A
Aberrant inflammatory response 334
Abrasion chondroplasty 23
Abrasive 86
Absorbable screws 22
Abuse, skin stigmata of 274
Acetabular cup, bearing surfaces for 85
Acetabular position 73
Acetabular tear drop 47
Acetabulum, normal 39
Acetazolamide 143
Achilles tendon lengthening 188
Achilles tendonitis 167
Achondroplasia 180
Acrocephaly 17
Acromegaly 191
Acumed fibular rod system 365
Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions 30
Acute lung injury, transfusion related 30
Adam's forward bending test 135
Adductor tenotomy 178
Adenocarcinoma 226
Adhesive 86
Adipose tissue 207
Advanced foot collapse 171
Aitken 39
Albumin 29
Alcohol 174
Alderman's gait 28
Allen and Ferguson classification 257
Allis sign 46
Allopurinol 185
Alpha-blockers 335
Amikacin 240
Amoxycillin 240
Anaphylactic reactions 30
Anderson D’Alonso classification 259
Anencephaly 17
Aneurysmal bone cyst 209
clinical features 210
etiopathology 210
evolution of 211
radiology 210
treatment 211
Angle calculation 135
Angular deformities 55
blood supply 55
etiology 56
general examination 56
local examination 56
plane 56
radiograph 57
symptoms 56
Anhidrosis 316
arthritis 171
arthropathy of 188
deformity of 169
equines 171
instability, lateral 171
management of 179
Ankle injuries 283
classification 283
clinical features 284
complications 285
management 284
mechanism of injury 283
pathoanatomy 283
radiology 284
risk factors 283
Ankle sprain 282
classification 282
clinical features 282
management 282
pathoanatomy 282
radiology 282
Ankylosing spondylitis 202
Annular ligament reconstruction 245
Annulus fibrosus 126
Anoxia 174
Anterior abdominal incision 145
Anterior apprehension test 152
Anterior cruciate ligament tear 95
clinical presentation 96
investigations 96
management 97
natural history 95
pathoanatomy 95
pathophysiology 95
risk factors 95
Antifibrinolytic agent 370
Antituberculous drugs 240
Aortic injuries 290
Apixaban 34
Apley's compression test 96
Apley's grinding test 103
Apnea 181
Apparent equinus 176
Appendicular skeleton 17
Archaic indication 339
Arcuate sign 96
Arnold-Hilgartner grading 188
Arthrodiastasis 45
Arthropathy, inflammatory 167
Arthroscopic capsule release 155
Arthroscopic debridement 266
Arthroscopic portals made 97
Arthroscopic repair 266
Articular surface 78
Athetoid 175
Atlantoaxial joint 120
Atlantoaxial subluxation 202
Atraumatic corticotomy 330
Autogenous cells, transplantation of 23
Autografts 221
advantages 24
contraindications 24
disadvantages 24
generations 24
indications 24
prerequisites 24
recent advances 24
technique 23
Avascular necrosis 43
Azathioprine 204
B
Bacillus 236
Baclofen 177
Bado classification 243
Bakers cyst 106
Ball and socket osteotomy 54
Bankart repair, bumper effect of 153f
Barlow's test 46
Baumann angle, abnormal 277
Bead-pouch technique 231
Bed sores, prevention of 349
Bedaquiline 240
Bennet and Rolando fractures 266
classification 266
clinical features 267
complications 267
management 267
radiology 267
Beta-blockers 335
Bioabsorbable implants 369
advantages 370
clinical applications 370
complications 370
degradation 370
drawbacks 370
elimination 370
properties 369
types 369
Bioinert 352
Biplane intertrochanteric osteotomy 54
Birth weight, low 174
Bladder management 350
Bleeding disorder 226
Blocking agents 336
Blood
based preparations 353
clot 23
formation of 31
components 28
conservation 357
culture 233
pool image 304
transfusion, hazards of 29
vessels 309
Blue sclera 173
Blumensaat's line 108
Body, deep veins of 31
Bohler's stirrup 342
Bolts 331
bank 307
catabolism 4
classification of 207
defects 150
deformities, correction of 190
development of 15
forearm fractures 278
formation 7
fracture, local 173
fragility 173
loading, near normal 81
loss 303
mechanical axis of 57
morphogenic protein 353
pain 223
peg epiphysiodesis 53
stabilization 230
substitutes 351
turnover markers 7
Bony bankart 150
Bony resection 182
Botulinum toxin 177
Bouvier's maneuver 333
Bowel management 350
Brachial plexus 314
classification 315
clinical features 316
etiology 315
injury 317
Leffert classification 315
management 316
pathoanatomy 314
Breech position 45
Bridge plate 345
Broad spectrum 39
Brooker's classification 336
Bruck's syndrome 173
Bruner's rules 35
Buckle fractures 273
Bucks traction 342
Budapest diagnostic criteria 335
Buford complex 151
Bulbocavernosus reflex 252
Buttress plate 345
C
Café au lait 134
Calcaneofibular ligament 282
Calcaneoplasty 168
Calcific tendinitis 155
Calcitriol 4
Calcium 8
absorption 1
channel blockers 335
excretion 1
functions of 2
malabsorption 11
metabolism 1
preparations 1
Calf muscles 183
Calf tenderness 32
Camper chiasm 270
Canadian C-spine rule 260
Cancellous bone 20
Capreomycin 240
Capsuloligamentous structures 149
Carotid sheath 123
Carpal biomechanics 267
Carpal bone fracture 262
Carpal instability 267
clinical features 268
complications 268
dissociative 267
management 268
pathophysiology 268
radiology 268
severe 197
Carpus, subluxation of 206
Cartilage injuries 21
classification 21
clinical features 21
pathophysiology 21
radiographs 21
treatment 22
Caseous tissue 238
Cavus foot 171
Cement, types of 306
Cementing techniques, evolution of 306
Cervical
canal 129
disc arthroplasty 130
discectomy, anterior 257
flexion 129
hard collar 344
lordosis, loss of 129
neck pain 357
rib 200
vertebrae, typical 119
Cervical spondylosis 127
classification 129
clinical features 128
etiology 128
pathophysiology 128
radiology 129
treatment 130
Chance fracture 255
Chandler's disease 75
classification 75
clinical presentation 76
etiology 75
pathophysiology 76
radiological investigations 76
Charcot's arthropathy 171
Charnley's original tech 306
Chemical drain 143
Chemical sympathectomy 336
Chemotherapeutic agents 218
Chevron osteotomy 167
Chondromalacia patellae 301
Chondroplasty 22
Chondrosarcoma 302
Chromosomal abnormalities 69
Chromosome 179
Chronic Monteggia, management of 245
Chronic muscle disorders 312
Chronic regional pain syndrome 334
cardinal signs 335
differential diagnosis 335
epidemiology 334
management 335
pathophysiology 334
physical examination 335
radiology 335
risk factors 334
Clavicle osteotomy 182
Clavulanate 240
Clenched fist syndrome 335
Clodronate 9
Clostridium perfringens 296
Coagulation pathway 186
Cocaine 174
Colchicine 185
Collagen 18
advantages 18
applications 18
disorders 18
formation 18
defect 173
function 18
structure 18
types 18
Colles’ fracture, complications of 281
Comminuted intra-articular fracture, severely 197
Complex fractures 303
Congenital developmental disorder 179
Congenital high scapula 181
Congenital radio-ulnar synostosis 67
classification 67
clinical features 67
complications 68
etiopathophysiology 67
radiology 67
treatment 67
Congenital vertical talus 64
clinical features 64
differential diagnosis 65
etiopathology 64
radiology 65
treatment 65
Connective tissue, genetic disorder of 173
Conus medullaris syndrome 251
Core biopsy 209
Coronary ligaments 102
Coronoid fracture fixation 265
Corrective valgus derotational osteotomy 55
Corrosion 85
Corrosive wear 87
Cortical involvement 224
Cortical thickness 6
Costoclavicular space 199f
Coxa valga 281
classification 54
clinical presentation 54
complications 55
investigations 54
pathophysiology 54
treatment 55
Craniosynostosis 17
Craniotabes 3
Crankshaft phenomenon 136
Crouch knee gait 176
Crowding effect 45
Crush injuries 245
Cryoprecipitate 29
Crystalline arthropathy 197
Cushing's syndrome 76
Cycloserine 240
Cystic tumors, benign 357
D
Dabigatran 34
Dangerous hypocalcemic tetany 12
Dangerous limb 308
Dantrolene sodium 177
Darrach's procedure 206
Day care surgery 371
advantages 371
contraindications 371
factors 371
indications 371
open procedure 371
Dead limb 308
Dead space management 230
Debris 85
Deep sulcus sign 96
Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism 31
clinical features 32
etiopathogenesis 32
investigations 32
treatment 32
Degenerative disc disease 359
Degenerative spine disease, spectrum of 127
Delaminid 240
Delayed extravascular hemolytic reactions 30
Delbet classification 280
Deltoid artery 172
Dennis classification 255
Dental crowding 180
Dentinogenesis imperfecta 173
Dequervain's tenosynovitis 195
Destot sign 246
Developmental dysplasia hip 45
clinical presentation 46
etiology 45
management 48
radiological investigations 46
Diabetes mellitus 372
Diabetic foot infections 304
Diaphragm, rupture of 290
Diaphyseal angle 61
Diaphyseal fracture 274
Dickson-Diveley procedure 171f
Digastric muscles 123
Discectomy 142
Discoid meniscus 105
classification 105
clinical features 105
etiopathogenesis 105
investigations 105
treatment 105
Dishwater pus discharge 296
Dislocation 234
Distal femoral traction 342
Distal humerus 222
Distal realignment procedures 109
Distal soft tissue reconstruction 166
Distal ulna, dorsal prominence of 206
Divergent 286f
Donor selection 307
Dorsiflexion 197
Down's syndrome 62
Dressing 309
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry 6
Duchenne muscular dystrophy 182
Dugdale method 113
Dupuytren's contracture 193
Dural ectasia 148
Durkans test 192
Dwyer osteotomy 64
Dysbarism-Caisson's disease 76
Dysfunctional urinary bladder 337
Dysphagia 130
Dystonia 175
Dystrophia myotonica 183
Dystrophin analysis 183
Dystrophy 183
E
Ege's test 103
Elbow
extension 129
flexion 129
contractures of 181
pouch 344
structures of 264
terrible triad of 264
Electrode blade designs 362
Electrodiagnostic studies 312
Electrolyte disturbance 30
Elementary fracture 249
Elephant foot 323
Embryology 162
Emergency splints 344
Empty-notch sign 96
Endochondral ossification 16
Endocrine myopathies 226
Endoscopic procedures 371
Energy conservation 25
Enneking staging system 208
Epicondylitis, lateral 192
Epidural steroids 144
Epiphysiodesis 328
Epiphysis, sclerosis of 43
Epithelioid cells, formation of 236
Equinocavovarus 179
Equinovalgus 160
Equinus 179
Erectile dysfunction 350
Esophageal injuries 290
Ethambutol 240
Ethionamide 240
Etidronate 9
Extensor retinaculum, isolated lateral release of 109
External fixator 347
advantages 347
classification 347
complications 348
disadvantages 347
indications 347
Extra-articular fractures 266
F
Facet arthrosis 129
Facet joints 120
Facial nerve, branches of 123
Failed back syndrome 147
classification 147
evaluation 147
hematological investigation 148
management 148
radiograph 148
Fassier-Duval rods 174
Fat embolism 34
classification 34
clinical features 34
etiology 34
management 35
pathophysiology 34
radiological investigations 35
Fat pad sign, posterior 277
Fatigue wear 86
Febrile nonhemolytic reactions 30
Femoral attachment 95
Femoral bone reservation 81
Femoral condyle 95
Femoral fracture 91
Femoral neck fracture nonunion 82
classification 83
clinical presentation 83
management 83
pathogenesis 83
Femoral segment 39
Femoral stem position 73
Femoral tunnel placement 98
Femoroacetabular impingement 78
classification 79
clinical features 79
complications 81
investigations 79
management 80
Femur head 39
Ferromagnetic foreign bodies 302
Fetal alcohol syndrome 62
Fibrocartilaginous structure 126
Fine needle aspiration cytology 209
Finkelstein test 196
Fixed valgus deformity, used for 118
Flexible flat foot 164
Flexion distraction injuries 257
Flexor hallucis longus 161f
Fluorescent treponemal antibody 307
Fluorodeoxyglucose 304
Fluoroquinolones 240
Fondaparinux 34
Foramen magnum stenosis 181
Foraminal stenosis 129
Foraminotomy 130
Fovea sign, positive 266
classification of 266
configuration 83
displacement classification 276
dynamization of 296
healing 359
location 278
management of 190
multiple 173
non-comminuted 264
originate 275
pattern dictates approach 250
surgical management of 8
Fragile opaque teeth 173
Fragmentation 43
Freeze dried allograft 308
Friedreich's ataxia 171
Frozen shoulder 154
arthroscopic staging 154
classification 154
clinical stages 154
differential diagnosis 155
investigations 155
pathophysiology 154
treatment 155
Fujisawa point 113
Fulkerson's osteotomy 110
Fusion, posterolateral 146
Fusion-less surgery 130
G
Gabapentin 130
analysis 26
antalgic 28
circumduction 28
components of 25
high stepping 28
mechanism 162
pathological 26
stomping 28
training and assistive devices 350
waddling 181
Galeazzi sign 46
Gallow's traction 343
Ganglioside 253
Garre's operation 334
Gartland classification 277
Gas gangrene 296
clinical features 296
complications 296
pathophysiology 296
prevention 296
prognosis 296
risk factors 296
treatment 296
Gastrointestinal disorders 4
Gatifloxacin 240
GeneXpert 238
Genu valgum 109
Genu varum 181
Giant cell tumor 211
classification 212
differential diagnosis 212
pathology 211
radiological features 212
treatment 212
Gigli saw 124
Girdlestone-Taylor tendon transfer 170
Glenohumeral instability, types of 151
Glenohumeral joint 149
Glenoid arc 149
Glenoid cavity 149f
Glenoid version 149
Godfrey sign 96
Gower's sign 183
Gradient echo 301
Graft-versus-host disease 30
Grass, blade of 189
Grauer classification 259
Great toe sesamoids 298
Grey Turner sign 246
Gross motor function classification scale 175
Gurd's criteria 34
H
Haglund deformity 167
Hamstring tendon graft harvesting 97
Hard callus 19
Hardcastle and Myerson classification 285
Harrison's sulcus 3
Hawkin's sign 161
Head 3
Hearing loss 181
Heart disease, congenital 182
Heel strike 25
Hemangioma 238
Hematoma formation 19
Hemiplateau elevation 61
Hemivertebra 17
Hemodilution, acute normovolemic 31
Hemophilia 186
Hemophilic pseudotumor 188
Hemorrhage, source of 247
Hemostasis 339
Hemothorax, massive 290
Henry and Thorburn etiology classification 194
Hepa filters 355
Hereditary coagulation disorder 186
Herndon hump 52
Heroin 174
clinical features 336
complications 337
etiological classification 336
management 337
pathophysiology 336
Heuter-Volkmann law 55
High medial nerve palsy 320
High tibial osteotomy 112
contraindications 112
indications 112
principle 112
rationale 112
site 112
types 112
arthrodesis 84
biomechanics 71
applications 71
deformity, management of 178
disorders 70
hemiarthroplasty 84
incongruous 51
irritable 69
joint 73
classification 73
pain arthritis of 339
replacement, short stem 366
tuberculosis of 234
unstable 41
Hip resurfacing arthroplasty 81
components 82
contraindications 82
disadvantages 82
indications 82
recent advances 82
Histamine test, positive 315
Holden's classification 333
Homan's sign 32
Horizontal growth plate 80
Hormone replacement therapy 8
Household injury 269
Howship's lacunae 12
Hueston's table top test 194
Humeral head 156f
Humerus fracture, lateral condyle of 275
Humphrey ligament 102
Huvo's system 215
Hyaline cartilage 20
Hybrid fixator 332
Hydrocephalus, congenital 17
Hydroxychloroquine 203
Hyperthermia, malignant 226
Hypertrophy 199
Hypotensive episode 306
Hypothermia 30
Hypothesized viral infection 189
Hypothyroidism 191
I
Iatrogenic cartilage damage 94
Iliacus muscle 241
Iliopsoas compartment 241
Implant placement 58
In situ pins 53
Incisional biopsy 209
Industrial accidents 269
Inflammation 19
Insall-Salvati index 108
Interferential therapy 360
Interlocking intramedullary nailing 297
Intermetatarsal angle 166
Internal bone transport 332
Intervertebral foramen 120
Intra-articular fracture 110
Intra-articular pressure, negative 149
Intramedullary rods 174
Intramembranous ossification 15
Intravertebral vacuum phenomenon 139
Intrinsic muscle type, normal 333
Iron overload 30
J
Jaipur foot 340
contracture 272
deformity 186
development of 16
dysplasia 110
interphalangeal 69
involvement 202
line tenderness 96
location 110
movements, limitation of 219
pain 357
stabilization of 169
subaxial 120
Jones fracture 288
classification 288
clinical features 288
complications 289
management 288
pathoanatomy 288
radiology 288
Jump knee gait 176
K
Kager's triangle 289
Kalamchi modification 50
Kanamycin 240
Keller's procedure 167
Kidney disease, chronic 372
Kiloh-Nevin syndrome 319
Kite's angle 65
Klien's line, failure of 52
Klisic test 46
ankle foot orthosis 27f
arthroscopy 93
complications 94
indications 93
portals 93
recent advances 94
deformity, management of 178
disorders 70
flexion 115
intra-articular pathologies of 93
motion 115
osteoarthritis of 110
posteromedial corner of 94f
rotational alignment of 116
Kocher's criteria 233
Kuwada classification 289
K-wire fixation, percutaneous 267
L
Labrourer's nerve 318
Labrum 80
Lachman's test 96
Lacroix, ring of 273
Lambrinudi procedure 64
Lamellae 15
Laminar air flow 354
Laminectomy 146
Laminoplasty 130
Laminotomy 146
Langerhan's cell histiocytosis 139
Langerhan's giant cells 236
Lapides classification 338
Lapidus procedure, modified 167
Laprade anatomic reconstruction 102
Laryngeal nerve, superior 123
Lasers 357
Latarjet 154
Latency period 330
Lateral extra-articular tenodesis 94
Leflunamide 204
Legg-Calve-Perthes disease 69
Leighton 83
Lengthening index 330
Leukoerythroblastic anemia 223
Levofloxacin 240
Lewinnek safe zone 73
Lichtman classification 199
Linezolid 240
Ling's classification 134f
Lisfranc injury 285
classification 285
complications 287
management 286
pathoanatomy 285
pathophysiology 285
radiology 286
Lisfranc joint 285
Liver disease, chronic 372
Long saphenous vein 172
Longitudinal arch support 165
Longus colli 123
Lordosis 181
Low median nerve palsy 319
Low ulnar nerve palsy 320
Lubrication 87
Lumbrical plus finger 272
Lunate dislocation 268
classification 268
clinical features 269
complications 269
management 269
radiology 269
Luque trolley, modified 133
M
Madelung deformity 194
Malingering 335
Malunion 281
Mammillary processes 121
Mannerfelt syndrome 206
Matrix metalloproteases 111
Maudsley's test 193
Mayo procedure 167
McCune Albright syndrome 216
Meary's angle 65
Medial collateral ligament 264
Medial femoral circumflex artery 280
Medial parapatellar retinacular 117
Mehta's angle 133
Membrane, tectorial 120
Membranous bones 179
Menelaus method 327
Meniscal allografts 95
Meniscal cysts 106
clinical presentation 106
investigations 106
pathophysiology 106
treatment 106
types 106
Meniscal scaffolds 95
Meniscal transplantation 105
Meniscectomy 104
Meniscus 102
anatomy 102
classification of tears 103
clinical presentation 103
function 103
investigations 103
lateral 102
mechanism of tear 103
treatment 104
Merle D’Aubigne light bulb 78f
Mesoderm, lateral 15
Mesothelioma 226
Metacarpophalangeal fusion 272
Metacarpophalangeal joint flexion 321
Metaphyseal fracture 274
Metaphyseal vessels 280
Metaphysis, cupping of 3
Metastatic disease 238
Metatarsal base 288
Methotrexate 203
Methylcobalamin 130
Methylprednisone 144
Microfractures 22
Microscopy 183
Middle path regimen 239
Midfoot, columns of 285
Mill's maneuver 193
Miller Warner classification 102
Minimally invasive spine surgery 141
advantages 141
disadvantages 142
indications 142
principles 141
types 141
Miosis 316
Mirel's score 224
Missed compartment syndrome 170
Mitchell procedure 167
M-L taper hip prosthesis 366
Mobius syndrome 62
Monoarticular arthritis 232
Monosodium urate crystals 185
Monteggia fracture dislocation 243
clinical presentation 243
complications 245
management 244
mechanism of injury 243
radiology 244
Morel Lavallee lesion 260
clinical features 261
complications 262
differential diagnosis 261
management 261
pathophysiology 261
Morphological fixation 352
Moseley chart 328
Motor strength 251
Motor vehicle accidents 260
Movement, loss of 316
Moxifloxacin 240
Multiloc nailing system 365
Multiple tendon units 334
Munchmeyer's diseases 336
Musculoskeletal system develops 15
Mycobacteria growth indicator tube 238
Myelomalacia 129
Myelopathic signs 129
Myelopathy 128
Myocardial contusion 290
Myocutaneous flap 230
Myofascial plane 357
Myositis ossificans 336
Myotomes 129
Myxedema 191
N
Necrosis, ischemic 219
Neisseria gonorrhoeae 232
Nerve 309
blockade 336
conduction
studies 311
velocity 312
gap, reduction of 314
grafting 313
injury 313
repair 313
root blocks 144
complications 145
injection drugs 144
rationale 144
relevant anatomy 144
technique 144
use 144
stimulation 335
Neural bone 207
Neural decompression 239
Neurectomy 339
Neuroblastoma, metastatic 217
Neurofibroma 207
Neurofibrosarcoma 207
Neurogenic claudication 181
Neurogenic disorders 312
Neurolysis 313
Neuromuscular disease 171
Neuropathic claw foot 170
Neuropraxia 276
Neurorrhaphy 313
Neurovascular examination 167
Neutral crest cells 15
Nodule 193
Nonabsorbable screws 22
Nonfixation healing 105
Nonoperative adjunctive methods 325
classification 323
clinical features 324
complications 326
contraindications 326
devices 325
etiology 322
fracture 323
mechanisms 326
uses 326
Nortriptyline 130
Notochord 207
Notta nodule 69
Nucleus pulposus 126
Numbness 181
Nurick classification system 129
Nutritional rickets 4
O
Oberlin 317
Ober-Yount procedure 70
Obstetric paralysis 317
clinical features 318
differential diagnosis 318
pathophysiology 317
reconstructive procedures 318
risk factors 317
treatment 318
Obturator neurectomy 339
Occipitoatlantoaxial ligament 120
Ocular inflammation 10
O-Donoghue, unhappy triad of 95
Ofloxacin 240
Oligosynaptic sacral reflex 252
One leg hyperextension test 131
Open Bankart repair 153
Open fontanelles 180
Opposite limb 340
Orthostatic hypotension 350
Ortolani test 46
Osgood-Schlatter disease 190
Osinski reflex 252
Ossification centers 275
Osteoarthritis 359
hip 91
classification 91
clinical features 92
diagnosis 92
etiology 91
management 92
pathophysiology 92
radiological features 92
risk factors 91
knee 110
clinical features 111
etiology 110
investigations 111
management 111
pathophysiology 110
physical examination 111
primary 82
Osteochondral autograft transplantation 23
Osteochondral fragment 22
Osteochondritis dissecans 301
clinical features 219
differential diagnosis 219
etiology 219
malignant transformation 220
treatment 219
Osteochondroplasty 81
Osteochondrosis 190
Osteoconduction, degree of 351
clinical features 4
differential diagnosis 5
etiology 4
laboratory findings 5
radiograph 4
treatment 5
acute 227
chronic 227
classification 227
clinical picture 228
diagnosis 229
etiology 227
pathogenesis 227
surgical treatment of 230
treatment 229
Osteophyte formation 129
classification 5
clinical presentation 6
differential diagnosis 6
etiopathogenesis 5
laboratory investigations 7
primary 5
radiological examination 6
risk factors 5
secondary 5
treatment 7
Osteosarcoma 214
classification 214
clinical features 214
etiology 214
histopathology 215
prognosis 215
radiology 215
treatment 215
Otitis media, recurrent 181
Ottawa ankle rules 282
Overreaction 148
Oxidized zirconium 86
P
Packed red blood cells 29
Paget-Schroetter syndrome 199
Paley's classification 59
Palmaris longus tendon graft 272
Palpation 324
P-aminosalicyclic acid 240
Pancoast tumor 199
Papineau technique 230
Paralysis 316
Paralytic intrinsic muscle type 333
Paralytic wrist, stabilization of 197
Paramyotonia 183
Parathyroid disorders 11
classification 11
clinical features 11
investigations 12
psychiatric moans 11
radiography 11
treatment 12
Parathyroid hormone 11
classification 11
clinical features 11
investigations 12
psychiatric moans 11
radiography 11
treatment 12
Parathyrotoxicosis 11
Paraxial mesoderm 15
Paresthesia 181
Parkinson's disease 372
Patella
recurrent dislocation 107
clinical features 108
etiopathogenesis 107
management 109
pathophysiology 108
radiological examination 108
tendon bearing cast 341
contraindications 341
mechanism of action 341
uses 341
Patellofemoral fit 117
Patellofemoral joint mechanics 116
Pavlik disease 48
Pavlik harness 48
PBH, X-ray of 180
Pectus carinatum 3
Pediatric diaphyseal forearm fractures 278
Pediatric fractures
complications 275
management 273
mechanism of injury 273
principles 273
radiographic evaluation 274
treatment 275
Pediatric orthopedics 39
Pedicles 120
Pelkan spur 13
Pellegrini-Stieda lesion 96
Pelvic binder 344
Pelvic obliquity 177
Pelvic traction 342
Pelvis fractures 245
classification 246
clinical presentation 246
management 247
mechanism of injury 245
radiological evaluation 246
Pelvis, AP view of 246
Pemberton's osteotomy 50
Penicillamine 204
Peptic ulcer disease 11
Periacetabular osteotomy 92
Perilunate dissociation 268
Periosteal reaction 208
Peripheral nerve injuries 311
classification 311
diagnosis 312
etiology 311
pathophysiology 311
relevant anatomy 311
treatment 313
Periprosthetic hip fractures 87
Perkins line 47
Peroneal tendons 172
Pes cavus 160
Pes planus 160
Phalen's test 192
Phalen-Dickson sign 131
Phemister's triad 202
Phosphate depletion 4
Phosphorous carbon phosphorous bond 9
Physical therapy exercises 350
Pistol grip deformity 79f
Pivot shift test 96
Placental abnormalities 174
Plantar fasciitis 358
Plantar nerve, lateral 162f
Plasma tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 7
Plastic deformation 278
Plica types 106
Pluripotent 368
Poly arteritis, self-limiting 202
Poly dioxanone 369
Poly glycolic acid 369
Poly lactic acid 369
Polyethylene 85
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 9
Polypeptide hormone 11
Ponseti method 63
Posterior cruciate ligament injuries
clinical features 99
complications 100
function 99
management 100
pathoanatomy 99
pathophysiology 99
radiology 100
Posterolateral corner injury 100
classification 101
clinical features 101
complications 102
etiology 101
functions 101
pathoanatomy 101
radiology 101
Postganglionic injury 317
Post-polio residual paralysis 168
Postradiation sarcoma 224
Pott's spine, surgical management of 239
Pregabalin 130
Preganglionic injury 316
Pregnancy 191
Premature delivery 174
Pressure wound, negative 361
Progressive deformity, causes of 168
Progressive muscle dystrophy 182
Prothionamide 240
Protrusio acetabuli 202
Provocative Cozen's test 193
Proxima 366
Proximal femoral focal deficiency 39
blood supply 42
classifications 39
clinical features 40
etiology 42
radiology 40
treatment 40
Proximal realignment procedures 109
Proximal row carpectomy 269
Pseudofractures 4
Pseudogout 202
Pseudohyperparathyroidism 11
Pseudomeningocele 315
Psoas major muscle 241
Psoriatic arthritis 202
Psychiatric disease 335
Ptosis 316
Pulmonary artery, occlusion of 31
Pulmonary contusion 290
Pulmonary embolism 31
Pure muscular dystrophy 182
Pure radiculopathy symptoms 130
Pus, collection of 241
Pyrazinamide 240
R
Rachischisis 70
Rachitic rosary 3
Radicular pain 132
Radiculopathy 128
Radiocarpal arthritis 206
Radiocarpal joint destruction 202
Radiolunate fusion 206
Radionuclide therapy 225
Raloxifene 8
Rapid plasma reagin 307
Rationale 28
Ratliff classification 281
Raynaud disease 335
Reamer head 356
Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy 130
Regimental badge sign 152
Regional sensory disturbance 148
Regional weakness 148
Relocation test 152
Remaining skeletal growth 134
Renal aplasia 182
Renal losses 2
Replacement therapy 188
Residual paralysis 318
Respiratory infections 3
Retrocalcaneal bursitis 167
Retromandibular vein 123
Rhesus blood group incompatibility 174
Rheumatoid cervical spondylitis 202
Rheumatoid hand 205
Rheumatoid nodules 206
Rhythm of distraction 330
Rickets 2
clinical features 3
histology 3
laboratory investigation 3
monitoring 4
pathophysiology 3
radiology 3
rosary 13
treatment 4
Rifampicin 240
Rigid pes planus 162
Riluzole 253
Rivaroxaban 34
Robotics forced labor 373
Rocking horse gait 28
Rods 331
Rolando fractures 266
Romosozumab 8
Rose-Thorn appearance 48
Rotation, instant centers of 115
S
Sag sign 272
Salmonella osteomyelitis 231
Salter's osteotomy 50
Salter-Harris classification 274
Salvage osteotomies 51
Scalene muscles 199
Scalenus minimus 199
Scaphocephaly 17
Scaphoid non-union 262
anatomy 262
blood supply 262
classification 263
clinical features 262
etiopathogenesis 262
treatment 263
Scapholunate advanced collapse 197
Scapholunate dissociation 268
Scapular rotators 149
Scarf osteotomy 167
Schmorl's nodes, painful 139
Schrock, green procedure 182
Scissoring gait 28
Scleroderma 202
classifications 133
clinical presentation 135
congenital 182
curve corrections 300
management of 184
pathophysiology 135
Scorbutic rosary 13
Screw fixation 53
Screw properties 136
Scurvy 12
clinical features 13
differential diagnosis 13
epidemiology 12
management 13
pathophysiology 13
radiology 13
Seddon classification 333
Segmental bone loss 197
Selective dorsal rhizotomy 177
Selective estrogen receptor modulator 8
Selective nerve root steroid injections 130
Sentinel sign 246
Sepsis, neonatal 174
clinical features 232
differential diagnosis 232
imaging 233
laboratory findings 233
pathophysiology 232
risk factors 232
route of spread 231
treatment 233
Septic joint aspirate 233
Septic reactions 30
Septic shock 295
Sequestrum, types of 231
Serology 203
Serum alkaline phosphatase 337
Sexual development, normal 181
Sexual health 350
Shoe lift 328
Short limb gait 28
Short wave diathermy 359
applications 360
contraindications 360
effects 360
physiological effects 360
side effects 360
uses 360
Shuffling gait 28
Silver procedure 166
Silverskoid test 177
Singh's index 6
Sinus tarsi, artery of 172
Skeletal deformity 173
Skeletal maturity 135
Skeletal metastatic disease 304
Skeletal muscle healing 359
Skeletal reconstruction 220
Skeletal stabilization 347
Skeleton, development of 15
Skip lesions 302
Skull, X-ray of 180
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis 51
classification 52
clinical presentation 52
etiology 51
investigations 52
pathology 51
treatment 53
Small cell osteosarcoma 217
Small round cell tumor 226
Smith-Peterson anterior approach 280
Soft callus 19
abnormality, treatment of 80
allografts 308
defect 230
infection 335
shadows 202
visualization of 129
Somatosensory-evoked potentials 143
Somerville-transverse bikini incision 73
Southwick slip angle 52
Spastic hemiplegia 197
Spasticity 350
Sphincter dysfunction 251
Spica cast 49
Spinal approaches 123
Spinal balance 177
Spinal canal stenosis 181
Spinal deformities 181
Spinal infections 304
Spinal lesion 210
Spinal pseudoarthrosis 139
Spinal shock, characteristics of 252
Spinal stability 255
Spinal stabilization 239
Spinal surgery 190
Spinal trauma 301
Spinal tumor syndrome 238
Spiral cord 194
Split sternum 124
Spondylolisthesis 131
classification 131
clinical features 131
complications 132
management 132
radiology 131
Spondylolysis 131
classification 131
clinical features 131
complications 132
management 132
radiology 131
Sprains 358
Sprengel's shoulder 181
Spurling's sign 129
S-ROM stem 366
Stable hip 41
Staheli's shelf osteotomy 51
Stamping gait 28
Stanmore classification 151f
Stanmore instability classification 151
Staphylococcus aureus 232
Starlings resistor 76f
Static compression 346
Static encephalopathy 174
Steel blanch sign 52
Stener lesion 272
Sterilization, secondary 308
Sternum 17
Steroids 253
Stiff knee gait 176
Stone procedure 167
Streeters dysplasia 62
Streptomycin 240
Stress fracture 297
classification 298
etiology 297
fundamental principles 298
management 298
pathophysiology 297
radiology 298
Stride analysis 26
Stryker notch view 153
Submandibular gland 123
Subtalar arthrodesis 164
Subtalar joint 172
Sucking chest wound 291
Sudden death 181
Suicidal injury 269
Sulfasalazine 203
Supracondylar osteotomy 188
Supraspinatus tendon retraction 156
Sural nerve 172
Surgical correction 182
Surgical excision, margins of 208
Surgical sympathectomy 336
Swing phase 25
Swiss cheese trabeculae 3
Symmetric polyarticular joint involvement 202
Symphysis pubis, delayed closure of 180
Symptomatic disease, phases of 168
Synovial cell sarcoma 225
Synovial plicae
clinical features 107
etiopathogenesis 107
investigations 107
pathoanatomy 106
syndrome 106
treatment 107
Synovium 111
Syphilis 307
Syrinx formation 129
T
Talipes cavus 170
Talocalcaneal angle 65
Tandem stenosis 129
Tardieu test 176
Tarsal tunnel syndrome 161
Tendoachilles tendon rupture 289
clinical features 289
complications 290
etiopathology 289
management 289
pathoanatomy 289
radiology 289
Tendonitis 358
Tennis elbow 192
Teriparatide 8
Terizidone 240
Tetropectoralis minor space 199f
Thenar atrophy 192
Thessalys test 103
Thigh, reduction of 42
Thompson test 289
Thoracic aortic disruption 294
Thoracic modifier 134
Thoracic spine 124
Thoracic vertebrae 120
Thoracolumbar kyphosis 181
Thoracolumbar region 253
Three strike rule 220
Thromboembolic disease 350
Thrombus 31
Thumb 206
adduction 321
collateral ligament injuries 272
duplication 68
metacarpal fractures 266
pediatric disorder of 69
polydactyly 68
spice splint 272
Thurston-Holland fragment 276
Tibia vara 60
clinical features 60
complications 61
etiopathogenesis 60
radiology 61
treatment 61
types 60
Tibial insertion 95
Tibial nerve, posterior 162f
Tibial plateau 113
Tibial tendon insufficiency, posterior 164
Tibial tunnel placement 97
Tibiofemoral angle 56
Tile's classification 246
Tiludronate 9
Titanium elastic nailing system 365
Tizanidine 177
Toes 202
Tonnis classification 92
Tonnis roof angle 80
Torus fractures 273
Total arthroplasty 197
Total incongruity 285f
Total wrist arthrodesis 269
Totipotent 368
Tourniquet 35
classification 36
clinical presentation 37
complications 38
contraindications 36
etiology 36
investigations 37
parts 35
pathophysiology 36
physiological effects 36
treatment 37
types 35
Toxic synovitis 69
Toxins 174
Toygar's angle 289
Tracheobronchial injuries 290
Traction cords 343
Traction injury 315
Transient synovitis 69
Transverse incision, right-sided 123
Trapped osteoblasts 15
Traumatic anterior dislocation 153
Traumatic knee injuries 100
Trethowan's sign 52
Triamcinolone 144
Triangular fibrocartilage complex injury 265
classification 266
clinical features 266
degenerative 266
etiology 265
function 265
management 266
pathoanatomy 265
traumatic 266
Trident hands 180
Trigeminal neuralgia 357
Trigger finger 272
Triphasic bone scan 304
Triple helix 18
Trochanteric osteotomy 54
True equinus 176
Trueta's hypothesis 42
Tsuge modification 333
Tubercular debris 238
Tuberculosis, pathogenesis of 236
Tuberculous paraplegia, classification of 238
U
Ulnar collateral ligament 272
Ulnar diaphyseal shortening 266
Ulnar drift 206
Ulnar nerve 320
Ulnar osteotomy 245
Ultrasonography 337
Unicompartmental knee replacement 114
advantages 114
contraindications 114
indications 114
modes of failure 114
principle 114
recent advances 115
types 114
Uniform velocity 354
Unique registration code 308
Urinary retention 372
V
Van Nes rotationplasty 41
Varus derotational femoral osteotomy 45
Varus extension osteotomy 45
Varus stress tests 96
Vastus lateralis 183
Vaughan-Jackson syndrome 206
Vertebral column 17
Vertebroplasty 138
assessment and workup 139
complications 139
contraindications 139
indications 139
rationale 138
technique 139
Video-assisted thoracic surgery 140
advantages 141
complications 141
contraindications 141
disadvantages 141
indications 141
technique 140
Vimentin 226
Virchow's triad 90
Viscosupplementation 366
disadvantages 367
indications 367
mechanism of action 367
source 367
technique 367
Volar subluxation 206
causes 333
classification 333
differential diagnosis 334
functional evaluation 333
pathogenesis 333
treatment 334
Volkmann's sign 333
von Recklinghausen's disease 11
von Rosen view 47