Practice Pearls in NEUROLOGY
Practice Pearls in NEUROLOGY
Series III
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Practice Pearls in Neurology—Series III / Bhanu Kesavamurthy, D Vasudevan, AV Srinivasan
First Edition: 2020
9789389188509
Printed at
Our parents who made us good human beings.
Our teachers who have guided us to become excellent neurophysicians.
Our students and patients who made everything worthwhile.
CONTRIBUTORS
EDITORS
- Bhanu Kesavamurthy DNB DM FMMC FRCP
- Director of Neurosciences, Mehta's Hospital Pvt. Ltd.
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Former Director
- Institute of Neurology, Madras Medical College and
- Government General Hospital
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- D Vasudevan MD DM
- Professor and Head
- Department of Neurology
- Saveetha Medical College
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Senior Consultant Neurologist
- The Brain, Spine and Nerve Center
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- AV Srinivasan MD DM PhD FAAN FIAN DSc (Hon) FRCP (Lon)
- Emeritus Professor
- The Tamil Nadu Dr MGR Medical University
- Former Head and Professor of Neurology
- Institute of Neurology, Madras Medical College
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS
- Ambika Selvakumar MBBS DO DNB FMRF
- Director, Department of
- Neuro Ophthalmology
- Sankara Nethralaya, A Unit of Medical Research Foundation
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Anil Venkatachalam MD DM
- Consultant Neurologist and Movement Disorders Specialist
- Nanavati Hospital
- Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Anusha Doraiswamy MD DM DNB
- Consultant Neurologist
- MD Neuro Clinic
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Balasubramanian Samivel MBBS MD DM
- Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Institute of Neurology
- Madras Medical College
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Chandramouleeswaran Venkatraman MBBS MD DM
- Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Institute of Neurology
- Madras Medical College
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- CU Velmurugendran MD DM FAMS FRCP DSc (Hon Causa)
- Professor Emeritus
- Dr MGR Medical University
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Dipali Nemade MD MPH
- Department of Neurology
- Marshall University School of Medicine
- Huntington, West Virginia, USA
- Ebin Siby Pharm D
- Research Scholar
- Coimbatore, India
- Harish Jayakumar MD
- MRCP (UK) DM FEBN
- Consultant Neurologist
- JK Institute of Neurology
- Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Jawahar Marimuthu MBBS MD DM
- Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Institute of Neurology
- Madras Medical College
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Jayasankar VR MBBS MD
- Senior Resident in Neurology
- Thrissur, Kerala, India
- Kala Venkiteswaran PhD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Penn State College of Medicine
- Hershey, PA, USA
- Swetha Komma MBBS DO DNB
- Fellow in Neuro Ophthalmology
- Sankara Nethralaya
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Philo Hazeena MD DM
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Pranesh Bheemarao Madakasira MD DM
- MRCP (London)
- PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
- Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Senthilnathan MD DM
- Consultant Neurologist
- Fortis Malar Hospital
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Shameer Palliyali MBBS MD
- Senior Resident in Neurology
- Malappuram, Kerala, India
- S Saravanan MD DM
- Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Tirunelveli Medical College
- Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India
- Thangaraj M MBBS MD DM
- Professor and HOD
- Department of Neurology
- Government Thanjavur Medical College
- Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
- Thyagarajan Subramanian MD
- Professor of Neurology and Neural and Behavioral
- Sciences
- Department of Neurology
- Penn State College of Medicine
- Hershey, PA, USA
- Venkatesan Rajmohan MBBS
- Consulting Physician
- Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Vikram Shivkumar MD
- Assistant Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Marshall University School of Medicine
- Huntington, West Virginia, USA
- Vinothkanna Selvaraj MD DM
- Associate Professor
- Department of Neurology
- Saveetha Medical College Hospital
- Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
It is a great pleasure to write this foreword for Practice Pearls in Neurology, Series III. This is indeed a real collection of pearls. Neurological manifestations of systemic disorders are common. Renal dysfunctions are commonly associated with acute neurological syndromes and vice-versa. These have been highlighted as well. Neuro ophthalmology with approach to visual loss is written well. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is gaining importance particularly in neurological practice and has been dealt with in detail. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is more often dealt with by neurologists than neuro surgeons and the topic has received the attention it deserves. The cranial nerve conditions—Trigeminal Neuralgia and Bell's Palsy have been described with attention devoted to the complex anatomy and physiology of these two nerves. Practical management of these two conditions covering all aspects has been appropriately highlighted. It is beneficial to undergraduates, postgraduates and consultants to read the ‘Approach to Brachial Plexopathies’ which describes the applied anatomy, clinical manifestations, electro physiology and treatment including surgical approach. The dilemmas in anticoagulant therapy in neurology have been controversial. These have been dealt with clearly.
Neurogenic dysphagia and its management have been described comprehensively yet succinctly. Five chapters have been devoted to parkinsonism which is a common neurological disorder. It is refreshing to note the clear discussions in all these chapters which include—Early Parkinson's Disease, Levodopa-induced Dyskinesias, Approach to Falls and Freezing in Parkinson's Disease, Continuous Dopaminergic Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease and Parkinson-plus Syndromes.
The contributing authors have painstakingly scanned through the literature and judiciously combined it with their own experiences, the result of which is this commendable booklet. It is a very useful handbook for students, residents, consultants and experts in neurology.
Special thanks to Dr D Vasudevan, Dr Bhanu Kesavamurthy and Dr AV Srinivasan who have taken all efforts to make this pearl very useful to the Neurological community.
Padma Shri Prof. CU Velmurugendran
MD DM FAMS FRCP DSc (Hon Causa)
Professor Emeritus
Dr MGR Medical University
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
PREFACE TO SERIES III
The overwhelmingly positive response to the first two books in the Series of Practice Pearls in Neurology has been the stimulus for the compilation of this final volume. Continuing to abide by the same principles which served us well in the earlier volumes, we have selected a wide range of topics with immense practical value to complete this series. As with the earlier volumes in this series, the expertise and experience of the faculty shines through each chapter. We are profoundly grateful to all the faculty members for their contribution to the successful realization of our goal of completing this series within specified timelines. It is our hope and belief that this final volume will round off this series covering many poorly charted areas in the neurological map and be of abiding use and value to the practitioners and students of neurology. We are grateful to Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd for their seamless guidance and help in bringing out these three series. Without the continued and selfless support of our families, this endeavour would not have fructified.
Bhanu Kesavamurthy
D Vasudevan
AV Srinivasan
PREFACE TO SERIES I
Practice Pearls in Neurology has been conceived and executed as a unique compilation of the topics elaborated in the annual seminars which go by the same name. These seminars have been conducted over the past three years and will be continued in the years to come. The abiding principle of these day long seminars have been to present commonly encountered (but seldom dealt with in standard books in a practically useful manner) conditions, in such a way as to help the novice as well as the adept. The presentations are aimed at focusing on knowledge or experience crystallized over the years into valuable pearls of wisdom pertaining to the topics under consideration.
A galaxy of teachers with rich clinical experience are the faculty for these seminars. This compilation of select topics gleaned from the collection forms Series 1 of the Practice Pearls in Neurology Series. The contributing authors have dealt with their respective topics in a succinct and exemplary manner. We are grateful to all the authors for both their excellent contribution and their patience. We are especially delighted that the doyen of neurology, Professor CU Velmurugendran agreed to write the foreword for this book. We are grateful to Mr MB Kumaresh menon and Ms Sheetal Arora at Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers for their help. We are thankful to our families for their constant support.
AV Srinivasan
D Vasudevan
Bhanu Kesavamurthy