Editor
Rajeev Chawla MD FRSSDI FACP FRCP FACE
Senior Consultant and Director North Delhi Diabetes Centre
New Delhi, India
Foreword
Ashok K Das
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Recent Advances in Diabetes / Rajeev Chawla
First Edition: 2019
9789386261670
Printed at
fm5Dedicated to
My parents
It is their blessings which have made this book possible
My wife, Dr Rachna Chawla
Her unconditional love, endless patience, and moral support gave me strength and My children, Dr Astha, Dr Siddhant Trehan, and Aastik
Their encouragement, understanding, and forgiveness for having stolen precious time which was due to them.fm6
fm7Contributors
Editor
- Rajeev Chawla MD FRSSDI FACP FRCP FACE
- Senior Consultant and Director
- North Delhi Diabetes Centre
- New Delhi, India
Contributing Authors
- Sarita Bajaj MD DM FRCP
- Director-Professor and Head
- Department of Medicine
- Moti Lal Nehru Medical College
- Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Alaa Bashier MB CHB FRCP MSc
- Consultant, Department of Endocrinology
- Dubai Hospital
- Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Aastha Chawla MD
- Resident
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology
- and Leprosy, Sardar Patel Medical College
- Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
- Paresh Dandona BSc DPhil FRCP
- SUNY Distinguished Professor
- Director, Diabetes-Endocrinology Center of
- Western New York
- Chief of Endocrinology
- State University of New York
- Buffalo, New York, USA
- Sandeep Dhindsa MD FACE
- Associate Professor of Medicine
- Director
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Saint Louis University
- Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Husam A Ghanim PhD
- Research Associate Professor
- Department of Medicine
- State University of New York at Buffalo
- Buffalo, New York, USA
- Mohamed M Hassanein MB CHB CCST
- FRCP (Lond and Edin) MPhil
- Consultant
- Department of Endocrinology
- Dubai Hospital
- Dubai, United Arab Emirates
- Senior Lecturer, Cardiff University
- Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
- P Jabbar MD DNB DM DNB
- Additional Director and Professor
- Department of Endocrinology
- Indian Institute of Diabetes
- Trivandrum, Kerala, India
- Shalini Jaggi FRCP (Glasg and Edin)
- Consultant and Head
- Department of Diabetes
- Dr Mohans’ Diabetes Specialties Centre
- New Delhi, India
- Sanjay Kalra DM
- Consultant
- Department of Endocrinology
- Bharti Hospital
- Jothydev Kesavadev MD FRCP (Lond and Glasg) FACP
- Chairman and Managing Director
- Department of Diabetology
- Jothydev's Diabetes Research Centres
- Trivandrum, Kerala, India
- Faaizah Khan PhD
- Research Scientist
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional
- Sciences, King's College London
- London, England, UK
- SV Madhu MD DM
- Director-Professor and Head
- Department of Endocrinology
- Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and
- Metabolism
- University College of Medical Sciences and
- Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital
- New Delhi, India
- Viswanathan Mohan MD FRCP PhD DSc FNA
- FACP FACE MACP
- Director and Chief
- Department of Diabetology
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and
- Dr Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- John C Pickup MA BM BCh DPhil DSc FRCPath
- Emeritus Professor
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional
- Sciences
- King's College London
- London, England, UK
- Venkatesan Radha MSc PhD
- Head and Executive Scientific Officer
- Department of Molecular Genetics
- Madras Diabetes Research Foundation
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Banshi Saboo MD PhD MNAMS FRCP FACE
- Diabetologist and Metabolic Physician
- Department of Endocrinology
- DIACARE
- Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
- Zheng-Liang Zhi PhD
- Research Scientist
- Division of Diabetes and
- Nutritional Sciences
- King's College London
- London, England, UK
It gives me immense pleasure to write this forward for one of the best compendium on recent advances in diabetes edited by Dr Rajeev Chawla, one of the most astute clinician and researcher in Diabetes of our times; he is also the President-elect of the Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India.
Diabetes and its complications remain one of the most contemporary challenge globally and national. Not only the ravages of diabetes are relentless, but also the advances in the prevention, care and path breaking research in this disease.
This compendium of recent advances in diabetes, by Dr Chawla has really captured, in 12 chapters, the important epoch making advances in diabetes in the current times. I must mention that the contributors of the chapter are “who is who” in the field of diabetes in India and abroad. The topics covered are very appropriate.
One finds latest advances in classification of diabetes, the new concept on dirty dozen and “treacherous thirteen” of diabetes. The study of genomics in diabetes opens a newer vista for clinicians and researchers. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in type II diabetes is really a contemporary challenge with huge treatment avenues and this has been covered extensively. The chapter on Ramadan fasting for persons with diabetes gives very important clinical practical tips. The newer and upcoming antidiabetic drugs and siphoning blood glucose are novel therapies that find place of pride in this book. Gut microbiata and type 2 diabetes and the micro and macrovascular complications are very well covered. Technological advances including nano-technology and bionic pancreas are extremely important, clinically useful chapters. These really empower our physicians.
What is most important is the style of writing, easy reading and extensive references in this book. All the chapters are extremely well covered and are great clinical and academic feast for the readers. It is a great addition by Indian authors to a large problem we confront in India and this book fills in a great gap in the knowledge and will be very helpful.
I recommend this book for clinicians, academicians, researchers and for all the postgraduate students in Medicine, Diabetology and Endocrinology.
Ashok K Das MD PhD DNB FAMS FICP FACP FRCP
Professor and Head of Endocrinology and Professor of Medicine
Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences
Pondicherry
Former Professor and Head of Endocrinology and Medicine
Dean of JIPMER, Pondicherry
Past National President of RSSDI and API
fm11Preface
The rising prevalence of diabetes is a grave cause of concern for the whole medical fraternity globally. From being the 15th in the global list of causes of death in 1990, diabetes jumped to the 9th position in 2010. In South Asia, diabetes is ranked as the 10th most important cause of death. India currently represents 49% of the global diabetes burden with an estimated 72 million cases in 2017 as per the International Diabetes Federation, and projected doubling of these figures to 134 million by 2025.
The increasing prevalence of diabetes inherently translates into a large pool of people with micro- and macrovascular complications of this sinister epidemic, putting an enormous burden on the family, society, and the health care providers involved in the management of the disease due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with it.
My book, “Recent Advances in Diabetes,” is a humble effort on my part to update the busy internists and primary physicians who because of their busy practices cannot find enough time to update themselves with the current concepts and advances as well as the future trends in this field.
This book offers a crisp and balanced overview of the pathophysiology as well as management of diabetes to not only the beginners but also for the established clinicians having a thirst for research and detail. Every attempt has been made to highlight the clinically relevant points that serve as a quick referral guide on the topic concerned.
fm13Acknowledgments
I am indebted to Dr Shalini Jaggi for reviewing all the chapters and the final manuscript with extreme enthusiasm, passion, and commitment. She has not only contributed by giving her extremely valuable inputs but also did not shirk to make certain changes even at the last moment to make this book a very comprehensive one. She has been always a positive critic of mine, helping me improvise on my writings. But for her help, this book of mine would not have seen the light of the day.
I express my gratitude to all my co-authors and contributors who have gone all the way to write for this book in spite of their very busy schedules. It spells their utmost commitment to bring out a state-of-art update book.
It gives me extreme pleasure to express my gratitude to Dr Neeraj Choudhary, Senior Editor, from Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., who not only prompted me to write this book but also served as catalyst throughout the project. But for his pursuance, it would not have been possible to write this book with my busy schedule. He and his team members—Gladden Saveio, Neha Bhatia, and Manoj Kumar, provided me the editorial support and helped me shape my writings into a concrete book. Dr Neeraj Choudhary has put enormous efforts not only in researching all the references but also in drafting this manuscript meticulously. His commitment and dedication to this endeavor is praiseworthy.
I shall be failing in my duty if I don't acknowledge the contribution made by my daughter, Dr Aastha Chawla, and my son-in-law, Dr Siddhant Trehan, for having contributed to not only the text of this book but also in the execution of the final manuscript. But for their encouragement, my long cherished desire of writing this book would not have been a reality. I thank my son Aastik Chawla from the core of my heart who helped me in procuring many important images from literature as well as drawing the others in simple format all through the writing of this book.
I shall be failing in my duty if I donot thank the publishers and the entire publication team for putting their tireless efforts to make this project possible.