
Glide test 382
Glossopharyngeal nerve 484
Glossy fibroma 506
Gluteal artery, inferior 228
Gluteal lurch 288
Goltz-Gorlin syndrome 615
Gomphosis 70
Goose foot 377
Gordon's sign 237f
Gorham's diseases 615
Gorham's massive osteolysis 615
Gouty tophi, typical 460f
Granulocyte scintigraphy 32
Granuloma, eosinophilic 511
Great spinal artery of Adamkiewcz 200
Green-Anderson growth-remaining chart 46
Grotesque deformity 12f
Guillain-Barrè paralysis 455
Guillain-Barrè syndrome 299
Guinea worm 632f
Gum epulis 552
Guthrie cards 31
Guthrie test 31
Guyon's tunnel 501
H
Haemangiomatosis 615
Haemangiomatous mass 114f
Haemangiopericytoma 511
Haemarthrosis, fibrinous organisation of 390
Haemopericardium 571
Haemophilus influenzae 81
Haemopneumothorax 570
Haemoptysis 568
Haemorrhagic disease 366
Haglund's deformity 457
Haglund's triad 457f
Hair-thread tourniquet syndrome 615
Hallux dolorosus 439
Hallux fluxus 439
Hand
congenital absence of 171f
deformities of 178
diabetic 179
functions, gross assessment of 170
intrinsics of 285
movements of 186
spaces of 169
supporting head sign 224
syndrome 624
traumatic conditions of 190
Hand-Schüller-Christian disease 11f
Hansen's claw hand deformity 192f
Hansen's cold abscess 499f
Hansen's neuropathy 495f
Harrison's sulcus 366f
Hart's sign 335
Hawkin's test 111
Heberden's node 176f
Hemihypertrophy, congenital 8f
Hemiplegia 232
Hemodialysis 17
Hepatic failure 19
Hepatitis virus 84
Hereditary familial disorder 21f
Hernia, traumatic diaphragmatic 568
Herniation 276
Heteroplasia, progressive osseous 137
Hibb's angle 468
Highly congruent joint geometry 119
Hip
abduction, limitation of 333
abductor mechanism of 330
bilateral
congenital dislocation of 344f
septic arthritis of 349f
bone 262t
Charcot disease of 352f
congenital
contracture of 7f
developmental
disorders of 332
displacement of 315
disability and osteoarthritis outcome score 336
fixed deformity of 320
flexion of 237
functions, broad assessment of 336
intra-articular pathology 314
ipsilateral 379f
central fracture dislocation of 343f
classification of dislocation of 341t
inspection of 316t
osteochondrosis of 354
pathological dislocation of 349f
posterior dislocation of 342f
synovitis of 315
true arthritis of 316
measuring abduction of 333
neglected posterior dislocation of 342f
normal movements of 319t
oblique projection of 336
osteoarthritis of 336
pain of 314
paralytic 345
pathology 338
stability of 330
subluxation of 332
syndrome, snapping 326
transient osteoporosis of 606
Hirschsprung's disease 611
Hochgradige dislocation der scapula 94
Hodgkin's disease 511
Hollow foot 444f
Holt-Oram syndrome 615
Homan's sign 410
Horn cells, anterior 203f
Hot swollen joint, evaluation of 82
Human erect posture, development of 274f
Human immunodeficiency virus 31
Humeroradial joint 124
Humeroulnar joint 124
Hydrops knee 398f
Hyperalgesia 14
Hyperlipidaemias 354
Hypermobility syndrome, benign 606
Hyperpituitarism 548
Hyperthyroidism 13
Hypoalgesia 14
Hypochromia, lesions of 73f
Hypogastric ganglion 206f
Hypoglossal nerve 484
Hyponatraemia 17
Hypothalamus 206f
Hypothenar eminence 176
Hypoxaemia, severe 604
I
Ichnogram 451
Idiopathic avascular necrosis, bilateral 352f
Idiopathic clubfoot, clinical grades of 453t
Idiopathic scoliosis, adolescent 210
Idiopathic ulnar impaction syndrome 615
Iliac plate, pyogenic infection of 269
Iliofemoral ligament 313
Ilio-psoas abscess 262
Iliotibial band syndrome 615
Iliotibial tract, tightness of 287
Ilizarov apparatus 42f
Infantile scoliosis, types of 210
Inflammatory
bowel desease 175
lesions, acute 40
polyarthritic conditions 75
polyarthropathies 621
swellings 552
syndrome 616
Influenza 551
Inguinal ligament 317f
Innominate bone, ossification of 262t
Instability, assessment of 153298
Internal vertebral venous plexus 200
International Osteoporosis Foundation One-minute osteoporosis risk test 66
Interosseous syndrome, anterior 604
Intersection syndrome 616
Intracranial blood vessels, injuries of 562t
Intraforaminal disc 253
Intrathecal baclofen 295
Intrinsic plus test, reverse 178
Iritis 251
Isointense extramedullary dumb-bell shaped spinal tumor 595f
J
Jaccoud's syndrome 616
Jack test 431
Jaffe tumour 511
Janeway spots 185
Javeline Thrower's elbow 122
Jebsen-Taylor hand function test 170
Jerky vehicles 276
Jersey finger 183
Jersey thumb 183f
Jobe test 102
Joints
classification of 70
compound 359
deep palpation of 26
diarthrodial 245
ellipsoid 71
hand 176f
interphalangeal 193f
mice 390
patellofemoral 376
radioulnar 156
sacroiliac 269f
shoulder girdle 91
space 580
sternoclavicular 91
synovial 70
reflections of 359
trochoid 71
tuberculous 83
wrist 176f
Jone's triple tendon transfer 498
Jumper's knee 374
K
K nailing 635f
Kehr's sign 577
Kernig's sign 226
Kinesthetic sensation 242
Klinefelter syndrome 616
Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome 617
Knee 357
anterior dislocation of 394f
anterior translation of 361
arthrodesis 292f
chronic septic arthritis of 396f
congenital
contracture of 7f
dislocation of 371f
unilateral posterior dislocation of 393f
dislocation 363
distorted development of 53f
flexion 237
contracture of 363f
fusion 291f
instability 387
ipsilateral 379f
movements, normal 378t
osteoarthritis of 399
transepiphyseal arthrodesis of 301f
Knock flat foot 441
Knock hollow foot 441
Knock knee 369
Köhler's disease 458
Kummell's disease 276
L
Labrum abnormalities, evaluation of 598
Lag sign 111
Lasegue's sign 225
Lateral meniscus, cyst of 379f
Latissimus dorsi 285
Ledderhose's disease 182
Ledehosen syndrome 617
Leg
bone
bowing of 43f
compound fracture of 635f
congenital angular deformities of 47
cramps 277
length 328
pain, anterior 413
posterior bowing of 43f
ulcers 629
causes of 630
Leishmaniasis ulcer 632f
Lever arm disease 295
Ligaments, intra-articular 359
Ligamentum denticulatum 200
Ligamentum nuchae 201
Lipid lowering drugs 354
Liposarcoma 511
Lissauer's tract 206
Lister's tubercle 148
Little disease 302
Little finger, duplication of 170
Little toe, congenital elevation of 424
Lobster-claw hand 172f
Locking finger 182
Locomotor system 4
Lofgren's syndrome 617
Loose bodies, causes of 390
Love test 184
Low testosterone syndrome 617
Lower femur 369f
Lower lumbar sciatic compressive radiculopathy 228
Lumbar lordosis 212f
Lumbar micro-discectomy 276
Lumbar vertebrae, sacralisation of 276f
Lumbo pelvic joint complex 261
Lumbosacral radicular syndrome 274
Lunate dislocation 161
Lunate malacia 161
Lymph nodes 319
M
Madelung's wrist 150f
Madura hand 175f
Maffucci's syndrome 617
Maisonneuve fracture 407
Malingerer's backache 279
Mallet toe 436
Marble bone disease 9f
March fracture 458
Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome 618
Martorell's ulcer 632
Mastication, muscles of 547
McCune Albright syndrome 618
Mear's procedure 94
Medial longitudinal arch, collapse of 431
Medial meniscus, cyst of 377
Medial tibial syndrome 618
Melorheostosis 8f
Meningeal haemorrhage, middle 562
Mental retardation 12f
Mercurial poisoning 19
Metabolic disease 487
Metacarpal bones 169
Metaphyseal aclasis 508f
Metaphyseal fibroma 511
Metaphyseal system 41
Metaphysis 40
Metatarsal head 450f
Metatarsal stress fracture 459
Methotrexate osteopathy 63
Middle finger, duplication of 170
Middle phalanx, destruction of 193f
Miller syndrome 618
Miner's elbow 144
Miserable malalignment 382
Missile injuries 568
Mixed connective tissue disease 78
Monteggia lesions, classification of 139t
Moro's reflex 294
Morquio's syndrome 618
Motor cortex 203f
Motor dysfunctions 234
Motor function 235
Motor nerve conduction test 502
Motor neuron disease 303
Motor unit 284
Motorcycle accident 635f
Multiple epiphysitis, typical X-ray of 8f
Multiple myeloma 255
anomalies of 228
assessment chart 296
curve 502
intrinsic 449f
power 237
assessment of 501
skeletal 284
Muscular contraction 284
Muscular fasciculations 19
Musculoskeletal tumours, malignant 516t
Muslim's callus 456f
Mycobacterium leprae 461f
Myelocele 249
Myelographic study 246
Myelomeningocele 249
Mylohyoids 550
Myokymia 242
Myotomes 199
N
Nailbeds 184
Nail-patella syndrome 618
Neck righting reflex 294
Neck-shaft angle, development of 313
Necrotising fasciitis 60
Nerve
accessory 484
compression 100
conduction monitor 502
fibre groups 205
hourglass deformity of 165
infraclavicular 217f
injuries 488
Seddon's three types of 487t
Sunderland's classification of 488
palpation of 501
repair 491
section of 500
tissue 511
vestibular 484
Nervi erigentes 206
Nervous system, peripheral 461f
Neurilemmoma 511
Neurodevelopmental disorders 301
Neurolysis 491
Neurotmesis 487
Noble compression test 334
Noncommunicating syrinx 242
Numb chin syndrome 619
O
O'Brien's needle test 412
O'Donoghue, terrible triad of 383
Ober's test 287
Obstetrical brachial plexus palsy 490
Obturator nerve 500
Occiput-to-wall test 221
Ochronosis 279f
Oculocephalic reflex 559
Oculomotor nerve 483
Oculovestibular reflex 559
Oedema around ankle 407
Olecranon impingement syndrome 619
Olfactory nerve 483
Oligohidrosis 243
Ollier's disease 175
Omohyoids 550
Omphalopagus 6f
Onychogryphosis 467
Open fish-mouth appearance 399f
Oppenheim's sign 237f
Optic nerve 483
Oral-acral malformation complex 619
Orthopaedic callosities 456
Oschner's clasp test 493f
Osler's nodes 185
Osteitis deformans 62
Osteoarthropathy, hypertrophic pulmonary 619
Osteoblasts 511
Osteochondrodysplasia 62
Osteochondrosarcoma 525f
Osteoclastomatous lesion 553
Osteoclasts 511
Osteodystrophia fibrosa 618
Osteogenic sarcoma 530f
Osteopenia 67
Osteopetrosis 9f
Osteophytes 247
Otitis media 551
Otorrhoea 558
Otto pelvis 335
Overlap syndromes 619
Overriding toes 439
Oxford hip score 336
P
Pachydermoperiostosis 626
abdominal 578
causes of 458
characteristics of 16t
neurogenic 14
nociceptive 14
pathophysiology of 14
psychological 15
radicular 382
types of 5
Pale mucosal fibrosis 548
Palpating dorsalis pedis 447
Pancoast carcinoma 92
Pancoast tumour 100
Pancreatitis 354
Panner's disease 130
Paper chromatography 511
Paracentasis 577
Parachute reaction 294
Paradoxical respiration 568
Paralysis 285
Paralytic diseases 299
Paraneoplastic syndromes 619
Parathyroid hormone 192f
Parkes-Weber syndrome 619
Parkinsonian tremor 19
Parotid abscess 551
Paroxysmal trepidant ataxia 232
Patella 374
alta 382
anomalies of 382
baza 382
comminuted fracture of 400
complete fracture of 400
congenital dislocation of 46
dislocation of 400f
high riding 382
incomplete fracture of 400
infera 382
recurrent
subluxation of 385
riding 382
Patellar ballottement sign 375
Patellar bulge test 375
Patellar tap demonstration of 375f
Pectoralis major 285
Pelkan spur 394
Pelvic
affections, common 266
bone metastasis 269f
examination 266
fractures, classification of 266
girdle 300f
injuries 261
obliquity 261
pathology 266
peritoneum 261
peritonitis 261
region, static 275
ring
normal 267f
stable fracture of 267f
unstable fractures of 267f
wink 321
Pendulum test 228
Periarthritis 110
Periosteal system 41
Peroneal compartment syndrome 608
Peroneal muscular atrophy disease 607
Peroneus longus 285
Pes adductus 433
Pes anserine 377
Peyrenei's disease 182
Phalanx, intermediate 424
Phalen's test 165
Phantom bone 615
Phantom limb pain 15
Phantom sciatica 206
Photopodogram 452
Physeal fracture 55f
Pia mater 200
Piriformis muscle hypertrophy of 228
Pisiform-hamate tunnel 495
Pivot joint 71
Plane joints 71
Plantar fibromatosis 617
Plantar interossei 449
Plantar nerves 434
Plantar reflex 237f
Plaster of Paris 422
Plastic surgery 94f
Pneumonia 92
Pobble operation 425
Podogram 451
Podoscopy 452
Poems syndrome 620
Policeman's tip position 489f
Poliomyelitic deformities 284f
Pollicis brevis tendons 155
Polyarteritis nodosa 78
Polyarthralgia 74
Polydactylism 170
Polymyalgia rheumatica 80
Polymyositis 78
Polyneuritis 303
Polyvinyl chloride 511
Poncet's disease 86
Popliteal aneurysm 378
Postconcussive syndrome 620
Postphlebitic syndrome 620
Pott's paraplegia 250t
Pott's puffy tumour 8f
Preiser's disease 161
Presacral nerve 206f
Pressure sore 243
Pressure specific sensory device 447
Prone hip-extension test 322
Prostate 506
Protrusio acetabuli 268f
Protrusion 550
Provocative test 165
Pseudodislocation 350f
Pseudoparesis 11f
Pseudosciatica 215
Pseudotumours 506
Psoas bursitis 578
Psychiatric disease 608
Pudenal nerve 206
Pure sensory nerve 486
Pyoarthrosis 393
Pyogenic osteomyelitis, multifocal chronic 51f
Pyothorax 571
Pyramidal cells 203f
Pyramidal fibres, course of 203f
Q
Q angle 390
Quadriceps active test 387
Quadriceps adhesion 379
Quadriceps lag 379
Quadriceps muscle 373
Quadruple deformity complex 363
Quervain's disease 155
R
Rachitic genu varum, advanced 369f
Rachitic windswept deformity, X-ray of 395f
Rachocele 249
Radial club hand, bilateral 173f
Radial hemimelia, preaxial 171
Radial jerk, inversion of 239
Radiation therapy 354
Radicular odontomes 553
Radiculopathy, lumbar 228
Radioactive technetium-labelled hydroxymethylene diphosphonate 588
Radio-capitellar articular disease 141
Radiohumeral joint 123f
Radionuclides 588
Radiosynoviorthesis 591
Radioulnar arthritis, post-traumatic inferior 162
Radioulnar joint, superior 124
Radioulnar synostosis, congenital 132
Raynauds disease 608
Razor back 209
Rectus femoris contracture test 334
Recurvatum, congenital 46
Reflux sympathetic dystrophy, stages of 590
Relocation test 101
Renal failure, prevention of 609
Renal function tests 511
Reperfusion syndrome 621
Resistant tennis elbow 620
Respiration 568
Respiratory syndrome, severe acute 621
Restless legs syndrome 621
Reticulum cell sarcoma 511
Retinaculum, tightness of 382
Retraction 550
Retropulsion 233
Rhabdomyolysis, traumatic 609
pathogenic stages of 76
Rheumatoid hand, typical 179f
Rheumatoid nodules 75
Rheumatoid spondylitis 277
Ring finger, duplication of 170
Ring sign 394
Risus sardonicus 13f
Robert's syndrome 621
Rocker-bottom flat foot 433
Rocking horse gait 233
Roentgen-stereophotogrammetric analysis 33
Rolling-pin test 130
Romanus lesion 252
Romberg's sign 241
Root avulsion 492
Root pressure 492
Roseta stone 274
Rotatory movements 550
RS3PE syndrome 621
Rubella virus 84
Ryder method 334
Ryle's tube 578
S
Sabre tibiae 44f
Sacroiliac strain 269
Sacrospinalis 285
Saddle joints 71
Saegessar's splenic point 577
Salmonella typhimurium 80
Salter-Harris classification 55f
Sarcoidosis 354
Scalene syndrome 486
Scanogram 245
Scapular muscles, gross wasting of 302f
Scapulothoracic gliding 91
Scheie syndrome 621
Scheuermann's kyphosis 275
Schindylesis 70
Schmidts parietal bone 550
Schober test 222
Schwann's cell sheath 485
Sciatic neuropathy, compression 486
Sciatic radiculitis 227f
Sciatica 256
Scleroderma 78
Sclerotome 199
computer-aided assessment of 246
congenital 209f
etiological classification of 210t
etiology of 210
hysterical 210
idiopathic 210
infantile idiopathic 210
management of 210
Scoliotic curves 245
Seasonal affective disorder 621
Seddon's classification 488
Sellar joints 71
Semimembranosus bursa 378
Serpentine deformity 440
Sever's disease 469f
Shenton's arc 335
Sheurmann's disease 611
Shigella flexneri 80
Shin splints 413
abduction 113f
splint 491
anterior dislocation of 93f
arthrodesis of 491
common affections of 103t
congenital dislocation of 114f
classification of 104t
fixed abduction contracture of 115f
freezing 110
habitual dislocation of 105f
impingement syndrome 624
instability, anterior 101
joints 89
recurrent dislocation of 103
tenderness of 96
muscles 489f
normal movements of 97
pathology 102
posterior dislocation of 107f
short rotators of 285
subcoracoid dislocation of 106f
Sickle foot 433
Sickle thalassemia 175
Silencer-pipe burn ulcer 635f
Silfverskiold test 427
Simmond's test 412
Sinding-Larsen-Johansson's disease 385
Single limb heel rise test 450
Single rib fracture 569
Skull, sella turcica of 512
Slipped capital epiphysis 351f
Smashed heel syndrome 622
Snake bite 630f
Snowstorm appearance 397
Snuffbox, palpation of 155
Soft tissue
components 405
growths, malignant 397
injuries 590
lesions 384
palpation of 373
region 316
shadow 580
structures 584
Soldiers, calamity of 393
Solid ankle-feet, congenital 407f
Somatosensory evoked potentials 502
Spasmodic flat foot 432f
Speed's test 100
Sphincter, internal 206
Spina ventosa 173f
arteries of 200
blood vessels of 200
compression paraplegia of 255
damage of 600f
development of 199
hemisection of 242
lower end of 202f
meninges of 200
monitoring 33
section of 203f
segments 243t
tracts of 205
transverse section of 206f
veins of 200
Spinal deviation 212
Spinal disorder, benign 611
Spinal excursion, anteroposterior 223f
Spinal infections 594
Spinal pathology 244
Spinal posture 63f
Spinal trauma 592
Spinal vertebra 270
anterior column of 275
development of 199
infections of 592
posterior column of 275
stress test of 223
tenderness of 214
Spinotectal tract 206
Spinothalamic tract, lateral 206
Spleen 576
Splenic rupture 577
Spondylitis, tuberculous 224
Spurling's sing 247
Sputum, examination of 573
Squamous cell carcinoma 634
Square foot 442
Squat test 390
Squint 208
Starch iodine test 243
Stato-acoustic nerve 484
Steering wheel injury 577
Steinberg sign 184
Step sign 155
Stereognosis 242
Sternoclavicular dislocation 106
Sternoclavicular joint, subluxated 108f
Steroid therapy 354
Stickler's syndrome 622
Stiff hind foot valgus 449
Still's disease 79
Stir-fry test 131
Strain injury, repetitive 20
Strength duration curve 502
Streptococcus pneumoniae 82
Stress fracture 458
Stress radiology 415
Stress syndrome, post-traumatic 620
Stress X-ray 391
Stretch injury 487
Stretch test, lateral 224
Students elbow 144
Subacromial syndromes 624
Sucking chest injury 573
Sulcus syndrome, superior 619
Superficial reflexes, main 236t
Suppurative paronychia, acute 466f
Suprascapular nerve entrapment 487
Supraspinatus, complete rupture of 100
Supraspinous ligament 201
Supratrochanteric measurement 328
Swan neck deformity 179f
Sweat test 502
Sweating 243
anterolateral 409f
anteromedial 409f
atypical neurofibromatous 263f
forearm 539f
posterolateral 409f
synovial 123f
types of 552
Swimmer's shoulder 615
Syme's amputation stump 534f
Syncope 558
Syndesmophytes 252
Syndesmosis 70
Synovial diseases 598
Synovial folds, vestigial 360
Synovial joint, complex 359
Synovial swelling, features of 375
Synovium 512
Syphilitic sequelae 366
Syringomyelocele 249
Syzygiology 284
T
Tabatznik syndrome 624
Table top sign 182
Tackling spasticity 295
Taenia solium 256
Tailor's ankle 417
Tailor's bunion 439
Talipes equinovarus, congenital 424
Talofibular components, posterior 415f
Tardy median nerve palsy 163
Tardy ulnar nerve palsy 494
Tarsal canal 406
Tarsal coalition 425
Tarso-metatarsal joints 457f
Tears 587
Tectorial membrane 201
anatomical landmark of 547
ankylosis 550f
congenital
ankylosis of 550
bilateral ankylosis of 547
diseases affecting 551
dislocation 555f
disposition of 547
movements of 550t
palpation of 549f
subluxation of 551
Tendovaginitis 413f
Tennis heel 456
Tension tests 225
Tension-stress injuries, chronic 141
Testicular tumour 542f
Testosterone 354
Tetanus, stage of 13f
Textiloma 506
Thalamus 203f
Thigh compartment syndrome 625
Thompson's test 412
Thoracic major vessels injury 572
Thoracic outlet syndrome 625
Thoracic scoliosis, mild 95f
Thoracopagus 6f
Thromboangiitis obliterans 18
Thrombocytopaenia absent radius syndrome 625
Thumb 186
abduction of 187f
duplication of 170
Felon of 185f
flexon deformity of 180f
macrodactylism of 173f
melanoma of 537f
movements of 186
nail test 373
normal movements of 186t
post-burn contracture of 126f
twisting spinous process 215f
Thurston-Holland sign 55
Thyroid 506
Thyrotoxicosis 19
Tibia
adamantinoma of 531f
congenital
posterior bowing of 43f
pseudoarthrosis of 47
destruction of 539f
distorted development of 53f
lower articular end of 405
right upper third of 52f
upper end of 530f
vara infantile 370
Tibial arterial pulsation, anterior 408
Tibial spine fracture 384
Tibial syndrome, anterior 608
Tibial tuberal apophysitis 401
Tibial vein, Posterior 405
Tibiofibular joint 191f
Tibiofibular syndesmosis 405
Tibiofibular torsion 406
Tietze's syndrome 625
Tinel's sign 501
Toe-heel gait 233
Toe-tip-gait 233
Tongue sign 303f
Tonsillitis 551
Too many toe sign 450
Topallenesthesia 242
Total knee joint replacement 595f
Touraine-Solente-Gole syndrome 626
Tourett syndrome 626
Tourniquet paralysis syndrome 626
Tourniquet test 165
Transillumination test, method of 376f
Transitional vertebra syndrome 276
Transvaginal scan 455
Transverse arch 423
Trefoil pelvis 271f
Trendelenburg's gait 233
Triple arthrodesis, modified 292f
Triple subluxation deformity 363
Trochlear nerve 483
Trochlear notch 119
Trousseau's sign 235
Trunk, movements of 221
Tubercular rheumatism 86
ankle 416f
carpometacarpal joints 193f
elbow 142
foot 461
metacarpo-phalangeal joint 174f
multi-focal 464f
pulmonary 175
sacroiliac joint 269
shoulder 109f
spine 249
Tumoral calcinosis 86
embolisation 511
intraspinal 594
malignant 507
medullary 511
metastatic 517
secondary 506
sternomastoid 208
surgery 540f
Tunga penetrans 465f
Turner syndrome 626
U
arteriosclerotic 460
causes of 460
condylomatous 263f
congenital 630
depth 476
malignant 25
multiple 632f
neurosyphilitic 460
non-specific 25
primary epitheliomatous 634f
varicose 633f
Ulcerative colitis 79
Ulnar claw 177f
Ulnar club hand 173
Ulnar dominence 495
Ulnar impaction syndrome 626
Ulnar median nerves paralysis 177f
Ulnar palsy 494
Ulnar paradox 494
Ulnar tunnel syndrome 627
Ultrasonography, uses of 587
Universal pain assessment tool 15f
Uraemia 19
Urate crystals 460f
Urethra, rupture of 262
Uveitis 251
V
Vacuum disc sign 254
Vague low backache 277
Vagus nerve 484
Varicose veins, congenital 66f
Varus deformities 438f
Vascular origin, ulcers of 460
Vascular tumours 511
Vasculitis 634
Vastus medialis 373
Vehicular accidents 490
Ventral spinocerebellar tract 206
Ventral spinothalamic tract 206t
Vertebral column, important ligaments of 201
Vertebroplasty 278
Villonodular synovitis, ossified 418f
W
Waddling gait 232
Wagner-Meggitt classification of diabetic foot ulcer 476
Wan neck deformity 178
Wart 456t
Warty nodulations 65f
Washerwoman's strain 20
Weight bearing position 391
Wilson's test 390
Wimberger line 394
Wrist
bilateral congenital flexion contracture of 150
dorsum of 153
movements of 157f
pain, post-traumatic chronic 162
pathology 159
prominent flexors of 164f
region, X-ray of 528f
stabilization of 498
stenosing tenosynovitis 163
Wry neck 208