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Practical Atlas of Computed Tomography
Hariqbal Singh, Sushil Kachewar
SECTION 1: RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1:
NORMAL LUNG
1.1 CT Lungs
Normal Anatomy
Segmental Division of Lungs
Axial Sections of CT Chest (Figs 1.1A to 1.1L)
2:
PULMONARY INFECTIONS
2.1 Consolidation Lung
2.2 Consolidation with Pneumothorax
2.3 Consolidation with Synpneumonic Effusion
2.4 Pulmonary Koch's
2.5 Tuberculous Lung Cavity
2.6 Sequelae to Pulmonary Koch's
2.7 Tubercular Lung Cavity with Paravertebral Cold Abscess
2.8 Miliary Tuberculosis
2.9 Fungal Ball
2.10 Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia
3:
TUMORS OF THE LUNG
3.1 Solitary Pulmonary Nodule 1
3.2 Solitary Pulmonary Nodule 2
3.3 Bronchogenic Carcinoma 1
3.4 Bronchogenic Carcinoma 2
3.5 Thoracic Neuroblastoma
3.6 Lymphoma Chest and Abdomen
3.7 Mesothelioma
3.8 Pleural and Pulmonary Metastases
3.9 Pleural Malignancy
4:
THE PLEURA
4.1 Hydropneumothorax 1
4.2 Hydropneumothorax 2
4.3 Pleural Calcification 1
4.4 Pleural Calcification 2
5:
TRAUMA
5.1 Pneumomediastinum
6:
MISCELLANEOUS CHEST CONDITIONS
6.1 Bilateral Emphysematous Chest
6.2 Eventration
6.3 Giant Multiple Lung Bullae
6.4 Bronchocele
6.5 Traction Bronchiectasis
6.6 Pre Tracheal Lymph Node
6.7 Carcinoma Breast (Bilateral) with Metastases
6.8 Idiopathic Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis 1
6.9 Idiopathic Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis 2
6.10 Idiopathic Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis 3
6.11 Pulmonary Embolism 1
6.12 Pulmonary Embolism 2
6.13 Pulmonary Embolism 3
6.14 Pulmonary Embolism 4
6.15 Pulmonary Embolism 5
6.16 Pneumoconiosis
6.17 Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
6.18 Jeune's Syndrome or Asphyxiating Thoracic Dystrophy
SECTION 2: CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM AND MEDIASTINUM
7:
HEART AND BLOOD VESSELS
7.1 CT Coronary Angiography
Normal Anatomy
Coronary Arteries
7.2 Normal Aortic Arch
Aortic Arch
7.3 CT Arch Angiography (Fig. 7.3)
Branches of Aortic Arch
7.4 Normal CT Angiography Intracranial Vessels (Fig. 7.4)
7.5 Normal Abdominal Aorta
CT Angiography Abdominal Aorta (Figs 7.5A to D)
7.6 Normal CT Angiography Abdominal Aorta (Figs 7.6A to J)
7.7 Normal CT Angiography Lower Limb (Figs 7.7A to G)
8:
MEDIASTINUM
8.1 Normal Anatomy (Figs 8.1A to I)
9:
THORACIC AORTA
9.1 Aortic Aneurysm
Case I : Aneurysm of Ascending Aorta
Case II: Aneurysm of Descending Thoracic Aorta
Aortic Aneurysm
9.2 Atherosclerosis Aorta
9.3 Coarctation of Aorta
9.4 Redundant and Tortuous Aorta
9.5 Sternal Sutures (Figs 9.5A to C)
10:
MEDIASTINAL CONDITIONS
10.1 Hodgkin's Lymphoma
10.2 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
10.3 Hydatid Cyst
10.4 Nerve Sheath Tumor
10.5 Pericardial Cyst
10.6 Teratoma
10.7 Thymoma
10.8 CT Guided FNAC
FNAC
SECTION 3: ABDOMEN AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
11:
NORMAL ANATOMY
Axial CT Section of Abdomen (Figs 11.1 to 11.14)
Axial CT Section Showing Appendix (Figs 11.15A and B)
12:
ESOPHAGUS
12.1 Hiatus Hernia
12.2 Carcinoma Esophagus 1
12.3 Carcinoma Esophagus 2
13:
STOMACH
13.1 Carcinoma
13.2 Carcinoma Pylorus (Figs 13.2A and B)
13.3 Lymphoma
13.4 Krukenberg Tumor
14:
INTESTINE
14.1 Infective-Inflammatory
1. Abdominal Koch's 1
2. Abdominal Koch‘s 2
3. Abdominal Koch's 3
4. Abdominal Koch's 4
5. Sigmoid Diverticulitis
6. Appendix
7. Nontoxic Megacolon
14.2 Neoplastic
1. Carcinoma Duodenum
2. Jejunal Angiodysplasia
3. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)
4. Adenocarcinoma of Ileum
5. Abdominal Sarcoma
6. Mesenteric and Peritoneal Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
7. Carcinoma Sigmoid Colon
8. Carcinoma Rectum with Metastases
9. Carcinoma Rectum
14.3 Miscellaneous
1. Direct Inguinal Hernia (Figs 14.3A to E)
2. Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) Syndrome
3. Small Bowel Strangulation
4. Thrombosis of Superior Mesenteric Vessels
15:
LIVER
15.1. Normal
Normal Liver Segments
Segmental Anatomy of Liver (Figs 15.1A to H)
Liver Segments
15.2. Infective-Inflammatory
1. Calcified Focus in Liver (Fig. 15.2A)
2. Amoebic Liver Abscesses
3. Hepatic Abscess (Figs 15.2F to I)
4. Hydatid Cyst Liver (Figs 15.2J and K)
15.3 Trauma
1. Hepatic Laceration
2. Hepatic Trauma
15.4 Neoplastic
1. Hemangioma Liver 1
2. Hemangioma Liver 2 (Figs 15.4G to I)
3. Hemangioma Liver 3 (Figs 15.4J to L)
4. Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH)
5. Hepatic Adenoma
6. Hepatocellular Carcinoma
7. Hepatic Metastasis 1
8. Hepatic Metastasis 2
Hepatic Metastasis from Mucinous Carcinoma of Transverse Colon
9. Hepatic Metastases 3
10. Hepatic Metastasis 4
11. Regenerating Hepatic Nodule (Figs 15.4AP to AR)
12. Simple Hepatic Cyst
13. Pneumobilia
15.5. Miscellaneous
1. Diffuse Fatty Infiltration of Liver
2. Focal Fatty Infiltration Liver
3. Transient Hepatic Attenuation Difference (THAD)
4. Liver Cirrhosis
5. Gaucher's Disease
Gaucher's Infiltration in Liver
6. Portal Vein Thrombosis
16:
BILIARY SYSTEM
16.1 Infective-Inflammatory
1. Gallstones
2. Acute Calculus Cholecystitis
3. Acute Acalculus Cholecystitis
4. Cholelithiasis in a Porcelain Gallbladder
5. Cholecystitis
16.2 Miscellaneous
1. Common Bile Duct Calculus (Figs 16.2A and B)
2. Obstructive Calculus Biliopathy
16.3 Neoplastic
1. Biliary Cystadenoma
2. Cholangiocarcinoma
3. Operable Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma
4. Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
17:
PANCREAS
17.1 Normal Pancreas
17.2 Infective Inflammatory
1. Atrophic Pancreatitis
2. Acute Pancreatitis
3. Acute Edematous Pancreatitis
4. Pseudocyst of Pancreas
5. Pancreatic Inflammation with Pseudocyst and Psoas Abscess
17.3 Trauma
Transection of Pancreas
17.4 Carcinoma Pancreas (Figs 17.4A to D)
17.5 Miscellaneous
1. Focal Fatty Infiltration Pancreas
2. Pancreatic Duct Calcification and Dilatation
18:
SPLEEN
18.1 Splenunculus
18.2 Splenic Trauma
18.3. Trauma
19:
ADRENALS
19.1 Adrenal Adenoma
19.2 Adrenal Leiomyosarcoma (Figs 19.2A to D)
20:
MISCELLANEOUS
20.1 Ascites
20.2 Epigastric Hernia
20.3 Lymphoma
20.4 Portal Hypertension 1
20.5 Portal Hypertension 2
20.6 Portal Hypertension 3
SECTION 4: GENITOURINARY SYSTEM
21:
NORMAL
21.1 Normal Renal Anatomy
Axial CT Sections of Male Pelvis (Figs 21.1C and 21.1D)
Axial CT Sections of Female Pelvis (Figs 21.1E to 21.1I)
21.2 Normal Seminal Vesicle
22:
CONGENITAL DISORDERS
22.1 Renal Aplasia
22.2 Pelvi Ureteric Junction (PUJ) Obstruction 1
22.3 Pelvi Ureteric Junction (PUJ) Obstruction 2
22.4 PUJ Obstruction with Calculus
23:
TRAUMA
23.1 Renal Trauma
23.2 Testicular Trauma
24:
INFECTIVE-INFLAMMATORY
24.1 Emphysematous Pyelonephritis
24.2 Pyelonephritis with Partially Thrombosed Renal Vein
24.3 Cystitis
25:
NEOPLASTIC
25.1 Renal Cell Carcinoma with Pulmonary Metastases
25.2 Renal Cell Carcinoma
25.3 Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)
25.4 Carcinoma Bladder 1
25.5 Carcinoma Bladder 2
25.6 Intradiverticular Bladder Carcinoma
25.7 Carcinoma Prostate
25.8 Carcinoma Prostate with Metastases
25.9 Seminoma Testis
25.10 Metastases from Seminoma Testis
25.11 Carcinoma Penis
25.12 Broad Ligament Fibroid
25.13 Endometrial Carcinoma
25.14 Carcinoma Cervix 1
25.15 Carcinoma Cervix 2
25.16 Carcinoma Cervix 3
25.17 Pyometra following Radiotherapy
25.18 Cystic Ovarian Tumor
25.19 Solid Ovarian Tumor 1
Bilateral Solid Ovarian Tumor
25.20 Solid Ovarian Tumor 2
25.21 Vulvar Carcinoma (Figs 25.21A and B)
26:
MISCELLANEOUS
26.1 Renal Pelvis Calculus
26.2 Ureteric Calculus
26.3 Obstructive Uropathy
Plain CT Abdomen Images Show
26.4 VU Junction Calculus
26.5 Vesicle Calculus
26.6 Hydrocele
CT Scan Shows Bilateral Hydrocele (Fig. 26.6)
26.7 Follicular Cyst
26.8 Simple Ovarian Cyst
26.9 Ovarian Vein Thrombosis
SECTION 5: MUSCLOSKELETAL SYSTEM
27:
TRAUMA
Fractures
1. Depressed Fracture Frontal Bone
2. Pneumocranium
3. Fracture of Parietal Bone
4. Fracture of Occipital Bone
5. Fracture Temporal Bone
6. Fracture Orbital Walls
7. Fracture of Orbital Floor
8. Fracture of Mandible
9. Fracture Facial Bones
Facial Fractures
10. Fracture of Mandible and Frontal Bone
11. Fracture Symphysis Menti
12. Fracture Dens and Body of Axis
13. Fracture Destruction Odontoid Process (Figs 27.13A to D)
14. Compression Fracture Vertebral Body
15. Fracture Scapula
16. Fracture Right Acetabulum (Figs 27.16A to D)
17. Fracture Neck Femur
18. Fracture Patella
19. Fracture Tibia-Fibula
20. Fracture Calcaneum
28:
INFECTIVE - INFLAMMATORY
28.1. Cold Abscess
28.2. Iliacus Cold Abscess
29:
NEOPLASTIC
29.1 Bone Island or Enostosis
29.2 Femoral Osteoid Osteoma 1
29.3 Femoral Osteoid Osteoma 2
29.4 Spinal Osteoma
Osteoid Osteoma
30:
MISCELLANEOUS
30.1 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
30.2 Avascular Necrosis (AVN) Femur
30.3 Osteochondritis Dissecans
Osteochondritis Dissecans of Tibial Plafond
30.4 Rickets
30.5 Loose Bodies in Shoulder Joint
SECTION 6: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
31:
NORMAL BRAIN ANATOMY
31.1 Axial CT sections of Brain (Figs 31.1A to J)
32:
CONGENITAL DISORDERS
32.1 Cavum Septum Pellucidum
32.2 Arnold-Chiari Malformations
32.3 Schizencephaly
32.4 Cranial Meningocele
32.5 Dolichoectatic Basilar Artery
33:
TRAUMA AND VASCULAR INSULT
33.1 Cerebral Contusion (Fig. 33.1)
33.2 Extradural Hematoma
33.3 Diffuse Cerebral Edema
33.4 Diffuse Axonal Injury
33.5 Post-traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
33.6 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 1
33.7 Thalamic Bleed
33.8 Cerebral Hemorrhage
33.9 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 2
33.10 Mixed Patterns of Hemorrhage
33.11 Epidural or Extradural Hemorrhage with Active Bleeding
33.12 Subdural Hematoma 1
33.13 Subdural Hematoma 2
33.14 Chronic Extradural Hematoma
33.15 Extradural Hemorrhage
33.16 Cerebrovascular Accident – Early Sign
33.17 Infarcts 1
Fresh Infarcts
Old Infarct
33.18 Infarcts 2
1. Temporal Lobe Infarct (Fig. 33.18A)
2. Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) Territory Infarct-1 (Figs 33.18B and C)
3. MCA Territory Infarct-2
4. Posterior Cerebral Infarct
5. Posterior Parietal Infarct
6. Pontine Infarct
7. Thalamic Infarct (Fig. 33.18J)
33.19 Gliosis as Sequelae to Infarct
33.20 Hemorrhagic Venous Infarct
33.21 Post-infarct Gliosis (Figs 33.21A and B)
34:
INFECTIVE-INFLAMMATORY
34.1 Ring Enhancing Lesions
34.2 Ring Enhancing Intracranial Granulomas (Figs 34.2A to E)
34.3 Tuberculoma
34.4 Cerebral Abscess
34.5 Temporal Lobe Abscess
34.6 Meningitis (Figs 34.6A to D)
35:
NEOPLASTIC
35.1 Intraventricular Lipoma (Figs 35.1A to D)
35.2 Glioblastoma Multiforme
35.3 Metastases from Lung
36:
MISCELLANEOUS
36.1 Intracranial Calcifications
Intracranial Physiological Calcification
36.2 Basal Ganglion Calcification
36.3 Calcification Putamen
36.4 Choroid Plexus Calcification
36.5 Craniotomy
36.6 VP Shunt
36.7 Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH)
36.8 Benign Enlargement of Subarachnoid Spaces (BESS)
36.9 Atrophy
36.10 Hepatic Encephalopathy
36.11 Lipoid Proteinosis (LP)
37:
SPINE
37.1 Normal Anatomy of Spine (Figs 37.1A to L)
37.2 Fracture Vertebral Body
37.3 Cervical Spondylosis
37.4 Craniovertebral Anomaly
37.5 Degenerated Disk with Vacuum Phenomenon (Figs 37.5A to D)
SECTION 7: HEAD, NECK AND FACE
38:
NORMAL ANATOMY HEAD, NECK AND FACE
38.1 Normal Anatomy Neck
38.2 Normal Anatomy Paranasal Sinuses (Figs 38.2A to M)
38.3 Normal Anatomy Temporal Bone (Figs 38.3A to H)
39:
CONGENITAL
39.1 Retention Cyst Epiglottis
39.2 Unilateral Michel's Aplasia
40:
INFECTIVE-INFLAMMATORY
40.1 Eyelid Abscess
40.2 Antrochoanal Polyp 1
40.3 Antrochoanal Polyp 2
40.4 Maxillary Polyp
40.5 Sinonasal Polyposis
40.6 Sinonasal Polyposis with Dehiscence of Lamina Papyracea
40.7 Cholesteatoma
40.8 Recurrence Cholesteatoma
40.9 Parotid Abscess
40.10 Cellulitis Neck after Shave
40.11 Ivory Osteoma Ethmoid Sinus (Figs 40.11A and B)
40.12 Ameloblastoma
Ameloblastoma of Mandible
41:
NEOPLASTIC
41.1 Carcinoma Gingivobuccal Space 1
41.2 Carcinoma Gingivobuccal Space 2
41.3 Carcinoma Tongue
41.4 Carcinoma Aerodigestive Tract (Figs 41.4A to F)
41.5 Carcinoma Nasopharynx
41.6 Nasolacrimal Duct Adenocarcinoma
41.7 Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma (JNAF)
41.8 Carcinoma Larynx
41.9 Carcinoma Larynx with Tracheostomy
41.10 Recurrence Carcinoma Larynx
41.11 Rhabdomyosarcoma Maxilla
41.12 Parotid Tumor
41.13 Parotid Lymphoma
41.14 Pleomorphic Adenoma Parotid
41.15 Glomus Tympanicum
41.16 Giant Cell Granuloma
41.17 Malignant Mass Submandibular Region
41.18 Carcinoma Thyroid
41.19 Toxic Multinodular Goiter
42:
MISCELLANEOUS
42.1 Polyp and Granulation Tissue Temporal Bone
HRCT Temporal Bone
42.2 Inverted Papilloma (Figs 42.2A to F)
42.3 PNS Post FESS
42.4 Laryngeal Cyst
42.5 Colloid Cyst Thyroid (Figs 42.5A and B)
42.6 Cystic Hygroma 1
42.7 Cystic Hygroma 2
42.8 Dentigerous Cyst
42.9 Phlebectasia Internal Jugular Vein
SECTION 8: MISCELLANEOUS
43:
ARTIFACTS
43.1 Artifact
43.2 Extrinsic Artifact
43.3 Partial Volume Artifact
44:
XENON CT
45:
UNKNOWN PRIMARY
SECTION 9: QUIZ
46:
QUIZ
Quiz No: 46.1
Answer
Quiz No: 46.2
Answer
Quiz No: 46.3
Answer
Quiz No: 46.4
Answer
Quiz No: 46.5
Answer
Quiz No: 46.6
Answer
Quiz No: 46.7
Answer
Quiz No: 46.8
Answer
Quiz No: 46.9
Answer
Quiz No: 46.10
Answer
Quiz No: 46.11
Answer
Quiz No: 46.12
Answer
Quiz No: 46.13
Answer
Quiz No: 46.14
Answer
Quiz No: 46.15
Answer
Quiz No: 46.16
Answer
Quiz No: 46.17
Answer
Quiz No: 46.18
Answer
Quiz No: 46.19
Answer
Quiz No: 46.20
Answer
Quiz No: 46.21
Answer
Quiz No: 46.22
Answer
Quiz No: 46.23
Answer
Quiz No: 46.24
Answer
Quiz No: 46.25
Answer
Quiz No: 46.26
Answer
Quiz No: 46.27
Answer
Quiz No: 46.28
Answer
Quiz No: 46.29
Answer
Quiz No: 46.30
Answer
Quiz No: 46.31
Answer
SECTION 10: PET-CT
47:
PET-CT
47.1 PET-CT Gantry (Fig. 47.1)
47.2 Cyclotron (Fig. 47.2)
47.3 Normal PET Images
47.4 Lung Metastasis (Fig. 47.4)
47.5 Splenic Metastases in Endometrial Carcinoma
PET-CT for Staging
47.6 Peritoneal Metastases in Ovarian Carcinoma (Fig. 47.6)
PET-CT for Restaging
47.7 Klatskin's Tumor
47.8 Umbilical Hernia
47.9 Wilm's Tumor (Fig. 47.9)
47.10 Renal Cell Carcinoma (Fig. 47.10)
47.11 Carcinoma Pancreas (Fig. 47.11)
47.12 Lymphoma
47.13 Rectal Melanoma
47.14 Carcinoma Prostate (Fig. 47.14)
47.15 Soft Tissue Sarcoma (Fig. 47.15)
47.16 Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
SECTION 11: RADIATION SAFETY MEASURES
48:
RADIATION SAFETY MEASURES
SECTION 12: CT CONTRAST MEDIA
49:
CT CONTRAST MEDIA
INDEX
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