Essentials of Hospital Infection Control Apurba S Sastry, Deepashree R
INDEX
Page numbers followed by f refer to figure and t refer to table.
A
ABC Calc 507
Accelerate Pheno system 483
Active MDRO surveillance 375
Active surveillance 70
Adult ventilator associated event algorithm 90
Aerosol-generating procedures 232
Air
particle counter 361
surveillance 356
Airborne precautions 159
Alcohol 263
Alkaline hydrolysis 412
American Society of Anesthesiologists score of patient physical status 55
Antibiotic cycling 497
Antimicrobial lock therapy 34
Antimicrobial resistance
in India 514
outcome indicator 507
surveillance 511
research network 512
Antimicrobial skin sealants 62
Antimicrobial stewardship 476
Antimicrobial-coated sutures 66
Aprons 152
Arteriovenous
fistula 173
graft 173
Automated blood culture systems 479
Automated cart washers 310
Automated endoscope reprocessors 276
Automated healthcare-associated infection surveillance 119
Automated washers 309
Awareness on infection control 6
B
Baclink 513
Bacterial endotoxin test 349
Baseline period of stability 92
Biological indicator 327
Biomedical waste 399
Biomethanation 420
Biosafety levels 207
Burn center 218
Burnout syndrome 457
C
Capacity tests 296
Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae 379
Care bundle
approach 24
for central line 39
for urinary catheter 24
Carrier tests 297
Catheter-associated
asymptomatic bacteriuria 15
urinary tract infection 15
surveillance 80
Catheter-related bloodstream infection 26
CDC NHSN common terminologies 74
Central line 26, 83
venous catheter 26
Central sterile supply department 301
Central venous catheter 26
Centrifugal sampler impactor 360
Chemical disinfectants 257
Chemical indicator 326
Chemical spill
kit 424
management 424
Chemical sterilant 259
Chennai declaration—roadmap to tackle challenge of AMR 515
Chick-martin test 296
Chlorhexidine 266
Chlorine 264
Cleanroom standards 362
Cold water jet guns 305f
Common source outbreaks 462
Composting 419
Computer physician order entry 493
Computerized decision support systems 493
Contact precautions 155
Contaminated linen 382
Continuous common source outbreak 463
Cumulative antibiograms 507
Cytotoxic drug waste management 415
D
Daily minimum PEEP 92
Date of event 75
Days of therapy 507
Decontamination sinks 305f
Deep burial 410
Defined daily dose 505
Device
criteria 77
reinsertion criteria 78
utilization ratio 115
Differential coliform count 340
Dirty linen 382
Disinfectant testing 295
Disinfection policy 256
Disinfectors 309
Doffing sequence 153
Donning sequence 153
Double gloves 145
Droplet precautions 157
Dumb waiter 305f
E
Effluent treatment plant 420
Eijkman test 340
Electronic waste management 417
Embalming 252
Encapsulation 411
Endoscopy reprocessing 272
Endotoxin detection 349
Enhanced antibiograms 508
Envelope wrapping method 316
Environmental
surface surveillance 364
surveillance 329
Enzymatic cleaners 307
Epidemic curve 461
Epidemiological chain of healthcare-associated infection 2
Eskape pathogens 4
Ethidium bromide disposal 427
Ethylene oxide 321
E-waste disposal 418
Exposed person 432
F
Facemasks 146
Fit
checking 150
testing 151
Formaldehyde 262
Formulary restriction with preauthorization 496
Fraction of inspired oxygen 91
Framing antimicrobial policy 494
G
Glassware management 414
Glo germ 135
Global action plan on antimicrobial resistance 515
Global antimicrobial resistance surveillance system 511
Gloves 144
Glutaraldehyde 260
Gowns 152
Guidewire exchange 38
H
Hand hygiene 121, 123
adherence rate 136
measurement methods 131
methods 123
partial adherence rate 136
products 124
Hazard analysis and critical control point system 397
Healthcare-associated infection 1, 75
surveillance cycle 115
Hemodialysis equipment 174
High-level disinfectants 259
Hospital antibiogram 507
Hospital infection control
committee 9
team 10
Hospital information system 492
Hospital-wide healthcare-associated infection surveillance 72
Housekeeping policy 281
Hydrogen peroxide 263
Hygiene preparation in funeral parlor 252
Hypochlorite 264
I
ICD-10-PCS category mapping 113
Ideal disinfectant 259
Immediate use system 321
Improvement of PEEP 92
Index of microbial air 357
Indian Public Health Standards 525
Indicators used for monitoring the sterilization 326
Indwelling catheter 17
Indwelling urinary catheter 81
Inertization 411
Infection control
during bioterrorism attack 242
for influenza 230
for legionellosis 234
for prion contaminated items 237
for tuberculosis 219
for viral hemorrhagic fever 244
in blood bank 212
in burns unit 216
in C. difficile infection 224
in dialysis units 172
in ICU 195
in kitchen and food safety 390
in laboratory 206
in laundry 382
in operation theater 199
in outpatient setting 203
in transplant units 183
nurse 12
officer 11
policy for after death 250
requirements for accreditation 520
Infection present at time of surgery 103
Infection window period 75
Intermittent common source outbreak 463
International patient safety goal 525
Iodophors 264
J
Jaipur declaration on antimicrobial resistance 515
Joint Commission International 525
K
Kayakalp Swachta guidelines 525
Kelsey-Sykes test 296
Kerala Accreditation Standards for Hospitals 526
L
Laboratory confirmed bloodstream infection 85
Laboratory stewardship 478
Laboratory-based
surveillance 72
ward liaison surveillance 72
ward surveillance 72
Landfilling 420
Laqshya 525
Line listing of cases 470
Liquid waste management 420
Location of attribution 78
Low-temperature steam formaldehyde 324
Luminometer 134
M
Maintenance care bundle for mechanical ventilator 53t
Mechanical bowel preparation 60
Mechanical ventilation 161
Medical care devices 256
Medicines with the red line 517
Medicolegal aspects of healthcare-associated infection 13
Membrane filtration method 340
Mercury spill kit 425
Mercury spillage management 425
Metal sharp management 414
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
surveillance 375
tagging 376
Microwaving 410
Mode of transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens. 5
Monitoring the efficacy of sterilization 325
Mucosal barrier injury laboratory confirmed bloodstream infection 88
Multiple-tube method 336
N
N95 respirator 150
National accreditation board for hospitals 520
National action plan on antimicrobial resistance 515
National healthcare safety network 73
National Program for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance 511
Needle stick injury management 432
Needleless intravascular catheter systems 39
Nosocomial legionellosis 234
O
Occupational exposure 432
Ortho-phthalaldehyde 261
Outbreak control team 467
Outbreak investigation 461
Outcome surveillance 71
P
Parcel fold wrapping method 315
Pareto charts 507
Passive surveillance 70
PED VAE surveillance 98
Pelletization 420
Peracetic acid 262
Personal protective equipment 143
Phenolics 266
Physical or mechanical indicator 326
Physiochemical analysis of water 355
Pioneers in infection prevention and control 7
PK-PD monitoring of antimicrobials 487
Plasma
pyrolysis 411
sterilization 323
PNEU/VAP surveillance 99
Point prevalence survey 73
Point source outbreak 462
Population-based surveillance 70
Positive end-expiratory pressure 92
Practical tests 298
Present on admission 75
Presumptive coliform 333
Procalcitonin 484
Process challenge device 327
Process surveillance 71
Promession 412
Propagated outbreak 464
Prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy 65
Prospective audit and feedback 498
Prospective incidence surveys 73
Protective isolation 165
Proteolytic cleaners 307
Q
Qualifying antimicrobial days 94
Quality indicators in infection control 521
Quaternary ammonium compound 267
R
Radioactive waste management 417
Red line 517f
Repeat infection timeframe 75
Resident flora 122
Respirators 147
Respiratory protection equipment 220
Reverse isolation 165
S
Screening for multidrug-resistant organisms 371
Secondary blood stream infection 87
attribution period 75
Selective digestive decontamination 52, 61
Selective or cascade reporting 479
Selective oropharyngeal decontamination 51
Semirecumbent position 50
Sentinel event-based surveillance 70
Sharp pit 411
Shredder 410
Sieve impactor 358
Single-use devices 277
Skin reactions related to hand hygiene product 129
Slit-to-agar impactor 359
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate 265
Soiled linen 382
Solid general waste management 419
Source person 432
Sources of infection 3
Spaulding's classification of medical devices 257
Spill kit 424
Spillage management 422
Sputum collection booth 221
SSI bundle (adapted from WHO) 67
Staff clinic 450
Standard precautions 121
Standardized infection ratio 115
Steam sterilizer (autoclaves) 319
Subtraction antibiogram 508
Superoxide water 265
Surface disinfection test 298
Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis 59
Surgical hand preparation 62
Surgical site infection 53
surveillance 103
Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections 70
T
Targeted healthcare-associated infection surveillance 72
Test of Kelsey and Maurer 298
Theatre sterile service unit 301
Thermotolerant coliform 334
Three bucket trolleys 288
Transfer rule 78
Transient flora 122
Transmission-based precautions 155
Trolley washer 310
Turn-around time 490
U
Ultrasonic cleaner 308, 309f
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation 162
Urinary catheter insertion technique 21
V
Vancomycin-resistant enterococci 377
Ventilator-associated
events and pneumonia surveillance 90
events window period 94
pneumonia 40
Vermicomposting 420
W
Ward liaison surveillance 72
Washer 309
Waste
management in healthcare facility 399
receptacle 404
segregation 401
Water surveillance 330
Waterborne pathogens 330
WHO priority pathogens 510
WHO's proposed core components for infection prevention and control 5
WHONET 513
Work restriction 450
for healthcare worker 453
Workflow of blood culture laboratory 488
Wound
class type 54
protector devices 64
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Chapter Notes

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