4 Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd

4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj

New Delhi 110 002, India

Phone: +91-11-43574357

Fax: +91-11-43574314

Email: jaypee@jaypeebrothers.com

J.P. Medical Ltd

83, Victoria Street, London

SW1H 0HW (UK)

Phone: +44-2031708910

Fax: +44(0)20 3008 6180

Email: info@jpmedpub.com

Jaypee-Highlights Medical Publishers Inc

City of Knowledge, Bld. 235, 2nd Floor, Clayton

Panama City, Panama

Phone: +1 507-301-0496

Fax: +1 507-301-0496

Email: cservice@jphmedical.com

JP Medical Inc

325 Chestnut Street

Suite 412, Philadelphia PA 19106, USA

Phone: +1 267-519-9789

Email: support@jpmedus.com

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Ltd

17/1-B Babar Road, Block-B, Shaymali

Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207

Bangladesh

Mobile: +08801912003485

Email: jaypeedhaka@gmail.com

Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd

Bhotahity, Kathmandu, Nepal

Phone: +977-9741283608

Email: kathmandu@jaypeebrothers.com

Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com

Website: www.jaypeedigital.com

© 2017, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers

The views and opinions expressed in this book are solely those of the original contributor(s)/author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of editor(s) of the book.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers.

All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.

Medical knowledge and practice change constantly. This book is designed to provide accurate, authoritative information about the subject matter in question. However, readers are advised to check the most current information available on procedures included and check information from the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose, formula, method and duration of administration, adverse effects and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner to take all appropriate safety precautions. Neither the publisher nor the author(s)/editor(s) assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from or related to use of material in this book.

This book is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in providing professional medical services. If such advice or services are required, the services of a competent medical professional should be sought.

Every effort has been made where necessary to contact holders of copyright to obtain permission to reproduce copyright material. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publisher will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.

Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: jaypee@jaypeebrothers.com

First Edition: 2017

Second Edition: 2014

Third Edition: 2017

The foundation of medical curriculum is laid down by the subject of Human Anatomy, a discipline which deals with structure of human body and helps a student to understand and clinically correlate with function and disease conditions.

The authors of this manual have tried to create and develop the interest and holistic understanding of the subject through a slightly offbeat tract. We hope to take the reader into the depth of the subject by an illustrative approach. Our objective is to induce a student to think, recall and cultivate skills toward the knowledge of anatomy. The simple illustrations emphasize a better grasp and we have tried our best to keep it clear and basic to help the student to sail through the examination and retain the fundamentals. The student is advised to follow the instructions and practise on the illustrations after acquiring knowledge from standard textbooks.

Important questions have been included and it is hoped that these will help a student to answer the same in theory as well as in oral examinations and make the subject live and interesting.

To the best of our endeavor, the relevant information expected from a student has been incorporated.

We sincerely hope that this manual will be useful to a budding medical, dental, nursing and physiotherapy/ occupational therapy student.

We are indebted to our colleagues and reviewers for their support and encouragement toward making of this manuscript. Any inadvertent lacunae have been modified as per the suggestions of our readers from the previous edition and we would appreciate the same support in future as well.

Human Anatomy is a specialized field which lays the foundation of medical curriculum and helps students to understand and later clinically correlate the intricate structure of human body with disease conditions. To develop their interest and understand this subject holistically, we have ventured to wander to a certain degree from the well trodden road and lead the reader through its depth by an illustrative approach. Our objective is to induce a student to think, recall and cultivate skills toward the knowledge of anatomy. Our emphasis is on achieving a better grasp of the subject by simple illustrations. These have been meticulously incorporated to cover the syllabus and help the student to sail through the examinations. The same have been intentionally left unfinished so that the student can practise and complete them after acquiring the subject knowledge from traditional teaching. All important details have been included to the best of our endeavor. The relevant information required from a student has been incorporated with each illustration so as to work together for optimum pedagogy, reducing the amount of searching required to learn.

We sincerely hope that this manual will be useful to a budding medical, dental, physiotherapy and nursing student. We are indebted to our colleagues for their unstinting support and encouragement toward making of the manuscript.

There are bound to be inadvertant lacunae in this attempt of ours for which we would welcome comments and suggestions from students and teachers to help us in improving it in future.