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Recent Advances in Surgery 33 Colin D Johnson, Irving Taylor

SECTION ONE: SURGERY IN GENERAL
CHAPTER ONE:Advances in Technologies in Operating Theaters
- TYPES OF OPERATING ROOMS
- DIGITAL OPERATING TECHNOLOGY
- OPERATING THEATER EQUIPMENT
  - Laminar Flow Ventilation
  - Cyberknife
- OPERATING ROOM OF THE FUTURE
SECTION TWO: BREAST
CHAPTER TWO:UK Breast Screening After 20 Years
- INTRODUCTION
- PRINCIPLES OF BREAST CANCER SCREENING
- THE EVIDENCE FOR BREAST SCREENING
- DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE BREAST SCREENING PROGRAM (NHSBSP)
- THE SCREENING PROCESS WITHIN THE NHSBSP
- NHSBSP QUALITY ASSURANCE AND PERFORMANCE
- AREAS OF CONTROVERSY
- FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND ADVANCES
  - Radiological
  - Surgical
- CONCLUSION
SECTION THREE: ENDOCRINE
CHAPTER THREE:Recent Advances in Parathyroid Surgery
- VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM (HPT)
- GENE TESTING IN THE YOUNG
- LITHIUM ASSOCIATED HPT
- INTRAOPERATIVE ADJUNCTS TO PARATHYROID SURGERY
- CERVICOSCOPY
- PARATHYROID CANCER
- CRYOPRESERVATION
- MANAGEMENT OF PERMANENT HYPOCALCEMIA
SECTION FOUR: UPPER GASTOINTESTINAL (GI)/HEPATOPANCREATOBILIARY (HPB)
CHAPTER FOUR:Expanding Indications for Liver Transplantation
- INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
- DEMAND MANAGEMENT AND ORGAN ALLOCATION
- INDICATIONS FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
- SURGICAL DEVELOPMENTS TO INCREASE DONOR NUMBERS
- THE FUTURE
CHAPTER FIVE:Gallbladder Cancer: The Rationale for Aggressive Resection
- BACKGROUND
- RADICAL RESECTION IMPROVES SURVIVAL
- RADICAL SURGERY SHOULD BE CONSIDERED FOR ALL PATIENTS WITH DISEASE STAGES T1B OR GREATER
- RADICAL RESECTION FOR GALLBLADDER CANCER SHOULD TAKE PLACE IN A SPECIALIST CENTER
- WHAT SURGERY TO PERFORM?
- SUMMARY
CHAPTER SIX:Surgery for Chronic Pancreatitis
- SURGICAL OPTIONS FOR PAIN RELIEF
- TIMING OF SURGERY
- SURGICAL DRAINAGE OR ENDOSCOPIC TREATMENT FOR DUCT OBSTRUCTION
- CHOICE OF SURGICAL PROCEDURE
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER SEVEN:Non-variceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment
- INTRODUCTION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- ETIOLOGY
- CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INITIAL MANAGEMENT
- PATIENT STRATIFICATION
- MEDICAL TREATMENT
- ENDOSCOPIC MANAGEMENT
- TECHNIQUES FOR ENDOSCOPIC THERAPY
- MULTIDETECTOR ROW CT (MDCT) SCANNING
- PERSISTENT AND RECURRENT BLEEDING
- ANGIOGRAPHY WITH TRANSCATHETER EMBOLIZATION
SECTION FIVE: COLORECTAL
CHAPTER EIGHT:Colonic Pseudo-obstruction
- INTRODUCTION
- HISTORICAL CONSIDERATIONS
- DEFINITIONS
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- ETIOLOGY
- CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INVESTIGATION
- MANAGEMENT
  - Supportive Measures
  - Pharmacological Therapy
- ENDOSCOPIC DECOMPRESSION
  - Radiological Treatment
  - Surgery
- CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER NINE:Recent Advances in Surgery of Pelvic Floor Disorders
- INTRODUCTION
- PELVIC FLOOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY TEAM
- SYMPTOMS AND QUALITY OF LIFE
- SYMPTOM SEVERITY MEASURES
- QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNAIRES
  - Generic Questionnaires
  - Condition-Specific Questionnaires
- INVESTIGATIONS
- TREATMENT OPTIONS
  - Conservative
  - Neuromodulation
- SURGERY FOR OBSTRUCTIVE DEFECATION
CHAPTER TEN:Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision (TME) for Rectal Cancer
- RECTAL RESECTION WITH TME: DEVELOPMENT OF A GOLD STANDARD
- LAPAROSCOPIC TME
- IMPLEMENTATION OF A TRAINING PROGRAM IN LAPAROSCOPIC RECTAL RESECTION WITH TME
- ROBOTIC SURGERY
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER ELEVEN:Therapeutic Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Cancers
- INTRODUCTION
- THERAPEUTIC ENDOSCOPIC MODALITIES FOR GASTROINTESTINAL (GI) CANCERS
- THERAPEUTIC ENDOSCOPY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
- CURATIVE ENDOSCOPIC THERAPIES
  - Ablative Therapy
  - Endoscopic Mucosal Resection
- PALLIATIVE ENDOSCOPIC THERAPY
- THERAPEUTIC ENDOSCOPY FOR GASTRODUODENAL MALIGNANCY
  - Tumor Ablation in the Stomach
- ENDOSCOPIC STENTING OF THE STOMACH AND DUODENUM
- THERAPEUTIC ENDOSCOPY IN PANCREATICOBILIARY MALIGNANCIES
  - Distal or Non-Hilar Biliary Obstruction
  - Hilar Biliary Obstruction
- THERAPEUTIC ENDOSCOPY IN COLORECTAL MALIGNANCY
  - Endoscopic Treatment of Colorectal Lesions
  - Endoscopic Palliation for Malignant Large Bowel Obstruction
SECTION SIX: VASCULAR
CHAPTER TWELVE:Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
- INTRODUCTION
- SCREENING
- INDICATIONS FOR EVAR
- INFRARENAL ENDOVASCULAR ANEURYSM REPAIR
- STENT COMPLICATIONS
- EVAR FOLLOW-UP
  - Duplex Ultrasound
  - Imaging Interval
- LONG-TERM RESULTS
- EVAR FOR RUPTURED ANEURYSMS
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER THIRTEEN:Management of Vascular Injuries
- INTRODUCTION
- RESUSCITATION
- ASSESSMENT
- ENDOVASCULAR STRATEGIES
- SUMMARY
SECTION SEVEN: RANDOMIZED TRIALS IN SURGERY
CHAPTER FOURTEEN:Assessment of Randomized Controlled Trials in Surgery
- INTRODUCTION
- RANDOMIZATION PROCESS
- BLINDING OF PARTICIPANTS, PERSONNEL AND OUTCOME ASSESSORS
- INCOMPLETE OUTCOME DATA
- SELECTIVE REPORTING
- BASELINE IMBALANCE
- EARLY STOPPING
- ACADEMIC BIAS
- SOURCE OF FUNDING
- DIFFERENTIAL EXPERTISE
- CONCLUSION
CHAPTER FIFTEEN:Randomized Clinical Trials and Meta-analyses in Surgery 2009
- GENERAL
- INCISIONAL HERNIA
- UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL
- HEPATO-PANCREATIC AND BILIARY
- BARIATRIC SURGERY
- COLORECTAL
- BREAST SURGERY

INDEX

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Index

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Chapter Notes