As the saying goes-without the wall or base, no treasure of art can be incorporated Alveolar ridge forms the basic infrastructure for a successful denture. But resorption is inevitable sequelae of extraction.

  Various graft materials have been used to improve the alveolar ridge. Hydroxyapatite is the most commonly used bone graft material. The main disadvantage of hydroxyapatite is the particle displacement leading to inadequate ridge form.

  Fibrin and collagen have been used as sealants in many surgeries. So it is prudent to combine fibrillar collagen and hydroxyapatite and utilize this material as an effective graft.

  The objective of this study is to study the usefulness of fibrin-fibrillar collagen hydroxyapatite composite as a graft material for the repair of experimentally created bony defects.

Evaluation of the quality of satisfaction toward denture treatment.

Various articles suggested denture satisfaction in view of dentist but data on the patient satisfaction to denture treatment on the basis of clinical variables were contradictory. This showed that other factors like sociodemographic variables may affect patient satisfaction.

A total of 100 subjects (filling inclusion criteria) who were using denture for at least 2 months were used as the sample size of this study (n = 100) and were divided into five groups on the basis of sociodemographic variables. Questionnaires consisting of 38 questions (positive and negative attitude toward denture satisfaction) related to patients’ perception of clinical outcome in different domains were scored by the subjects. Questions reflecting positive attitude were scored as 2, 1 or 0 (yes, uncertain and no respectively) and reversely for the negative questions. Statistical tests include Student t-test and p-value (for level of significance) (p < 0.05).

There was a significant difference in denture satisfaction related to comfort, health and denture care between age subgroups (45-65 years and above 65 years); the level of satisfaction was not significantly different between genders.

Patients' sociodemographic variables were influential factors on denture satisfaction.

In spite of best available impression materials and advanced techniques, we still come across imperfect fit of a dental prosthesis. Selection of impression material is based on the results from the research carried out, hence the accuracy of this research needs to be at the topmost priority, hence a proper research model and methodology has to be followed. The purpose of this paper was to highlight on technique and the device made to meet these requirements.

An in vitro study was done to evaluate the linear dimensional accuracy of commercially available polyvinyl siloxanes of varying viscosities using different impression techniques. A standardized experimental procedure is required to provide identical direction of insertion and removal of the trays that contained the impression material. An impression tray positioning device has been designed and machined in an attempt to meet these requirements.

It was found that putty-wash 2-step techniques with controlled bulk in stock tray found to be as accurate as multiple-mix technique, utilizing heavy viscosity and low viscosity combination in a custom tray and single-mix technique, utilizing medium viscosity in a custom tray.

Since times immemorial, dentists have faced the challenge of providing accord between function and esthetics. The occlusal plane, lost in patients rendered edentulous, should be relocated if complete dentures are to be esthetically and functionally satisfactory.

  Changes in the plane of occlusion modify the physical and functional relationship of the oral musculature leading to an alteration in function, comfort and also the esthetic value.

  Considering the importance of the accurate establishment of the location and the effect of the inclination of the established occlusal plane on function, esthetics and speech, a method to conform it to the occlusal plane that existed in the natural teeth seems necessary.

  This paper describes a custom-made instrument to check for the parallelism of ala-tragus line to the occlusal plane and also to check for the parallelism of occlusal plane to interpupillary line.

Aging is a process that takes place in every living individual. Every 10th person of the world population is 60 years old or above. Chronic diseases, low income and social status of the elderly, together with physiological changes caused by aging, affect the condition of the stomatognathic system. In the present article many studies are demonstrated considering tooth loss, state of the stomatognathic system and dental appliances as well as different organ changes in elderly through the years in different countries. The team approach of medical and dental experts in treating elderly patients is emphasized as well as different dental treatment options depending on general health factors.

Minimally invasive dentistry concept is now an essential part of dental procedures. Many novel materials and techniques have now been developed that are in line with the MI (minimal intervention) philosophy. One such technique is air abrasion. An attempt has been made in this article to cover all the aspects of air abrasion and to remove the misconceptions present about this technique.

Complete dentures may suffer from a lack of proper border extension, but most important of all is the posterior palatal extension on maxillary complete dentures. The posterior border terminates on a surface that is movable in varying degrees and not at a turn of tissue as are the other denture borders. Locating and designing of posterior palatal seal after thorough understanding of the anatomic and physiological boundaries of this dynamic region greatly enhances border seal and increases maxillary complete denture retention.

  The diagnostic evaluation and placement of posterior seal are often given only minor attention in complete denture construction. This article reviews the importance of the posterior palatal seal with regard to its anatomy, location, design and placement.

The altered cast impression technique is preferred to derive maximum support from the residual ridge in the distal extension partial denture hemimandibulectomy cases. The traditional method is designed primarily for making a secondary impression of the ridge in the functional form to correct a master cast. These functional impression techniques are time-consuming and involve multiple steps.

This article describes a new clinical and laboratory technique in impression making. Emphasis is placed on recording the anatomical form of teeth and functional form of the residual ridge in an individual tray using two different impression materials eliminating secondary impression.

Preservation of remaining structures is a primary goal of prosthetic rehabilitation. Continuously applied stresses on the remaining tissues from a large, heavy obturator jeopardize the health of the tissues, compromise the function of the prosthesis and affect patient comfort. Various techniques have been described for hollowing the bulb of an obturator after processing to reduce its weight; however, access to the inner aspects of the bulb is limited, preventing adequate control of thickness of the walls. This article presents a case report of a partially edentulous patient after partial hemimaxillectomy successfully rehabilitated with closed hollow bulb obturator prosthesis. The weight of the obturator has always been a hurdle in the rehabilitation of acquired palatal defects. A simple procedure for the fabrication of one piece hollow bulb obturator has been described in this article.

This article reports the reattachment of a fractured anterior tooth in a 17-year-old male patient with adhesive resin and a prefabricated metallic post.

Evaluation at 2 years revealed good reattachment, intact post, good esthetics (even after a repeat reattachment) and good periodontal health.

Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare autoimmune mucocutaneous disease with high mortality if untreated. Dental management is complicated due to involvement of oral mucosa, increased risk of oral disease and difficulty in rendering dental care. A male patient with exacerbated characteristics was rehabilitated with full mouth restorations following systemic treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Owing to the nature of the disease and discomfort in providing adequate oral hygiene measures, dietary intake and masticatory function, it is imperative to rehabilitate the patient with well-designed prosthesis. Although these diseases are relatively uncommon, clinicians must be sufficiently familiar with clinical manifestations to ensure early diagnosis and treatment.

Personal identification is an indispensable requirement for forensic and medicolegal investigations or, in case of an accident, loss of memory, states of unconsciousness being inadvertently misplaced on admission to a hospital or in identifying bodies of those who have died in a calamity. Positive identification through labeled dentures plays a key role in the above-mentioned scenario. The importance of denture identification has long been accredited by the dental profession and various denture identification systems have been reported in the literature. This clinical report highlights a technique of denture identification wherein a used IOPA lead foil with patient details engraved is incorporated within the heat polymerized resin during the processing of the denture.

Gingival hyperpigmentation poses an esthetic concern to many patients. Techniques available to perform these procedures are mucosal stripping by scalpel, bur abrasion, partial thickness flap, gingivectomy, free gingival grafts, by use of chemotherapeutic agents, electrosurgery, cryosurgery and lasers. This paper compares two different surgical approaches for the treatment of hyperpigmentation with their advantages and disadvantages.

Gingival depigmentation procedure of the maxillary gingiva was carried out by scalpel technique and mandibular gingiva by electrosurgical method.

Both the techniques yielded satisfactory results in eliminating the hyperpigmented areas. Follow-up was done after 1, 2 and 4 weeks and 1 year. At the end of 1 week, patient expressed slight tenderness and discomfort with the mandibular gingiva treated with electrosurgical method. Repigmentation appeared after 1 year on both arches but with less pigmentation on maxillary gingiva compared with mandibular gingiva.

Scalpel technique offers advantage of being easy, effective, less discomfort with esthetically acceptable results in comparison with electrosurgical method.