Epilepsy in Special Population: Clinical Pearls Rajiv Anand, Deepak Arjundas
INDEX
Page numbers followed by b refer to box, and t refer to table.
A
American Epilepsy Society Guidelines for Status Epilepticus 23t
Aminophylline 15t
Amnesia 26
Anticonvulsant drug levels 21
Antiepileptic drugs 2, 6, 8, 11, 16t, 18, 19, 19t, 22
specific 15
Arterial blood gas 21
Atazanavir 19t
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 2
B
Barbiturates 12
Benzodiazepine 12, 23
Beta-blockers 15t
Beta-lactam antibiotics isoniazid metronidazole 15t
Blood
cultures 21
urea nitrogen 14
Bone mineral density 10
Breast milk, concentrations in 11
Bupropion 15t
C
Calcium 13
Carbamazepine 16t, 19t, 26
Carotid doppler ultrasonography 14t
Catamenial epilepsy 9
Central nervous system 18
Centrotemporal spikes, benign childhood epilepsy with 2
Chlorpromazine 15t
Clobazam 19
Clomipramine 15t
Clozapine 15t
Cognitive impairment, migraine sleep problems 2
Complete blood count 13t
Continuous spike-and-wave during sleep 2
Cortical brain tumors 5, 6
Creatinine 14t
Cyclic antidepressants 15t
E
Efavirenz 19t
Electroencephalogram 22, 25
Electrolytes 13
Epilepsy 1, 4-6, 6t, 8, 13
diagnosis of 4t
juvenile
absence 4, 6
myoclonic 4, 6
photosensitive 5, 6
post-traumatic 25
prevalence of 13
reading 5, 6
surgery 16
syndromes 2t, 4t, 6t
treatment for 6
treatment for 6
types of 9
Eslicarbazepine 10t
F
Felbamate 12
Fosphenytoin 23
G
Gabapentin 10t, 11t, 16t, 20t
Glucose and electrolyte levels 21
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs 9
H
Hepatic function 15
Highly active antiretroviral therapy 19t
Holter monitoring 14t
Hormone replacement therapy 10
Human immunodeficiency virus
antiepileptic drugs for 19t
infection, complications of 18
Hypoxia ischemia 1
I
Intracranial hematoma 26
L
Lacosamide 10t, 16t, 20t
Lamotrigine 8-11, 16, 19
Landau–Kleffner syndrome 2t
Levetiracetam 9, 10t, 11t, 16t, 19t, 23t
Life-threatening neurologic disorder 21
Liver function tests 14t, 21t
Lopinavir 19t
Lorazepam 23t
Lumbar puncture 14t
M
Magnesium 14t
Maprotiline 15t
Medroxyprogesterone 9
Methylphenidate 15t
Midazolam 19t
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 15
N
New antiepileptic drugs
during pregnancy, serum concentrations of 10t
use of 26
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor 19
O
Olanzapine 15t
Oxcarbazepine 8-11, 16t, 19t
active metabolite of 11
P
Panayiotopoulos syndrome 2
Perampanel 16
Pethidine 15t
Phenytoin 19t, 26
Phosphorus 14t
Plasma protein 15
Polycystic ovary syndrome 8
incidence of 8
Pregabalin 10t, 16t, 20t
Progesterone 9
Q
Quetiapine 15t
R
Raltegravir 19t
Risperidone 15t
Ritonavir 19t
S
Seizures 1, 18
benign partial 5, 6
incidence of 18
investigation 18
management of 18
neonatal 1
post-traumatic 25
brain injury, management of 25
type, diagnosis of 20
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors 15
Serologic tests 14t
Several epilepsy syndromes 1
Sex hormones 9
Sodium valproate 9
Status epilepticus 21
investigations of 21
management of 21, 22
nonconvulsive 23
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis 5, 6
Synthetic hormones 9
T
Theophylline 15t
Topiramate 10t, 16t
Toxicological screening 21b
Tramadol 15t
Traumatic brain injury 25
V
Valproate 8, 16t, 26
Valproic acid 19t, 23t
Vigabatrin 12
Z
Zidovudine 19t
Zonisamide 9, 10t, 11t, 16t
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EPILEPSY IN SPECIAL POPULATION: CLINICAL PEARLS
EPILEPSY IN SPECIAL POPULATION: CLINICAL PEARLS
Editors Rajiv Anand MD DM Director and Senior Consultant Department of Neurology BLK Super Speciality Hospital New Delhi, India Deepak Arjundas MD DM Dip Neuro (London) FRSH (London) FAIMS FRCP Consultant Neurologist Vijaya Health Centre and Mercury Hospital Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Epilepsy in Special Population: Clinical Pearls / Rajiv Anand, Deepak Arjundas
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Contributors
EDITORS
CONTRIBUTORS
Preface
Epilepsy is one of the frequently encountered neurological conditions in clinical practice. It not only impacts the individual but influences the entire family. There are more than 12 million people with epilepsy (PWE) in India, which contribute to nearly one-sixth of the global burden. Seizures are unpredictable and adversely affect the patient's physical and mental health; increasing the risk of injury, hospitalization, and mortality. Besides, comorbid health conditions are common among PWE.
Incorporating available Indian guidelines for epilepsy management, this book collates key evidence and provides clinical tips to manage epilepsy patients in the busy life of practicing clinicians. Though there is abundant literature on epilepsy and different comorbidities the data is scatter and not presented in relation to Indian context. The primary motive of this book is to bridge the gap between evidence and practice and highlight clinical tips and pointers to enhance epilepsy management.
A clinician managing epilepsy does not just manage a single entity but manages the patient as a whole. This book thus, makes an effort to present key evidence and clinical tips for epilepsy management, as it would present in practical situations. Over the seven chapters the book addresses various common clinical situations. The initial chapters provide guidance on epilepsy management across various age groups, i.e., in children and neonates, in adolescents, and in elderly. The chapter on women addresses the most common issues of practical relevance while treating women with epilepsy. There are two chapters highlighting epilepsy management in two key comorbid situations, i.e., HIV and post-trauma, respectively. The final chapter addresses the management of emergency situation of status epilepticus. This book was curated with the help of enthusiast neurologists across the country and we were fortunate to lead this team. The key aspect of this book in our opinion is the “Clinical Pearls” section that provides practical tips and is an attempt to aid busy clinicians translate evidence into practice.
We hope the book serves its goal and provides some reference tips to ease your busy practice and enhance epilepsy management in the country.
Rajiv Anand
Deepak Arjundas
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank Shri Jitendar P Vij (Group Chairman), Mr Ankit Vij (Managing Director), Mr MS Mani (Group President), Dr Richa Saxena (Associate Director—Content Strategy), Ms Pooja Bhandari (Production Head), Ms Prerna Bajaj (Development Editor) and the publishing staff at Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India, for their work in completing this book.