Editors Prafulla Kumar Maharana MD DNB
Assistant Professor Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi, India
Namrata Sharma MD
Professor Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi, India
Atul Kumar MD FAMS
Professor and Chief Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) New Delhi, India
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Ophthalmology Clinics for Postgraduates
First Edition: 2017
9789386322890
fm5Dedicated to
My parents, Mr Devendra Maharana and Mrs Binadini Maharana
—Prafulla Kumar Maharana
My parents, Dr Ramesh C Sharma and Mrs Maitreyi Pushpa
My husband, Dr Subhash Chandra; and, Daughter, Vasavdatta
—Namrata Sharma
My late parents, Mr Sanat Kumar and Mrs Swarna Kumar
My wife, Mrs Parul Kumar; and, Children, Aman and Arshi
fm7Contributors
- Atul Kumar MD FAMS
- Professor and Chief
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Adarsh Shashni MD
- Senior Resident Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Aditi Dubey MBBS MS (Ophthal)
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Gandhi Medical College
- Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Amar Pujari MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Ashish Markan MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Ashutosh Kumar Gupta MS
- Graded Specialist, Ophthalmology
- Military Hospital
- Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Aswini Kumar Behera MD
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Bijnya Birajita Panda MS FICO (UK)
- Consultant
- Kar Vision Eye Hospital
- Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Brijesh Takkar MD FICO FAICO
- Senior Research Associate
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Deepali Singhal MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Devesh Kumawat MD DNB
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Devika S Joshi MS
- Fellow
- Narayana Nethralaya
- Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Dewang Angmo MD DNB MNAMS FRCS
- Assistant Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Dhaval Patel MD
- Consultant
- Centre for Sight
- Dheepak Sundar MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Divya Agarwal MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- D Satyasudha MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Esha Agarwal MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Harathy Selvan MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Harika Regani MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Jeewan S Titiyal MD
- Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Jennil Shetty MBBS
- DNB Resident
- LV Prasad Eye Institute
- Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Jyotiranjan Mallick MS (Ophthal)
- Senior Resident
- Department of Ophthalmology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Karthikeya R MD DNB
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Mandeep S Bajaj MD
- Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Manpreet Kaur MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Namrata Sharma MD
- Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Neelima Aron MD DNB FICO
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Cenre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Patil Mukesh Prakash MBBS MD FICO
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Prafulla Kumar Maharana MD DNB
- Assistant Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- Prakhar Goyal MBBS DNB
- Consultant
- Goyal Eye Hospital
- Narnaul, Haryana, India
- Pranayi Behera MS
- Senior Resident
- Department of Ophthalmology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- Pranita Sahay MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Cenre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Prateek Kakkar MD DNB FICO FAICO
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Priyanka Ramesh MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Pulak Agrawal MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Raghav Ravani MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Rajesh Pattebahadur MD
- Senior Resident
- Department of Ophthalmology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Rajesh Sinha MD
- Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Ritika Mukhija MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Ritu Nagpal MD
- Fellow Cornea
- LV Prasad Eye Institute
- Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Ruchita Falera MD DNB FICO
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Ruchir Tewari MD
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Sagnik Sen MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Sandeep Gupta MS DNB MNAMS
- Associate Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- Armed Forces Medical College
- Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Sapna Raghuwanshi MS
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Ophthalmology
- LN Medical College
- Saranya Devi K MD DNB FICO
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Shipra Singhi MD
- Consultant
- ASG Eye Hospital
- Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Shorya Vardhan Azad MS
- Assistant Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Shreyas Temkar MD DNB FICO FAICO
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Swati Phuljhale MD
- Assistant Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Talvir Sidhu MD DNB
- Senior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Tushar Agarwal MD
- Professor
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- New Delhi, India
- Vaishali Ghanshyam Rai MBBS DNB
- Senior Resident
- Department of Ophthalmology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Varsha Varshney MBBS MS
- Senior Resident
- Department of Ophthalmology
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
- Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Yamini Attiku MBBS
- Junior Resident
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences
“The whole art of medicine is in observation”.
—Sir William Osler
Postgraduate exam is one of the most difficult and stressful milestones in the medical profession. It entails tremendous amount of stress on the candidates who appear for the exam. The never-ending knowledge of ophthalmology makes it quite difficult to revise all the cases from the standard textbooks before the exams. Further, the presentation of cases—long case or short case—is completely in a different format from what is given in the standard textbooks. Most of the time, the candidate fails to present the case properly in spite of good theoretical knowledge. The primary reason for this is that the format in which a topic is discussed in textbooks is completely different from that required for a practical exam.
This book attempts to present the important topics in a format that is exactly same as required in the practical exams. The primary focus is on history taking and proper clinical examination of the cases. Every effort has been made to describe the procedures of clinical examinations in such a way that the candidate can perform these examination techniques accurately in front of the examiner. Special emphasis has been given to the differential diagnosis of the cases, which is often a favorite question amongst the examiner. Clinical photographs of the cases as well as the important signs and investigation findings have been provided that will help the students for better understanding of the cases. The cases are being selected after discussing with experts in this field as well as candidates who have recently appeared in various postgraduate exams. Each chapter ends with a section on viva-voce questions that will help the candidates to mentally prepare for the viva before the final exam. In addition, a chapter on instruments has been included which is invariably a part of all postgraduate practical exams. The editors and all the contributors have made sincere efforts to make things simple and concise and to facilitate quick and thorough revision. However, it must be remembered that this is not a substitute to standard textbooks. The readers are encouraged to read standard textbooks before going through this book. This will make their understanding and application of this book more rewarding.
The editors wish best of luck to the students for their exams!
Prafulla Kumar Maharana
Namrata Sharma