International Journal of Infertility & Fetal Medicine

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2014 | January-April | Volume 5 | Issue 1

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EDITORIAL

Editorial

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijifm-5-1-iv  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

2,171

REVIEW ARTICLE

Fibroids and infertility

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:7] [Pages No:1 - 7]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1071  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Keymessage

Fibroids are important cause of infertility; Removal of submucousal fibroids is warranted before IVF.

Search methodology

Data were sourced from the electronic database PubMed, MEDLINE, OVID, Cochrane Database of systematic reviews and published guidelines on fibroids and infertility. Abstracts from papers and posters presented at the international meetings, published and unpublished studies, and expert opinion was considered.

How to cite this article

Kaur H, Rao KA. Fibroids and infertility. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):1-7

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sidappa G Gandage, Hemant J Pawar, Sushil Kachewar

An Untold Story of Indian Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery Peak Systolic Velocities

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:8 - 11]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1072  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Context

Fetal anemia can be adequately tackled only if it is diagnosed on time. Fetal MCA-PSV has the potential to reliably predict fetal anemia. Scientific studies across the globe are a testimony to this fact. As such studies from rural setups are lacking, this study was initiated.

Aims

To demonstrate the normal values of fetal MCA-PSV at various gestational ages in an Indian setting by using the standard internationally accepted protocol.

Settings and design

The ultrasound wing of radiodiagnosis department of a rural medical college was the site of this study. Permission from institutional research cell and ethical committee was obtained for study on fetal MCA-PSV. Written informed consent from every pregnant mother who participated in the study was also obtained. A cross-sectional and prospective observational study was conducted over the last 9 months.

Materials and methods

A total of 60 measurements of fetal MCA-PSV were conducted in normal 20 pregnant women referred for routine obstetric scan at 12, 24, and 36 weeks of gestation respectively, by a single radiologist on color Doppler ultrasound machine. In each fetus the proximal MCA, soon after its origin, was evaluated.

Statistical analysis

The observations were entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and statistical analysis was done by using SPSS statistical software version 12. The relation between fetal MCAPSV and gestational age was studied using the Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient. The significance of difference was studied using the t-test.

Results

MCA-PSV increased with increasing gestational age, suggesting positive correlation between the two. Better waveforms and increasing PSV were visualized with advancing gestational age.

Conclusion

Fetal anemia can be accurately predicted only if the MCA-PSV is scientifically measured and compared with normal values in a given setting. This study demonstrates the normal values at various gestational ages in an Indian setting.

How to cite this article

Kachewar S, Gandage SG, Pawar HJ. An Untold Story of Indian Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery Peak Systolic Velocities. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):8-11.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

CB Nagori

Correlation of Ovarian and Stromal Volumes to Fasting and Postprandial Insulin Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:12 - 14]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1073  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are believed to have large ovaries due to increased stroma. They also have derangement in luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone levels and high insulin resistance. As insulin resistance is thought to be associated with androgen and stromal excess, correlation was expected between insulin resistance and stromal excess.

Aim

To assess if ovarian and stromal volumes in PCOS patients have any correlation with fasting and postprandial insulin levels.

Materials and methods

A prospective study of 153 subfertile patients was done over a period 18 months. After detailed history, clinical examination and informed consent of all patients were scanned by two-dimensional (2D) on day 3 of the cycle. Patients were divided into PCOS and non-PCOS groups according to Rotterdam criteria. Patients with hormonal derangements other than PCOS were excluded from the study.

Patients were assessed by three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound (US) for ovarian and stromal volumes and fasting and postprandial insulin levels were checked on the same day.

Results

With Pearson correlation significance level of 0.354 (2 tailed) correlation for ovarian volume to fasting insulin was 0.588, for ovarian volume to postprandial insulin was 0.523, for stromal volume to fasting insulin was 0.601, and for stromal volume to postprandial insulin was 0.523. No correlation could be established in non-PCOS group.

Conclusion

In PCOS patients, a strong correlation was found between ovarian and stromal volume and fasting and post prandial insulin levels.

How to cite this article

Panchal S, Nagori CB. Correlation of Ovarian and Stromal Volumes to Fasting and Postprandial Insulin Levels in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):12-14.

1,910

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Asokan Keloth Manapatt, Latha Anoop, Deepna Tharammal, Aiswarya Sathyapal, Yasmeen Muneer

Pattern of Prolactin Secretion after Normal Vaginal Delivery and in Cesarean Delivery

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:15 - 17]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1074  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Manapatt AK, Anoop L, Tharammal D, Sathyapal A, Muneer Y. Pattern of Prolactin Secretion after Normal Vaginal Delivery and in Cesarean Delivery. Int J Infertility Fetal Med 2014;5(1):15-17.

1,227

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Minakeshi Rana, Sharda Patra, Shubha Sagar Trivedi

Fetomaternal Outcome in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:18 - 21]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1075  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Materials and methods

A total of 150 pregnant women between 24 and 36 weeks gestation with PROM were subjected to detailed history and examination. Each patient was followed till her delivery and fetomaternal outcome was recorded gestation-wise between 24 and 28 weeks (n = 15), 28 and 32 weeks (n = 30), 32 and 34 weeks (n = 90), and 34 and 36 weeks (n = 15).

Result

The mean latency period from membrane rupture to delivery decreased from 15 days at 24 to 28 weeks, 11 days at 28 to 32 weeks to 4.4 days at 32 to 34 weeks to 2.1 days at 34 to 36 weeks. Majority of women delivered vaginally. The rate of spontaneous labor increased as the gestational age at admission increased, the difference between rate of spontaneous labor of 67% at 28 to 32 weeks and 86% at 34 to 36 weeks was statistically significant (p = 0.001). The indications for induction of labor were intrauterine fetal death, gross oligohydramnios, and clinical chorioamnionitis. The most common complication was clinical chorioamnionitis (6%) and postpartum sepsis (6%). The perinatal outcome was favorable in majority of cases and improved with the increase in gestational age at PROM. The overall perinatal mortality was 9.3%.

Conclusion

Management of PPROM involves complete evaluation of risks and benefits of conservative management. Wherever possible, the treatment should be directed toward conserving the pregnancy with prophylactic use of antibiotics and steroids thereby reducing fetal-maternal morbidity and mortality. However, termination of pregnancy should be considered at the earliest suspicion of chorioamnionitis.

How to cite this article

Rana M, patra s, Puri M, Trivedi SS. Fetomaternal Outcome in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membrane. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):18-21.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sailaja Devi Kallur, Nuzhat Aziz

Do Fetal Monitoring Tests predict Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Absent End Diastolic Flow? A Retrospective Study

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:22 - 26]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1076  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To determine the ability of fetal monitoring tests to predict adverse perinatal outcomes in absent end diastolic flow (AEDF) babies.

Materials and methods

A retrospective cohort study of pregnant women with AEDF during the period 2001 to 2009. Fetal monitoring tests of interest included amniotic fluid index (AFI), nonstress tests (NST), and Doppler flow studies. Adverse perinatal outcomes included perinatal/neonatal mortality, necrotizing enterocolitis, respiratory distress syndrome, and grades III/IV intraventricular hemorrhage. Sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, adjusted odds ratios, area under the receiver operator characteristic curves (AUROC) and the 95% confidence intervals were determined.

Study included 142 women with AEDF who delivered before 34 weeks. Indications for delivery included abnormal AFI in 6 (4.23%), worsening Doppler in 31 (21.83%), and abnormal NST in 48 (33.80%). An adverse fetal event was noted in 107 [75.35%, 95% confidence interial (CI) 68.18%, 82.53%]. Birth weight adjusted odds for an adverse perinatal outcome decreased (Odds ratio: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.56, 1.10, p = 0.16) with an increase in each week of gestation. Fetal monitoring tests did not have clinically meaningful positive/negative likelihood ratio or significant AUROC.

Conclusion

Current fetal monitoring tests are more useful to identify noncompromised fetuses than to identify fetal distress. Delaying delivery till 34 weeks might improve outcomes.

How to cite this article

Kallur SD, Aziz N. Do Fetal Monitoring Tests predict Adverse Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Absent End Diastolic Flow? A Retrospective Study. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):22-26.

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CASE REPORT

Sandhya Krishnan

Globozoospermia

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:27 - 29]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1077  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Krishnan S. Globozoospermia. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):27-29.

1,377

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Linda Sailo, Gnanaraj Jesudian

Single Incision Gasless Laparoscopic Surgeries and other Low-cost Minimally Invasive Techniques for Evaluation of Infertility in Rural Areas

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:2] [Pages No:30 - 31]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10016-1078  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Sailo L, Jesudian G. Single Incision Gasless Laparoscopic Surgeries and other Low-Cost Minimally Invasive Techniques for Evaluation of Infertility in Rural Areas. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2014;5(1):30-31.

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Book Review

Mala Arora, Shirish S Sheth

Vaginal Hysterectomy

[Year:2014] [Month:January-April] [Volume:5] [Number:1] [Pages:1] [Pages No:32 - 32]

   DOI: 10.5005/ijifm-5-1-32  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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