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Principles of Sociology for Graduate Nurses
PR Nalini
CHAPTER 1:
Introduction
SOCIOLOGY
Definitions
Few Social Issues in Day-to-Day Life
SOCIOLOGY IN INDIA
Nature and Scope of Sociology
Sociology is a Mother of Social Sciences
The Meaning of Science
Sociology cannot be Regarded as a Science
Lack of Experience
Lack of Objectivity
Lack of Exactness
Terminological inefficiency
Sociology is a Science
SCOPE OF SOCIOLOGY
Specialist School
Synthetic School
Durkheim's View
Sorokin's View
Karl Mark's View
Ginsberg's View
Branches of Sociology
Rural and Urban Sociology
IMPORTANCE OF SOCIOLOGY
Importance of Sociology in Nursing
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Objective Type Questions
CHAPTER 2:
Individual and Society
SOCIETY AND COMMUNITY
DEFINITION OF SOCIETY
NATURE OF SOCIETY
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIETY
NATURE OF COMMUNITY
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNITY
THE PROCESS OF SOCIALIZATION
FACTORS OF SOCIALIZATION
AGENCIES OF SOCIALIZATION
INDIVIDUALIZATION
PERSONAL DISORGANIZATION
Classification of Personal Disorganization
Causes of Social Disorganization
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 3:
Culture
CULTURE
Definition
NATURE OF CULTURE
Culture is a Learned Behavior
Culture is Shared
EVOLUTION OF CULTURE
Perspectives on Culture
Components of Culture
Nonmaterial Culture—Nonphysical Objects
Material Culture—Physical Objects
Seven Social Institutions and Sociological Imagination
DIVERSITY AND UNIFORMITY OF CULTURE
Family System
Religion
Customs
Social Norms
Rituals and Ceremonies
Diversity of Culture
Language
Dress
Socialization
Customs
Ritual Ceremonies
Literature and Arts
CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION
School
Peer Group
Religion
TRANSCULTURAL SOCIETY
CULTURE INFLUENCE ON HEALTH AND DISEASE
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 4:
Social Groups and Processes
THE MEANING OF SOCIAL GROUP
Definitions
Characteristics of Social Group
Classification of Groups
Primary Group
Characteristics of Primary Group
Secondary Group
Importance of Secondary Group
Reference Group
Public Group
Social Class
Tribes
Caste
Political Group
Economic Group
Production
Distribution
Crowd
Types of Crowds
Casual Crowd
Conventional Crowd
Expressive Crowd
Active Crowd
Inactive Crowd
The Mob
Audience
Social Processes
Social contact
Communication
Associative Processes
Cooperation
Direct Cooperation
Indirect Cooperation
Accommodation
Different Methods of Accommodation
Yielding to coercion
Compromise
Tolerance
Arbitration
Conciliation
Conversion
Sublimation
Rationalization
Assimilation
Factors promoting assimilation
Dissociative Processes
Competition
Features of Competition
Forms of Competition
Conflict
Types of conflict
War
Isolation
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 5:
Population
POPULATION
Society and Community
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION IN INDIA: DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
Demography
Demographic Characteristics
World Population
Population of India in 2015–2016
Current Population in India 2016
MALTHUSIAN THEORY OF POPULATION
POPULATION EXPLOSION AND ITS EFFECT ON HEALTH
Effects of Population Explosion
FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMMES
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 6:
Family and Marriage
FAMILY
Characteristics of Family
Functions of Family
Distinctive Features of the Family
TYPES OF FAMILY
Based on Residence
On the Basis of Authority
Based on Ancestry
Based on Marriage
On the Basis of In-group and Out-group
Based on Organization
Characteristics of Joint Family
Advantages of Joint Family
Disadvantages of Joint Family
Functional Changes in the Family System
Modern Family
The Dowry System
Causes of Dowry Deaths
Legislation on Family and Marriage in India
MARRIAGE
Meaning and Types
Definition of Marriage
Characteristics of Marriage
Types of Marriage
On the Basis of Number of Mate
On the Basis of Choice of Mate
Marriage and Family Problems in India
Family, Marriage and their Influence on Health and Health Practice
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Questions
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 7:
Social Stratification
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITIONS
MEANINGS
ORIGIN OF STRATIFICATION
Types of Social Stratification
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION
The Caste
Indian Caste System
Major Theories Regarding the Origin of Caste System in India
Features of Caste
Hindu Social Reformers
Jyotirao Phule
Vivekananda
Gandhi
Affirmative Action
Social Class
Nature of Class
Class: Achieved Status
Class Structure Provides a Competitive Arena
Class Structure Provides a Motivating Force
Class Structure Provides Opportunity
Wealth
Power
Prestige
Class Consciousness
SOCIAL MOBILITY
Types of Social Mobility
Factors Contributing to Social Mobility
Westernization
Sanskritization
Modernization
RACE AS A BIOLOGICAL CONCEPT
Criteria of Racial Classification
Classification of Indian Races
RACISM
Class and Race
Influence of Caste, Class and Race on Health and Health Practices
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 8:
Types of Communities in India: Rural, Urban and Regional
COMMUNITY
Village Community
Features of a Village Community
PANCHAYAT SYSTEM
Various Committees on Panchayati Raj
The Panchayats Receive Funds from Three Sources
Village-level Panchayat
Block-level Panchayat
Functions
District-level Panchayat
Functions
Sources of Income
Social Dynamics
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN INDIA
Goals of Community Development Project
Organization
Criticisms
CHANGES IN INDIAN RURAL LIFE
Availability of Health Facilities in Rural Areas
Rural Health
CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN COMMUNITY
GROWTH OF CITIES
Smart City Mission: 2015
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE GROWTH OF CITIES
Resources
Industrialization and Commercialization
Availability of Transport and Communication Facilities
Economic Provision
Educational and Recreational Facilities
Recreational Facilities are Available in Cities
URBANIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON HEALTH
Slums
TRIBAL COMMUNITY
REGION
Regionalism
REGIONS IN INDIA
Region: Its Impact on Health
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 9:
Social Change
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITIONS
NATURE OF SOCIAL CHANGE
Processes of Social Change
FACTORS INFLUENCING SOCIAL CHANGE
The Diagram of Cultural Lag
Major Social Changes in the Society
Theories of Social Change
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 10:
Social System and Social Organization
SOCIAL ORGANIZATION
Definitions
Basic Elements of Social Organization
Society
Culture
Personality
Democracy and Authoritarian Modes of Participation
FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATION
Characteristics of Voluntary Organization
Functions of Voluntary Associations
SOCIAL SYSTEM
Definitions
Characteristics of Social System
Elements of Social System
Maintenance of Social System
Types of Social System
Morgan's Classification
Sorokin Classification
Durkheim Classification
Role and Status
Role
Status
Determinants of Achieved Status
Ascribed Status
Inter-relationship of Institutions
Interdependence of Institution
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Questions
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 11:
Social Control
MEANING OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Definitions
IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Reestablishment of the Old System
Regulation of Individual Social Behavior
To Establish Social Unity
Social Control Forms Social Solidarity
To Provide Social Sanction
To Check Cultural Maladjustment
TYPES OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Direct Social Control
Indirect Social Control
Organized Social Control
Unorganized Social Control
Spontaneous Social Control
More Spontaneous Social Control
Positive Social Control
Negative Social Control
Formal Social Control
Informal Social Control
MEANS OF SOCIAL CONTROL
FORMAL MEANS OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Education
Political System
Legal System
Religion
Economic System
Industrial and Technological System
AGENCIES OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Public Opinion
INFORMAL MEANS OF SOCIAL CONTROL
Norms
Values
Folkways
Mores
Custom
Law
Art
Fashion
ROLE OF A NURSE AND CONTROL MEASURE
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Answers
Fill in the Blanks
CHAPTER 12:
Social Problems
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS
The Meaning of Social Disorganization
Major Social Problems of India and other Countries: Its Causes and Solutions
Poverty
Causes of Poverty
Climatic Factors
Demographic Factors
Rapid Growth of Population
Size of Family
Personal Causes
Economic Causes
Social Causes
Steps to Eradicate Poverty in India
Increasing Employment
Industrial Decentralization
Improved Health Care Facilities
Marketing of Agricultural Products Should be Facilitated
Ancillary Industries in the Rural Sector
Land Reform Rules should be Made Stronger
Higher Focus on Cattle Breeding and Husbandry
Encourage Poverty Eradication Programs
The Awareness of Family Planning
Raising the Awareness About Society and Political Situation
The Government of India is Taking Some Special Steps to Eradicate Poverty
Housing
Homelessness
The Shortage of Housing
The Personal Situation of Homeless People
Congestion
Slum in India
Means to Overcome the Problem
Illiteracy
Causes of Illiteracy in India
Main Causes of Poverty
Efforts to Improve Literacy Level
Problems with Government Schemes
Food Supplies
Food Inflation
Importance of Food
Classification of Food
Causes of Food Shortage
Major Food Supplies and Distribution Problem
Urban Market Facilities and Management
Food Retailing
Prostitution
Statistics
Types of Prostitutes
Causes for Prostitution
Legislation on Prostitution
Future Programs (Rehabilitation)
Sex Education
Sex Workers
Rights of Women and Children
National Policy for the Empowerment of Women (2001)
Economic Empowerment of Women
Women Suffer from Lack of Independence in Economic Matters
Globalization
Women Empowerment in India
Women and Agriculture
Support Services
Social Empowerment of Women
Mahila Police Voluntary Services
Rights of Girl Child
Mass Media
Educational Program
Adult Education Centers
Employment and Income Generating Programs
National Committee on the Status of Women (1974)
Rights of Children
UN Declaration of the Rights of the Child
The Progress of Child Rights in India
Child Labor
Definition
Different Forms of Child Labor
Causes of Child Labor
Prevention of Child Labor
Legal Aspects of Child Labor
Child Abuse
Types of Abuse
Prevention of Child Abuse
Vulnerable Groups
Guidelines for Vulnerable Groups
Elderly
Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 2009
The Major Problems Faced by the Elders
Interventions to Overcome Problems of Elderly
Recommendations of WHO
Health Insurance
Age Care India
Handicapped
Major Types of Handicapped
Crippled Persons
Deafness
Mentally Handicapped
Leprosy
Minority Groups
Types of Minority Groups
Problem of Providing Protection
Problem of Lack of Representation in Civil Services and Politics
Problem of Separatism
Linguistic Minorities
Crime and Juvenile Delinquency
Crime
Female Infanticides and Sex Selective Abortions
Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
Arms Trafficking
Petty Crime
Cybercrime
Corruption
Social Factors
Rehabilitation
Juvenile Delinquency
Definition
Causes of Juvenile Delinquency
Reforming Juvenile Delinquents
SUBSTANCE ABUSE
Commonly Used Substances
Alcohol
Opioids Use
Marijuana
Cocaine and Crack Cocaine
Amphetamine Use
HIV/AIDS
Stages in the Development of the Disease
Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS (Prevention and Control) Bill, 2014
Social Welfare Planning in India
Social Welfare Schemes
ROLE OF NURSE
QUESTIONS
Essay Questions
Short Notes
Brief Answers
Fill in the Blanks
Previous University Examination Papers
INDEX
TOC
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