Complications in Diabetes Mellitus: Bench to Bedside with a focus on Bone Metabolism and Osteoporosis Manoj Chadha
INDEX
ABCDEFGHIJLMNOPRSTUVZ
Page numbers followed by b refer to box, f refer to figure, fc refer to flowchart, and t refer to table.
A
Acarbose 16
Adenosine
monophosphate-activated protein 16
triphosphate 16
sensitive potassium channels 18
Adhesive capsulitis 38
Advanced glycation end products 4, 5, 9, 10, 31, 33, 40
Albiglutide 16
Alcohol consumption 9
Alendronate 25, 27
Alkaline phosphatase 9
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors 16
Amenorrhea, prolonged 9
Androgen deprivation therapy 9
Anticonvulsants 9
Antidiabetic drugs 16
Antiosteoporotic agents, types of 25fc
Antiosteoporotic drugs 26
Antiresorptive agents 25, 27
Antisclerostin antibody 26
Arthritis, crystal-induced 36, 41
B
Biguanides 16
Bisphosphonates 25, 27, 40
Blosozumab 26
Bone
architecture 3
cells 5
diseases of 36, 41
disorders 35, 36b, 46
health 10fc
histomorphometric analysis 4
indentation 45
markers 17
marrow adipose tissue 11
metabolism 1–3, 4f, 15, 16, 19f
normal 1
mineral density 5, 7, 10, 11, 15, 23, 31, 45
normal composition of 1, 2fc
quality 9
resorption 17
C
Calcitonin 26, 27
Calcium 22
dose of 24t
pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease 41
Canagliflozin 16
Carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks 33
Carpal tunnel syndrome 36, 39, 42
Celiac disease 8
Charcot's foot 40f, 42
prevalence of 40
X-ray of 40
Charcot's joint 36, 39
Cheiroarthropathy 36, 41
Collagen 1
Cushing's syndrome 9
Cyclic citrullinated peptides 41
D
Dapagliflozon 16
Delayed fracture healing 36
Dementia 9
Denosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase 16
Denosumab 25, 27
Diabetes mellitus 15, 30, 32, 35, 40
type 1 1, 2, 5, 7–12, 19, 30, 31, 36
type 2 1, 5, 7–10, 12, 19, 30, 31, 33, 36
Dickkopf-related protein 1 2
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis 36, 41
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 16, 18, 19, 24
inhibitors 18
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry 11
Dulaglutide 16
Dupuytren's contracture 36, 38, 38f
E
Eldecalcitol 45
Empagliflozin 16
Estrogen deficiency 9
F
Fibroblast growth factor 44
Fractures 30
epidemiology of 8, 31
fragility 9b, 10
healing of 32, 33fc
Frozen shoulder 36, 38
G
Gliclazide 16t
Glimipiride 16t
Gliptins 16t
Glucagon-like peptide-1 4, 16, 18, 19
agonists 18, 24
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide 18, 19
Glyburide 16t
Graves’ disease 8
H
Hematological malignancies 9
Hormone therapy 28
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy 44
Hyperglycemia 31
Hyperparathyroidism 9
Hypoglycemia 11, 22
Hypogonadism 9
I
Ibandronate 25, 27
Inflammatory diseases 9
Insulin 15, 19
like growth factor 1 4, 12
receptor 3
resistance 31
signalling, effect of 3
Insulinopenia 12, 31
Interleukin 31
Intra-articular corticosteroids 38
J
Jaw, osteonecrosis of 25
Joint
destruction 40
diseases of 36, 39
disorders 35, 36b
mobility 36
L
Lasofoxifene 26, 45
Liraglutide 16
Low bone mass 7, 9
M
Magnetic resonance imaging 4, 40
Malnutrition 9
Meglitinides 16, 18
Menopause, early 9
Mesenchymal stem cells 2, 4, 11, 13f, 17, 17f
Metacarpophalangeal joints 36
Metformin 16
effect of 19f
Minodronate 45
Monosodium urate, deposition of 41
N
Nateglinide 16, 18
Neuropathy, peripheral 11
Nocturia 11
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs 38
Nuclear factor kappa beta 2
ligand, receptor activator of 4, 25
O
Odanacatib 26
Oral hypoglycemic agents 10, 12, 15
types of 16, 16t
use of 12
Osteoarthritis 36, 40
Osteoblasts 2, 5
Osteoclasts 2, 5, 33
Osteocytes 1
Osteonecrosis 25
Osteopenia 7
Osteoporosis 7, 9, 9b, 12, 26, 36, 41
secondary 9
management of 22, 24fc, 28fc
prevention of 22, 27, 27t
treatment of 23, 27, 27t
Osteoprotegerin 2
P
Pamidronate 25
Parathyroid hormone 4, 5, 26
related protein 25
analogs 26
Peripheral high-resolution quantitative computed tomography 4
Peripheral vascular disease 11
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 3, 4, 13, 16, 17, 19
Pioglitazone 16
Polyuria 11
Prayer sign 37, 37f
Proton pump inhibitors 9
Proximal interphalangeal joints 36
R
Raloxifene 26, 27
Randomized controlled trials 18
Reactive oxygen species 4, 5, 10, 31
Recombinant parathyroid hormone 26
Repaglinide 16, 18
Rheumatoid arthritis 8, 9, 36, 41
Risedronate 25, 27
Romosozumab 26
Rosiglitazone 16
S
Sclerostin 2, 33
Selective estrogen receptor modulators 25, 26, 28
Setrusumab 45
Sitagliptin 16
Sodium
fluoride 27
glucose cotransporter-2 16, 24
inhibitors 12, 19
Steroids 9, 22
Sulfonylureas 16, 18, 24
receptor 18
Systemic lupus erythematosus 9
T
Table-top sign 37, 37f
Tamoxifene 26
Teneligliptin 16
Teriparatide 26, 27
Thiazolidinediones 12, 16, 17, 19, 22, 24, 33
effect of 13f, 17f
Tinel's test 39
Toremifene 26
Trabecular bone score 4
Trigger finger 36, 39
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 31, 33
U
Ultraviolet rays 23
V
Venous thromboembolism 28
Vildagliptin 16
Vision, impaired 11
Vitamin D 5, 23
intake 9
supplementation 22
Voglibose 16
Z
Zoledronate 25
Zoledronic acid 27
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