101 Medical Autopsy Cases: Adult and Pediatric Nandita Bharadwaj Kakkar
INDEX
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTUVWYZ
Page numbers followed by f refer to figure and t refer to table.
A
Abdomen 119, 194
upper part of 587
X-ray 394
Abdominal aorta 249f, 265, 266, 271, 290, 344f, 357, 464f, 524, 528f
Abdominal circumference 638, 690
Abdominal distension 13, 20, 61
Abdominal lymph nodes 108
Abdominal lymphadenopathy 524
Abdominal masses, large 659
Abdominal musculature forms 694
Abdominal nodes 154
Abdominal pain 61, 96, 147, 148, 271, 301, 380, 410, 667
severe 264
Abdominal wall defect 698
Abdominothoracic with brain 108
Abnormal echotexture 94
Abnormal genitalia 644
Abnormal hepatic function tests 444
Abnormal tibia and fibula 698
Abnormal ureters 613f
Abnormally angulated bile ducts 660
Abortive glomeruli 687
Abscesses 185f, 276f, 466
multiple discrete 124
perianal 475
perirectal 475
small 206f
well-defined 273, 275f
Abundant collagenous tissue 690
Abundant cytoplasmic granules 39f
Acholic stools 710, 715
Acid sphingomyelinase 588, 591
Acid-fast
bacilli 13, 150, 152f, 194, 228f, 310, 380, 394, 399f, 400, 460f, 463f, 469, 478, 480f, 518f, 534, 544, 550f
plenty of 464f
stain for 540
tubercle bacilli, clusters of 461
Acidic environment of stomach 739
Acid-Schiff positive 89
Acinar cells 196f
Acinar transformation 731f
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 130, 556
Actinobacillus 278
Actinomyces 475
Acute abdominal pain 394
Acute angle branching fungal hyphae 572
Acute aortic dissection 264
Acute bronchiolitis 304
Acute bronchopneumonia 481f, 564, 741f
Acute capillaritis 322f
Acute cortical necrosis 338, 339
Acute diffuse
colorectal neutropenic colitis 576
neutropenic colitis 581
Acute febrile illness 220
Acute fibrinous pericarditis 339, 343f
Acute gastritis 144
Acute glomerular lesions 302
Acute glomerulitis 308f, 315f, 325f, 341f
Acute hemorrhages 292
Acute hepatitis 142, 145, 238
Acute infectious mononucleosis, syndrome of 450
Acute inflammation 308f
Acute inflammatory
caseous meningitis 536
cells 256, 273
infiltrate 547
Acute intimitis 344f
Acute intraparenchymal hemorrhage 293
Acute kidney injury 104, 147, 225, 236
Acute leptospirosis 145
Acute leukemia 23, 583
Acute liver failure 220, 224, 233, 238, 716, 717, 722
lines of 723
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia 569
Acute myeloid leukemia 42, 576, 581
Acute necrosis 399f, 400
Acute necrotizing
pneumonia 737, 738
vasculitis 386f
Acute neutrophilic exudate 189f
Acute onset chest pain 184
Acute pancreatitis 184, 187, 188
Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis 255, 256, 261
Acute promyelocytic leukemia 38, 41, 42, 44, 47, 52
Acute pyelonephritis 405, 409, 470
Acute renal failure 61, 310, 338, 339, 412
Acute respiratory distress syndrome 571
Acute rheumatic
fever 256
myocarditis 261
Acute serofibrinous 534
Acute severe headache 588
Acute tubular necrosis 42, 61, 412, 509, 551, 726
Acute vasculitis 309f, 317f, 328f, 338, 342f, 343, 343f–345f, 351f, 354f, 375, 377f, 383f, 386f, 392f
focus of 336f
Acute viral hepatitis 227, 229, 231, 233
Acylglyceropyrophosphate 588
Addiction 446
Addison's disease 199, 200
Addisonian crisis 394
Adenocarcinoma 97
in situ 100
type of 110f
Adenosine
deaminase 134, 479, 538
triphosphate 711
Adenovirus 465
Adequate lymphoid tissue 418f, 480f, 526, 548
Adipose tissue 196f
Adjacent brain 289
parenchyma 289f, 428f
Adjacent liver 525
parenchyma 144
Adjacent normal renal parenchyma 655
Adrenal cortical cells 512
Adrenal gland 51f, 159, 194, 197, 417f, 511f, 711, 715
Adrenal hemorrhage 491, 494f, 497, 498
Adrenalitis 194
Adventitial inflammatory infiltrate 540
Agranular cytoplasm 570f
AIDS-related opportunistic mycoses 556, 560
Alagille syndrome 731, 735
Alanine aminotransferase 554
Albumin 457, 508
Albuminuria 333
Alcian blue stain 135, 524, 532f
Alcohol and hepatitis C virus infection 210
Alcoholic cirrhosis 209
Alcoholic foamy degeneration 207
Alcoholic hepatitis 209
Alcoholic liver disease, pathology of 207
Alkaline medium 123
Alkaline phosphatase 119, 545, 722, 723, 726
Allergic rhinitis 301
All-trans-retinoic acid 38, 47
Alopecia 199
Alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency 735
Alport syndrome 500, 501
Altered sensorium 432, 523
Alveolar damage, diffuse 434, 442, 470f, 481, 491, 498, 508, 513, 719, 737
Alveolar hemorrhage 21, 57, 159, 215, 322f, 336f, 430f, 442, 512, 534, 621f, 741
Alveolar septa 66f, 322
Amebapore 123
Amebiasis 123
pathology of 123
Amebic abscesses 124
Amebic ileocolitis 119, 121
Amebic liver abscess 121, 124
American College of Rheumatology 297, 351
American Thoracic Society 100
Amikacin 729
Amino acid metabolism, disorder of 714
Amlodipine 405
Amoebic colitis 188
Amphetamine 283
Ampulla 602
Amyloid light chain type 61
Amyloidosis 62, 395
Anal atresia 602
Anaphylactic shock 549
Anasarca 307, 587
Anemia 45, 61, 193, 212, 220, 312, 315, 443, 445, 478, 512, 513, 588, 652, 716, 719, 735, 737, 742
Anesthetic shock 549
Angiogram 272, 273
Angiotensin
defective formation of 673
mild 423
Anisopoikilocytosis 728, 737
Anitschkow cells 261
Anorectal agenesis 695
Anorectal atresia 699
Anorectal malformation 618, 691, 698
Anorexia 189, 356, 368
Anosmia 300
Antemortem
antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody 338
bone aspiration biopsy 709
bone marrow 424
aspirate 39f, 54f
right lacrimal sac biopsy 577
skin biopsy 201, 202f
sural nerve biopsy 348
trephine biopsy 54f
Antenatal pediatric surgery 689
Antenatal ultrasonography 669
Antepartum hemorrhage 626, 676
Anterior abdominal wall 690
Anterior descending artery 246
Anterior mediastinal mass 432
Anterior mediastinum 382
Anterior wall myocardial infarction 184
Anthracycline-containing
chemotherapy 52
drug 44
Anthropometric measurements 647, 689
Antiepileptic drugs 272
Anti-Epstein-Barr virus 450f
Anti-hepatic coma regime 119
Antimycobacterial antibiotics 485
Anti-myeloperoxidase 300
antibody 51f
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody 297, 299, 312, 317, 331, 375, 396
serology 301
Antinuclear antibody 281, 339
Antinuclear cytoplasmic antibody 394
Antirabies antibody 162f, 163
Antiretroviral therapy 558
Antitubercular therapy 133, 478
Antitubercular treatment 514, 538, 544
Antituberculous treatment, institution and adequacy of 534
Aorta 274, 367f, 369, 564f, 594f
adventitia of 367f
arch of 343f, 357f, 366, 653f
dextroposition of 273, 274f, 278
overriding of 279
part of 414f
wall of 367f
Aortic regurgitation 255
severe 264
Aortic root 265
dilatation 264
Aortic valve 256, 266
Apergillosis 556
Aplasia 606
Aplastic anemia 583
Appendicitis 188, 189
Appendix 123
section from 459f
Arcuate artery 286f, 292, 309f, 317f, 331, 335f, 341f
Arginine vasopressin 666
Arkamin 405
Arnold-Chiari malformations 686
Arsenic trioxide 38, 44, 52
Arterial cannulation 270
Arterial circulation 169
Arterial thrombosis 535
Arterioles 300, 343
Arteriopathy 371f
Arteritis 171, 303, 535, 537
Artery 327f, 539
large 535
levels of 97
Arthralgias 300, 323, 368, 445
Arthritis, seronegative 199
Ascending aorta 265f, 266, 267, 267f, 268f, 271, 366, 524
aneurysm of 264
Ascending colon 123
Aschoff bodies 256
Aschoff bodies 256, 258, 260
Aschoff nodule 259f
Ascites 18, 88, 112, 187, 201, 212, 225, 227, 394, 452, 498, 710, 711, 715, 722, 726, 737, 742
Ascitic fluid 14, 107, 331, 394, 508, 722
Aspergillus 204, 574
bronchopneumonia, focus of 448
hyphae 573f
infection 474, 574
morphology of 571
septate fungal profiles of 58f
septate hyphae of 208f
Asphyxia 652
Aspiration 194
cytology 524
Aspirin 445
Asthma 301
history of 308
Asymptomatic mononucleosis 510
Atherosclerosis 194, 664
Atretic glomerular tuft 607
Atrial myxoma 397
Atrial septal defect 363
Atrophic glomerular tufts 681f
Atrophic glomeruli 670, 674, 678, 680, 682f
Atrophic thymus 460
Atrophic thyroid-like tubules 655, 656
Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia 100
Atypical cells 49f, 50f
Atypical large cells 21f
Atypical leukemic cells 52
Atypical lymphoid cell 4f, 6f, 34f
Atypical megakaryocytes 15f, 16, 19f, 27f, 28f
Atypical mitosis 217f
Atypical mycobacteria 515
Atypical mycobacterial infection 465
Atypical T lymphocytes 449
Autocrine motility factor receptor 104
Autoimmune disorders 102
Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome 199
Autologous bone marrow transplantation 445
Autopsy revealed metabolic liver disease 722
Autopsy, partial 4, 89, 119, 127, 265, 515
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease 660, 662, 664, 676
Autosomal recessive
disease 475
disorder 660, 673, 677, 685, 687, 706, 707
inheritance 502
metabolic disorders 703
polycystic kidney 680
disease 657, 658, 661, 670, 683
traits 703
Axon retraction bulbs 540
Axonopathy 348
Azotemia, mild 104
Azurophilic granules 452
B
B cell
lymphomas 449
proliferation 450
B lymphocytes 449, 450
Bacillus calmette-guérin 465, 466, 478
infection 457, 465
vaccination 466
Bacteremia, episode of 173
Bacteria
activation of 534
cluster of 273
killing of 534
Bacterial endocarditis 172
Bacterial infection 551
Bacterial peritonitis 723
Bactericidal superoxide, production of 476
Balloon angioplasty 251
Ballooned lacunae 465
Barcelona clinic liver cancer-D 212
Basal ganglia 240f, 540, 542f, 546
Basal metabolic index 195
Basidiospores 557
Basilar artery 540
territory 535
Basophilic inclusions, smaller 513
B-cell lymphoma 11
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome 513
Behçet's disease 179
Beitzke's criteria 520, 522
Bence Jones proteins 61, 67
Benedict's test 714
Bernstein's criteria 674
Biallelic mutational analysis 727
Bicuspid aortic valve 563
Bifid ureter 633
Bilateral basal ganglia 538, 544, 548, 552
infarcts 540f
Bilateral congenital
cataracts 722, 724, 726
hydroureteronephrosis 676
Bilateral cryptorchidism 690–693
Bilateral diffuse crepitations 262
Bilateral enlarged kidneys 657
Bilateral enlarged multicystic kidneys 646, 686
Bilateral extensor plantars 544
Bilateral hydronephrosis 691, 693
Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis 695
Bilateral hydroureters 678
Bilateral hypodysplastic kidneys 619, 621
Bilateral hypoplastic lungs 628, 691
Bilateral interstitial infiltrates 559
Bilateral kidneys 168
echogenic 683
enlarged 683
Bilateral lung hypoplasia 698
Bilateral mild pleural effusion 524
Bilateral multicystic
dysplasia, diagnosis of 685
dysplastic kidneys 609, 610, 616, 683, 685, 687
Bilateral multicystic kidneys 615
Bilateral optic atrophy 544
Bilateral pedal edema 13, 20
Bilateral periventricular leukomalacia 508
Bilateral pleural effusion 187
Bilateral pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma 135
Bilateral renal
agenesis 606, 611, 623, 698
hydronephrosis 692
mucormycosis, primary 409, 412, 413
Bilateral reticulonodular opacities 538
Bilateral simple renal hypoplasia 642, 646
Bilateral talipes 699
Bilateral tonsillar 539
Bilateral uncal herniation 158f
Bile casts 178, 237
nephropathy 204
Bile duct
disease 171
hamartoma 663
normal 190f
proliferation 205f
Bile ductular
epithelium 509
proliferation 209, 510f, 531f, 740f
Bile stained liver 510f
coronal slice of 188f
slice of 197f
Biliary strictures 195
Biliary tract 191
Biliovascular fistula 124
Bilirubin
conjugated 508
excretion of 124
total 515
Bilobar intrahepatic biliary radical dilatation 176
Biopsy ascending colon 14
Birbeck granules, formation of 438
Birth asphyxia 627
severe 612
Birth canal 514
Bitemporal incision 538
Biventricular hypertrophy 178, 358, 366
Black tarry stools 38
Bladder
dysfunction 640
outlet obstruction 689
diagnosis of 678
Bland coagulative necrosis 411, 415f
Bland membrane 582f
Bland necrosis 415f
Bland transmural necrosis 418f
Blastoid
morphology 3
variant 3
Bleeding 514
gums 38
manifestations 45, 523, 587
tendencies 26
Blepharitis 300
Blind ending colon 698
Blood
biochemistry 96, 107, 142, 255, 281, 313, 331, 412, 432, 446, 490, 497, 508, 569, 647, 662, 703, 710, 716, 723, 723t, 729, 729t, 738
brain barrier 138, 536
culture 108, 508, 544, 662, 722
group 729
microbiology 703, 710, 716, 738
pooling of 549
pressure 338, 356
products 205
transfusion 205, 446, 511, 513, 577
previous 587
vessels 302, 536, 546
congested 535
Blotchy congestion 308f
Body aches 147
Bone 83
lesion, single 434
marrow 6, 14, 24, 26f, 31, 32, 35f, 39, 48, 57, 62, 81, 97, 108, 151, 154, 274, 338, 343, 414, 424f, 441, 443f, 445–447, 464f, 548, 577, 589f, 591, 706, 733
aspiration 47, 440, 445, 705f
biopsy 588
emboli 21f
examination 569
section 447f
trabeculae 26f
transplantation 102, 465, 476
Borderzone encephalitis 149, 274, 534, 535, 537, 540, 545, 548
Botryomycosis 278
Bowel abnormality 538
Bowel alteration 446
Bowel ischemia 189
Bowman's capsule 302, 313, 324, 339, 381, 386f, 500f, 501
break of 320f
Bowman's space 256, 491f, 494, 497, 674
Brachiocephalic artery 358f, 359f
Brachymesomelia renal syndrome 676
Brain 41, 43f, 57, 100f, 109, 129, 135, 144, 150, 160f, 236, 246, 273, 286, 332, 345f, 374, 379, 428f, 461, 474f, 509, 523, 544, 591, 647, 648, 650f
abscess 272, 275f
anatomy of 534
base of 345f, 539f
coronal slice of 159f, 240f, 275f, 289f, 427f, 512f, 539f, 546f, 650f
cortex of 651f
dysfunction 444
parenchyma, underlying 535
stem 273
surface 535
white matter of 652f
Brainstem 97, 540
Breast 327, 583
mass 323, 327, 329f
rapidly developing 323
milk 511, 513
Breath, shortness of 38, 553
Breathlessness 446
Bridging fibrosis 525, 730
Bridging hepatic necrosis 148
Broad nasal bridge 642
Broken internal elastic lamina 359
Bronchi, wall of 49f
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 301
Bronchoinvasive aspergillosis 461
Bronchopneumonia 123, 187, 193, 194, 198f, 233, 246, 304, 324, 338, 339, 414, 425, 498, 508, 552, 565f, 726
superadded acute 481
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia 515, 521
mild 670, 675f
Budd-Chiari syndrome 175, 176, 179, 180, 183
Burkholderia cepacia 475
Burning micturition 667
Burns 549
C
C loop of duodenum 40f, 203f, 221f
Cachexia 465
Canalicular cholestasis 197f, 228f, 525, 704, 709
Canalicular proliferation 706f
Candida 574
albicans 465, 577
Capillary leak syndrome 45
Capillary lumen 500f
Capillary proliferation 362f, 546
diffuse 361f
Capsular hemorrhage 42f
Capsular polysaccharide 527
antigen 558
Capsular surface 655
Carcinoid 83
Cardiac catheterization report 273
Cardiac failure, congestive 184, 563
Cardiac muscle 129
Cardinal sign 282, 286
Cardiomyopathy 281, 285
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation 158, 405
Cardiovascular system 13, 184, 243, 267, 728
pediatric case 561
Carinal lymph node 227, 228f, 448, 514, 517
Caroli's syndrome 716, 719
Carotid artery 367, 369, 536
Carpenter syndrome 199
Caseating epithelioid cell granulomas 547
Caseation necrosis 547
Caseous cortical nodule 536
Caseous necrosis 228f, 485, 547
Caseous tubercle 536
Cast nephropathy 61
Castleman's disease 136
Catalase positive bacteria 473, 475
Cataract 508
Catastrophic APLA syndrome 103
Catecholamine myocardial damage 284
Caudal dysgenesis 699
Cavernoma 171, 172, 174
Cavernous transformation 172
Cecal ulcer replete 120f
Cecum 123
Celiac disease 179, 193, 199
Cell
lung cancer, small 397
mediated immunity 156
small blue round 578f
Cellular bone marrow 21, 22
Cellular crescent 260f, 391f
Cellular hypoxia 549
Cellular immunodeficiency 465
Central necrosis 213, 378f, 411f
Central nervous system 7, 13, 61, 149, 175, 378, 436, 534, 553, 583, 604
malformations 685, 687
tuberculosis 536
Central vein 180f
Central venous pressure 158
Centrizonal congestion 491
Centrizonal hemorrhagic necrosis 42, 146f, 510, 510f
Cephalopelvic disproportion 496
Cerebellar folia 154f
Cerebellar hypoplasia 686
Cerebellar meninges 548f
Cerebellum 97, 100f, 289f, 428f, 539, 539f, 540
anterior aspect 546
Cerebral abscess 274
Cerebral artery, vasculitis of 350
Cerebral cortex 539, 540, 548, 552
disclosed 134
Cerebral hemisphere 101, 534
Cerebral hypoplasia 686
Cerebral malformations, syndromes with 601
Cerebral toxoplasmosis 126, 130
pathology of 131
Cerebral venous thrombosis 291, 540
Cerebrospinal fluid 96, 133, 149, 423, 544, 722
examination 134, 134t
flow of 534
Cerebrovascular accident 374
Cervical
lymph node 524
lymphadenopathy 47, 394
rachischisis 699
Chapel-Hill consensus conference 379
Chemokines 534
Chemotherapeutic drugs 583
Chemotherapy, result of 551
Chest 514
circumference 508, 638, 690
infections, recurrent 457
pain 96, 446
right-sided 80
severe 264
X-ray 24, 176, 446, 457, 515, 515f, 524, 538
Childhood vasculitis 320
Cholangiocarcinoma 176
Cholangiolar proliferation 233f, 724f
Cholangitic abscess 176, 181
Cholangitis 178, 533, 740
Cholecystitis 148, 188, 533, 740
Choledocholithiasis 188
Cholelithiasis 201, 204, 210
Cholestasis 194, 706f, 711, 715, 720
severe 209
Cholestatic jaundice 713, 716
Cholesterol 588
Chondrocyte columns 465
Chordae tendineae 265, 265f
Choriocarcinoma 71, 74, 76, 92, 652
part of 91
Chorioretinitis 131, 508, 512, 513
Choroid
plexitis 82f, 149, 151, 274, 277f, 279, 525, 534, 535, 546, 548, 548f
plexus leading 546
Chromosomal abnormalities, renal cysts in 601
Chronic bronchiolitis 304
Chronic Budd-Chiari syndrome 175, 176, 178, 181
Chronic calcific pancreatitis 193
stigmata of 194
Chronic cholecystitis 204
Chronic diarrhea 496, 497
Chronic glomerular lesions 325f
Chronic granulomatous
disease 465, 468–470, 475, 476, 484, 485
diagnosis of 468
reaction 529, 529f
Chronic inflammation 310
Chronic liver
disease 119, 176, 216, 231, 236, 710, 715, 740, 742
disorder 737, 738, 742,
failure 716, 717
Chronic lymphatic leukemia 53
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia 3, 53, 57, 60
Chronic meningitis 133
Chronic myeloproliferative disorders 18
Chronic pancreatitis 184, 187, 195
Chronic passive venous congestion 25, 187
Chronic renal failure 172
Chronic rheumatic heart disease 255
Chronic sclerotic glomerular lesions 302
Chronic silicosis 153–155
Chronic sinusitis 300
Chronic thrombotic vasculopathy 284f
Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis 664
Churg-Strauss
disease 298
syndrome 297, 299, 305, 320
Ciprofloxacin 663
Circle of Willis 246, 273
Cirrhosis 179, 215–217, 238, 730
Cirrhotic nodules 216f, 218f
Cisterna pontis 535
Classic antinuclear cytoplasmic antibodies 400
Clear cell papillary carcinoma 214
Cleft palate 699
Clostridium difficile infection 583
Clostridium welchii 173
Coagulative necrosis 552
Coagulative necrosis, total 407f
Coagulogarm 440, 490, 497, 722, 729
Coagulopathy 119, 220, 291, 432, 495, 508, 710, 715, 722, 726
Cocaine 283, 284
hydrochloride 283
Collagen
disorders 136
vascular disease 318
Collagenous tissue 692f
Collapsing glomerulopathy 497, 500, 501
Collecting ducts 670
Coloboma 602
Colon 338, 339, 343, 374, 375, 379, 406, 418f
lamina propria of 66f
Colonic glands 83f
Colonoscopy 14
Columnar epithelium 182f
Coma, deterioration of 162
Common bile duct 190f
Complete duplex kidney 655
Complete lobar disorganization 613f, 633
Complex glomerulonephritis 370
Compressed follicle 28f
Congenital immunodeficiencies, severe 465
Congenital tuberculosis
diagnosis of 517, 520t
prognosis of 521
symptoms of 522
Congested red pulp 442, 725
Conglomerate mass 188f
Congo red stain 64f–66f
Conjunctivitis 300
Consciousness, deterioration of 162
Constipation 61, 523
Continuous positive airway pressure 479
Contraction band necrosis 284, 286
Contralateral kidney 626, 630
Contrast-enhanced computed tomography 14f, 176, 185, 272, 514, 523, 662
Coomb's negative hemolytic anemia 238
Copper metabolism, disorder of 739
Copper-binding, diffuse excess of 741
Coronary angiography 184
Coronary artery 273, 297
disease 23, 25, 187
Corpus callosum, agenesis of 686
Cortical cells 551
Cortical echogenicity 669
Cortical glomeruli 502
Cortical hyperplasia 509
forming nodule 511f
Cortical renal parenchyma 620
Cortical veins 539
superficial 538–540, 542f, 543
Cortical venous thrombosis 540, 543
Corticomedullary distinction 678
Corticomedullary junction 497, 502
Cough 96, 135, 313, 372, 374, 378, 380, 410, 514, 523
Cranial nerve 101, 102, 546
palsy 138, 524
C-reactive protein 440, 545
Creatine kinase 248
Creatinine 515, 588, 662
Crohn's disease 475
Crowded cuboidal podocytes 490
Crown heel length 508
Crown rump length 508
Cryoglobulinemia 351
mixed 207
Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis 201
Cryptococcal antigen 544
test 528
Cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide antigen, demonstration of 528
Cryptococcal disease 530
Cryptococcal infection 526, 533, 556–559
Cryptococcal lymphangiectasia 553, 560
Cryptococcal meningitis 137, 529, 558
diagnosis of 559
Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis 135, 526
Cryptococcal phagocytosis 558
Cryptococci 525, 527, 530
culture plate of 560
fungal profiles of 524, 525
magenta 527f
Cryptococcoma 530, 530f, 531f, 533
Cryptococcosis 523, 524, 526, 528, 560
diagnosis of 558
occurrence of 557
Cryptococcus 134, 137, 526, 557
gattii 527, 530, 532, 557
infection 523, 526, 533
isolates of 526
neoformans 137, 140, 528–530, 557, 574
Cryptorchidism 74, 636, 638
Crythrophagocytosis 734f
Cuboidal epithelium 637, 664f
Cuboidal podocytes 494
Cutaneous disease 475
Cutaneous lesions 484
Cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis 303
Cyanosis 133, 514, 538, 716, 737
Cyclosporine 445
Cyst 610, 613f, 666f
infection 662, 664, 667
multiple 610
simple 382
Cysteine proteinases 123
Cystic diseases 676
Cystic dysplasia, diffuse 674, 682
Cystic fibrosis 484, 515, 521
Cystic hygroma 699
Cystic medial degeneration 267, 269f, 270
Cystic periventricular leukomalacia 646
Cytokine 534
cascades, activation of 549
replacement therapy 484, 485
storm 431
storm, level of 551
therapy 484
tumor necrosis factor alpha 536
Cytomegalovirus 220, 452, 510f, 511f, 703, 711
disease 512
hepatitis 510, 513
inclusions 509f, 510f, 511f
infection 507, 511, 512
congenital 510, 511
pneumonitis 510, 513
polymerase chain reaction 53
tubulointerstitial nephritis 510
Cytopenia 35, 428, 452
Cytoplasm, moderate 177
Cytoplasmic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody 343
Cytoplasmic mucin 99f
Cytosis 405
Cytotoxic drugs 583
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes 430
D
Dandy-Walker
deformity 604
malformations 686
syndrome 642
Deep mucosal ulcer 573f
Deep ulcer 417f
Deep vein thrombosis 107, 108, 110, 115, 245, 246
Demyelination 348
Dendritic cell 426, 427, 437
phenotypes 427
types of 426
Dengue 220, 221
diagnosis of 223
fever 222
hemorrhagic fever 222
infection 222, 224
shock syndrome 220, 222–224
virus, detection of 224
Dense fibrotic scar 289
Dense lymphocytic infiltrate 198f
Dense lymphomononuclear inflammation 366f
Dense submucosal leukemic infiltrate 41f
Dense thick fibrinous 545
Denys-Drash syndrome 502
Deoxyadenosine, accumulation of 464
Deranged liver function tests, mildly 729
Dermal dendrocytes 426
Dermatopathic lymphadenopathy 438
Descending artery, left anterior 594f
Descending thoracic aorta 269f, 366
Detrusor muscle
fibers 693
hypertrophy of 640f
replacement of 694f
Deuterology 276
Diabetes
history of 126
mellitus 199, 200, 247, 281
Diabetic nephropathy 500
Diamniotic placenta 653
Diaphragmatic hernia 699
Diarrhea 61, 189, 193, 301, 394, 715
Diastolic mitral regurgitation 265
Dichlorodiphenyl-trichloro-ethane 74
Diffuse islet cell hyperplasia 731
Diffuse meningitis, source of origin of 536
Diffuse nesidioblastosis 718
DiGeorge syndrome 602
Digital subtraction angiography 176
Digits, gangrene of 281
Dihydrorhodamine 364, 475
Dilated Bowman's space 490
Dilated pelvicalyceal system 655, 656f, 679f
Dilated ureters 593f, 615, 693f, 697
Diplococcus pneumoniae 173
Direct Coombs test 729
Disseminated angioinvasive aspergillosis 573
Disseminated aspergillus infection 569
Disseminated bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection 457
Disseminated congenital cytomegalovirus infection 507
Disseminated cryptococcal infection 523, 553, 556
Disseminated cryptococcomas 523, 526
mimicking disseminated malignancy 523
Disseminated disease 557
Disseminated histoplasmosis 524
Disseminated intravascular coagulation 38, 41, 96, 176, 181, 444, 730
Disseminated miliary tuberculosis 536, 544
Disseminated nonreactive tuberculosis 478
Disseminated staphylococcus 391
Disseminated tuberculosis 80, 394, 395, 552
Distal nephrons 666
Distal vagina 635
Distended abdomen 691, 722, 726
Distended urinary bladder 638, 692
Distorted urinary bladder 613f
Diverticulitis 189
Dog bite, history of 157
Dolichocephaly 507
Doll's eye reflex 292
Dorfman disease 427
Dorsal hemivertebrae 699
Dorsalis pedis 378
D-penicillamine challenge test, positive 235
Drash syndrome 494, 502
Droplet nuclei containing bacilli, inhalation of 534
Drug rash 571
Ductal plate malformation 658–661, 683, 685, 687
diagnosis of 658, 683
Dumb rabies 162
Duodenal biopsy 194
Duodenal mucosa 6
Duodenal obstruction 475
Duodenum 10f, 32f, 62, 237f, 556f
C-loop of 551f
Duplex kidney 633, 634
Dysarthria 538
Dysfunctional uterine bleed 324
Dysmorphic facies 489, 494
Dysphagia 538
Dysplasia 608, 611, 630, 699, 711
absence of 660
hallmark of 676
unilateral 605, 626
Dysplastic Hassall's corpuscle 458
Dysplastic kidney 604, 605, 613
solid 612
unilateral 628
Dysplastic megakaryocytes, clusters of 25f
Dysplastic renal parenchyma, upper pole 634
Dyspnea 78, 126, 135, 281, 307, 323, 356
Dystonia 544
Dysuria 523
E
Eagle-Barrett syndrome 694
Ear
anomalies 686
discharge 523
Ecchymotic patches 38
Echinocytes 728
Echocardiography 185, 388, 394, 490
Echogenic kidneys 683
Eclampsia 291
Ectodermal dysplasia 484
Edema 25, 48f, 147, 289, 394, 442, 514, 538, 737
feet 446
Elastic fibers 270
Elastic tissue 368f
fragmentation 269f
total destruction of 358f
Elastic van Gieson stain 268, 309f, 342f, 352f, 359f
Electrocardiography 108
Electron microscopy 332, 491, 497
Elevated ferritin 440, 443, 445
Elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels 444
Elevated spinal fluid protein 429
Elevated transaminases 440, 445
Elevated triglycerides 443
Embryonal carcinoma 71, 74, 85, 89, 90f, 91, 92, 94f
cell 75
morphology of 89, 90f
Emerging infectious disease 146
Empty fetal urinary bladder 657
Encephalitic rabies 161
Encephalitis 279, 512, 513
Encephalocele, detection of 687
Encephalopathy 220, 338, 339, 443, 729, 735
End organ ischemia 104
Endarteritis obliterans 399f, 535
Endocardial sclerosis 285f
Endocardial trauma 112
Endogenous lipoid pneumonia 304
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 191
Endothelial injury, secondary 102
Endothelial proliferation 535
Endotracheal aspirate 479
Enlarged ballotable kidneys 662
Enlarged heart 257f, 290f
Enlarged hyperchromatic nuclei 177
Enlarged kidneys 9f, 612f
Enlarged liver, coronal slice of 29f, 451f
Enlarged lymph nodes 5f, 28f, 42f, 425f, 442, 448f, 515, 524
Enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes 5f, 55f, 395f, 472f
Enlarged multicystic kidneys 610f
Enlarged paraaortic lymph nodes 448f
cut section of 77f
Enlarged peripancreatic lymph nodes 5f
Enlarged slice of spleen 733f
Enlarged spleen 472f, 510f, 705f
coronal slice of 7f, 50f, 56f
Enlarged thymus 425f
Entamoeba histolytica 122f
Enterocolitis 583
Enzyme
adenosine deaminase, deficiency of 464
deficiency, mild 713
linked immunsorbent assays 147
phenol oxidase 558
Eosinophilia 301
Eosinophilic cystitis 475
Eosinophilic cytoplasm, moderate amount of 438
Eosinophilic granuloma 437
Eosinophilic granulomatosis 298, 299, 299t, 300, 320
Eosinophilic granulomatous colitis 301
Eosinophilic hyaline membranes 705
Eosinophilic pneumonia 305
Eosinophils 301
Ependymitis 274, 279
Epidermal growth factor receptor 100
Epidermis, separation of 392f
Epididymis 381
Epinephrine 284
Epistaxis 300
Epithelioid cell 150, 305, 469
composed of 469
granulomas 150, 152f, 155f, 198f, 481, 547
types 536
Epithelioid histiocytes 377f, 534
Epithelioid like cells 469, 476, 479, 515, 517f, 518f, 524
Epstein-Barr virus 144, 220, 446, 449, 452, 465, 583
infection 449
Erdheim-Chester disease 437
Erythema multiforme 301
Erythematous maculopapular
lesions 434
rashes 3, 11
skin lesions over face 3f
Erythroblastemia 733
Erythroblastosis fetalis 513
Erythroid hyperplasia 276, 648, 733, 734f
Erythrophagocytizing histiocytes 424
Erythrophagocytosis 510, 733
evidence of 731
mild 461
Erythropoikilocytosis 28
Erythroxylum coca 283
Escherichia coli 574
Esophageal
atresia 627, 699
candidiasis 498
varices 174, 212, 215
Esophagus 168, 206f, 497, 572
European Respiratory Society 100
European Swamp Fever 146
European-American lymphoma classification of lymphoid neoplasms, revised 34
Evanescent rash 443, 445
Excessive copper intake, result of 739
Exomphalos 699
Extensive acute necrotizing pneumonia 738
Extensive alveolar hemorrhage 36f, 444f, 508, 726f, 734f
Extensive amyloid deposition 62
Extensive arteritis 543, 544, 548, 552
Extensive centrizonal hemorrhagic necrosis 426, 547, 548
indicative of shock 509
Extensive cholangiolar proliferation 724f
Extensive cholestasis 531f
Extensive deposition of amyloid 64f
Extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis 15, 17, 23, 728, 730, 732
Extensive fibrosis 205f, 725
Extensive hemorrhage 737
Extensive hemorrhagic
consolidation 36f
necrosis 551
Extensive hyaline membrane 738
Extensive leukemic infiltrate 40f, 57f
Extensive loss of myelin 349f
Extensive lymphangitic carcinomatosis 97
Extensive myeloid metaplasia 27f, 28f, 81, 83f
Extensive pericellular fibrosis 205f, 741f
Extensive pleural hemorrhages 470f
Extensive pulmonary hemorrhage 25, 736
External genitalia 698, 710
Extracellular matrix 123
Extrachromosomal episome 450
Extracranial tuberculosis 543
Extradural hemorrhage 538
Extraglomerular vasculitis 302
Extrahepatic biliary 730
obstruction 178, 525
tract 704, 724
Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction 167, 168, 170
Extraintestinal amebiasis 119
Extramedullary hematopoiesis 29, 81, 509, 510, 714, 715, 730f, 734f
compatible 679
foci of 619, 678, 683, 684f, 685f, 687, 734f
Extramedullary myeloid tumor 581
Extraosseous disease 434
Extra-renal vasculitis 310
Extravascular granulomas 320
Extravascular granulomatous lesions 330
Extravascular inflammation 299
Extremities, claudication of 371
Exuberant hemophagocytosis 441f
Eyes 129, 146, 300
abnormal continuous movements of 157
yellowish discoloration of 175
F
Facial dysmorphism 514, 594, 737
Falling hemoglobin 722, 726
Fallot, adult tetralogy of 272
Familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 502
Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 423, 426
Familial juvenile nephronophthisis 676
Familial renal adysplasia 610
Fat necrosis 409f
Fatal venous thromboembolism 245
Fatigue 135, 189, 368
Febrile neutropenia 569, 574
Feeding, sweating on 514
Femoropopliteal deep vein thrombosis 109
Femoropopliteal veins 107
Fetal appearance 494
Fetal lobulations 497, 655, 656f, 657, 660, 678, 683, 693f
accentuated 684f
Fetal losses, recurrent 510
Fever 7, 45, 31, 38, 80, 135, 335, 356, 368, 374, 380, 449, 538
history of 514
prolonged 445
Fibrin 260
thrombi 41
Fibrinogen levels 440
Fibrinoid necrosis 309f, 320, 324f, 325, 341f, 344f, 377f, 545
Fibrinous pericarditis 258f, 343, 375
Fibrinous pleuritis 204, 228f
right sided 227
Fibroblastic reaction 532
Fibroblasts 121
Fibrocollagenous replacement 697
Fibrocollagenous tissue 691f, 693
and edema 694f
Fibrosis 256, 524, 529, 530f, 736
Fibrotic granulomatous nodules 523, 526, 532
Fibrotic lymph nodes 528f
Fibrous
endarteritis 535
exudates 535
scars 78
septa 178f, 204f
stroma 666f
tissue 83, 740f
Fine needle aspiration 88
cytology 71, 72f, 380, 394, 523
Finnish type congenital nephrotic syndrome 502
Firm exudate covering optic nerves 544
Flabby heart 63f
Flaccid paralysis 162
Flask-shaped
amebic ulcer, typical 120f
ulcers 123
Flavivirus 222
Flexion deformity 684
Florid
acid-fast bacilli 460
acute
glomerulitis 346
vasculitis 325, 384f
changes 267, 271
chronic
active 468
granulomatous reaction 524
cutaneous lesions 3
glomerulitis 312
granulomatous inflammation 154f
hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 452
hemophagocytosis 414, 424, 441, 442, 445, 448
lymphangitic carcinomatosis 96, 109, 112, 113f, 212
lymphocytic thyroiditis 197f
lymphohistiocytic 423
pancarditis 145
periportal cholangiolar proliferation 713f, 720, 724
pseudoacinar transformation 711
pulmonary
hemorrhage 732
nonreactive tuberculosis 485
tubulointerstitial nephritis 143, 663
Fluconazole 497
Fluid bolus 497
Flu-like illness, preceding 281
Fluorescence in situ hybridization 59
Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography 212
Focal caseous plaques 536
Focal macrovesicular steatosis 215f
Focal myocyte necrosis 286
Focal pulmonary hemorrhage 267
Focal resolving bronchopneumonia 343
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 492, 498
Follicle, small compressed 42f
Follicular lymphoma 9
Foot
gangrene 374
processes, loss of 493f
ulcer 204
wet gangrene of 374, 375
Fraction, conjugated 457
Frankly cirrhotic 715
Frasier syndrome 502
Fresh frozen plasma 424
Fröhlich syndrome 694
Fulminant disease 438
Fulminant hepatic failure 225, 231, 233, 234f
Fulminant hepatitis 172
Fulminant meningoencephalitis 530
Functionally competent mononuclear phagocytes 483
Fungal disease, common 556
Fungal hyphae 415f, 572, 572f
Fungal infections 136, 391, 551
Fungal stains negative 380
Furious rabies 161
Fused renal ectopia 155f
G
Gait impairment 138
Galactosaemia 730
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase 703, 717
electropherogram of 719f, 727f
Galactosemia 703, 706, 710–712, 716, 718–722
classical 703, 706
Gallbladder 108, 144, 168, 203f, 221f, 237f, 551f, 556f, 579f, 589f, 666f
rupture of 175
Galloway Mowat syndrome 502
Galt gene 704, 727
Gamma herpesvirus 449
Ganglion cells 82f, 705
Ganglioneuritis 162
Gartner's ducts 634
Gastroesophageal junction 173f, 213, 497
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 398
Gastrointestinal malformations 621
Gastrointestinal stromal tumor 348
Gastrointestinal tract 61, 144, 300, 426, 553, 583, 590, 698, 705
part of 436
Gaucher's disease 19
Gene 604
therapy 465, 476
Generalized lymphadenopathy 443, 452, 484, 523, 532, 553, 559
Generalized tonic-clonic seizures 272
Genetic disorders 657
Genetic polymorphisms 130
Genital opening, absent 699
Genital system 602
Genital tract secretions 511, 513
Genital tuberculosis 514
Genital ulcer 300
Genitalia 698
absent 698
Genitourinary
abnormalities 625
tract 583
Genus cryptococcus 526
Germ cell
neoplasia 91, 92
in situ 71, 74f, 77, 78
in situ, foci of 75f
non-invasive 74
neoplasms 73
tumor 74, 78, 88, 90
Gestational diabetes mellitus 612
Giant cell 135, 154, 213, 305, 313, 326, 342f, 370f, 377f, 392f, 518f, 519f, 525, 527f, 529, 529f, 530f, 532f, 555, 706f, 720
arteritis 367
histiocytes 472f
Langhans type of 150, 515, 516f, 545
plenty of 524
pneumonia, confluent necrotizing 461, 463
reaction 572
transformation 513, 718, 731f
type of 152f, 517f
Glasgow coma
scale 231, 288, 364, 538
score 225
Glial cyst, diagnosis of 546
Glial tissue 82f
Glioblastoma multiforme 272
Gliomatosis peritonei 84
Glomerular basement membrane 493f, 497, 500f
Glomerular calcification 670
Glomerular capillaries 97
endothelial cells of 509, 511f
Glomerular collapse 494
Glomerular cysts 490, 491f, 682f
Glomerular development, regulator of 499
Glomerular diseases 498, 499
Glomerular lesions 319
Glomerular tuft 503
Glomeruli 302
loss of 655
small 490
Glomerulocystic change, secondary 676
Glomerulocystic disease 601, 676
possibility of 676
Glomerulocystic histomorphology 676
Glomerulocystic kidney 669, 674, 677–679, 682
disease 669, 674, 676, 677, 680
true 676, 680
Glomerulonephritis 256, 324, 346, 352, 354
diffuse necrotizing 375
rapidly progressive 338
Glomerulus 500f
developmental arrest of 501
segment of 500f
Glucose infusion rate 508, 729
Glutaric aciduria 674, 682
Glycogenation of nuclei 238f
Glycolipid 588
Gold salts 445
Gonadoblastoma 74, 91
Gouty arthritis 26
Graft versus host disease 54
Gram negative
bacilli 574
coccobacillus 279
Gram positive bacterial infection 42, 551
Gram's stain 187
Granular cytoplasm 124
Granular ependymitis 535
Granulocytic hyperplasia 25f
Granulocytic precursors 17f
Granulocytic preponderance 15f, 16
Granulomas 134, 472f, 473f, 516f, 517, 524, 525, 537
composed
of epithelioid cells 535
of histiocytes 476
of histiocytes, small 524
high power of 517f
revealed similar 515
small 548f
typical suppurative 473f
with epithelioid cells 519f
with giant cell 471f, 519f
with lymphohistiocytic cells 518f, 519f
Granulomatosis 299, 300, 313, 320, 374, 375, 380, 382, 390, 391, 400
Granulomatous
arteritis 307, 338, 342f, 384f, 390f, 392f
disease, X-linked chronic 473
glomerular lesions 302
glomerulonephritis 299, 307, 312, 315, 316f, 324, 325f, 330, 338, 339, 346
inflammation 13, 153f, 371, 300, 375
necrotizing arteritis 326
reaction 77
vasculitis 303, 375, 377f, 391
Graves’ disease 199
Great arteries 566
transposition of 563, 564
Grocott's stain 56, 58f, 135, 140, 208f, 408f, 409f, 416f–418f, 524, 528, 556f, 572
Gum hypertrophy 45
Gum swelling 47
H
Haemorrhage, smaller foci of 43f
Hairy cell leukemia 9, 351
Hard irregular liver 716, 719
Hashimoto's disease 195
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 199
Hassall's corpuscles 441, 441f, 466, 469
Head circumference 638, 690, 692
Headache 147, 443, 538
Healed vasculitis 336f
Healing arteritis 384f
Healing vasculitis 351f, 353f
Hearing loss 138
Heart 6, 24, 62, 108, 129, 143, 151, 185, 203, 214, 246, 273, 286, 308, 319, 332, 336f, 339, 343f, 358, 364, 375, 381, 391, 396, 409, 429f, 433f, 509, 551, 564, 589, 649, 732
apical slice of 186f
coronal slice of 248f
defects 686
disease 283
congenital 276, 515, 521, 540, 627
congenital cyanotic 563
failure
cells 29, 285f
congestive 350, 372
features of 23
left side of 364
lung complex 632f, 644f
organ complex of 564f
predominant involvement of 61
right side of 365
Hematemesis 175
Hematochezia 104
Hematogenous dissemination 137
Hematologic neoplasia 80, 86
Hematological disorder 512
Hematology 722
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation 484
Hematuria 96, 281, 307, 310, 312, 333, 405
history of 662
microscopic 103, 262
Hemiplegia 374
Hemobilia 175
Hemochromatosis, congenital 673
Hemoglobin 96, 545, 577
normal 126
Hemogram 14, 47, 61, 107, 142, 167, 255, 272, 446, 496, 508, 662, 723t, 728
sequential 569, 570t
serial 577t
Hemolytic anemia 713
possibility of 737
Hemolytic disease 732, 733
of newborn, neonate with 728
Hemolytic uremic syndrome 98, 412
Hemopericardium 256
Hemoperitoneum 178
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 53, 57, 60, 426, 445, 446, 449, 452, 453
secondary 34, 446
Hemophagocytizing
histiocytes 450f
macrophages 442f, 444
Hemophagocytosis 53, 440, 442, 442f, 443, 447, 448, 738
secondary 33
Hemoptysis 78, 126, 307, 310, 313, 380
Hemorrhage 18f, 36f, 206f, 289, 322f, 342f, 383f, 386f, 410f, 418f, 442, 444, 480f, 509f, 720f
area of 718
conjunctival 378
diffuse pulmonary 329
slit 291
syndrome, diffuse pulmonary 305
Hemorrhagic consolidation 57f, 612f
Hemorrhagic discoloration 418f, 462f
Hemorrhagic fluid 663, 667
Hemorrhagic lesions 580f
Hemorrhagic necrosis 29, 551f, 552
area of 58f
diffuse 580
indicating shock 663
Hemorrhagic pleural effusion 6
Hemorrhagic rash 147
Hemorrhagic ulcer 573f
Hemosiderin-Laden macrophages 29, 285f
Hemosiderosis 715
secondary 23, 25, 57, 573
Henoch-Schönlein purpura 297, 307, 320
Hepatic
abscesses 475
amebiasis 123
arterioles, terminal 169
artery 189f, 191, 192, 732f, 735
coma 124
complex, primary 485
duct 175, 182f
common 182f
dysfunction 523
encephalopathy 175, 225, 236
fibrosis, congenital 658, 659
metastasis 176, 181
microcirculation 168
necrosis 227f
vein 108, 704
disease 170
large 170, 179
small 179
venous outflow obstruction 179
Hepatitis 449, 507, 512, 513, 533, 710
A virus 220
B 351
virus surface antigen 225
C virus 144, 204, 212, 217, 220
infection 207, 210, 213, 216, 217, 219
classical ischemic 552
E 233
related massive hepatic necrosis 231
viral infection 233, 234
virus 220, 225
virus infection 234
Hepatocellular carcinoma 175, 176, 178, 180, 183, 209, 213, 215
diffuse 212
invasion 178
Hepatocytes 29f, 509, 552, 713f, 731f
diffuse degeneration of 741
loss of 146f
Hepatocytic damage, diffuse 742
Hepatocytic loss 121
areas of 227f
Hepatocytic necrosis 736
Hepatosplenic lymphoma 31, 35
Hepatosplenic T-cell
lymphoma 31, 33, 35, 36
non-Hodgkin lymphoma 33
Hepatosplenomegaly 53, 59, 428, 440, 443, 445, 484, 508, 512, 722, 726, 735, 737, 742
Herditary renal adysplasia 610
Hereditary lesions 601
Hereditary renal adysplasia 601, 606, 608–610, 653, 654
Hereditary syndromes 601
Heritable malformation syndromes 674
Herpes simplex virus 452
Herpesvirus 229, 703
Heterophile antibody reaction, positive 452
Heterozygous mutation 725
Hiccoughs, complaints of 662
High-resolution computed tomography 53
Hilar 441, 448, 460, 524, 552
lymph node 518f, 521
lymphadenopathy 88
Histiocytes 474f, 525, 532
and epithelioid-like cells 469, 476
exhibited florid hemophagocytosis 448
sinusoidal distribution of 438
Histiocytic disorders 426
classification of 427
Histiocytic granuloma 470f, 472f, 474f, 476
Histoplasma 136
Histoplasmosis 523, 530
Homogenous pink cytoplasm and reniform, moderate amount of 433
Horse shoe kidneys 699
Hospital acquired infection 552
Host's immune system 130
Human chorionic gonadotropin 71
Human immunodeficiency virus 126, 220, 544, 553, 556, 560
disease 554
diagnosis of 559
infection 130, 138, 278, 484, 551
Human leukocyte antigen 53
Humoral immunity 137
secondary involvement of 463
Hyaline membrane formation
evidence of 491
microscopic examination 442
Hyaline membranes 479, 718, 720f
formation 49f, 433, 442, 470f, 497, 508, 509f, 741f
Hyalinizing granulomas 135
Hydrocephalus 512, 513, 534, 535, 542, 604, 686, 699
Hydrochlorthiazide 669
Hydrocortisone 538
Hydronephrosis 640, 694
congenital 601, 607
Hydrops fetalis 594
Hydroureteronephrosis 689, 697
congenital 636
bilateral 679
Hydroureters 638
Hydroxyl radical 473
Hyperacute liver failure 225
Hyperbilirubinemia 107, 112, 124, 167, 428, 513, 532
conjugated 119, 212, 710, 715, 728, 729
rising 722, 726
Hypercalcemia 61, 532
Hypercellular marrow spaces 25f, 54f
Hyperchromasia 213, 217f
Hyperchromatic nuclei 77
Hyperchromatic pleomorphic cells 84f
Hyperechogenic kidneys 694
Hyperechoic enlarged kidneys 657
Hyperferritinemia 444, 446, 452, 736
Hyperleukocytosis, pathophysiology of 44
Hyperlipidemia 496
Hypernatremia 538
Hyperphosphatemia 495
Hyperplastic podocytes 497
Hypersensitivity vasculitis 297
Hypertension 103, 126, 281, 291, 307, 368
cause of 587
Hypertensive cerebrovascular disease 291
Hypertensive crisis 587, 595
Hypertensive encephalopathy 291
Hypertensive nephropathy 500
Hyperthyroidism 199
Hypertonia 544
Hypertriglyceridemia 428, 440, 444–446, 452
Hypertrophied muscle bundles 617f
Hypertrophied myocytes 186f
Hypertrophied podocytes 500f
Hypertrophied urinary bladder 601, 615, 636, 637f, 678, 679, 680f, 690f, 695
Hypertrophied vacuolated podocytes 503
Hypertrophy 182f, 248, 664
Hypoadrenalism 395
Hypoalbuminemia 119, 405, 428, 446, 452, 489, 497, 722, 726
severe 495
Hypoattenuating thrombus 185f
Hypocalcemia 495
Hypocellular bone marrow 573
Hypochloremia 496
Hypochromia, mild 423
Hypodysplasia 601, 605
Hypodysplastic kidneys 621
Hypofibrinogenemia 428, 444, 452
Hypoglycemia 508, 587, 716, 719, 729, 735
complaints of 507
Hypokalemia 142, 147, 496
Hyponatremia 428, 443, 496, 716, 719
Hypopigmented macules 478
Hypoplasia 279, 608, 611, 699
area of 655
blending abruptly 655
primary 171
simple 603, 653
Hypoplastic kidneys 643f, 646
Hypoplastic lungs 603, 607, 618, 632f, 640f, 644f, 659, 683, 685, 692f, 699
Hypoplastic pulmonary artery 274f
Hypoplastic sacrum 698
Hypoproteinemia 405, 428, 489, 496, 722, 726
severe 495
Hypospadias 74
Hypotension 149, 489, 652
Hypothyroid 507
Hypothyroidism 61
Hypovolemic shock 549
Hypoxia 45, 515
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy 623
Hypoxic neurons 160f
I
Icterus 212, 332, 432, 538, 737
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura 199
Ileocaecal tuberculosis 398
Ileocecal valve 123, 580
Ilium 374, 375, 379
Imipenem 405
Immature bone 82f
Immature cartilage 82f
Immature cells 570f
Immature lymphocytes 464
Immature mesenchyme 619, 621f, 634, 635f, 684f, 691f
collar of 683, 690
Immature teratomas 84
Immune disorders 502
Immune proliferative small intestinal disease 193, 395
Immune response, termination of 430
Immunocompetent hosts 523
Immunodeficiency
primary 462
severe combined 457, 463, 479
syndrome 482
type of underlying 465
well-defined 465
Immunoglobulins 318, 460
transplacental transfer of 466
Immunohistochemistry 448, 450f, 458, 517
Immunoperoxidase stain 319
Impaired granuloma formation 485
Impaired hepatocyte function 703
Impaired interferon gamma 483
Impaired spermatogenesis 74
Imperforate anus 691, 698, 699
Indian Childhood Cirrhosis 737, 738
typical 738
Indian Council of Medical Research 742
Induction therapy 569
Infantile cholestasis syndrome 715
diagnosis of 710
Infantile nephrotic syndrome 487, 496, 498, 501, 503
Infantile systemic lupus erythematosus 502
Infarction, areas of 208f
Infected amniotic fluid, aspiration of 514, 517, 520
Infection
congenital 510, 511, 513
direct extension of 191
nonspecific 475
primary 534
focus of 514, 517
recurrent 667
Infectious mononucleosis 449, 452
diagnosis of 452
Infective endocarditis 281
Infective suppurative thrombosis 187
Inferior vena cava 88, 107, 108, 176, 350f, 414f
Inflammation, total absence of 560
Inflammatory bowel disease 188, 397
Inflammatory cells 132, 384f, 438
Inflammatory glomerulopathy 500
Inflammatory infiltrate 297, 564
Inflammatory meningitis, produce diffuse 536
Inflammatory myopathy 193, 194
Infrahepatic inferior vena cava 88
Inguinal lymph nodes 554
Inlet sphincters 169
Insulin
immunohistochemistry 720f
immunostain 512f
Intact ventricular septum 566
Intercellular adhesion molecule 45
Intercostal draining tube 479
Intercostal recessions 478
Intercostal retractions 623
Interferon gamma 476, 482
Interferon regulatory factor 8 483
Interlobar artery 103f, 298, 341f, 352f
Interlobular arter, 317f, 326f, 341f, 342f, 377f
Interlobular septae, thickened 515
Intermittent fever 410
Intermittent positive pressure respiration 288, 544, 612, 638, 729
Intermittent-mandatory ventilation, pressure-synchronized 729
Internal carotid artery 535
Internal elastic lamina 282, 309f, 336f, 342f, 352f, 377f, 384f
destruction of 359f
reduplication of 292
International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides 297
International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group 77
International League of Associations for Rheumatology 443
Interpeduncular fossa 534, 539, 544, 545f
Interstitial connective tissue 258
Interstitial fibrosis 284, 284f, 286, 663
Interstitial inflammation 352f, 492f, 509, 670, 673f
Interstitial lung disease 115
Interstitial nephritis 512, 513
Interstitial pneumonitis 512
Intestinal amebiasis 119, 123
Intestinal obstruction 188
Intestine
large 556, 572, 574f
malrotation of 699
small 10f, 40, 41, 41f, 108, 458, 466, 548, 555, 559f, 572, 590, 591
and large 112f
ulceration, small 42
Intimal fibrosis 351f, 352f, 368f, 384f
hyperplasia 535
Intra-acinar arterioles 732
Intracapillary hydrostatic pressure 499
Intracellular bacteria, affects killing of 465
Intracranial hemorrhage 288, 291, 292
Intracranial neoplasm 291
Intracranial pressure 544, 552
Intractable myocardial failure 395
Intrahepatic bile ducts 168, 728
paucity of 733, 735
Intrahepatic biliary radical dilatation 723
mild 716, 717, 719
Intrahepatic portal vein 185f
Intrahepatocytic copper associated proteins 237
Intralobular arteries 351f, 493f
Intraparenchymal arteries, small 300
Intraparenchymal brain hemorrhage 288
Intraparenchymal hemorrhage 291
Intrapulmonary spread, incidence of 99
Intrauterine
death 657
fetal death 657
growth retardation 508, 612
infection 508
Intravenous antibiotics 457, 722
Intravenous immunoglobulins 457, 468, 729
Intravenous urography 660
Invasive adenocarcinoma 101
Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma 100
Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis 57
Ipsilateral Sylvian fissure 126
Ischemic
heart disease 247
hepatitis 544, 547–549, 552
injury, resistant to 551
neurons 289, 289f
comprising of 540
scars 350f
Ischiorectal abscess 468
Islet cell hyperplasia 507, 510, 512f, 513, 720f, 733f
diffuse 720f, 733
Islets of Langerhans 194
Isseminated miliary tubercles 536
Ivemark syndrome 660, 674, 682
J
Jaundice 13, 20, 31, 35, 124, 133, 148, 201, 220, 236, 443, 446, 496, 512, 514, 573f
history of 587
Jeune asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy syndrome 676
Joint
pains 281, 310, 323, 338, 378, 446
swelling 523
Jugular venous pressure 193, 245, 255, 281, 332, 363, 394, 446, 553
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis 440
systemic-onset 440
Juvenile Parkinson's disease 195
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 427, 444
Juvenile varieties 660
Juvenile xanthogranuloma 427, 437
Juxtaglomerular apparatus hyperplasia 292
K
Kawasaki disease 320, 445
Kayser-Fleischer ring 235, 238, 241
Keratitis 300
Key hole sign 641
Kidneys 5, 24, 41, 51f, 56, 62, 109, 151, 168, 203, 208f, 214, 226, 236, 246, 256, 286, 290, 292f, 299, 300, 324, 327, 330, 333, 333f, 339, 343, 351f, 374, 377f, 381, 382, 386f, 391f, 405, 415f, 416f, 461, 490f, 509, 513, 517, 525, 548, 551, 573, 590, 601, 620f, 630f, 637, 644f, 647, 656f, 658f, 671f, 672f, 718, 731, 734f
biopsy 331, 332, 333
capsular surface of 385f
cut section of 340f, 385f, 656f, 672f, 684f, 679f, 696
external appearance 696
external aspect of 340f
glomerular endothelial cells of 512
interlobar artery of 343
interstitium of 430f
photomicrographs of 144f
small 620
ureters, and bladder 430f
Killer lymphocytes, lysine of 123
Kimmelstiel-Wilson disease 293
Klebsiella pneumoniae 190, 508, 662, 667
Knuckle hyperpigmentation 523
Kupffer cell 29f, 56, 426
proliferation 209
Kyphoscoliosis 623, 698, 699
L
Lactate dehydrogenase 428, 545
Lacunar infarcts 291
Laminin beta 2 502
Langerhans cells 426, 434f, 435f, 438
clonal accumulation of 434
collections of 437
excess of 434
histiocytosis 427, 433–434, 434f, 435f, 436, 436f, 437, 437f
classification of 437t
histopathology of 438
pathogenesis of 438
infiltrates of 438
Langhans giant cells 151, 396, 481, 539
Latent membrane protein-1 450
Left bronchopleural fistula 479
Left cerebellar hemisphere 127
Left circumflex arteries 184, 590
Left inferior frontal cortex 545
Left intrahepatic biliary radicals 167
Left kidney 626, 627f, 629f, 631f, 632, 633, 634f
Left multicystic dysplastic kidney 627, 628
Left renal
agenesis 632
artery 246
infarcts 246
Left subclavian artery 264, 266, 267f, 269f, 364, 368f
Left upper limb 272
Left ventricular
dilatation 264
hypertrophy 288, 365f, 662, 664, 666, 667
systolic dysfunction 264
wall hypertrophy 29
Leg, swelling of 201
Leproma-like granulomas 461, 466
Leptomeningeal
exudates, thick grayish 539
metastasis, diagnosis of 101
space, fibrous obliteration of 535
Leptospira 143, 145–148, 220
proliferate 147
serology for 440
Leptospirosis 142, 145
Lesions, main type of 131
Lethal ciliopathy 685
Lethargy 514
history of 703
Letterer-Siwe disease 437
Leukemia 102
cutis 19
Leukemic cells 56f
total replacement by 48
Leukemic infiltration 41
Leukocyte 121
induced damage 549
Leukocytosis 142, 220, 716, 719
Leukopenia 443, 444
Levamisole 285
Levofloxacin 405
Leydig cell hyperplasia 73, 78, 695
Lichen planus 207
Lichtheimia 414
Lidney tumor nodule 219f
Life-threatening syndrome 452, 453
Limb
claudication 281
movements, paucity of 523
Lipidogram 489, 495
Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy of pancreas 193–195, 200
Lipopolysaccharide coated slides 475
Liposomal amphotericin-B 54
Lissencephaly syndrome 601
Livedo reticularis 301
Liver 5, 14f, 17f, 24, 32f, 41, 56f, 62, 80, 88, 108, 129, 135, 151, 171f, 176, 180f, 194, 201, 204f–206f, 210, 215f, 221, 228f, 238f, 274, 282, 343, 345f, 381, 391, 396, 441, 448, 473f, 508, 510, 513, 517, 519f, 523–526, 530, 548, 556f, 572, 579f, 592, 648, 666f, 683, 685, 706, 706f, 709, 713f, 715, 730, 730f, 740f
abscess 119, 125, 189f
biopsy 593
capsular aspect of 203f, 214f, 397f
cells
degenerated 121
loss of 552
cirrhosis of 236
complex of 448f
coronal slice of 56f, 177f, 178f, 392f, 685f, 705f
cut-section of 203f, 214f
disease 233, 238
apparent evidence of 740
disorders 701
enzymes 119
function tests 35, 96, 142, 220, 236, 288, 312, 450, 489, 495, 710, 715, 716, 719, 737, 742
hard echotexture of 716
microphotographs of 216f
organ complex of 675f
primary complex in 520
section of 233f
transplantation 240
Lobar disorganization 678
Lobe, posterior-superior 124
Lobular architecture, microscopic examination 441
Lobular inflammation, foci of 144, 146f
Lobulation cirrhosis, reversed 180
Local portal tract disease 171
Loop of
duodenum 666f
Henle's 670, 674f
Loose connective tissue 610, 619
Loose stools 514, 523
Low hemoglobin 715
Low infundibular stenosis 277
Low platelets 722, 726
Low set ears 699
Lowe syndrome 502
Lower body segment defects 699
Lower facial muscles 157
Lower limb
short 699
swelling of 201
Lower respiratory tract 300
Lower segment cesarean section 507
Lower urinary tract abnormalities 603
Low-grade fever 26, 96
Lumbar
meningomyelocele 638
spine, short deformed 699
vertebrae, compression of 61
Lumbosacral spine 699
Lumen of duct 182f
Lungs 5, 16, 18, 24, 29, 47, 49f, 62, 72, 88, 107, 121, 134, 168, 178, 182f, 187, 203, 206f, 222f, 227, 232, 246, 252f, 282, 290, 308, 319, 326, 332, 339, 342f, 348, 360f-362f, 370f, 375, 377f, 379, 381, 389, 396, 399f, 409, 411f, 433f, 442, 463f, 480f, 509f, 513, 517f, 521, 525, 548, 564, 571, 572f, 591, 648, 675f, 718, 720f, 725, 732, 738, 741f
abscesses 475
adenocarcinoma 99, 105
classification of 105
cancer 105
carcinomas 104
cut-section of 48f, 57f, 206f, 317f, 322f, 720f
endothelial cells of 512
extensive alveolar hemorrhage 469
hypoplasia 612, 642, 659, 698
oligohydramnios 640
mass 383f, 384f
nodule 21f
parenchyma 97, 515
pathology 303, 305
pleural aspect of 228f, 309f, 389f
primary complex in 517
small arteries of 565f
upper lobes of 398f
Lymph nodes 4, 5f, 6f, 15, 18f, 28f, 32, 35f, 42f, 50f, 73, 109, 134, 144, 149, 152f, 153, 274, 338, 345f, 395, 418f, 423, 426, 435f, 441, 442f, 448, 449f, 450f, 458, 465, 468, 480f, 482f, 509, 515, 523–526, 529f, 530f, 552, 578, 589, 591, 592, 706, 731, 734f
draining 534
granuloma 518f
para-aortic 73, 77f, 414f
section of 460f
sinus of 472f, 708f
suppurative granuloma 518f
supraclavicular 71, 73, 78
Lymphadenopathy 133, 432, 440, 443, 445, 538, 554, 558, 716
Lymphangitic carcinomatosis 94f, 108, 110, 215, 219f
Lymphocytes 135, 138, 260, 458, 525, 529, 530, 532, 539
Lymphocytes count, absolute 460
devoid of 465
diffuse infiltrate of 429
largely of 535
phenotypes, unique 464
small 448
tiny remnants of 459f
Lymphocytic
infiltration 194, 197f
lymphoma, small 57
thyroiditis 194
Lymphocytopenia, severe 460
Lymphohistiocytic
cells 515, 516f-518f
collections of 515
granulomas 517
multiple confluent 515
infiltrate 431, 516f, 517f, 545
moderate 441
Lymphoid
aggregates 304
cells 54f, 435f
aggregates of 433
devoid of 466
depletion 448, 457, 463, 556
severe 466
total 460
organs 458
rich organs 466
tissue 441f, 472f, 524
adequate amount of 479
amount of 520f
depletion of 459f
devoid of 458f
Lymphoma 80, 102, 126, 526, 583
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis 136, 305
Lymphomononuclear
cell 127, 740f
dense collection of 358f
infiltrate 238f, 704
infiltrate, mild 227f
Lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas 9
Lymphoreticular system 449
Lyssavirus 160
M
Macrocytes 423, 728
Macronodular cirrhosis 237
Macronodules 238f
Macrophages 260, 441, 441f, 524, 525, 529, 665f
activation syndrome 440, 442, 443, 445
excess of 469
exhibit hemophagocytosis 431
infiltration 546
phenotype 427
related histiocytic sarcoma 427
Macrovesicular steatosis 202
diffuse 461f, 711, 713f, 725f
Main pulmonary artery 274, 565f
dilated 369f
Malabsorption syndrome 394, 395
Malaise 189, 368
Malaria and dengue, tests for 97
Malarial parasite 220
smears for 440
Malformation syndromes 601
Malignancy adult cases 69
Malignant cells 33f, 96, 97
Malignant disorders 427, 437
Malignant teratoma 80, 82, 85
Mallory's bodies 202, 206f, 209, 239, 241
Mallory's hyaline 213, 725, 738, 742
abundant 741
Malnutrition, severe 400
Malt lymphoma 584
Mammillary bodies 534, 539
Mantle cell lymphoma 3, 6–8, 11, 210f, 309f
Mantoux test 484, 544
Marfan's syndrome 264, 265, 267, 270, 271
hallmark of 270
Marginal zone lymphoma 9
Marshall scarlet blue stain 97
Massive hepatic necrosis 232f, 233
Massive lymphadenopathy 53, 59, 437
Massive proteinuria 494
Masson bodies, formation of 411f
Masson's trichrome 180f, 248f, 491, 590f
stain 26f, 120, 213, 215f, 216f, 228f, 233f, 236, 238f, 259f, 289, 292, 492f, 497, 531f, 551f, 589, 659, 685f, 717f, 738, 739f, 740f
Maternal genital tract, tuberculous infection of 485, 520
Maternal infection, primary 510
Mature cartilage 82f
Mature teratomas 83
Mayer's mucicarmine 140
Meckel syndrome 601
Meckel-Gruber syndrome 613, 660, 674, 682–685
diagnosis of 683, 684
Meconium
aspiration syndrome 627
delayed passage of 514
Mediastinal germ cell tumors 86
Mediastinal lymph nodes 435f, 479
Mediastinal mass 381, 387, 433
Mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors 86
Medical termination of pregnancy 632, 692
Medium vessel vasculitis 298
Medulla 539, 540
Medullary congestion 319f, 497
Medullary cystic disease 660
Medullary cysts 601
Megacystis 694
Megakaryocytes 26, 83f, 85f, 447f, 461, 733
Melena 378
Membranes, preterm rupture of 626
Meningeal carcinomatosis 96, 99, 101, 104
Meningeal granulomas 541f
Meningeal signs 443
Meningeal vessels 97
Meninges 548
Meninges over cerebral convexities 534
Meningitis 279, 412, 423, 557
surrounding 536
Meningoencephalitis 449, 534, 557
life-threatening 526
severe 428
Meningomyelocele 604
Mermaid syndrome 698, 699
Meropenem 413
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis 498
Mesangial sclerosis 465, 503
diffuse 494, 496–498, 500, 502, 503
Mesenteric artery 297, 301
Mesenteric lymph nodes 448
Mesenteric vasculitis 394, 398, 400
Mesenteric vein, branches of 251f
Mesenteric vessels 408f
Mesentery 61, 395, 406
Mesoatrial shunt 175
Mesodermal arrest theory 695
Mesonephric duct 602
Messenger ribonucleic acid 8
Metabolic acidosis 508, 676
Metabolic liver disease 711, 725
Metaplastic cartilage 634, 685f, 687
Metaplastic renal parenchyma 680f
Metastasis 96
of malignant teratomas 86
Metastatic bone disease 96
Metastatic carcinoma 71, 93
Metastatic testicular tumor 94
Metastatic tumor 94f
nodules 76
nodules, large 93f
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 574
Methotrexate 445
Methylprednisolone 445
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia 104
Microbial infections 549
Microbial sepsis 549
Microcephaly 507, 508, 512, 513, 683, 686
Microcirculatory periphery of acinus 552
Microcytes 423
Microcytic hypochromic anemia 508
Microelisa 715
Microglial hyperplasia 163
Microglial nodules 163
Microglial reaction 535
Micrognathia 684, 686
Micromegakaryocyte 27
Micronodular cirrhosis 201, 204, 711, 712f, 719, 742
Micronutrient deficiency, features of 496, 497
Microphthalmia 686
Microscopic polyangiitis, positive 343
Microvascular endothelial injury 102
Microvillous transformation 491
Midbrain 522, 539, 540, 542f, 548
Middle cerebral artery 535
Middle infundibular stenosis 277
Miliary nodules 525
tiny white 397f
Miliary spread to liver 517
Miliary tubercles 536, 549, 550f
Miliary tuberculosis 536, 548
Mimicking granulomatosis 323
Minimal change disease 498, 500
Minimal mesangial cell 497
proliferation 503
Miscellaneous disorders 601
Mitosis 213
Mitral regurgitation 255
Mitral valve 63, 112, 247f, 256, 259f, 282, 290f, 594f
leaflet, sections of 64f
normal 182f
prolapse 664
Mobilizes antimicrobial peptides 534
Molluscum-like lesions 558
Mongolian slant 642
Monocyte related-monocytic leukemia 437
Monocytic leukemia 427
Monodermal teratomas 83
Mononuclear cell infiltrate 655
Mononuclear phagocytes, predominance of 537
Mononucleosis 452
Mouth ulcer 300
Moyamoya disease 291
Mucicarmine 135, 524
stain 555f
Mucin producing 97
Mucin secreting adenocarcinoma 107, 109, 112
Mucoraceae 414
Mucormycetes 415
Mucormycosis 204, 407f
B, fungal profiles of 408f
fungal hyphae of 408f, 409f
hyphae of 415f
Mucormycotic cystitis 413
Mucosa
associated lymphoid tissue 576
hemorrhagic necrosis of 581f
transmural coagulative necrosis of 410f
Mucosal bleeds 444
Mucosal candidiasis 496, 497
Mud fever 146
Müllerian duct aplasia 602, 606
Multicystic dysplasia 601, 605, 626, 633
Multicystic dysplastic kidneys 615
recurrent bilateral 609
Multicystic encephalomalacia 653
Multicystic kidneys 609
Multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma 212
Multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma 181
Multinucleated giant cells 438
Multi-organ dysfunction 544
diagnosis of 324
Multi-organ failure 202
Multiple abscesses 370f
Multiple cysts 651f
Multiple epithelioid cell granulomas 155f
Multiple hypodense lesions 14f
Multiple liver abscesses 188f, 194
Multiple mediastinal lymph nodes 433
Multiple metastatic tumor nodules 76f
Multiple nodules 88
and cavitation 523
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome 570
Multiple peripheral infarcts, large 252f
Multiple pulmonary
infarcts 246
nodules 388
Multiple pyogenic liver abscesses 187
Multiple scattered granulomas 525
Multiple seizure episodes 544
Multiple skin nodules 3
Multiple tumor nodules 177f
Multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis 432, 434
Mural thrombosis 245, 253
Muscle 6, 381, 382
fibers
destruction of 694f
regeneration of 198f
Muscularis mucosae and submucosa 173f
Muscularis propria 581, 581f
Myalgias 368
Mycobacterial disease 478, 485
Mycobacterial infection 536
Mycobacterial tuberculosis 534
Mycobacterium abscessus 478, 481, 484
Mycobacterium bovis 462, 465
culture plate of 466
infection 485
strain of 466
Mycobacterium tuberculosis 136, 155, 478, 515, 517, 536, 549
infection 465, 466, 534
Myelin
loss of 652f
stain 349f
Myelinolysis 237
Myelodysplastic syndrome 583
Myelofibrosis
morphology of primary 28
primary 13, 17, 18, 23, 25, 28
Myeloid cells 85f
Myeloid metaplasia 23, 29, 29f, 30
Myeloid sarcoma 577, 581, 584
of lacrimal sac 576
Myeloid series of cells 733f
Myeloma kidney 62
Myeloperoxidase 14, 15f, 41f, 301
cytochemistry 570f
immunohistochemistry 730f
Myeloproliferative disorder 19, 82, 179
Myenteric plexus 706
Myocardial infarction 98, 187, 245, 246, 284, 286, 350, 549
Myocardial ischemia 284
Myocarditis 258
Myocardium 51f, 258, 284f, 285f
Myocyte 285f
hypertrophy 284, 286
Myogenin 577
Myositis 53, 59
Myxomatous degeneration 266, 590
of mitral valve 264
N
Nail patella syndrome 502
Nasal
blockage 323
discharge 323
mucosa 583
Nasolacrimal duct 576
Nasopharyngeal aspirate 479
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma 449
Nausea 147, 189
Neck, right side of 446
Necrosis 530f
areas of 21f
central areas of 214f, 217f
Necrotic chondrocytes 465
Necrotic hepatocytes, periphery of 552
Necrotizing bronchopneumonia 547, 548, 718, 720f
Necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis 310, 338
Necrotizing glomerulitis 313
diffuse 377f
Necrotizing glomerulonephritis 339
Necrotizing granulomatous inflammation 382
Necrotizing pneumonia 220
Necrotizing sarcoid 305
granulomatosis 305
Necrotizing scleritis 300
Necrotizing tracheitis 375
Negative urinary glycosaminoglycans 588
Negri bodies 157, 163
Neonatal
cholestasis syndrome, diagnosis of 710
giant cell 429
hemochromatosis 736
hepatitis 509, 594
infection 510
jaundice 508
sepsis 514, 730
late onset 508
Neoplastic germ cell 75
Nephrectomy
partial 655
specimen, partial 655
Nephrin 492
Nephritic syndrome 318
Nephritis 299
associated plasmin receptor 261
Nephrogenic cord 602
Nephrolithiasis 405, 409, 660, 664
Nephropathy, drash syndrome consists of 502
Nephrotic range proteinuria 489, 495, 496
Nephrotic syndrome 318, 492, 495, 497
congenital 489–492, 495, 498, 500, 501
in childhood 498
Nerve cells of myenteric plexus 705
Nesidioblastosis 720f
Neurofilament protein 348, 349f, 546
Neurological deficit 446
Neuronal cell 163
Neuronophagia 163
Neutropenia, prolonged 574
Neutropenic
colitis 583
enterocolitis 583
Neutrophilia 405
Neutrophilic leukocytosis 443
Neutrophilic satellitosis 213, 742
Neutrophils 206f, 301, 433, 540
collections of 517f
count, absolute 574
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate 470
Niemann-Pick cells 587, 592f, 594f, 703, 705, 705f, 707f, 708f
in alveolar spaces 594f
positivity in 707f
Niemann-Pick disease 587, 591, 703, 706
Night sweats 7, 368
Nitric oxide, stimulates formation of 534
Nitroblue tetrazolium test 364, 468, 469, 476
Nocardia 475
Nodular
cirrhosis, mixed 212, 214f, 215
interstitial fibrosis 304
lesions 176, 434
regenerative hyperplasia 176
sclerosis 19
skin lesions over face 3f
Nodules 730
center of 180f
in liver 532
in lungs 532
in spleen 532
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 98
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis 109, 111, 115
Non-blanchable purpuric spots 508
Non-caseating granulomas 539
Noncirrhotic portal fibrosis 513
Nonclassic rabies 162
Nonconsanguineous marriage 423, 514, 737
Non-contrast computerized tomography 220, 405
Nongranulomatous vasculitis 303
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 33, 207, 397
Nonimmune hydrops 661
fetalis 657, 658
Nonmyeloablative allogeneic bone marrow transplantation 53
Nonreactive florid tuberculosis 485
Nonreactive tuberculosis 397, 400, 479
Nonresponding fever 443
Non-seminomatous
germ cell tumors 77, 91
metastasis 78
testicular tumors 75
tumors 74, 75, 91
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 374, 445
Nonsyndromic alagille syndrome 733, 735
Nontubercular mycobacterial infection 484
Nontuberculous mycobacteria 482
Nontyphoidal salmonella 475, 484
Norepinephrine 284
Nose 146, 300
Nosocomial sepsis 515, 521, 544, 552
Nuclear
antigens 452
debris 127, 135, 202f, 377f
glycogenation 237
irregularities 711
Nucleated red blood cells 4, 28
O
Obrinsky syndrome 694
Obstructed labor and uterine rupture 615
Obstructive hydrocephalus develops 535
Obstructive jaundice 523
Occasional giant cell 709
transformation 704
Occasional granulomatous arteritis 343
Occasional histiocyte exhibited hemophagocytosis 448
Occasional macrophage 440
with hemophagocytosis 445
Occasional minute focus 655
Occasional thyroid-like tubules 655
Occasionally renal dysplasia 660
Occipital encephalocele, tetrad of 687
Occult testicular seminoma 71
Oculomotor nerve 539
Oligohydramnios 507, 620, 630, 657, 659
complex, components of 689
severe 623, 632
Oligomeganephronic hypoplasia 603
Oligoprogressive disease 577
Oliguria 201, 212, 307, 323
Omphalocele 695, 698
Opalski cells 240, 241
Optic
chiasma 540f, 544, 545f
nerve 539
Oral mucosa 583
Orbital pseudotumor 300
Organ
dysfunction 549
failure and death 549
Organizing pneumonia 267
with diffuse alveolar damage 491
with pulmonary hemorrhage 711
Origin of
brachiocephalic artery 357f
tumor from mucosa 109
Orthopnea 307, 332, 356
history of 553
Osteopetrosis 19
Ostium secundum atrial septum defect 363
Otitis media 126, 323
Ovarian teratomas 83
Ovary 328f, 338, 343, 345f
cystic mature teratoma of 84
Overdistended bladder 689
Oxygen dependent 514
P
Packed cell 424
volume 507
Packed red blood cells 39
Pale necrotic liver tissue 124
Palisading epithelioid
cells 342f
macrophages 326
Pallor 13, 20, 133, 148, 737, 742
Palpable masses 523
Pamidronate toxicity 501
Pancarditis 142, 258, 262
Pancreas 16, 19f, 32f, 50f, 108, 144, 186f, 195f, 196f, 203f, 221f, 237f, 328f, 406, 509, 510f, 548, 551f, 556f, 579f, 566f, 575f, 590, 648, 718, 720f, 731
complex of 448f
cut section of 409f
organ complex of 114f, 659f
section of 512f
tail of 14f
Pancreatic acinar cells 733f
Pancreatic amyloid stains 293f
Pancreatic islet 290
cell hyperplasia 507
Pancreatic tissue 195f
Pancreatic tumor 19f
Pancreatitis 549
Pan-cytokeratin 577
Pancytopenia 17, 38, 445, 452
Panhyperplasia 81
Pansystolic murmur 255, 262
Pantoprazole 497
Papillary muscles 265
Papilledema 127, 138, 356
Para-aortic lymph nodes 89, 547
large conglomerate of 55f
Paracaval lymph nodes 662
Paracolic abscess 121f
Paracortex, expansion of 441
Paraesthesia 587
Parahippocampal gyrus 150
Parainfluenza 3 465
Paralytic rabies 162
Parasitic infections predominate 540
Paratracheal lymph nodes 76f
Parenchyma affected, percentage of 660
Parkinson's disease 199
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea 356, 363, 553
Parvovirus 144, 452
Passive venous congestion 246
Patchy fibrosis 282
Patent ductus arteriosus 507, 512f, 563, 612f
Pauci-immune 529
diffuse 314
gelatinous 529
necrotizing 300, 310
glomerulonephritis 343
Pea Picker's disease 146
Pectus excavatum 270
Pedal edema 133, 281, 432, 587, 737
Pediatric
copper storage disorder 741
cystic disease 601, 610, 621, 625
leukemic patients 583
renal cystic
disease 599
lesions 601
renal developmental disorders 601
tricuspid atresia 566
Pelvic bones 698
Pelvicalyceal system 408f, 633, 671f, 680, 690, 690f, 694
dilatation of 693f
lining of 416f
Pelvis, small 699
Penicillin prophylaxis 255
Penile hypoplasia 691, 692
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty 251
Periadrenal arteries 332, 336, 345f
Periadrenal tissue 51f, 327, 328f, 343
Peribiliary plexus 169
Pericardial artery 284f
Pericardial cavity 54, 441
Pericardial vessels 343f
Pericarditis 343f
Pericardium 338, 343, 386f
Pericellular fibrosis 715, 725, 742
Perifascicular atrophy 198f
Periglomerular fibrosis 494, 663, 670, 673f
Perilesional edema 126
Perinatal tuberculosis 517
Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies 307, 347
Periodic acid-Schiff 469, 524, 588, 590f, 704
stain 24, 25f, 26f, 58f, 120, 140, 187, 302, 366, 493f, 572f, 573f, 649f, 672f
of kidney 309f
Periorbital edema 3f, 261
Peripancreatic lymph node 114f
Peripheral blood 3, 23, 28, 31, 39f, 57, 449
absolute lymphocytosis 452
eosinophilia 308
film-microcytic hypochromic 737
film-mild anisocytosis 703
smear stained 570f
Peripheral cysts 637
Peripheral lymphocytopenia 462, 466
Peripheral nervous system 375
Peripheral pancytopenia 21, 22
Peripheral pulses 363
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas 34
Periportal cholangiolar proliferation 709, 713f, 717f, 725f, 732f
Periportal fibrosis 715
extent of 659
Periportal hemosiderosis 714
Periportal hepatocytes 114f, 551f, 552
Periseptal cholangiolar proliferation 704, 711
Perisplenic lymphadenopathy 554
Peritoneal carcinomatosis 109
Peritoneal cavity 441, 447, 704
Peritoneum 109
Peritonitis 188
Periureteral inflammation 408f
Periureteric connective tissue 597f
Perivascular hemorrhage 289f
Perivascular histiocytic infiltrate 436
Perivascular infiltration 535
Perivascular lymphomononuclear infiltrate 127
Periventricular leukomalacia 507, 510, 512f, 649
brain 510
Perivenular fibrosis 209
Perl's positive 572
Perl's stain 56, 578
Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia 513
Persistent hypoglycemia 507, 508, 510, 513
Persistent hyponatremia 669, 673
Persistent jaundice 709
Persistent papillary membrane 508
Persistent pulmonary hypertension 670, 732, 733
features of 670
Petechial hemorrhages 319f, 555
Petechial spots 391f
Peyer's patches 480f
Phallus, small 699
Pharyngitis 256
Phenobarbitone 423
Phosphatase 490
Phospholipase C epsilon 502
Phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin stain 308f, 318, 320
Photophobia 147
Pierson syndrome 502
Pineal gland, incidental glial cyst of 548
Pink hyaline membranes 494f
Placenta 128
thickened 507, 513
tuberculous infection of 485, 520
Placental abnormalities 735
Plasma cells 127, 135, 144f, 260, 261, 461, 535
cluster of 62f
myeloma 61, 62, 67
symptomatic 61, 67
Plasmodium vivax 468
Platelet 566, 577, 662
thrombosis 284
Pleomorphic
cells, large 90f
nuclei 97
tumor 90f
Pleura 97, 583
Dusky discoloration of 726f
thickened 134f
Pleural fluid 107, 331, 394
Pleuritic chest pain 135, 315
Pneumocystinosis 556
Pneumocystis carinii 465, 559
pneumonia 554
Pneumocytes 512
Pneumonia 515, 521
confluent necrotizing 433, 434, 470, 719
suggestive of 669
Pneumonitis 512, 513
Podocin 492
Podocyte
dysfunction 498
hypertrophy of 503
phenotype switch 501
Podocytopathy 499
umbrella of 500
Podoplanin 92
Polyangiitis 298, 299, 299t, 300, 303, 320, 323, 339, 375, 380, 388, 390, 391, 396, 400
microscopic 299, 304, 305, 312, 313, 318, 323, 325, 327, 331, 333, 338, 343, 347
Polyarteritis nodosa 207, 307, 347, 349, 354, 355
classic 348
clinical features of 349
part of 299
pathology of 352
Polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis 445
Polycystic disease 601
Polycystic kidney 646
disease 657, 668f, 676
autosomal recessive 669
Polycythemia 566
vera 26
Polydactyly 683, 685
Polyglandular autoimmune syndrome 193, 194, 199, 200
Polymerase chain reaction 41, 462, 481, 515, 544
Polymorphonuclear
leukocytes 302
leukocytosis 201, 210, 478, 479, 489, 662, 726
Polymorphs 135, 260, 321f, 324f, 336f, 339, 545
and nuclear debris 479
comprising of 539
Polymyalgia rheumatica 367
Polysaccharide capsule 527, 558
Pons 289f, 539, 540
ventral surface of 539, 544
Pontine myelinolysis 241
Popliteal vein thrombosis 315
Porphyria cutaneous tarda 207
Porta hepatis 524
Portal cavernoma cholangiopathy 167
Portal hypertension 204, 215, 236, 237, 513, 719, 738
Portal phlebitis, primary 171
Portal tract
approximation of 232f
granulomas 547
Portal vein 88, 168, 174, 189f, 191, 192, 704
cavernomatous transformation of 167, 170
diseases of 170
infective suppurative thrombosis of 187
large branch of 519f
pyemia 184, 187
thrombosis 180
Porto-portal bridging fibrosis 508, 510f, 657, 660, 683
Postaxial polydactyly 685, 686, 687, 699
Postbite prophylaxis 157, 158
Post-bone marrow transplantation 53, 57
Posterior cerebral artery 539, 540, 542f
Posterior circulation tubercular vasculitis 543
Posterior communicating artery 289
Posterior urethral valve 604, 636, 637, 639, 641, 678, 679, 680f, 682, 689, 695, 696, 696t
Postmortem bone marrow 10f, 15f, 25f, 54f, 62f, 424, 424f, 705
Postmortem GALT gene mutation analysis 725
Postnatal voiding cystourethrography 641
Post-pet dog bite 157
Post-pubertal teratomas 74, 91
Post-pubertal yolk sac tumor 74, 91
Post-stenotic dilatation 273
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, diagnosis of 331
Post-transarterial chemoembolization 212
Potential killer 510
Potter's facies 612, 623, 624f, 642, 644, 659
Potter's syndrome 603, 607, 623, 625
Premature infants 512
Pre-pubertal yolk sac tumor 74, 91
Primary myelofibrosis
cellular phase of 14
fibrotic stage of 29
Primary pulmonary
malignant teratoma 80
teratomas 80
Primigravida 514
Primitive duct 609, 640f
absence of 660
Progressive abdominal distension 201, 523, 710, 715, 742
Progressive dyspnea 107, 372
Progressive renal failure 300, 660
Proinflammatory cytokines 445
Proliferating nerves 617f, 683, 685f, 687
Proliferation with cholestasis 525
Proliferative glomerulonephritis 332
Proliferative meningitis 536, 537
Prominent Bowman's space 491f, 502, 503
Prominent fetal lobulations 490
Prominent glomerular cysts 672f
Prominent hemophagocytosis 425f
Prominent inter-acinar arterioles 675f
Prominent intralobular vessels 665f
Prominent islet cell hyperplasia 509
Prominent lymphangitic carcinomatosis 214
Prominent lymphoid follicles 441, 442f
Prominent pericellular fibrosis 206f, 740f
Prominent phagocytosis 424f
Prominent porto-portal bridging fibrosis 724
Promyelocytes 41f
sheets of 39f
Propionibacterium acnes 279
Proptosis 300
Prostate 51f, 151
Prostatic urethra 635
Protein 119, 544
energy malnutrition, severe 524
losing enteropathy 193
reabsorption 493f
Proteinurea 312, 313
Proteus vulgaris 173, 278
Proximal convoluted tubules 494, 673
Prune belly 691, 694
syndrome 602, 674, 682, 689, 691, 693, 695, 696t, 697, 703
diagnosis of 691, 693
pathogenesis of 695
pathology of 694
Pruritis 703
Prussian blue stain 26f, 27f, 29f, 731
Pseudoacinar transformation 704, 706f, 709, 711, 713f, 715, 720, 726f
Pseudomonas 278, 465
aeruginosa 457, 574
Pulmonary arterial hypertension 62, 178, 246, 255, 262, 323, 327, 363, 366, 675f
Pulmonary artery 251f, 363, 274, 370, 653f
hypertension 363
involvement 372
Pulmonary aspergillosis 60
Pulmonary atresia 278, 566
Pulmonary capillary 735
hemangiomatosis 356, 358, 359, 362
Pulmonary circulation, resistance 566
Pulmonary cryptococcosis
signs of 137
symptoms of 137
Pulmonary edema 57, 159, 193, 194, 215, 448, 572, 737, 738
Pulmonary fungal abscessess 204
Pulmonary hemorrhage 6, 18, 62, 123, 147, 237, 239f, 300, 304, 307, 318, 329, 371f, 432, 440, 442, 445, 461, 463, 509f, 510, 572, 578, 670, 722, 737
secondary 730
Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma 133, 135
Pulmonary hypertension 356, 358, 362, 369
Pulmonary hypoplasia 661, 699
Pulmonary teratomas 86
Pulmonary thromboembolism 41, 107, 115, 314, 508
subsegmental 112
Pulmonary tuberculosis 133, 281, 375
Pulmonary valve 279, 369f, 565f
circumference 265
cusps 274
Pulmonary vasculitis 400
Pulmonary vein 274
Pulmonic stenosis 273, 277
Purkinje cells 159
of cerebellum 161f
Purpura 300, 512, 513
Pylephlebitis 187, 188, 190, 191
cause of 192
complications of 191
symptoms of 191
Pyoderma, history of 318
Pyogenic liver abscess 191, 192
Pyramidal cells 159
Pyrexia of unknown origin 372, 447
R
Rabies 160, 161
encephalitis 160
meningoencephalitis 157
pathology of 163
virus 162
Radially oriented cysts 657
Random blood sugar 96, 507
Rapid breathing 432, 523
Rash, history of 446
Raynaud's phenomenon 281, 285, 369
history of 281
Recessive immunodeficiency, X-linked 457
Rectal atresia 698
Rectovesical fistula 699
Recurrent fetal death, diagnosis of 657
Red blood cell disorders 540
Red eye 323
Refractile structure 527
Refractory hypotension 495
Refractory septic shock 176, 236, 432, 490
Regional lymphadenitis 466
Regional wall motion abnormality 108
Renal acute vasculitis 341f
Renal agenesis 601, 606, 625, 699
Renal aplasia 606
Renal artery 298, 369, 416f
stenosis 673
Renal cell carcinoma 214, 215
Renal concentrating defect 665
Renal congenital hydronephrosis 630
Renal developmental disorders 608
Renal dysplasia 601, 603, 609, 613, 622
pathogenesis of 604
pathology of 605
types of 605
Renal ectopia 156
Renal enlargement 659
Renal failure 107, 112, 323, 331, 640, 673
rapidly progressive 410, 411
starts 665
Renal function tests 236, 288, 405, 446, 452, 479
Renal glomerulitis, pulmonary counterpart of 303
Renal hepatic pancreatic dysplasia 674
Renal hydronephrosis, revealed bilateral 692
Renal hypodysplasia 619, 621, 622
Renal hypoplasia 601, 603, 644, 653
Renal infarcts 281
Renal insufficiency 375, 494
Renal limited microscopic polyangiitis 307
Renal mucormycosis
isolated 411, 414
primary 403, 411, 414
Renal multicystic dysplasia 610
Renal parameters 313
Renal parenchyma 657, 663, 664f, 665f, 693, 694f
normal 634f
relatively preserved 697
well-preserved 692
Renal parenchymal disease 262
Renal stones 26
Renal symptoms, predominance of 661
Renal tubular dysgenesis 669, 670, 673, 677
diagnosis of 670
Renal tubular epithelial cells 148, 511f
Renal vasculitis 342f
Renal veins 107
Repeated urinary tract infections, history of 655
Respiratory distress 148, 563, 623, 652, 673, 735
syndrome 147
Respiratory epithelium 81f
Respiratory failure 729
Respiratory syncytial virus 465
Respiratory system 13
examination 107
Reticulin collapse, areas of 551f
Reticulin fibers, condensation of 228f
Reticulin fibrosis 15f
Reticulin stain 204f, 215f, 228f, 551f, 707f
Reticuloendothelial system thereby 445
Retinal vasculitis 300
Retro-orbital pain 147
Retroperitoneal nodes enlarged 446
Retroperitoneum 583
Rheumatic diseases, complication of 445
Rheumatic fever 256
pathognomic of 261
Rheumatic heart disease 256
diagnosis of chronic 255
Rheumatoid arthritis 351
Rhinorrhea 300
Rib-polydactyly syndromes, short 676
Rich fibers 724
Richter transformation 55
Right atrophic undescended testis 6
Right common iliac artery 250f
Right coronary artery 590
Right costal margin 523
Right duplex kidney 633
Right hypochondrium 142
Right kidney 246, 620f, 626, 627, 627f, 633, 634f
upper part of 633
Right lentiform nucleus 127
Right lung, upper lobe of 433f
Right main posterior cerebral artery 538, 543
Right multicystic dysplastic kidney 626
Right parieto-occipital region 272
Right pulmonary artery 366
ostia of 369f
Right temporal lobe 539
hemorrhage 38, 41
Right upper pole ureter 633
Right ventricular hypertrophy 264, 274, 369f, 732
Rosai-Dorfman disease 438
Rubella 457
congenital 735
S
Sacrum, small/absent 699
Saddle thrombus 246
Salmonella 465, 485
Sanitation, poor 257
Sarcoidosis 179
Scattered small cysts 633
Schiller-Duval bodies 73, 80, 84f, 89, 90, 94f
Scleritis 300
Scleroderma renal crisis 103
Sclerosed glomerular tufts 497, 503
Sclerosed glomeruli 663
small 491
Sclerosing extramedullary hematopoietic tumors 13, 18, 22
Sclerosis 21f, 494
background of 18f
Sclerotic balls, small 497
Scoliotic deformity, mild 683
Secretory granules, devoid of 196f
Segmental dysplasia 601, 606, 633
Segmental hypoplasia 603, 655, 656
Segmental renal dysplasia 633, 634
Seizure 523, 514, 587
and coma 444
Seminiferous tubule 74f
Seminoma 74
like cells 74f
solitary focus of 73f
Sensorium worsened 663
Sepsis 61, 338, 339, 374, 444, 524, 570, 715
severe 236
shock, life-threatening 184
Septic shock 285, 447, 497, 524, 571
incidence of 551
irreversible stage of 552
with pulmonary hemorrhage 508
Septic
thrombophlebitis 188
of portal venous system 188
thrombus 189f
Septicemia 123, 172, 375, 652
Septicemic spleen 187
Serositis 443
Serous cavities 524
Serratia 475
Serum aminotransferases 552
Serum bilirubin 96, 490, 524, 552
mildly raised 440, 445
Serum cholesterol 490
Serum creatinine 490, 524, 670
Serum electrolytes 479
Serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase 723
Serum glutamic
oxaloacetic transaminase 545, 722, 723
pyruvic transaminase 545
Serum transaminases, minimal rise in 552
Serum urea 524, 662
Shock 42, 190f, 521
cardiogenic 551
features of 426
hypovolemic 551
liver 548, 552
Shoulder dystocia 615
Shrunken glomerular tufts 320f
Shrunken liver 551f, 552
Sickle cell
anemia 19
disease 291
Silica 156
Silicosis 153
predisposes 155
Silicotic nodule 150, 409, 411f
in mediastinal lymph node 152f
large 151f
Silicotuberculosis 149, 153
Sinonasal polyps 301
Sinus 34
histiocytosis 437
rhythm 563
tachycardia 108
superior longitudinal 538, 543
Sinusitis 126
Sinusoids 29f
contained polymorphs indicating septicemia 663
expansion of 85f
of liver 556f
of spleen 34f
Sirenomelia 602, 698, 699
with omphalocele 698
Sjogren's syndrome 207, 351, 445
Skeletal anomalies 695, 735
Skeletal muscle 129, 194, 198f, 430f, 469
Skin 300, 308, 338, 343, 374, 375, 379
abrasions 146
biopsy 202, 570
contamination of 128
infection 256
rashes 478
section of 7f
Small arteries, acute vasculitis of 353f
Small intestine
part of 448
submucosa of 354f
Smudge cells 58
Soap bubble appearance 530f
Sojia develop mas 445
Solitary histiocytoma 427
Spermatocytic tumor 91
Spermatogenesis, normal 74f
Spherocytosis 19
Sphingomyelin 588, 705
phosphodiesterase gene 706
Spina bifida 699
evidence of 683
occulta 604
Spinal cord 101
anatomy of 534
Spinal fluid pleocytosis 429
Spleen 5, 14f, 24, 32f, 57, 64f, 80, 108, 129, 135, 144, 151, 168, 177, 194, 203, 221f, 232, 246, 282, 308, 319, 326, 327, 339, 354f, 374, 379, 390, 418, 442, 448, 460, 466, 480f, 509, 510f 517, 523, 525, 526, 548, 556f, 557f, 564, 573, 578, 579f, 589, 592, 592f, 666f, 705, 711, 715, 718, 725, 732, 738
and liver 445
complex of 448f
coronal slice of 392f
cut section of 198f
isolated tuberculosis of 194, 200
organ complex of slice of 114f, 659f
replete with Cryptococci 532f
slice of 34f, 327f, 551f
Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon 274, 276, 279
Splenic
abscesses 475
lymph nodes 554f
necrosis, total 388
sinuses 708f
tuberculosis, isolated 193
vein 168, 169f, 251f, 704
Splenohepatomegaly 553, 709
Splenomegaly 449, 452
congestive 174, 215, 726
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 201, 210, 212, 395, 490
Sporozoites 128
Squamous epithelium 81f
Staphylococcus aureus 173, 278, 475
Steatosis 207, 715
absence of 716
Stenotrophomonas 669
Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome 492
Still's disease 445
Stomach 6, 10f, 62, 107, 108, 109f, 110f, 115, 168, 572, 590, 591
cut section of 109f
lamina propria of 66f
serosa of 328f
wall of 573f
Storage disorder 432, 585, 738, 742
Straw-colored fluid 441, 447, 515, 657, 711
Streaky hemoptysis 374, 378
Streptokinase thrombolysis 251
Stress involution 491
Striking tubular dilatation 490, 491f
Struma ovarii 83
Subacute vasculitis 377f
Subarachnoid hemorrhage 204, 343
Subclavian artery 369
Subcrepitant lungs 43f
cut section of 354f
Subcutaneous abscesses 475
Subendocardial ischemic fibrosis 285f
Subependymal tuberculoma 535
Subintimal edema 535
Submandibular lymph nodes 576
Submucosa, upper part of 581f
Submucosal vessels, acute vasculitis of 378f
Sulcus, depths of 532f
Sulfasalazine therapy 445
Superior mesenteric vein 168, 251f, 704
Suppurative granuloma 469, 472f, 515
Suppurative lymphadenitis 475
Sural nerve 349f
Swineherd's disease 146
Sylvian fissures 539
Sympathetic nervous systems 665
Sympathomimetic drug abuse 291
Syndromal glomerulocystic kidneys 674
Syndromic alagille syndrome 735
Systemic amyloidosis 67
primary 61, 62
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome 447
Systemic lupus erythematosus 444, 526
Systemic necrotizing vasculitis 375
Systemic onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 442
Systemic rheumatic disorders, complication of 444
Systemic sclerosis 102
Systemic vasculitis 324
diagnosis of 374
without 300
T
T cells, absent 462
T helper cells, type 1 534
T lymphocytes 261, 452
Tachycardia 45, 119, 248, 478, 489, 495, 508
Tachypnea 45, 478, 508, 623
Tachyzoites 128, 130f
Takayasu's aortoarteritis 320, 356, 360, 362, 363, 366, 367, 371
Takayasu's arteritis 297
Takayasu's disease 368
Talipes equinovarus, congenital 609, 623, 624f, 636, 657, 683, 689
Teratoma 82, 83
elements of 91
Terminal ileum 375
Testes 6, 41, 51f, 381, 382, 386f
germ cell tumor of 90
Testicular
cancer 73, 74
dysgenesis syndrome 74, 75
germ cell tumors 75
neoplasms 94
tumor 74, 90f, 91f
Tetralogy of Fallot 272, 276, 279, 566, 604, 689, 694
Thalamus 425, 540, 542f, 543, 546, 548, 552
Thalassemia 19
Thick gelatinous
capsule 527
exudate entraps 534
polysaccharide capsule 528
Thick-walled blood vessels 655, 656
Thrombi 251f
Thrombocythemia 26
Thrombocytopenia 59, 104, 220, 428, 443–445, 508, 512, 513, 716, 719
Thrombocytosis 212, 443
Thromboembolic botryomycotic cerebral abscess 272
Thrombophlebitis 540
Thrombosis 170, 535, 335f, 407f
Thrombotic
microangiopathy 96, 98, 102
thrombocytopenic purpura 102
Thymic atrophy with dysplasia 463
Thymus 418f, 458, 509, 517, 548, 705, 706, 709, 732
and lungs 732
stress involution of 494f
Thyroid 197f
follicles 197f
gland 194, 199
Tiny epithelioid cell granulomas 483f
Tissue disease, mixed connective 179
Tonsillar herniation 156
Tortuous ureters 616f, 637f, 692
Total leukocyte count 4
Total lymphocyte counts 545, 577
Total serum
bilirubin 457, 508, 723
protein 440, 457, 508, 515, 723
Toxins and nutritional deficiencies 740
Toxoplasma 130, 703
characteristic of 132
cyst of 130f
gondii 128
serology for 457
Toxoplasmosis
acquired 130
congenital 131
Trachea 381, 382
Tracheobronchial tree 150f, 379
Tracheoesophageal fistula 602
Transmembrane protein 492, 495
Transmural
anteroseptal infarct, large 248f
arteritis 543
fibrinoid necrosis 546
infarction of wall 573f
inflammation 309f, 358f
necrotizing inflammation 341f, 377f, 396f, 399f
Transplacental infection 510
Transtubular potassium gradient 497
Transverse groove 656
Trauma 126, 179, 549, 735
history of 423
Triad syndrome 694
Trichrome stain 366f
Tricuspid regurgitation, severe 323
Tricuspid valve 63f
infective endocarditis 272
Triglycerides 440, 497
Trisomy 13 676
Trophoblastic tumors 74, 91
Trophozoite 121, 123, 124
Trousseau's sign 111
Trousseau's syndrome 111
Truncus arteriosus 699
Tubercle bacilli 522, 536, 552
Tubercular abscess 534
Tubercular arteritis 535, 540
Tubercular meningitis 153, 534, 536, 540, 543, 544, 548, 552
complications 535
lesion of 546, 552
pathogenesis 536
types 536
Tuberculoma 149, 534
in parahippocampal gyrus 153f
Tuberculosis 126, 140, 372, 397, 522, 534, 543
congenital 485, 514, 517, 520
diagnosis of 380
foci of 97
morphologic hallmarks of 534
old healing focus of 97
Tuberculous
abscess 534
encephalopathy 534
granuloma 535
lesion, meningeal margin of 537
lymphadenopathy 227
meningitis 534, 544
diagnosis of 544
pneumonia 479
Tuberous sclerosis 674
Tubo-ovarian abscess 514
Tubular atrophy 663
Tubular
calcification 482
dilatation 492f
epithelial cells 145, 491, 493f, 497, 512
epithelium 208f
microcysts 502
necrosis-kidneys 168
Tubulointerstitial nephritis 142, 507, 513, 662, 667
Tubulointerstitium 104
Tubulopapillary component 89
Tumor 82f-84f
cells 104, 110, 110f, 111f, 218f
clusters of 99f
in meninges 101f
clogging lymphatic channels 94f
nodule 216f-219f
small 216f
thrombus 113f
Tunica intima 371
Tunica media 371
Turner syndrome 695, 735
Twin transfusion syndrome 652
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome 673
Tyrosinemia 730
U
Ulcerated tree bark appearance 357f
Ulcers 300, 301
small discrete 378f
superficial 123
Ultrasonography 446, 716, 728
of abdomen 176, 497, 524, 710
of bladder 669
of kidneys 669
of ureters 669
Umbilical artery 507, 513
flow, reversed 507
single 698
Uncal herniation 274, 539
Unilateral renal
agenesis 606, 632
developmental malformations 626
malformation 626
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy 108
Upper respiratory tract 300
Uranyl acetate 493f
Urea 515
Uremic encephalopathy 412
Ureter 628, 630, 630f, 634f, 643f, 690, 698
Ureteral
atresia 605
orifice, displacement of 634
stenosis, mid 630
strictures 475
Ureteric bud 602, 635
Ureterocele 633
Urethra 635
dilated posterior 637, 638, 678, 679, 680f
Urethral meatus 691
unidentifiable 692
Urethral membranes 639
Urethral obstructions 695
Uric acid 96
Uridine diphosphate glucose 711
Urinary bladder 406, 417f, 464f, 623, 624f, 627f, 628, 630f, 632, 634–637, 640f, 641, 693, 693f, 694f, 696
absent 698
dysfunction 640
hypertrophy of 638
normal 621
outer aspect of 597f
Urinary stream, abnormality in 523
Urinary system 602
Urinary tract 698
infections 468
recurrent 656
Urine culture 544, 662
Urine examination 662
routine 331, 497
Urine osmolality 497
Urogenital canal 635
Urogenital sinus 602
Uterine
hypoplasia 606
rupture 617
Utero transmission 513
Uterus 327, 608
absent 699
Uveitis 300
V
Vagina, absent 699
Vaginal bleeding 323
Vaginal delivery 620
normal 710
preterm 514
Vague appreciable reniform shape 663
Vague masses palpable 394
Vague nodular pattern 6f
Valvular heart disease 264
Van Gieson stain 270, 359, 375, 381
clastic 292
Vancomycin 54, 413
Varicella 465
Vasa vasorum, small artery of 359f
Vascular cell adhesion molecule 45
Vascular injury 179
Vascular thrombosis 127
Vasculitides
diagnosis of 297
types of established 297
Vasculitis 179, 204, 285, 291, 299, 300, 303, 333, 335, 354, 375, 397
drug induced 305
Vasculopathy, cocaine-induced 281
Veins 375
Venocentric cirrhosis 175, 178, 180, 180f
Veno-occlusive disease 359
Venous circulation 169
Ventricular arrhythmia 549
Ventricular septal defect 563
Ventricular systolic dysfunction 271
Ventriculitis 274, 534
producing 279
Ventriculoarterial discordance 565
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt 538
Ventriculoseptal defects 694
Vertebrobasilar system 535
Vesicoureteric reflux disease 655
Vessel systemic vasculitides, small 299
Vessel vasculitis
large 298, 367
small 202f, 298, 314, 391
Vessel wall inflammation, stage of 368
Viral capsid, rising titers of 452
Viral encephalitis 163
Viral encephalomyelitis, changes of 163
Viral infection 450
Viral proteins 450
Virchow-Robins spaces 57
Visceral epithelial cells 497, 499
prominent layer of 670
Visible bilateral cataract 716, 719
Vision impairment 523
Visual acuity 587
Visual loss 138
Vitiligo 199
Vomiting 147, 189, 301, 338, 410, 538, 737, 742
history of 523
von Hippel-Lindau disease 601
von Meyenburg complexes 663
von Willebrand disease 593
von Willebrand factor 102
W
Warthin-Starry stain 142, 145, 148
Watery diarrhea 193, 199
Wegener's granulomatosis 297–300, 315, 323, 324, 325, 374, 375, 379–381, 388
diagnosis of 323
Weigert-Meyer law 635
Weight loss 7, 31, 35, 183, 368
Weil's disease 146
Weil-Felix agglutination test 440
Widespread hemorrhages 142
Wilms’ tumor 84
aniridia syndrome 502
Wilson's disease 231, 235–241, 739, 741
classical case of 235
Y
Yeast fungus infects humans 526
Yolk sac 85
tumor 81, 92
Z
Zebra bodies 590
Zellweger cerebrohepatorenal syndrome 676
Zellweger syndrome 601
Ziehl-Neelsen stain 135, 152f, 394–397, 400, 460, 460f–464f, 479, 480f, 518, 519f, 521, 546
Zoonotic disease 233
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