Handbook of Urticaria Abhishek De, Kiran V Godse, Anant Patil
INDEX
Page numbers followed by b refer to box, f refer to figure, fc refer to flowchart, and t refer to table.
A
Absorption 66
Acrivastine 66
Activity impairment score 73
Acute allergic urticaria 11
Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis 50
Acute nonallergic urticaria 9
Acute spontaneous urticaria 69
Acute urticaria 3, 9, 5f, 10b, 12, 48, 50, 88, 89, 105
differential diagnosis of 50
Adalimumab 80
Adrenaline 12, 53
Aggravating chronic spontaneous urticaria 15
Allergic diseases 38, 41
Allergy 38
Alpha-galactosidase anaphylaxis 11
Aluminum 67
Anaphylaxis 38, 50
Ancylostoma 7
Anemia, pernicious 39, 40
Angioedema 9, 13, 16, 31, 3334, 44, 44f, 47, 50, 52, 53, 55, 62
acquired 34
activity score 58, 62, 63, 91
control test 62, 64, 91
cyclic episodes of 52
differential diagnosis of 52
episodic 52
etiologies of 34f
hereditary 34, 36, 53
mast cell mediated 53
quality of life questionnaire 62
recurrent 53b, 62
vibratory 27
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 34
inhibitor 35, 53, 55
pathogenesis of 97
Anisakis simplex 7, 10, 16, 40
anaphylaxis 11
Antacids 67
Antialpha adrenergic effects 65
Antibody
antineutrophil cytoplasmic 51
antinuclear 15, 39, 51
monoclonal 98
Anticholinergic effects 65
Anticoagulants 80, 82
Antihistamines 33, 53, 6567, 91, 108, 117
classification of 65, 66
nonsedating 67, 69
Anti-immunoglobulin E 79, 85
Antiserotoninergic effects 65
Anti-thyroidperoxidase 98
Anti-tumor necrosis factor 77
alpha 80, 99
Anxiety 16, 57
Aquagenic urticaria 2, 24, 26, 30
Asthma 8, 38
Atopic diseases 9
Atopy 8
Autoallergic reaction 5
Autoantibodies 14, 96
Autoimmune
diseases 8, 38
hypothyroidism 54
progesterone dermatitis 52
thyroid disease 17, 38
Autoimmunity 14, 15, 38, 39
Autoinflammatory diseases 51
Autologous blood injection 80, 82
Autologous plasma skin test 58
Autologous serum skin test 2, 15, 18, 39, 58, 97, 111
Autosomal dominant disorder 53
Axon reflex 3
Azathioprine 80, 83
Azelastine 67, 68
B
Bacteria 7
Basopenia 14
Basophil 14
activation test 2, 15, 18
histamine release assay 2, 15, 39
Benralizumab 98
Bepotastine 67
Bilastine 6668, 85, 120
Blastocystis hominis 7, 40
Blood 96
biochemistry 51
test 58
vessels 96
Body temperature 107
Bradykinin-mediated angioedema 35, 53
treatments for 37
Brain 66
Breastfeeding 108
Breath, shortness of 9
British Association of Dermatologists 104
Bronchodilators 33
Bruton's tyrosine kinase 100
inhibitor 23, 100
Bullous pemphigoid 18, 38, 52
Burning 56
C
Cardiac disease 120122
Cardiovascular disease 41
Celiac disease 39, 40
Cellulitis 18, 53
Central nervous system 66, 112
Cetirizine 6668, 115, 118, 121
Cheilitis, granulomatous 53
Chemokines 3
Children's dermatology life quality index 91
Chlamydia pneumonia 40, 46
Chloroquine 80, 82
Chlorpheniramine 118
maleate 66
Cholinergic urticaria 2, 13, 24, 25, 28, 28f, 90, 100
Chronic idiopathic urticaria 38, 72
Chronic inducible urticaria 1, 2, 7, 13, 24, 27, 49, 58, 61, 75, 85, 8789, 111
Chronic spontaneous urticaria 1, 2, 8, 13, 1419, 19b, 23, 31, 34, 45, 48, 56, 60, 70, 72, 74, 85, 88, 88f, 89, 98, 99, 101, 103, 108, 111, 114, 120
autoimmune etiology of 38
cellular components of 14
clinical trials 73
differential diagnosis of 18b
Chronic urticaria 1, 3, 5f, 13, 17, 48, 55, 61, 70, 74, 79, 80, 80t, 84, 88, 98, 101, 103, 105, 106, 111, 114, 114f, 118t, 120
classification of 2t
differential diagnosis of 50
pathogenesis of 101f
quality life questionnaire 60, 62, 73
subtypes 2
treatment of 79, 84fc, 101, 120122
Cimetidine 80, 81
Clemastine 84
Cold 107
provocation test 90f
urticaria 2, 24, 25, 28f, 29, 89, 90f
Complete blood count 51, 58
Connective tissue disease 51
Contact urticaria 2, 27, 31
Coronavirus disease-2019 10, 44
pandemic 40
Corticosteroids 80, 83
systemic 119
COVID-19 10, 44
infection 40, 46
cutaneous manifestations of 46
outbreak 46
pandemic 40
vaccinations 45
Coxsackie A9 virus 10, 45
C-reactive protein 15, 51, 58
Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes 51
Cyclosporine 21, 92, 119
A 70, 116, 118
response 8
Cytokines 3
Cytomegalovirus 10, 45, 58
D
Dapsone 21, 80
Darier's sign 52f
D-chlorpheniramine 67
Delayed pressure urticaria 2, 13, 24, 25, 29
Dental infections 7
Deoxyribonucleic acid 81
double stranded 15, 97
Depression 16
Dermatitis
allergic contact 54
atopic 17, 70
urticarial 52
Dermatology life quality index 32, 73
Dermatomyositis 54
Dermatosis, progesterone-induced 18
Dermographic urticaria 27
Dermographism, symptomatic 24, 27, 28f, 89, 90f
Desloratadine 66, 68, 121
Diabetes mellitus 39
insulin-dependent 38, 40
Diarrhea 9, 11
Diphenhydramine 66, 67, 118
Dizziness 9
Doxepin 66, 80, 81
Drugs 10, 16, 106
Dupilumab 23, 80, 99
Dyspnea 9, 11
E
Ebastine 6668, 121
Ecchymosis 56
Edema 56
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 15
Eosinopenia 14
Eosinophilia 52
Eosinophilic cellulitis 54
Eosinophils 14, 98
Epinastine 67
Epinephrine 12, 53
intramuscular 33
Epstein–Barr virus 10, 46, 58
Erysipelas 18, 53
Erythema 56
annulare centrifugum 52
marginatum 36
multiforme 18, 50
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 27, 51
Erythromycin 67
Etanercept 80
European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology 1, 20, 44, 60, 72, 91, 115
European Dermatology Forum 1, 20, 44, 60, 72, 115
Exercise 107
F
Fever 52
Fexofenadine 6668, 85, 121
Figurate erythemas 18
First generation antihistamines 65, 66, 69
classification of 66t
Fluids, intravenous 33
Folic acid antagonist 81
Food
allergies 106
anaphylaxis, exercise-induced 11
Fragment crystallizable epsilon receptor 1 95, 101
G
Gammapathy, monoclonal 34
Gastroenterology 56
Gastroesophageal reflux disease, prevalence of 17
Gastrointestinal disorders 38
Gleich syndrome 52
Global Allergy and Asthma European Network 1, 20, 44, 60, 72, 122
Glomerular filtration rate 68
Glucocorticoids 53
Glycoprotein 68
G-protein coupled receptors 65
Graft versus host disease 70
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor 95
Graves’ disease 39, 40
H
H1-antihistamine
less-sedating 67
pharmacokinetics of 66
sedating 67
selection of 69
Hansen disease 18
Hashimoto's thyroiditis 39
Headache 9
Heat urticaria 2, 24, 26, 30
Helicobacter pylori 7, 16, 27, 40, 44, 46, 58
infection 46
Henoch–Schönlein purpura 17, 39
Heparin sodium 80
Hepatitis 51
A 7, 10
viruses 45
acute 58
B 7, 40
infection 17, 45
virus 10, 17, 45
C 7, 40
infection 17, 45
virus 17, 45
Herpes simplex virus 7, 10
Histamine 3, 65, 120
Human basophils 45
Human herpesvirus 46
Human immunodeficiency virus 7, 51
Human leukocyte antigen 39
Human-robot interaction 108
Hydroxychloroquine 80, 82
Hydroxyzine 66, 67, 84, 118
Hyperpigmentation, postinflammatory 51
Hypersensitivity 4
Hypertension 85
Hypervitaminosis A 120
Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome 51
Hypotension, arterial 11
I
Ice cube test 90f
Idiopathic nonmast cell angioedema 37
Immunoglobulin E 14, 16, 23, 38, 50, 58, 95
autoantibodies 8
mediated urticaria 4
Immunoglobulin G 8
autoantibodies 8
mediated urticaria 5
Immunoglobulin
intravenous 21, 80, 82
subcutaneous 80
Inducible urticaria 8, 105, 115
features of 24t
treatment of 31
Infections 9, 10, 15, 38, 106
chronic viral 17, 40
Inflammatory bowel disease 17, 39
Infliximab 80
Insect
bites 50
stings 106
Interferon 21
gamma 70
Interleukin 15, 23, 70, 101
Itching 56
J
Janus kinase inhibitor 80
K
Kallikrein–Kinin pathways 36
Kawasaki disease 17, 39
Ketoconazole 67
Ketotifen 67
Kidney 120
disease 120
impairment 68
L
Lactation 114, 115, 118t
Leukocytes 96
Leukotrienes 3, 4
receptor antagonists 21
synthesis 4
Levocetirizine 6668, 121
Ligelizumab 23, 99
Lips, angioedema of 10f
Livedo reticularis 56
Liver 120
disease 120, 121
impairment 68
Long QT-syndrome 85
Loratadine 67, 68, 118
Low-grade systemic inflammatory disease 39
Lymphocytes 14
M
Maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis 52, 52f
Magnesium 67
Malaise 11
Malassezia globosa 7
Mast cell 6, 14, 34, 38, 95
activation mechanisms 4
angioedema 33
cutaneous 14
degranulation 95
diseases 99
driven disease 3
independent urticaria 97
receptors 4f
stimulating factors of 95f
Mepolizumab 80, 98
Mequitazine 67
Metabolic syndrome 38, 41, 120
Methotrexate 21, 80, 81
Mizolastine 66, 68
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 66
Montelukast 21, 80, 116, 117, 119
inhibits 79
Mood disorders 57
Mycobacterium leprae 46
Mycophenolate mofetil 80, 81
Mycoplasma pneumonia 7, 10, 40, 45, 46
N
Nausea 9
Nephrotic syndrome 70
Nerves 96
Neuropathy 120
Nonphysical chronic inducible urticaria 90
Nonphysical urticarias 24
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 5, 8, 10, 16, 41, 50, 56, 115
reactions 8
Normocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis 51
O
Occupational contact urticaria 57
Olopatadine 67
Omalizumab 7, 20, 72, 7478, 85, 92, 116, 118, 119
response 8
treatment 87
Oral corticosteroids 22, 84
Oral steroids 108
P
Pain, abdominal 9, 11, 50
Palmoplantar pruritus 11
Parainfluenza viruses 45
Parasites 7
Parathormone 120
Parvovirus B19 10
Patient education materials 103, 104
assessment tool 104
function 104
models 104
Pemphigoid gestationis 52
Pharmacotherapy 115
Phototherapy 21
Physical chronic inducible urticaria 89
Plasma protein binding 67
Plasmapheresis 21, 80, 82
Plasmodium falciparum 10
Polymorphic light eruption 50
Postlesion hyperpigmentation 56
Prednisolone 12
Pregnancy 108, 114, 115, 118t
and lactation labeling rule 119
Pressure 107
Promethazine 66
Prostaglandin 3, 14
Pruritus 56, 120
Pseudoallergen-free diet 80, 81
Psoriasis 39, 40, 70
Psychiatric
diseases 42
disorders 38
R
Randomized controlled trials 20, 73, 81, 91
Ranitidine 80, 81
Rapid eye movement 66
sleep 66
Raynaud phenomena 56
Reflex erythema 49
Refractory chronic spontaneous urticarial, treatment of 22
Refractory uveitis 70
Renal toxicity 85
Reslizumab 98
Rheumatoid
arthritis 3840, 70
factor 51
Rhinitis, allergic 17, 69
Rhinovirus 7
Rifampin 67
Rituximab 99
Rotavirus 7
Rupatadine 66, 67, 121
Ruxolitinib 80
S
Schistosoma mansoni 7, 40
Schnitzler syndrome 51
Sclerosis
amyotrophic lateral 70
multiple 38
Second generation antihistamines 15, 66, 79, 84, 120
advantages of 68
classification of 66t
use of 68t
Secukinumab 99
Serum creatinine 51
Shock, anaphylactic 11
Sinusitis, recurrent 47
Sjögren's syndrome 39, 54
Skeeters syndrome 57
Skin
biopsy 107
patch test 58
Solar urticaria 2, 24, 29, 30
Somatoform disorders 16
Spleen tyrosin kinase 100
Staphylococcus aureus 45
Steroids, systemic 117
Streptococcal infection 45
Stress, emotional 16, 38, 42
Strongyloides 7
stercoralis 10
Sulfasalazine 21, 80, 81
Sunlight 107
Sweating 11, 107
Sweet's syndrome 50
Systemic lupus erythematosus 18, 39
T
Tachycardia 65
Tacrolimus 80
Terfenadine 67
T-helper cells 14
Therapeutic patient education 22, 108
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin 100
Thyroglobulin 15
Thyroid function test 58
Thyroperoxidase 5, 15
Tissue factor 15
Tolypocladium inflatum 70
Tonsillitis 47
Topical spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor 100
Toxic erythema 18
Tranexamic acid 80, 82
Trauma 57
Tumor necrosis factor 80, 95
alpha 3, 23, 70, 101
U
Ultraviolet light 80, 81
Upper respiratory tract infections 9
Urinary retention 65
Urinary tract infections 7
Urticaria 1, 3, 4, 10, 13, 16, 3842, 44, 44f, 4648, 55, 58fc, 69, 88, 94, 104, 105f, 108, 110, 114, 120, 121
activity score 18, 60, 73, 86, 91
causes of 105
classification 1
control test 32, 58, 60, 61, 74, 91
diagnosis of 18, 98
diagnostic approach of 55, 56
factitia 27
management of 115
mechanism of 96
pathogenesis of 4f, 14, 94, 94fc
treatment of 98
types of 97, 105
Urticarial vasculitis 18, 51, 111
lesions of 52f
Uterine cramps 50
V
Vasculitis, experimental 38
Vibratory urticaria 2, 24, 32
Viral exanthem 50
Viral infection 46, 51
Vitiligo 17, 39, 40
Vomiting 11, 50
W
Weight gain 52
Wells syndrome 54
Western blot 15
Work impairment score 73
World Allergy Organization 1, 20, 44, 60, 72, 115
X
Xerosis 120
Y
Yersinia enterocolitica 40
×
Chapter Notes

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