Introduction: Plantar fasciopathy is the most common cause of heel pain. It may result in physical inactivity and impact quality of life. Ultrasound can aid to rule out other heel pathology as well as to see various finding in plantar fasciopathy. Material and methods: This observational study was carried out in the outpatient department of physical medicine and rehabilitation of King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. The time duration of the study was three months. The ethical clearance was taken. The aim of this study was to find out the association between plantar fasciitis and plantar fascia thickness. The objective of this study was to compare plantar fascia thickness of patients suffering from plantar fasciopathy and normal healthy subjects using ultrasound. Two groups were created, group A had a patient diagnosed with plantar fasciopathy while group B was a control group and had normal healthy subjects. A p value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Data analysis was done using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 21. Results: Both groups were age and sex matched. The plantar fascia thickness of group A and B was 5.38 ± 0.70 mm and 2.71 ± 0.60 mm, respectively. The intergroup comparisons showed that there was a significant difference between the plantar fascia thickness of two groups with p-value < 0.001. Conclusion: The present study showed that plantar fascia thickness has a direct association with plantar fasciopathy.

Background: Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT), primarily a neck deformity resulting from shortening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that leads the head to turn towards the affected side and the chin points to the opposite side. In developing countries, the parent often neglects and present late, when conservative management has a limited role. Various surgical procedures have been described for the correction of the deformity. The purpose of this study is to find out the result of SCM release followed by definite rehabilitation protocol. Materials and methods: Twelve cases confirming to inclusion criteria were operated on for congenital muscular torticollis. The affected side, either unipolar or bipolar sternocleidomastoid muscle release was done, depending on preoperative assessment. The sternal head was lengthening by Z-plasty method to maintain the shape of suprasternal notch. Postoperatively all the patients had followed a definite rehabilitation protocol. Results: Clinical and functional results were assessed using modified Lee's scoring system and Tanabe's assessment criteria for torticollis. Results were satisfactory in all the cases except two cases. Conclusion: The sternocleidomastoid release is an effective technique for the management of congenital muscular torticollis. The procedure is relatively complication free and safe method with predictable outcomes.

Introduction: Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes functional, economic, psychological and social disability. No national SCI registry is available in India to describe its mortality characteristics. Objectives: To assess the epidemiological pattern and clinical profile of traumatic spinal cord injury and determine genderwise association with clinical profile. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of PM and R, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India and 68 patients of traumatic spinal cord injury were enrolled. The sociodemographic information and clinical profile of the patients were collected with the help of a predesigned tool, and all relevant data was gathered accordingly. Results: The most common age group affected in traumatic spinal cord injury is 15–30 years (39.7%). The majority (83.2%) of the study participants were males and fall from height (73.5%) was the most common cause of injury. Most of the patients (55.9%) were of ASIA grade A. Around 68.4% males and 100% females had fallen from a height as the most common cause of injury and this association was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The study has revealed the epidemiology and clinical profile of traumatic spinal cord injury which will be beneficial in planning and executing strategies for preventing traumatic spinal cord injury.

Background and objectives: Hip fracture patients received rehabilitation in tertiary hospital to maximize recovery after surgery. These patients achieve different ambulation status at the point of discharge. We conducted a prospective study identifying clinical factors affecting ambulation distance achieved and predictors influencing need for walking aid. Materials and methods: One hundred twenty-one hip fracture patients with hip surgery were studied during their course of inpatient rehabilitation in Singapore. Outcome measures at discharge included ambulation distance and patients who needed walking aid at the point of discharge. Results: The mean cohort age was 74.6 ± 9.9 years. Seventy-three (60.3%) were the neck of femur fractures and the rest were intertrochanteric fractures. Eightyseven (72%) had a caregiver. The mean admission functional independence measure (FIM) score was 82 ± 18. Majority (86%, n = 104) did not develop cardiac complications or urinary infection (80%, n = 97) after surgery. The average rehabilitation days were 21 ± 11. The mean ambulation distance was 56.7 ± 54.0 meters. The majority (81%, n = 98) needed walking aid at discharge despite rehabilitation. The positive predictors for better ambulation distance were the absence of renal impairment (B = 25.7, p = 0.022), a higher admission FIM (B = 1.1, p < 0.01) and those who can walk without assistance at discharge(B = 60, p < 0.01). The positive predictors for walking without aid after rehabilitation were those who do not require a caregiver (B = 0.26, p < 0.01), a shorter duration of inpatient rehabilitation (B = 0.01, p = 0.07), and those with more motor FIM gain (B = 0.01, p = 0.028). Conclusion: This hip fracture study highlights the clinical relevance of identifying positive predictors for ambulation status after surgery. Hip fracture rehabilitation units can consider these predictors to assist in devising their rehabilitation programs.

Wolcott–Rallison syndrome (WRS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the association of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus, spondylo-epiphyseal dysplasia with growth retardation and early tendency to skeletal fractures. Fewer than 60 cases of this have been described in the literature with variable multisystem clinical manifestations. The functional limitations or rehabilitation management has not been considered in the treatment outline of the recorded cases. This case report documents the functional limitations and rehabilitation challenges in a 15-year-old male child with Wolcott-Rallison syndrome.