A
Abdominal wall defects 298
Achondroplasia 297f
Adenomyotic uterus, power Doppler of 84f
Adnexal malignancy, detection of 138
Adnexal signs 304
Adrenal androgen production 168
Amniotic bands 308
Androgen Excess Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Society 169
Androstenedione secretion 189
Anechoic adnexal cystic lesion, B-mode ultrasound image of 325f
Anechoic ovarian cyst, thin-walled 324f
Anesthesia 312
Angiography 29f
Anti-Müllerian hormone 181
Arnold-Chiari malformation 298
Arteriovenous communications 130f
Aspiration needles, several designs of 313
Automated volume calculation 214
B
Basal ovarian stromal blood flow 207
Bicorporeal uterus 70f
Bird's nest appearance 119f
Blood
disorganized 130
follicular 225f
presence of 321
vessels
around follicle 226f
corpus luteal 205f
heterogeneous distribution of 355f
homogeneous distribution of 355f
typical malignant distribution of 101f
Body stalk abnormalities 296
Brain vesicles 279
Bulky uterus 82f
C
Calvarium 283f
Carcinoma, endometrial 100
Cardiac activity 290
Carotid vessels 281f
Caudal pole 278f
Cavum septum pellucidum 29f
Central echogenic stroma 170f
Central hyperechoic endometrial line 334
Cephalic pole 278f
Cervical
anomalies, classification of 72
whole length of 268
cerclage 56
die 120
typical of 302f
funnelling, presence of 270
dynamic assessment of 266
lesions 72
three dimensional ultrasound surface rendered image of 265f
mucus 239f
surgery 265
ultrasonography 270
wall, anterior 48f
anatomy of 258f
anterior wall of 261f
B-mode
long section of 239f
transvaginal scan of 268f
double normal 72
long axis of 266f
posterior
surface of 264f
wall of 262f
power Doppler ultrasound image of 260f
single normal 72f
thickened posterior lip of 263f
transvaginal assessment of 258
transverse section of 259f
ultrasound examination of 265
Chaotic vascular architecture 128
Chlamydia trachomatis 135
Chocolate cyst 116
Chorioamnionitis 329
Choriodecidual separation 266
Chorionic tissue, tumors of 306
Clinical touch method, ultrasound-guided instead of 322
Cochrane database systematic review 322
Cogwheel sign 138
Comet sign 274f
Cord round neck 292
Coronal spine, B-mode ultrasound image of 294f
Curved cervices, B-mode ultrasound image of 269f
Cusco's speculum 318
Cystadenofibroma 343
Cystic adnexal lesion 135f
Cystic degeneration 74f
Cystic dilatation, huge balloon-shaped 136f
Cystic endometrial hyperplasia 89
B-mode image of 127f
contents of 341
internal wall of 341
mixed 341
multiple separate 137f
nonseptated 128f
thick walled 116f
thin walled 127f
three dimensional ultrasound volume of 127f
Cystic walls, characteristics of 131
D
Delivery, premature 62
Diabetes, maternal 297
Diamniotic monochorionic twin 309f
Diaphragm 285
Diethylstilbestrol exposure 265
Diethysterol 65
Dominant follicle, perifollicular vascularity of 224
Double bleb sign 276
Double decidual ring sign 275
Ductus venosus flow, abnormal 297
Dyspareunia 119
Dystocia 62
E
Ellis forceps 318
Embryo 278f
formation of 273
four-cell stage of 318f
cannula 259
technique 322
ultrasound guided 321f
Embryonic heart, cardiac activity tracing of 291f
Endometrial
calcifications 99
cavity 49f, 55f, 59f, 62f, 64f, 65, 65f, 78f–80f, 89f, 90f, 96f, 97f, 139f, 146f, 151f, 154f, 161f, 162f, 238f, 243f, 274f, 302f, 304f, 336
fluid 239f
length of 345
regular shape of 86
Doppler 252
flow 241f
growth 244
rate 244
length 345f
metaplasia, stages of 102
monitoring 255
obliterated 87f
thickness of 47
diagnosis of 104
ring sign 240
shape, symmetry of 40
stroma 102
surface 338f
growth rate of 244
measurement of 346f
tip-pit distance 65
vascularity 253f
volume 101f
walls, equal thickness of 139f
Endometrium 9f, 15f, 40–42, 43f, 45, 76f, 87f, 90f, 91, 91f, 94, 99f, 100, 102, 103f, 232, 237, 238f, 240f, 243f, 243f, 245, 246f, 250f, 308f, 333, 333f
acute inflammation of 86
assessment of 252
B-mode features of 244
central
part of 241f
convex medial margins of 59f
cyclical changes in 237
cystic hyperplasia of 89f
early proliferative 45f
flecks in 87
inner layer of 87
non-homogeneous 102
folding of 59f
fundal end of 93f
isoechoic 254f
monitoring of 242
morphology of 245
preovulatory 45f
outer hyperechoic margin of 240f
overgrowth of 88
penetrating 15f
posterior wall of 151f
synechiae 95f
thick
echogenic 253f
thickened 87f
hyperechoic 102f
thin 255f
tissue strands crossing 336f
Estrogen 237
European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy Classification 66
European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology 66
Exomphalos 298
F
Face, coronal section of 293f
Federation of International Gynecologists and Obstetricians 128
Female genital tract, evaluation of 1
Fertile controls 195
Fetal
abnormality 294
aorta 281f
face profile 292f
head
axial sections of 284f
color Doppler of 17f
transverse section of 283f
true midsagittal section of 291f
movements, absence of 300
neural canal 295f
pole 288
reduction 326
procedure of 326
thorax 329f
trunk, transverse section of 299f
affect fertility 80
myometrial margin of 76f
peripheral vascularity typical of 94
posterior subserosal 78f
rim-like vessels for 94
subendometrial submucosal 307f
subserosal 76
three-dimensional power Doppler
glass body rendered image of 84f
studies of 77f
Fire, ring of 203
Follicle
arrangement of 183
aspiration equipment 314f
B-mode ultrasound image of 223f
calculate
number of 229f
volume of 30f
color Doppler ultrasound image of 225f
count, total 216f
cyst 108
small 123f
number per ovary 172
rupture of 114f
size of 221
three-dimensional ultrasound 30f
acquired volume of 227f
total volume of 180f
tracking 205
vocal-calculated volume of 227f
Follicular
assessment 221
growth 184
rim sign 124f
ring 123
rupture 204f
tracking 205
cyclical changes in 201
volume assessment 221
Four-chamber heart, B-mode ultrasound image of 293f
Frontal bones, scalloping of 298
Fundus, normal direction of 82
G
Gallbladder 285f
Gel vaginosonography 120
Genetic syndrome 184
Gestational age 279
abdominal ectopic 305
abnormal 288f
location of 300
anechoic circular 305
appears, scan after 275
diameter 287f
early 307f
irregular 288f
large 288f
peritoneal ectopic 305
small 288f
twin 301f
Growth pattern, abnormal 286
Gynecologic Imaging Report and Data System 132
H
Hernia, umbilical 279
Higher pulse repetition frequency 18
High-resistance flow 102
Holoprosencephaly 296
Hormonal therapy 343
Hydatidiform mole, pseudopartial 98
Hystero-contrast-sonosalpingography 159f
Hysteroscopy, virtual 52
I
Implantation, early signs of 274
Inferior vena cava 297
International Endometrial Tumor Analysis 333
International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 190
Intra-amniotic infection 329
Intracavitary fluid 336f
Intraendometrial lesions 40
Intraendometrial power Doppler area 248
Intraovarian cystic structure 110
Isthmic length 269
L
Leiomyomatosis, multiple 81f
Lens 285f
Leydig cell tumor 121
Limb abnormalities, major 296
Linear endometrial midline 86
Lithotomy position 324
Liver 285f
Low-pulse repetition frequency 172f
Low-resistance flow 195f
Lucent serpiginous vascular structures 15f
M
Magnetic resonance imaging 57
Major abdominal vessels 281f
Malignancy
possibility of 342
suggestive of 129f
three-dimensional power Doppler vascular characteristics of 130f
Malignant tumors, features of 132
Mature fetal head 283f
Mean follicular number per ovary 192
Mean ovarian diameter and size 206
Medial endometrial shape 65
Megacystis 298
Meig's syndrome 121
Membranes, premature rupture of 329
Menstrual cycle
mid-proliferative phase of 238f
preovulatory
period of 239f
phase of 249f
proliferative phase of 108
Microaneurysms 130f
Micropolyposis 87
Morphologic scoring system 126
Morphological uterine sonographic assessment 50
Multifollicular development 31f
Multiloculated cystic structure, thin walled 111f
Myoma 339f
Myometrial description 349
Myometrial dipping 65
Myometrial echogenicity 354
Myometrial fibers 73
Myometrial thickness 350f
Myometrial vascularity 84f
N
National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence 164
Neisseria gonorrhoeae 135
Neural tube, development of 279f
Nontuberculous chronic inflammatory lesions 87
Normal ovary, typical of 211f
Nose, echogenic tip of 291
O
Oligoovulation 169
Omphalomesenteric duct 277f
Oocyte retrieval 311
Optimum pressure 222f
Orbits 285f
Orthogonal planes 329f
Osteogenesis imperfecta 296
Ovarian cancer, personal history of 343
Ovarian dysgerminoma 122
Ovarian echogenicity, total 186
Ovarian enlargement 180
Ovarian epithelial carcinomas 106
Ovarian mass lesion, B-mode image of 129f
Ovarian reserve 206
Ovarian stromal vascularity 212f
Ovarian tissue 107f
Ovarian tumor, exophytic 122f
Ovarian vessel 16f
baseline scan of 210
B-mode ultrasound
assessment of 210
central solid part of 16f
cyclical changes in 201
dermoid of 124f
enlarged spherical 180
ipsilateral 55f
large 197
multicystic 186f
nondominant 232
periphery of 219f
sclerocystic 168
stroma of 180f
three-dimensional power Doppler
acquired images of 173f
ultrasound-acquired volume of 214f
three-dimensional ultrasound acquired
vocal-calculated volume of 188f
P
B-mode image of 187f
color Doppler ultrasound image of 193f
pathophysiology of 196
Rotterdam criteria of 182f
typical 182f
Postcurettage endometrial collection 97
Potassium chloride injection 328
Pouch of Douglas 203
abdominal 306
biochemical 244
growth of 286
losses, repeated mid-trimester 265
normalcy of 273
study of 273
tubal ectopic 140f
twin 327f
Progesterone 237
Pseudosac 304t
Pulsatility index 249
Pulsed wave Doppler 17
R
Receptive endometrium, Doppler features of 246
Red blood cells 19
Red Indian head appearance 120
Residual endometrial cavity 301f
Respiratory distress syndrome 326
Retinopathy 326
Rim sign 107
Rokitansky protuberance 124
Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists 164
S
Salpingitis 138
Salt and pepper appearance 82f
Scars, postmyomectomy 102
Sepia chroma 245f
Septae, incomplete 325f
Septal defect, large ventricular 298f
Septal vascularity 111f
Septate cervix 72
Serosa 46
Sertoli cell tumor 121
Simple ovarian cyst 132f
Situs inversus 297
Sliding organ sign 142
Smooth multilocular tumor 343
Snowstorm appearance 82f
Solid papillary projection 341
Sonosalpingography 97
Spina bifida 298
Spinal defects, major 298
Stomach 285f
Stromal area 187
Stromal blood vessels 193f
Stromal vessels, spectral Doppler of 208f
Subendometrial pathologies 43
Subendometrial zone, thickening of 102
Suction catheter, double lumen 313f
T
Teratomas 124
Tissue interface, maintenance of 46
Transabdominal scan 31
Transrectal scan 30
Transvaginal cervical assessment 269
Transvaginal saline sonohysterosalpingography, three-dimensional 155
Transvaginal salpingosonography 152
pelvis, B-mode image of 152f
prescan protocol for 3
probe position and orientation 35f
transverse section, contrast-enhanced 162f
True sac 304t
Truncus arteriosus 298f
Tube, vertically-oriented interstitial part of 87
Tuberculous chronic inflammatory lesions 87
Tubular cystic lesion 137f
U
B-mode ultrasound image of 222f
diagnosis 169
guided procedures 311
myometrial assessment on 352
scanner
switchboard of 11f
touch screen of 212f
three dimensional 119
Uterine
acquired 72
anomalies, congenital 66
aplasia 53
assessment of 252
Doppler 248
higher resistance of 195f
moderate resistance in 196
waveform, pulse Doppler analysis of 248
body 65
depth 321
perfusion 20f
scar 102
septum 62f
signs 304
vascularity 18f
power Doppler study of 19f
vasculature 15f
Uterosacral die 120
abnormalities of 52
absent of 54f
antero-posterior diameter of 346f
anteverted 255f
aplasia 71
aplastic 71
B-mode
scan of 87f
transvaginal ultrasound image of 158f
body of 61f
color Doppler image of 155f
complete bicorporeal 70
contrast-enhanced image of 159f
cornu of 147f
coronal
cyclical changes in 237
demonstrates 252
diagnosis of 57
uterine cornua of 57f
fibroids of 74f
infantalis 68
longitudinal
measurements of 243f
lower segment of 96f
margins of 302f
measuring length of 345f
midsagittal
mobility of 46
monitoring of 242
nonpregnant 139f
orientation of 36
position of 36
posterior wall of 83f
presence of 54f
anteflexed 38f
secretory phase B-mode scan of 87f
separate cornua of 57f
septum of 63f
serosa, smooth contour of 73f
size of 85f
three-dimensional ultrasound coronal plane imaging of 89f
transverse
diameter of 346f
tuberculous involvement of 88f
typical hourglass contour of 302f
ultrasound of 50
V
Vaginal anomalies, classification of 72
Vaginal ultrasound transducer 312f
Vascular endothelial growth factor 196
Vascularity score 342
Vasovagal syncope 152
Veins, sacculation of 130
Virtual organ computer-aided analysis 175