IADVL Atlas of Dermoscopy Balachandra S Ankad, Yasmeen J Bhat, Kinjal D Rambhia
INDEX
Page numbers followed by f refer to figure and t refer to table.
A
Abscess 227
Acanthosis 185
Acanthosis nigricans 3, 123, 124f
Achromatic lens 19
Achromic melanoma 196
Acne 140
keloidalis nuchae 140
pustular 140
vulgaris 140, 143f
Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation 119, 120, 120f, 122f
Acquired melanocytic nevus 106f, 207
Acral lentiginous melanoma 192, 194, 195f
Acral lesions 104f
Acral melanocytic nevus 208f
dermoscopy of 208f
Acral nevus 207
Acral skin 15
Actinic keratoses 17, 184, 184f186f, 190f
Actinic porokeratosis 3
Allergic contact dermatitis less 249f
Alopecia
congenital triangular 3
temporal triangular 219, 219f
traction 218, 219f
triangular patch of 219f
triangular temporal 219f
Alopecia areata 3, 214, 215, 215f, 245, 246
active 246f
incognito 216f
trichoscopy of 216f
Alopecic verrucous plaque 205f
Amelanotic melanoma 194
Androgenetic alopecia 3, 213, 214t
diagnosis of 213
Angiofibroma 180, 180f
dermoscopy of 180f
Angiokeratoma 14f, 181, 181f, 254
dermoscopy of 181f
Angioma serpiginosum 180, 180f
dermoscopy of 180f
Angiosarcoma 196
Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma 70, 70f
Annular granular pattern 29, 30f
Anonychia 191f
Aplasia cutis 220f
congenitalis 3
Apocrine hidrocystoma 170, 170f
dermoscopy of 170f
Appendageal tumors 194
Apple-jelly
nodules 90f
sign 77
Aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma 3
Ash-leaf macule 131, 131f
Atrophic lichen planus 61f
Atrophic patch 220f
Atypical dermoscopic patterns 176
Atypical fibroxanthoma 196
Atypical melanocytic nevi 210
Aurora borealis 235f
Aurora borealis pattern 235
B
B-cell lymphoma, primary cutaneous 3
Bacterial infections 85
Bad prognostic sign 240f
Basal cell carcinoma 3, 12f, 17, 17f, 30f, 170, 188, 191t, 192t, 193f, 204
Beard hair 88f
Becker's nevus 27f, 118, 119, 119f
dermoscopy of 118
Biphasic amyloidosis 122f
Blaschkoid pattern 204
Blotches, irregular hyperpigmented 122f
Blue nevus 208
Blue-gray pigment granules 168
Blue-white veil 18f, 31
Bluish papule over chin 209f
Boggy plaques 227
Bonbon Toffee sign 174
Bowen's disease 3, 185, 187f
pigmented 187f, 188f
Brown globules 28
Brown-gray macules 30f
Bullous lichen planus 58f
Bushy glomerular vessels 38f
C
Café-au-lait macule 108, 108f110f
multiple 109f
Candida infection 236
Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia 229, 230f
Cerebriform
appearance 17f
pattern 165
Chalazion clamp 252f
use of 252
Cheek 72f
Cherry angioma 179, 179f
dermoscopy of 179, 179f
Chloronychia 237f
Chromoblastomycosis 80, 82f, 94, 95f
Chromonychia 233
Chromophore-melanin 26f
Chrysalis structures 172
Cicatricial alopecia 214, 223
Cigarette ash hair 91
Clamp, rim of 252f
Clark's nevus 210, 210f, 211f
dermoscopy of 210f
Classical dermoscopic patterns 176
Classical erythematous-edematous lesion 162f
Classical granuloma annulare 69f
Clear cell acanthoma 3
Clip-on lens 23
Collagen 1
Collarette sign 32
Comet-tail appearance 130f
Common warts 98
Compact subungual hyperkeratosis 239f
Compound melanocytic nevus 206f, 207f
Congenital nevus 17
Connective tissue
disease, mixed 155, 155f
disorders 152, 158, 243
Contact dermatitis, pigmented 119
Contact plate 6, 7f, 19
Contrast halo sign 137
Corn pearls 50
Corona sulcus 180f
Corynebacterium tenuis 87
Coudability sign 215
Crateriform papulonodular lesion 79f
Crown vessels 174
Crypts 31
Crystalline structures 172
Cutaneous amyloidosis 3, 17
Cutaneous calcinosis 155f
Cutaneous leishmaniasis 78, 94, 79f, 96f
Cutaneous lesions 64, 138
Cutaneous lymphoma 196
Cutaneous mastocytosis 3
Cutaneous metastasis 199
Cutaneous sarcoidosis 3
Cutaneous sporotrichosis 81f
Cutaneous squamoproliferative tumor 186
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma 187
Cuticle 15
D
Darier's disease 235
Demodex folliculitis 145
dermoscopy of 146f
Demodex mite 145
Demodex tails 44f, 97, 98, 144, 145
Demodicidosis 97
Demodicosis 97, 145, 146f
Depigmented macules, multiple 136f
Dermal fibrosis 153
Dermal melanin, adventitial 35f
Dermal melasma 112, 114f
Dermatofibroma 29f, 31f, 176, 177f
dermoscopy of 177f
pigmented papule of 31f
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans 195, 197f
Dermatomyositis 154
Dermatophytoma 236, 236f
Dermatoscopic parameters 128
Dermatoscopy 1
Dermatosis papulosa nigra 167, 167f
dermoscopy of 167f
Dermoepidermal junction 9f, 102f
Dermoscope 6, 19, 23
modifications of 22
parameters, evaluation of 9
parts of 19, 19f
types of 19, 20
Dermoscopy 1, 4, 35, 37, 39f, 40, 66, 8385, 101, 112, 124, 139, 147, 156, 164, 174, 178, 180182, 200, 232, 232t, 245, 246
advantages of 4
basic principles of 6
concept of 1
drop 249
future of 4
intraoperative 247
limitations of 4, 97
principles of 6
role of 111
Diabetes mellitus 71f
Digital dermoscopy, systems for 22
Digital scars 156
Dilated pore of Winer 173, 174f
Discoid lupus erythematosus 3, 36f, 152, 153f, 224, 225f, 245
scalp of 153f
Discrete erythematous papules 40f
Distal nail
bed 237f
fold 237f
Dots, black 217f
Dowling–Degos disease 107, 107f, 108f
Dry lip, dermoscopy of 16f
Dusky erythema 160f
Dysplastic nevi 17
E
Eccentric hypopigmentation 210
Eccrine gland openings 1
Eccrine spiradenoma 169, 170f
trichoscopy of 170f
Ectopic nails 3
Eczema 45
acute 45f, 46f
asteatotic 45f, 46f
chronic 45f, 46f
subacute 45f, 46f
Eczematous
dermatitis 45
dermatoses 3
Epidermal nevus 202
Epidermis 9f
Epithelial tumors 28
Equidistant nodes 221f
Erosive pustular dermatosis 3, 229, 230f
Erythema 43f, 71f, 87f, 93f, 160, 160f, 230, 242f
annulare centrifugum 160, 161f, 164
classical triad of 150f
dyschromicum perstans 119
multiforme 160, 160f, 161f, 164
rim of 73f
Erythematous nodule 170f, 196f, 197f, 199f
Erythematous papules 45f, 71f
Erythematous plaque, dermoscopy of 160
Erythematous ring 162, 162f
Erythematous xerotic macules 198f
Erythrocyanosis 162
Erythrodermic mycosis fungoides 198f
Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli 149, 150f
Erythronychia 235
Ethnic skin 120f
Eumycotic mycetoma 94f
Exogenous ochronosis 3, 112, 115f
Extragenital lichen sclerosis 134
Extravasation mucocele 254
Extremities, dermoscopy of 15f
Eyepiece lens 23
F
Face plate 6
Facial dermatoses 140
Facial melanoma 194
Facial skin, dermoscopy of 15f
Fat fingers 165
Fibrohistiocytic tumors 31
Fibrokeratoma 178, 178f
dermoscopy of 178f
Fibrosing alopecia, frontal 3, 225, 226f
Filiform wart 98, 99f
Fine branny scales 91f
Finger web space 248, 248f
Fingerprint pattern 29
Fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis 80, 95f
Fixed drug eruption 110, 254
Flambeau sign 219f
Flat seborrheic keratosis 105
Flexures, reticulate pigmented anomaly of 107
Focal atrichia 214
Focal patches 218f
Focal pigmentation 103
dots 124f
Follicular keratotic plugs 225f
Follicular micropustules 92
Follicular plug 34, 36f
Follicular structures 1
Folliculitis 85
decalvans 3, 225, 227f
dissecting 228f
Folliculocentric lesion 86
Fordyce spot 182, 182f, 253
dermoscopy of 198f
mucoscopy of 253f
Fotofinder videodermoscope 22f
Freckles 103
Friable debris 235f
Fungal infection 90
superficial 90
Furuncle 86
Futcher's lines 115
G
Genital warts 98
Giant café-au-lait macule 109f
Giant capillaries 163f, 164, 243f
Giant congenital melanocytic nevus, large 206f
Globular vessels 86
Glomerular capillaries 187f
clusters of 188f
Glomus tumor 242
Gottron's papule 54, 154f
Granuloma annulare 3, 69, 70f
Granuloma faciale 148, 148f
Granulomatous disorders 32, 68
diagnosis of 83
Granulomatous lesion 14f
Granulomatous rosacea 71, 71f
Granulomatous tattoo reaction 74f
H
Hair 2, 91f, 152, 248
block 91
broken 216f, 217f, 221f
bulbs, numerous 220f
circle 215f
code-like 218f
comma 91, 91f, 218
corkscrew 91, 91f, 218
coudability 215, 215f
density, reduced 230f
disorders 3
dry lusterless 221
eyebrow 221
flame 217f
loss of 220f
mace 217f
multiple
broken 217f
comma 218f
zigzag 218f
pin vessels 99f
powder 217f
regrowing 214
short and frizzy 220f
short bent 91f
single 229f
transplant 246
tufts, base of 225
tulip 217f
upright 214f
vellus 214, 216f, 219f
woolly 221, 222f
zig zag 91, 218
Hair casts 3, 91
yellowish 88f
Hair diameter 213
diversity 213f, 214
Hair follicles 133, 223
absence of 226f, 229f
Hair loss
amount of 213
band of 219f
diffuse 216f
female pattern 213, 213f, 214f
over scalp 218f
type of 213
Hair shaft
disorders 3, 97f
reduced 213
Hairpin vessels 165
Halo nevus 210, 211f
Hand, dorsum of 69f, 95f
Handheld dermoscope 21, 21f
Handle bar sign 87, 88f
Hansen's disease 89, 248
Hazy yellow globule 87f
Head lice 3
Heine delta 30 dermatoscope 21f
Hemangioma 196
Hemoglobin 1
Hemorrhage 189f, 230
subungual 240
Hemorrhagic patches 161f
Hemorrhagic spots, superficial 82f
Hidroscopy 248
Homogeneous white macules 133
Honeycomb pigmentation 34
Horn pseudocysts 107
Human papillomavirus infections 3
Hutchinson's sign 234
Hybrid dermoscopes 21
Hyperkeratosis 241
Hyperpigmented dermatoses 102
dermoscopic features of 103
Hyperpigmented lichenified plaque 45f
Hyperpigmented plaque 54f
Hyperpigmented verrucous papules 203f
Hyperplasia, epidermal 153
Hypochromic lesion 91f
Hyponychium 15
Hypopigmentary disorders 127
Hypopigmented lesions 75
Hypopigmented macule near eye 136f
Hypopigmented patches 137f
Hypopigmented xerotic patches 198f
Hypopyon sign 181
I
i hair 91
Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis 3, 132
dermoscopy 133f
patterns of 134t
Idiopathic inflammatory skin disease 61
Illumination system 19
Impetigo 85
Infections 3, 32
Infectious diseases 85
Infective folliculitis 85
Infective granulomatous diseases 74
Infestations 3, 32
Inflammatory disorder, chronic 143
Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus 202
Infraorbital palpebral bag 118
Interface fluids 7f
Intradermal melanocytic nevus 208f
Intradermal nevus 27f, 207
Inverse strawberry pattern 152
Iris lesion 160
Ivory-white background 34
J
Jeweler's loupe 23, 23f
Junctional nevus 207
Juvenile xanthogranuloma 72f
K
Kaposi's sarcoma 3
Keratin 1
crusts 188
Keratinocytic nevi 202
Keratoacanthoma 3, 186, 189f
Keratotic papules 59f
Koebner's phenomenon 52f, 53f, 61f, 62f, 136f
lesions in 52f
L
Laser hair reduction 246
Late scleroderma 156
Leiomyosarcoma 194, 196f
Leishmaniasis 94
Lenses 20
parameters of 22
size of 22
Lentigines 105
over face 106f
over hand 105f
Lentigo maligna melanoma 192, 194
Lepromatous leprosy 76f, 138, 138f
dermoscopy of 77f, 138f
Leprosy 74, 138
Lesion
dermoscopy of 152, 154, 156
periphery of 119f
Leukonychia 234, 236f
longitudinal 241f
Leukoplakia 255
mucoscopy of 255f
Leukotrichia 133f
Lichen amyloidosis 123, 123f
dermoscopy of 123
Lichen nitidus 12f, 61, 61f, 62f
dermoscopy of 62f, 63f
Lichen planopilaris 3, 58f, 223, 224f
Lichen planus 3, 47, 48f, 49t, 50t, 52f, 53f, 169f, 238, 245, 252
annular lesion of 57f
classical dermoscopic features of 49t
dermoscopy of 53f, 54f, 169f
early lesion of 51f
evolution stage of 49
hypertrophic 56f
lesion of 51f, 52f, 54f, 55f
lunular changes in 239f
mucoscopy of 253f
pigmentosus 3, 12f, 30f, 119
types of 50t
Lichen sclerosus 3, 136f
et atrophicus 10f, 134
Lichen simplex chronicus 46f, 47f
Lichen striatus 63, 64f, 134
Lichenoid drug 65f
rash 64
Light-emitting diodes 19
Linear crista cutis 123, 124f
Linear vessels 50
Linear Wickham's striae 51f, 60f
Lip 60f
mucoscopy of 256
Livedo reticularis 162, 164
Loose anagen hair syndrome 3
Lower lip, bluish plaque on 254f
Lower papillary dermis 9f
Ludwig staging system 213
Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei 72, 73f, 147, 147f
Lupus vulgaris 3, 75, 77f, 78f, 89, 90f
Lymphangioma circumscriptum 32f, 181, 182f
dermoscopy of 182f
Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis 80, 81f
Lymphoproliferative disorders 3, 32
Lymphovascular tumors 32
M
Macular amyloidosis 122
dermoscopy of 18f
Macules, dermoscopy of 107
Melanin 1, 10f
complete loss of 27f
distribution, assessment of 249
Melanocyte
activation 234
lesions 25
pigmented 31f
proliferation 234, 234f
Melanocytic nevus 26f, 202, 205
congenital 205
Melanoma 3, 17, 18f, 192, 245
superficial spreading 192, 194
Melanonychia 233, 234f, 240f, 247
benign 248f
longitudinal 234f
frictional 234f
malignant longitudinal 234
Melanophages 208
Melasma 3, 111, 245, 246
Melisma
epidermal 111f, 112, 112f, 114f
mixed 112, 113f, 114f
Merkel cell carcinoma 196, 197f
Metacarpophalangeal joints 154f
Metastatic breast carcinoma 199f
Metastatic melanoma 31f
Microhemorrhages 163f, 164
Micro-Hutchinson's sign 234
Micro–Koebner phenomenon 127, 128, 130f
Micropustule 86
Milia 175, 176f
dermoscopy of 176f
Mini triangle sign 97
Mitoses 245
Molluscum contagiosum 3, 34f, 100, 100f
Mometasone furoate cream 38f
Monilethrix 220
clinical of 220f
Monodactylous erythronychia 235
Morphea 157, 158f
Morse code hairs 91, 218
Moth-eaten border 105, 165
Mountain and valley pattern appearance 165
Mucha-Habermann disease 41
Mucocele 254
mucoscopy of 255f
Mucosa 2, 15
surface of 252
Mucosal discoid lupus erythematosus 253
Mucosal lichen planus 60f
Mucosal wart 255
Mucoscopy 252, 252f
Multiple arcuate lines 110f
Multiple discrete erythematous plaques 40f
Multiple erythematous macules 39, 39f, 88f
Multiple focal hyperpigmented dots 123
Multiple pits 237f
Multispectral dermoscope 19
Mycetoma 82, 83f
Mycobacterium leprae 89
Mycosis fungoides 3, 196, 198f
N
Nail 2, 15
infections of 235
lesion 64
lichen planus 239f, 240f
tumors 241, 247
unit, dermoscopy of 232
Nail bed 15, 16f, 248
disease 238
dyschromias 240f
glomus tumor 242f
involvement 240
Nail disorders 3, 232
inflammatory 237
traumatic 240
Nail fold
capillaries 16f
dermoscopy of 163f
capillaroscopy 2, 152, 154, 154f, 243
proximal 155
normal proximal 234f
pigmentation 240f
proximal 15, 243f
swollen 238f
videocapillaroscopes 152
Nail matrix 237f, 238f
changes 237f
disease 237, 238
glomus tumor 242f
Nail plate 7f, 15, 236f
distal edge of 241f, 242f
edge 242f
lower half of 234f
part of 236f
thinning of 240f
Nail psoriasis 39, 237, 239f
dermoscopy of 39f
Nasolabial fold 206f
Neck 211f
Necrobiosis lipoidica 3
diabeticorum 70, 71f
Neurofibroma 30f, 110f, 169, 169f
dermoscopy of 169f
Neurofibromatosis 109f, 169f
Nevus
and nevoid disorders 202
cells 208
comedonicus 204, 205f
depigmentosus 130, 131, 131f, 132f
excision of 247
of Ota 117, 118f
sebaceous 204, 205f
spilus 110, 110f
spilus, dermoscopy of 110, 110f
Nodular melanoma 192, 194
Nodular sarcoidosis 68f
Noduloulcerative basal cell carcinoma, classical pigmented 193f
Noncicatricial alopecia 213
Noninfective granulomatous diseases 68
Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis 31
Nonpigmented nodular variant 193f
Nonpolarized dermoscopy 7, 8, 8f, 61
Nonscalp discoid lupus erythematosus 3
Noodle sign 97
Normal nail 232f, 233f
structure 233f
Normal skin 1
over dorsum 103f
O
Occult retained suture, detection of 248f
Oculoscopy 249
Oil drop sign 239f
Onycholysis 235f, 238f
traumatic 240, 241f
Onychomatricoma 3, 241, 242f, 247
Onychomycosis 3, 235, 236
superficial 235f
Onychopapilloma 3, 241, 241f, 242f
Onychorrhexis 240f
Onychoschizia 240f
Onychoscopy 232, 232t, 233f, 241, 243
intraoperative 248f
procedure of 232
Onychotillomania 241
Open comedones, dermoscopy of 143f
Oral lichen planus 252
Oral mucoscopy 252
Oral verrucae 14f
Orthokeratosis 31f
Otoendoscope 22f
use of 22
P
Palm 63f
Palmar lichen planus 59f
Palmar skin, dermoscopy of 16f
Palmoplantar lichen planus 59f
Palmoplantar psoriasis lesion 37, 39
Papillary dermis 9f, 102f
Papular sarcoidosis 69f
Papule 41f
brown oval 106f
multiple pigmented 33f
polarized dermoscopy of 140
umbilicated 63f
Papulopustular demodicosis 145
Papulopustular rosacea 143
Papulosquamous disorder 32, 37
chronic 37
Parallel furrow pattern 28
Parasitic infections 95
Paronychia 237
chronic 237f
Patch
dry 45f
test interpretation 249
unilateral 118f
Patchy hypopigmentation 155f
Pathergy test interpretation 249
Pearly penile papule 180, 180f
Peau d'orange appearance 148
Pediculosis 97
Perforating lichen nitidus 63, 63f
Perifollicular epidermal hyperplasia 225
Perifollicular hyperpigmentation 127, 214f
Perifollicular pigmentation 128, 129f
Perifollicular pustules 228f
Perilesional hyperpigmentation 127, 129f
Perilesional pigmentation 128
Periorbital hyperpigmentation 116, 117f
Peripheral depigmented patch 211f
Peripheral erythema 181f
Peripheral scaling 85
Peripheral telangiectasia 71f
Peripilar sign 214, 214f
Peripilar tubular casts 34
Perivascular white halos 188
Perniosis 161f
Phymatous rosacea 143
Piebaldism 132, 133f
Pigment network 25, 128
Pigmentary demarcation line 115, 116f
Pigmentary disorders 3, 233
Pigmentary lesions, dermoscopy of 102
Pigmentary mosaicism 132f
Pigmentation 49
patterns 49
types of 117f
Pitted keratolysis 88, 89f
Pityriasis
alba 134
early lesion of 39f
folliculorum 145
rubra pilaris 44, 44f
versicolor 90, 91f, 137, 137f
Pityriasis lichenoides 41
chronica 41, 41f, 42, 134
late lesion of 42f, 43f
et varioliformis acuta 41, 41f, 42
early lesion of 42f
late lesion of 42f
Pityriasis rosea 3, 39, 39f41f
early lesion of 40f
late lesions of 41f
lesions of 39f
Pityrosporum folliculitis, chronic 86f
Plantar wart 99, 100f, 247f
Plaque 68
pigmented 65f
psoriasis 38f
chronic 37f
Polarized dermoscopy 7, 7f, 8, 8f, 9f, 16f, 61, 140
Polymorphous vessels 188
Polypoidal lesions 106f
Porocarcinoma 196
Port-wine stain 3
Postinflammatory hypopigmentation 134
Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis 80f
Premalignant tumors 184
Primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis 122
Proximal nailfold capillaries, dermoscopic features of 155
Pseudofolliculitis barbae 86
Pseudo-Hutchinson's sign 234, 234f
Pseudomonas infections 237
Pseudonetwork 15, 25, 105
Pseudopelade of Brocq 228, 229f
Pseudopigment network 171f
Pseudopods 26
Psoriasiform 68
Psoriasis 3, 12f, 37, 38f
lesion, dermoscopy of 38f
palmoplantar lesions of 38f
types 37
uniform red dots in 239f
Pubic lice 3
Punctate leukonychia 235f
Purpuric dermatoses, pigmented 3, 11f
Purpuric macules 41f
Pyogenic granuloma 3, 178, 178f, 253
dermoscopy of 178f
mucoscopy of 254f
R
Radial streaming 26
Raynaud's phenomenon 163, 164
primary 163
Red blood cells 40
Red fish in pond pattern, school of 180, 180f
Red lacunae 14f, 32f
Repigmentation, patterns of 128f
Reticular dermis 102f
Reticular pigment network 15
Reticular Wickham's striae 52f
Reticulate hyperpigmented
macules 122f
papules 122f
Reticulate Wickham's striae 60f
Rosacea 3, 143, 145f
S
Salivary duct carcinoma 200f
Salmon erythema, diffuse 44f
Salmon patch 238f
Salt-and-pepper pigmentation 156, 157f
Sarcoidosis 68
Sarcoptes scabiei 95
Satellite lesion 127, 128, 130f
Scabies 3, 95
diagnosis of 97
Scales, double-edged 137
Scalp 3, 44, 205f, 229
dermoscopy of 16f
psoriasis 37, 39
lesion, dermoscopy of 38f
seborrheic dermatitis of 43f, 44f
Scaly dermatitis, chronic superficial 65, 65f
Scaly papules, multiple hyperpigmented 123f
Scaly plaques 92f
multiple 41f
Sclerodactyly 155f
Scleroderma 155
localized 157
Sclerodermiform pattern 155
Sebaceous hyperplasia 3, 14f, 173, 174f
dermoscopy of 173, 174f
Seborrhea 146f
Seborrheic dermatitis 43, 43f, 44f
Seborrheic keratosis 3, 17, 17f, 18f, 29f, 105, 106f, 165, 166f
dermoscopy of 106f
Setting sun sign 72
Single erythematous band 235
Sinus 227
Skin
biopsy 246
malignant lesions of 187
metastasis 196
premalignant lesions of 184
tag 167, 168f
dermoscopy of 168f
telangiectasias 156
Skin-colored papules, pinhead-sized 61f
Small plaque parapsoriasis 65
Small splinter hemorrhages 236
Solar lentigines 105f
Solitary brown nodule 178f
Solitary depigmented macule 27f
Solitary pigmented papule 29f
Spinulate demodicosis 145
Spitz nevus 17, 209
dermoscopy of 210f
on chest 210f
Splinter hemorrhages 241
Sporothrix schenckii 80
Sporotrichosis 80, 93
disseminated 80
Squamous cell carcinoma 3, 185, 187, 190f, 191f, 245, 256, 256f
exophytic 190f
mucoscopy of 256f
nonpigmented invasive 188
pigmented invasive 188
Squamous epithelium 254
Stable vitiligo lesion 130, 130f
Stalactite appearance 99
Staphylococcus aureus 86
Starburst pattern 26
Starburst sign 225
Starch iodine test 248
Steatocystoma multiplex 174, 175f
dermoscopy of 175f
Steroid damaged face 14f
Stratum corneum 102f
Strawberry pattern 29, 185
Stretch test 118f
String sign 107
Subcutaneous fungal infection 93
Subungual hematoma 3, 240f, 241f
Subungual hyperkeratosis 235f
Subungual keratotic mass 242f
Subungual onychomycosis 235f
Sulcus cutis 124f
pattern 123
Sunburst appearance 61
Sycoses barbae 88f
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum 171, 172f
dermoscopy of 172f
Syringoma 171, 171f
dermoscopy of 171, 171f
Systemic lupus erythematosus 152
malar rash of 153f
Systemic sclerosis 155, 243
T
Tape dermoscopy 23, 249
Target sign 34
Tattoo granuloma 74
Tears, yellow 80, 82f, 95
Telangiectasia 71f, 114f, 134, 153, 170f, 193f, 253
Teledermoscopy 249
Telogen effluvium 214, 214t
Thrust paint brush appearance 221f
Tinea
capitis 3, 91, 91f, 218, 218f, 246
corporis 92, 92f
modified 93f
cruris 92
manuum 92
nigra 3
pedis 92, 92f
unguium 93, 93f
dermoscopy of 93f
Tiny violaceous papules 51f
Tissue specimen, ex vivo dermoscopy of 249
Topical steroid-dependent face 149
Tortuous capillaries 243f
Total body photography 249
Total dystrophic onychomycosis 236f
Trachyonychia 239f
Traction alopecia, sign in 219f
Transillumination dermoscopy 248, 248f
Translucent nail plate 16f
Triangular depigmented macule 133f
Trichoepithelioma 172, 173f
dermoscopy of 173f
Trichomycosis 88f
axillaris 87
Trichophyton schoenleinii 91
Trichoptilosis 217f, 221f
Trichorrhexis nodosa 221, 221f
Trichoscan 246
Trichoscopy 2, 2f, 213, 213f, 215, 219f, 220, 221f, 223, 246
pigtail 214f
Trichostasis spinulosa 3
Trichotillomania 3, 214, 216, 216f, 217f
trichoscopy of 217f
Tuberculoid leprosy 75f
borderline 33f, 76f, 138, 138f
dermoscopy of 138f
Tufted folliculitis 227
Tumor 3
benign 165
cells 30f
excision of 247
malignant 184
Typical lesion, dermoscopy of 161f
U
Ulcerative plaques 74f
Universal serial bus dermoscope 21
modification of 22
Unna nevus 208
Upper papillary dermis 9f
Urticaria 3
vasculitis 3
V
Vascular lesions 253
Vascular polygons 71
Vascular structures 47, 49
Vasculitic disorders 32
Verruca
plana 98, 99f
vulgaris 98
Verrucous
epidermal nevus 202, 203f
papules 203f
plaque 95f
Videodermoscope 19
Violaceous lesions, multiple 61f
Violaceous plaque 60f
Viral cauliflower 98
Viral infections 98
Viral warts 98
Visible capillary loops 234f
Vitiligo 3, 10f, 27f, 127, 127f, 128t, 245, 246
lesion 129f
border of 128f
patch 128
unstable 130
Voigt's lines 115
V-sign 216f
W
Wart, excision of 147
Wet lip, dermoscopy of 16f
White chrysalis structures 134
White crystalline structures 70f
White dots 217f
White globule 87f
White shiny streaks 254f
White starburst pattern 32, 79
White structureless areas 188
Whitish crystalline structures 82f
Whitish keratotic plugs 44f
Whitish papules 100f
Wickham's striae 32, 47, 47f, 49, 50, 52f54f, 64, 253f
violaceous-colored 48f
white-colored 48f
yellowish-colored 48f
Wobble test 165
Woodworm appearance 241, 242f
X
Xanthogranulomatous diseases 72
Xanthoma 10f, 28f
disseminatum 73f
Xanthomatous neoplasms 3
Xanthonychia 241
Y
Yellow clod sign 45, 46
Yellow serocrusts 46
×
Chapter Notes

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IADVL Atlas of DERMOSCOPY
Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists
IADVL Atlas of DERMOSCOPY
Editor-in-Chief Balachandra S Ankad MD Professor and Head Department of Dermatology S Nijalingappa Medical College Bagalkot, Karnataka, India Associate Editor Yasmeen J Bhat MD FACP Associate Professor Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy Government Medical College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India Assistant Editor Kinjal D Rambhia MD DNB Fellowship in Diagnostic Dermatology (MUHS) Professional Diploma in Clinical Research Assistant Professor Department of Dermatology HBT Medical College and Dr RN Cooper Hospital Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Foreword Enzo Errichetti
Under the Aegis of IADVL Academy
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© 2022, IADVL - Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists
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IADVL Atlas of Dermoscopy / Balachandra S Ankad
First Edition: 2022
9789390595648
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CONTRIBUTORS
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
ASSOCIATE EDITOR
ASSISTANT EDITOR
CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS
MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT IADVL
Examination of a lesion by naked eye or through a magnifying lens gives good information and we are able to diagnose. The finer details of the lesion will add to our diagnosis. Dermoscope is an instrument that gives us this information. The changes just below the epidermis can be delineated very well by a dermoscope. Various dermoscopic changes of different diseases have been described. The “Atlas of Dermoscopy” with details of these diseases and dermoscopic pictures will be of immense help to the dermatologist. This atlas in conjunction with histopathology will give us a correct diagnosis and help us in managing the disease better.
The chapters are well written and cover all dermatological diseases. The editors, Dr Balachandra S Ankad, Dr Yasmeen J Bhat and Dr Kinjal D Rambhia, are the pioneers of dermoscopy in India. I am sure their experience and valuable contributions by all the authors will make this atlas a most sought-after book by all of us.
I express my thanks to all those involved: The editors, authors, IADVL Academy headed by Chairperson Dr Deepika Pandhi and Convener Dr Dipankar De, and the publisher, in bringing out this “Atlas of Dermoscopy”. As President of IADVL, I take pleasure in presenting you all this great work.
Long Live IADVL!
MESSAGE FROM THE HONORARY SECRETARY GENERAL IADVL
The Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists (IADVL) is happy to present the first edition of the book “Atlas of Dermoscopy.” This will serve as a ready reckoner for all dermatology residents and practitioners.
This book “Atlas of Dermoscopy” has been designed to address various dermatological conditions. The chapters have been contributed by dermatologists with experience, expertise, and interest in dermoscopy.
The editors have made sure to include details about basics, dermoscopic and histopathological correlation, clinical dermatology, cutaneous malignancies, infections, trichology, etc. The book will be a valuable addition for all residents as well as practitioners in dermatology, to sharpen their skills and to refresh their knowledge.
I sincerely congratulate the hard work and dedicated efforts of the editorial team—Drs Balachandra S Ankad, Yasmeen J Bhat, and Kinjal D Rambhia—and all the contributors. I also thank Dr Deepika Pandhi, Dr Dipanker De, and all the members of Academy for their support and help.
I wish this initiative all success!
MESSAGE FROM IADVL ACADEMY
Deepika Pandhi
Chairperson, IADVL Academy
Dipankar De
Convener, IADVL Academy
Dermoscopy is an in vivo, noninvasive technique for examination of the skin by the use of a handheld device, which allows illumination and 10–14 times magnification of the lesion. While dermoscopy was initially used for the evaluation of melanocytic skin lesions, it has since been incorporated as a diagnostic modality for a wide variety of dermatoses. Due to its diagnostic accuracy and convenience, the interest in dermoscopy has increased in recent years with more dermatologists incorporating it in their diagnostic as well as interventional armamentarium. However, being a visual science, it has a learning curve and also the features may vary in skin of color. The specialty of dermoscopy has evolved tremendously over the years in India, with a steady rise in publications in Asian skin and reports of innovations in the technique of performing dermoscopy at various sites, which has paved the way for the growth of this specialty over the last decade. The Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists (IADVL) is happy to present the first edition of the “Atlas of Dermoscopy.”
The editorial team, comprising Drs Balachandra S Ankad, Yasmeen J Bhat, and Kinjal D Rambhia, has done a commendable job. They drafted an exhaustive table of content and selected eminent experts as authors from applications received from IADVL members. There are 19 chapters including details of “types of dermoscope and basic principles; dermoscopic and histopathological correlation; papulosquamous, pigmentary, and granulomatous disorders; infections; nevi; erythemas; cutaneous malignancies; mucoscopy, trichoscopy, and onychoscopy; and facial dermatoses.” The chapters have been contributed by dermatologists with experience and expertise in dermoscopy and are well illustrated with more than 750 color images.
It has been a pleasure to be a part of the process of publication of this Atlas from conception to review and finally publication. Our thanks are due to members of the IADVL Academy 2021 for their critical inputs and to Dr Jayadev Betkerur, President, IADVL 2021, and Dr Feroz K, Honorary Secretary General, IADVL 2021, for their support for this endeavor.
We congratulate the dedicated efforts of the editors and all the contributors for achieving this mammoth task in a short while to bring out a book that will be a valuable reference material for all students and practitioners in dermatology.
We wish the “Atlas of Dermoscopy” great success!
FOREWORD
Enzo Errichetti MD MSc DVD
Senior Consultant Dermatologist and Venereologist
Institute of Dermatology
University Hospital “Santa Maria della Misericordia”, Udine, Italy
General Secretary
Italian Association of Non-Invasive Diagnostics in Dermatology (AIDNID)
Executive Board Member
International Dermoscopy Society (IDS)
Diagnosis in dermatology mainly relies on the physician's ability to finely interpret the morphological changes of the skin, thus making such a discipline one of the most intriguing areas of clinical medicine. For a long time, naked-eye examination has been the only way to characterize skin lesions, with no consideration of all those subclinical dermoscopic details that are known nowadays.
The use of dermoscope has completely changed our daily practice and improved our diagnostic skills as it has let us better figure out microscopic structural changes of the lesions. Indeed, the dermoscopic assessment may be considered as a bridge between clinical and histological examination, with each dermoscopic feature corresponding to a specific histological finding. Besides, dermoscopy has also other invaluable properties, including being cheap, quick, and user-friendly, that have significantly contributed to its success.
The popularity of dermoscopy worldwide is also readily noticeable by the massive number of articles published on this topic in the literature. Indeed, by simply searching the word “dermoscopy” in the PubMed database, nearly 7,000 papers are found at time of this writing. However, it is of utmost importance to underline that dermoscopic assessment should not be regarded as a panacea for dermatologist but as a (relevant) piece in the puzzle of dermatological diagnostic process.
Albeit it has been classically used for the evaluation of both pigmented and nonpigmented skin tumors, dermoscopy has also been shown to be a helpful tool to assist the recognition of nonneoplastic dermatoses (“General Dermatology”), including inflammatory, infectious, and infiltrative disorders as well as nail and hair diseases. The enormous potential of such a technique may, however, be exploited to the full only by detailed knowledge on the topic.
The book you are holding has the virtue of representing a complete but at the same time concise guide for all those dermatologists who are seeking to improve their dermoscopic knowledge all-round. It also has the advantage of putting together information on both clinical and dermoscopic patterns of tumors and nonneoplastic dermatoses, thus letting the reader capture all the morphological dimensions of skin lesions.
I wish you a good reading!
PREFACE
Balachandra S Ankad
Yasmeen J Bhat
Kinjal D Rambhia
Dermoscopy, the visualization of surface and subsurface structures of the skin by a dermoscope, has been a prominent arena in the field of dermatology in the recent past. Factors attributable to its popularity are that it is a noninvasive method, quick and easy to perform. It is a known fact that dermatological conditions pose diagnostic challenges to dermatologists by virtue of varied and complex morphological features. Dermoscopy comes in handy to delineate similar clinical features by revealing definitive and specific patterns.
In view of a huge stride in the field of dermoscopy over the past few years, there is an increased zest among Indian dermatologists to learn dermoscopy. Keeping this in mind, the IADVL Atlas of Dermoscopy has been framed to encompass all the entities in the field of dermoscopy. We have tried to include all the topics which are relevant in the Indian scenario, to the academicians, practicing dermatologists as well as the dermatology residents. The high-quality dermoscopy images from the Indian skin will be of utmost help to the readers in understanding the dermoscopic patterns and structures. All the patterns of dermoscopy are labeled with accurate markings for the benefit of readers. Relevance is given to the histopathological correlation of dermoscopic findings, wherever necessary.
We, the editors, hope and wish that this atlas will be useful for practising the art of dermoscopy to the beginners and experienced dermoscopists as well. We would like to thank all the contributing authors for sharing their expertise and making this atlas possible. We render our heartfelt thanks to Dr Deepika Pandhi and Dr Dipankar De for their constant support and encouragement in bringing out this atlas. We are thankful to Dr Richa Saxena (Associate Director-Professional Publishing), Ms Nedup Denka Bhutia (Development Editor) and entire team of Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers for their help and cooperation.