The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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2014 | March-April | Volume 15 | Issue 2

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EDITORIAL

Anil Sukumaran

The MERS-CoV Outbreak: Challenges Facing the Dental Profession

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/jcdp-15-2-i  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

1,780

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam, Somayeh Chookhachizadeh, Fereshteh Baghaii, Mojgan Alaeddini

Odontogenic Myxoma: A Study based on Biopsy Material over a 40-Year Period

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:137 - 141]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1503  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Odontogenic tumors, including odontogenic myxomas (OMs) are regarded as rare neoplasms in the human body. Nevertheless, they may be problematic for diagnosis and treatment planning due to possible variations between different races and countries. The aim of the current study was to present the clinicopathologic features of OM in an Iranian population over a 40-year period and compare them with those reported elsewhere.

Materials and methods

Clinical/demographic data and histologic slides of OMs and all lesions that could be considered in their differential diagnosis, reported from 1967-2008 were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using X2 and t-test and p < 0.05 was regarded significant.

Results

Forty OMs were identified, of which 42.5% occurred in men (mean age, 27.4 years) and 57.5% in women (mean age, 28.2 years). Most tumors were observed in the posterior mandible. All cases possessed the classic World Health Organization histologic features; while 3, 15 and 6 cases showed epithelial rests, residual bone and conspicuous collagen bundles, respectively. Five patients were followed and none of their tumors recurred.

Conclusion

The clinicopathologic characteristics of the current Iranian population are similar to most other reports with a predilection for the posterior mandible, 3rd decade and female subjects; however, there were variations in microscopic features of the studied cases.

Clinical significance

Clinical and histologic information on OM in different populations may be useful in clinical settings and treatment planning. Reporting more detailed histologic data can help clarify the biology of this tumor and aid in its histopathologic diagnosis.

How to cite this article

Etemad-Moghadam S, Chookhachizadeh S, Baghaii F, Alaeddini M. Odontogenic Myxoma: A Study based on Biopsy Material Over a 40-Year Period. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):137-141.

1,125

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Suyane Maria Luna Cruz de Vasconcelos, Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo, Joao Paulo Marques Saraiva Wenceslau, Iriana Carla Junqueira Zanin, Haroldo Cesar Pinheiro Beltrao, Carlos Augusto Oliveira Fernandes, Paulo Cesar de Almeida, Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues

In situ Assessment of Effects of the Bromide- and Fluoride-incorporating Adhesive Systems on Biofilm and Secondary Caries

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:142 - 148]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1504  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This in situ study assessed the effects of adhesive systems containing or not fluoride and/or the antibacterial monomer 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB) on the microbiological composition of dental biofilm and enamel demineralization.

Materials and methods

During two phases of 14 days, ten volunteers wore intraoral palatal appliances containing two slabs of human enamel according to a double-blind, crossover design. The slabs were randomly restored using a composite resin and one of the following adhesive systems: All-Bond SETM (self-etch, fluoride/MDPB free adhesive, AB) and Clearfil Protect Bond (self-etch containing fluoride and MDPB adhesive, CB). The biofilm formed on the slabs was analyzed with regard to total and mutans streptococci and lactobacilli counts. Demineralization represented by integrated area of hardness × lesion depth Delta S (ƒ¢S) was determined on enamel by analysis of cross-sectional microhardness, at 20 and 70 ƒÊm from the restoration margin. Data were analyzed by ANOVA.

Results

No statistically significant difference was found either in enamel demineralization or in the microbiological composition of dental biofilm.

Conclusion

All adhesive systems containing or not fluoride and/or MDPB tested were unable to inhibit secondary caries in the in situ model used in the present research.

How to cite this article

de Vasconcelos SMLC, de Melo MAS, Wenceslau JPMS, Zanin ICJ, Beltrao HCP, Fernandes CAO, de Almeida PC, Rodrigues LKA. In situ Assessment of Effects of the Bromide- and Fluoride-Incorporating Adhesive Systems on Biofilm and Secondary Caries. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):142-148.

1,305

RESEARCH ARTICLE

N Amrutha

Microwaves: A Revolution in Histoprocessing

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:149 - 152]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1505  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and Aim

Pathologists are under constant pressure for instant and reliable diagnosis. The manual procedures employed in private laboratories and institutional setup for histoprocessing and staining are laborious and intense. Thus, this study aims to evaluate and compare the microwave tissue processing and staining with the conventional methods which are in vogue.

Materials and methods

Of the formalin fixed tissue biopsies received by our department, 30 specimens were randomly picked and subjected to grossing. Each specimen was cut into equal halves, each half was processed and stained by conventional method while the other by the microwave method. The entire procedure was blinded and evaluated by four observers based on the criteria of Mahesh Babu et al (2011): Cellular clarity, cytoplasmic details, nuclear detail and color intensity. The results were statistically analyzed using Chi square test and kappa.

Results

The overall time employed for microwave processing was 2 hours and for conventional methods it was 7 hours, while H and E staining by microwave process took 16 minutes and 45 seconds and it took 31 minutes and 20 seconds by the conventional process. The diagnostic ability of microwave method yielded promising results and was less time consuming.

Conclusion

Microwave processing and staining yielded quicker and better results compared to the routine methods. Therefore, Microwave can serve as a quicker and a reliable diagnostic method for a pathologist.

How to cite this article

Amrutha N, Patil S, Rao RS. Microwaves: A Revolution in Histoprocessing. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):149-152.

1,657

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Abhinav Misuriya, Archana Bhardwaj, Sanjay Aggrawal, PS Pawan Kumar, Satyanarayana Gajjarepu

A Comparative Antimicrobial Analysis of Various Root Canal Irrigating Solutions on Endodontic Pathogens: An in vitro Study

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:8] [Pages No:153 - 160]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1506  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and objectives

Evolution in understanding the poly-microbial environment of both endodontic infections and that of failed root canal treatments has been debatable over the years. The present study was designed to compare and analyze the effect of various root canal irrigation solutions on certain endodontic pathogens in vitro.

Materials and methods

To analyze in vitro the zone of inhibition of the micro-organisms the following irrigating solutions were employed:

a. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 5%

b. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 3%

c. Chlorhexidine 2%

d. Chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12%

e. Doxycycline 0.01%

f. Doxycycline 0.005%

g. MTAD.

An agar culture plate inoculated with four endodontic pathogens was used namely

1. Enterococcus faecalis (MTCC-439)

2. Candida albicans (MTCC-183)

3. Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC-25586)

4. Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (ATCC-27337)

The inoculums were streaked out on the trypticase soy agar plate for discrete colonies with a wire loop using standard method. The inoculated plates carrying the antibiotic disks were incubated in an anaerobic jar in the following way–Anaerobic incubation–the following procedure was used to provide anaerobiosis with an increased concentration of carbon dioxide.

By this method the zone of inhibition obtained by different irrigating solutions against different pathogens could be compared.

Results

MTAD showed maximum antibacterial activity. In case of C. albicans MTAD was less effective than 5% NaOCl, 3% NaOCl and 2% CHX, 0.12% CHX. However, it was more effective against E. faecalis, F. nuleatum and P. anaerobicus. In any case, antimicrobial activity is not the only prerequisite for an endodontic irrigant. E. faecalis strain used in this study showed resistance to doxycycline; also doxycycline was ineffective against C. albicans at 0.01% and 0.005% concentrations.

Conclusion

It was found that MTAD was more antimicrobial than 5% NaOCl for some of the test micro-organisms; however the ability of MTAD to dissolve pulp tissue is not comparable to 5% NaOCl. In addition, 5 and 3% NaOCl showed significant antimicrobial activity against all test micro-organisms. The best option for a primary endodontic irrigant therefore is 5% NaOCl.

How to cite this article

Misuriya A, Bhardwaj A, Bhardwaj A, Aggrawal S, Kumar PSP, Gajjarepu S. A Comparative Antimicrobial Analysis of Various Root Canal Irrigating Solutions on Endodontic Pathogens: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):153-160.

1,530

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Pooja Trivedi, Moulshree Dube, Mihir Pandya, Hitesh Sonigra, Kiran Vachhani

Effect of Different Burs on the Topography of Smear Layer Formation on the Dentinal Surface: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:161 - 164]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1507  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Trivedi P, Dube M, Pandya M, Sonigra H, Vachhani K, Attur K. Effect of Different Burs on the Topography of Smear Layer Formation on the Dentinal Surface: A Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):161-164.

2,641

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Gustavo Otoboni Molina, Marcelo Tomás Oliveira, Henrique Vieira Constantino, Elysa Milioli, Janaina Salomon Ghizoni, Jefferson Ricardo Pereira

Evaluation of Mercury Contamination in Patients and Water during Amalgam Removal

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:165 - 168]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1508  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate mercury levels in wastewater and in patients during the removal of dental amalgam restorations.

Materials and methods

To test for mercury levels, patients were tested before and after amalgam restoration removal. To test for mercury emissions, samples of constant volume of wastewater from high-speed drills were collected before and during amalgam restoration removal.

Results

Although the systemic mercury levels were lower than the limit of biological tolerance, all patients had increased levels after dental restorations. All samples of wastewater had increased mercury levels too.

Conclusion

The urinary levels of mercury increased with dental amalgam removal using a high-speed drill. During the process of amalgam removal, water used for cooling the dental drill was contaminated with mercury.

Clinical significance

The mercury released by the physical action of the drill, the replacement material and especially the final destination of the amalgam waste can increase contamination levels that can be a risk for human and environment health.

How to cite this article

Oliveira MT, Constantino HV, Molina GO, Milioli E, Ghizoni JS, Pereira JR. Evaluation of Mercury Contamination in Patients and Water during Amalgam Removal. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):165-168.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Luiz Renato Paranhos, Fernando César Torres, Tiago Monteiro Brando, Armando K Kaieda, Adilson Luiz Ramos

The Inadequacy of the Y-axis of Growth (SNGn) for the Vertical Pattern Assessment in Patients with Sagittal Discrepancies

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:169 - 173]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1509  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this cephalometric study was to evaluate the influence of the sagittal skeletal pattern on the ‘Y-axis of growth’ measurement in patients with different malocclusions.

Materials and methods

Lateral head films from 59 patients (mean age 16y 7m, ranging from 11 to 25 years) were selected after a subjective analysis of 1630 cases. Sample was grouped as follows: Group 1 — class I facial pattern; group 2 — class II facial pattern; and Group 3 — class III facial pattern. Two angular measurements, SNGoGn and SNGn, were taken in order to determine skeletal vertical facial pattern. A logistic regression with errors distributed according to a binomial distribution was used to test the influence of the sagittal relationship (Class I, II, III facial patterns) on vertical diagnostic measurement congruence (SNGoGn and SNGn).

Results

Results show that the probability of congruence between the patterns SNGn and SNGoGn was relatively high (70%) for group 1, but for groups II (46%) and III (37%) this congruence was relatively low.

Conclusion

The use of SNGn appears to be inappropriate to determine the vertical facial skeletal pattern of patients, due to Gn point shifting throughout sagittal discrepancies.

Clinical Significance

Facial pattern determined by SNGn must be considered carefully, especially when severe sagittal discrepancies are present.

How to cite this article

Paranhos LR, Brando TM, Kaieda AK, Ramos AL, Torres FC. The Inadequacy of the Y-axis of Growth (Sng n) for the Vertical Pattern Assessment in Patients with Sagittal Discrepancies. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2): 169-173.

1,909

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Dina Al-Sudani, Majed Almalki, Saad Al-Shahrani, Michael Ahlquist

Geometric Analysis of Maxillary First Premolar Prepared by Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:174 - 180]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1510  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and comparing the shaping ability of two Nickel-titanium rotary instruments, with two disparate design features, on root canal geometry of extracted human maxillary first premolars using microcomputed tomography.

Study design

Twenty four bifurcated maxillary first premolars were divided into two groups and embedded in a rubber-based impression material. Both groups were submitted to microcomputed tomography before and after canal preparation (buccal and palatal) with either ProFile Vortex or Revo-S rotary instruments. Images were reconstructed and cross-sections corresponding to a distance 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm from the anatomical apex were selected for canal transportation analysis. Volume changes were also measured.

Results

The degree and direction of canal transportation were non-significant for both instruments. Statistically significant differences were observed only between levels in the buccal canal in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two rotary systems in regards to the volume of dentin removed.

Conclusion

Our findings showed that ProFile Vortex and Revo-S instruments respected the original root canal anatomy and behaved similarly. ProFile Vortex rotary systems produced with innovative process were concluded to shape the upper maxillary premolar by leading minimal canal transportation, similar to Revo-S, rotary systems produced from traditional process.

How to cite this article

Al-Sudani D, Almalki M, Al-Shahrani S, Ahlquist M. Geometric Analysis of Maxillary First Premolar Prepared by Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):174-180.

1,168

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Lanka Mahesh, TV Narayan, Sagrika Shukla, Georgios Kostakis

Periotest Values of Implants Placed in Sockets Augmented with Calcium Phosphosilicate Putty Graft: A Comparative Analysis against Implants Placed in Naturally Healed Sockets

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:181 - 185]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1511  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To measure implant stability using periotest values of implants placed in sockets augmented with calcium phosphosilicate putty (CPS Putty) as compared with implant stability in naturally healed sockets.

Materials and methods

Twenty two sockets were implanted with CPS Putty immediately after extraction. The sockets were re-entered after a healing period at 5 to 6 months (average 5.3 months) for implant placement. Periotest values were recorded during implant insertion to assess primary stability. These were compared with the Periotest values of 26 implants placed in 22 patients, with naturally healed sockets.

Result

Periotest values were significantly lower in the grafted group, indicating better implant stability in sites grafted with CPS putty.

Conclusion

Implant stability seems to be significantly higher in sockets augmented using CPS putty when compared to nongrafted sites. This suggests that socket grafting with CPS putty may enhance the quality of available bone for implantation.

How to cite this article

Mahesh L, Narayan TV, Kostakis G, Shukla S. Periotest Values of Implants Placed in Sockets Augmented with Calcium Phosphosilicate Putty Graft: A Comparative Analysis against Implants Placed in Naturally Healed Sockets. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):181-185.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Renato de Toledo Leonardo, Edson Alves de Campos, Katia Cristina Keine, Milton Carlos Kuga, Flávia Angélica Guiotti, Carolina Andolfatto, Norberto Batista de Faria-Júnior, Andrea Abi Rached Dantas

Fracture Resistance of Teeth Submitted to Several Internal Bleaching Protocols

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:186 - 189]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1512  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of teeth submitted to several internal bleaching protocols using 35% hydrogen peroxide (35HP), 37% carbamide peroxide (37CP), 15% hydrogen peroxide with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (15HPTiO2) photoactivated by LED-laser or sodium perborate (SP).

Materials and methods

After endodontic treatment, fifty bovine extracted teeth were divided into five groups (n = 10): G1—unbleached; G2—35HP; G3—37CP; G4—15HPTiO2 photoactivated by LED-laser and G5—SP. In the G2 and G4, the bleaching protocol was applied in 4 sessions, with 7 days intervals between each session. In the G3 and G5, the materials were kept in the pulp teeth for 21 days, but replaced every 7 days. After 21 days, the teeth were subjected to compressive load at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min, applied at 135° to the long axis of the root using an eletromechanical testing machine, until teeth fracture. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (á = 5%).

Results

The 35HP, 37CP, 15HPTiO2 and SP showed similar fracture resistance teeth reduction (p > 0.05). All bleaching treatments reduced the fracture resistance compared to unbleached teeth (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

All bleaching protocols reduced the fracture resistance of endodontically-treated teeth, but there were no differences between each other.

Clinical significance

There are several internal bleaching protocols using hydrogen peroxide in different concentrations and activation methods. This study evaluated its effects on fracture resistance in endodontically-treated teeth.

How to cite this article

de Toledo Leonardo R, Kuga MC, Guiotti FA, Andolfatto C, de Faria-Júnior NB, de Campos EA, Keine KC, Dantas AAR. Fracture Resistance of Teeth Submitted to Several Internal Bleaching Protocols. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):186-189.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Samir Mansuri, Abdul Mujeeb, Seema Abid Hussain, Kausar Ramaswamy

In vitro Evaluation of Topical Fluoride ph and their Effect on Surface Hardness of Composite Resin-based Restorative Materials

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:190 - 194]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1513  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of the study was to correlate the pH and fluoride ion uptake with surface hardness of composite resin based restorative materials after topical fluoride application.

Methodology

Forty disks of each of test materials Composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), Resin modified glass ionomer (Vitremer) and Compomer (Dyract AP) were made and ten disks of each material were placed in different test solutions – 1.23% APF gel, Sodium fluoride mouth rinse, 0.9% neutral fluoride and distilled water (Control group). After 36 hours of immersion, specimens were subjected to microhardness testing machine for evaluation of surface hardness.

Results

The greater hardness deterioration for all materials resulted with 1.23% APF gel when compared to the control group. Composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA) showed 17.13 VHN (control group 59.11 VHN). Vitremer showed 9.71 VHN (control group 37.71 VHN). Compomer showed 19.22 VHN (control group 36.78 VHN).

Conclusion

1.23% ApF gel significantly decreased hardness of composite, Vitremer and Compomer. Hardness deterioration associated with sodium fluoride mouth rinse and 0.9% neutral fluoride was less compared to 1.23% ApF gel.

How to cite this article

Mujeeb A, Mansuri S. Hussain SA, Ramaswamy K. In vitro Evaluation of Topical Fluoride pH and their Effect on Surface Hardness of Composite Resin-based Restorative Materials. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2): 190-194.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Alessandra Bühler Borges, Carolina Anne Guimarães, Eduardo Bresciani, Carolina Judica Ramos, Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges

Effect of Incorporation of Remineralizing Agents into Bleaching Gels on the Microhardness of Bovine Enamel in situ

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:195 - 201]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1514  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This study evaluated the effect of adding calcium or fluoride to 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching gel and the effect of human saliva on the microhardness of sound and demineralized enamel, using an in situ model.

Materials and methods

Cylindrical bovine enamel specimens (3 × 2 mm) were divided into two groups (n = 30): sound enamel (SE) and demineralized enamel (DE). Each group was divided into three subgroups, according to the bleaching gel: 35% HP; 35% HP + calcium; 35% HP + fluoride. After bleaching therapy, the specimens were fixed to intraoral devices worn by 10 volunteers for 7 days. Surface enamel microhardness (SMH) was measured before and after bleaching procedures, and after 1 and 7 days of saliva exposure. Data were analyzed by Repeated Measures ANOVA (5%).

Results

The variable time resulted in significant differences for SE and DE groups (p = 0.001). For SE, significantly lower SMH was detected for control at post-bleaching period in comparison to the baseline and after 7 days. For DE, the lowest mean values were obtained before bleaching, and the addition of calcium to the peroxide significantly increased enamel SMH. The exposure to human saliva resulted in increased SMH.

Conclusion

The addition of potential remineralizing agents into bleaching gels might play an important role in maintaining the microhardness of sound enamel and in inducing remineralization of artificially demineralized enamel right after bleaching, and the remineralizing action of human saliva might minimize the deleterious effects of bleaching gels on enamel.

Clinical significance

The incorporation of calcium into HP bleaching gel might be beneficial for the initial phases of the bleaching procedure.

How to cite this article

Borges AB, Guimarães CA, Bresciani E, Ramos CJ, Borges ALS, Torres CRG. Effect of Incorporation of Remineralizing Agents into Bleaching Gels on the Microhardness of Bovine Enamel in situ. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):195-201.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Antoine N Berberi, Ziad N Noujeim, Wasfi H Kanj, Rita J Mearawi, Ziad A Salameh

Immediate Placement and Loading of Maxillary Single- Tooth Implants: A 3-Year Prospective Study of Marginal Bone Level

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:7] [Pages No:202 - 208]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1515  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The purpose of this study was to evaluate marginal bone level around single-tooth implants placed in anterior maxilla and immediately restored.

Materials and Methods

Twenty implants were placed in 20 patients (8 men and 12 women) that were selected for this study. Following atraumatic non-surgical extraction of tooth, all patients immediately received implants and the definitive prefabricated abutment was placed. Implant position was transferred to the scanning unit of the CAD/CAM system using prefabricated surgical guide. Temporary crowns were immediately fabricated and cemented.

Eight weeks later final crowns were luted. Outcome assessment as implant survival and level of marginal bone radiographic evaluations were performed at 8 weeks, 1 and 3 years time period after loading.

Results

All implants placed osseointegrated successfully after 3 years of functional loading.

The mean marginal bone loss was 0.16 mm (SD, 0.167 mm), 0.275 mm (SD, 0.171 mm) and 0.265 mm (SD, 0.171 mm) at 8 weeks, 1 and 3 years time period respectively. Four out of the 20 implants showed no bone loss.

Conclusion

Immediate loading technique using the final abutment directly eliminated the need for a second stage surgery and prevented interruption of soft and hard tissue at implant neck, which resulted in better soft tissue response and reduced marginal bone loss.

Clinical significance

Immediately loaded implants, in fresh extraction sockets by insertion of a provisional restoration on the titanium abutment without any later manipulation, helped to protect the initially forming blood clot and presented a template for soft tissue contouring that resulted in significant reduction of marginal bone resorption and maintenance of soft tissue architecture.

How to cite this article

Berberi AN, Noujeim ZN, Kanj WH, Mearawi RJ, Salameh ZA. Immediate Placement and Loading of Maxillary Single-Tooth Implants: A 3-Year Prospective Study of Marginal Bone Level. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2): 202-208.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Alvaro Henrique Borges, Fábio Luis Miranda Pedro, Matheus Coelho Bandéca, Luiz Evaristo Ricci Volpato, Alessandro Tadeu Corrêa Marques, Alexandre Meirelles Borba, Carlo Ralph de Musis

Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in a Brazilian Subpopulation

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:209 - 213]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1516  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Pedro FLM, Bandéca MC, Volpato LER, Marques ATC, Borba AM, de Musis CR, Borges AH. Prevalence of Impacted Teeth in a Brazilian Subpopulation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):209-213.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Seyyed Ali Asghar Sefidgar, Ali Akbar Moghadamnia, Reza Ghadimi, Leila Shirkhani

Comparative Study of Kefir Yogurt-Drink and Sodium Fluoride Mouth Rinse on Salivary Mutans Streptococci

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:214 - 217]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1517  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The level of mutans streptococci (MS) is reduced by regularly consumption of probiotic Kefir drink. The present study aiming at answer to this question ‘may the Kefir drink be considered an alternative to fluoride rinse?’

Materials and Methods

Twenty-two healthy volunteers aged 22-32 years with good oral hygiene participated in this study. None of participants had received any antibiotic or antimicrobial agent or professional fluoride therapy within the last month. None of them exhibited active caries lesions. Smokers and subjects who have chewing gums xylitol habit or who were undergoing orthodontic treatment were excluded. In a cross over design with 2 parallel groups, people in group A for 2 weeks received 100 ml of Kefir drink per day, then avoided brushing, eating and drinking for an hour. Simultaneously, people in group B were administered 0.05% sodium fluoride rinse in the same manner. After washout period, people in groups A and B respectively used 0.05% sodium fluoride rinse and Kefir drink. Saliva sampling was performed before and after interventions. The acidity and the count of MS were assessed and data were analyzed statistically.

Result

There was no significant difference between base line pH values of saliva in study groups (p > 0.05). Although, a significant difference was shown between MS counts before and after interventions (p . 0.0001 and p . 0.0001 for NaF and Kefir respectively), but the equal inhibitory effect was found between study groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Kefir drink can inhibit salivary MS as well the sodium fluoride rinse. This beverage may be considered an alternative for fluoride rinse.

Clinical significance

Probiotics containing dairy products was known with anticariogenic properties. These agents may be used in caries control strategies adjunctively.

How to cite this article

Ghasempour M, Sefidgar SAA, Moghadamnia AA, Ghadimi R, Gharekhani S, Shirkhani L. Comparative Study of Kefir Yogurt-Drink and Sodium Fluoride Mouth Rinse on Salivary Mutans Streptococci. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):214-217.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Tolga F Tözüm, Ozkan Ozgul, Erhan Dursun, Betul Memis Ozgul, Yasemin Kartal, Fatih Mehmet Coskunses, Ismail Doruk Kocyigit

The Impact of Handicap Severity on Oral and Periodontal Status of Patients with Mental Retardation

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:218 - 222]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1518  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

Mental retardation (MR) subjects comprise a considerable amount of the community and are susceptible to oral and periodontal problems due to insufficient oral care. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the oral health and periodontal status of MR patients in Turkey with regard to periodontal indices and Decay missed filling teeth (DMFT) scores and compare findings according to severity of the MR.

Materials and methods

One hundred and five MR patients were included to the study and divided into 3 groups according to MR severity diagnoses. Demographic variables like age, gender, disabled sibling, BMI, living an institution and clinical parameters like plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), missing teeth and DMFT scores were recorded from all subjects. Appropriate statistical analyses were used to compare the findings.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between groups according to age, gender, disabled sibling, living status and DMFT scores. Clinical periodontal indices and the number of missing teeth were showed a statistically significant increasing trend with the severity of MR (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed significant positive correlations between PI and periodontal disease measures like GI, PD, CAL and BOP and also between PI and DMFT (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The deteriorated teeth condition and deprived periodontal health of MR patients may be most likely caused by the poor oral hygiene and may be worsen with the severity of the MR.

Clinical significance

Knowledge of oral and periodontal status of mental retardation patients has great importance for public health and family education.

How to cite this article

Ozgul O, Dursun E, Ozgul BM, Kartal Y, Coskunses FM, Kocyigit ID, Tözüm TF. The Impact of Handicap Severity on Oral and Periodontal Status of Patients with Mental Retardation. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):218-222.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

MN Praveen, MG Jayachandra, Kirankumar B Dhanappa, Ramakrishna Ravi, Prashanth Deshpande, Sharaschandra M Biradar

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Healthcare Ethics and Law among Dental Graduates at the RV Dental College, Bengaluru

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:223 - 228]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1519  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Objective

To assess knowledge, attitudes and practices among the dental graduate in relation to healthcare ethics and law.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study design was employed using a self-administered questionnaire. A 15 item questionnaire about law and ethics was devised; tested and made available to all levels of gradates including teaching staff, postgraduates and intern at dental college in Bengaluru. A total of 116 graduates participated, with a response rate of 96.5% (n = 112).

Results

Seventy-six percent of the participants said that they are legally bound to treat all the patients who approach them for the treatment. Nearly 32% of the participants have mentioned the various other reasons for the rejection apart from the reason like HIV+, poor patients and patients with the contagious disease.

Conclusion

The study points to the need for appropriate training among graduates including the professional staffs and other graduates, and to devise means to sensitize them to issues of law and ethics in the workplace.

How to cite this article

Dhanappa KB, Praveen MN, Ravi R, Jayachandra MG, Deshpande P, Biradar SM. Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Healthcare Ethics and Law among Dental Graduates at the RV Dental College, Bengaluru. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):223-228.

1,100

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Naveen Gupta, Giridhar Reddy, V Vinod, Abhinav Misuriya, M Bharathi, Kethi Reddy Mahesh Babu

Partial Edentulism based on Kennedy's Classification: An Epidemiological Study

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:3] [Pages No:229 - 231]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1520  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of different Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism during 18 months period.

Materials and methods

Patients were clinically examined for various Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism in the outpatient department (OPD), prosthodontics, GPRDCH, Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh)

Results

Of the total 1,420 OPD patients, Kennedy's class III was the most frequent classification encountered (62%) and followed by Kennedy's class I (18%), class II (11%), and class IV (9%) in decreasing order.

Conclusion

The patients with various Kennedy's classes of partial edentulism can be offered various treatment modalities like removable cast partial dentures, fixed partial dentures, over dentures and implant supported dentures. This study can be crucial for screening the population for incidence of tooth loss as a factor of gender and age.

Clinical significance

Tooth loss appears to have an important role in the loss of esthetics and mastication. Study of incidence of various classes of partial edentulism provides clinically useful information for dental training and continuing education.

How to cite this article

Bharathi M, Babu KRM, Reddy G, Gupta N, Misuriya A, Vinod V. Partial Edentulism based on Kennedy's Classification: An Epidemiological Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):229-231.

3,754

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Masafumi Kanehira, Werner J Finger, Keiichi Sasaki, Naohiko Iwasaki, Hidekazu Takahashi, Natthavoot Koottathape

Texture of Composite Resins Exposed to Two- and Three- Body Wear in vitro

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:10] [Pages No:232 - 241]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1521  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Purpose

To analyze on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures from eight composite resins, taken in the centers of the initial, the middle and the terminal thirds of in vitro produced wear tracks morphological features to explain causative mechanisms for the material wear observed under two- and three-body wear.

Materials and methods

In vitro wear behavior of eight composite resins, three conventional and five nanofiller containing marketed products was evaluated using a custommade Zr-ball-on-disk sliding device. The composite specimens were subjected to 50,000 one-way sliding cycles (1.2 Hz, 50 N load), either simulating two-body wear with water as the intermediate medium or three-body wear using aqueous suspensions of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) beads and poppy seeds, respectively. Volume loss of the materials was determined in previous study. Representative specimens were selected for inspection by scanning electron microscopy at 500-fold magnification. From each of the 24 wear tracks microphotographs were taken in the central deepest parts of the initial, middle and terminal thirds of the tracks.

Results

For most materials morphological differences were detected depending on the location within the wear track. As a rule, the surface deterioration found increased toward the final part of the wear scar. According to common classification in tribology abrasive wear and fatigue wear, or a combination of both mechanisms were found for all materials tested. Wear was dependent both on the testing mode and on the composition of the individual composite resin material.

Conclusion

The morphological assessment of wear tracks reflects the nature of the abrasive and reveals insight into the mechanism generating wear patterns. Morphological details confirmed abrasive and fatigue-related wear as main failure mechanisms. Selection of food-like slurries as third-body media, such as poppy seed suspension is mandatory to simulate wear of composite restorations in occlusal cavities where three-body wear is the dominating determinant of loss of substance and surface deterioration.

How to cite this article

Iwasaki N, Takahashi H, Koottathape N, Kanehira M, Finger WJ, Sasaki K. Texture of Composite Resins Exposed to Two- and Three-Body Wear in vitro. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):232-241.

1,266

CASE REPORT

Preeti Agarwal Katyayan

Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Acquired Maxillary Defects Secondary to Mucormycosis: Clinical Cases

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:8] [Pages No:242 - 249]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1522  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Shah RJ, Katyayan MK, Katyayan PA, Chauhan V. Prosthetic Rehabilitation of Acquired Maxillary Defects Secondary to Mucormycosis: Clinical Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):242-249.

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CASE REPORT

Sandra Kalil Bussadori, Camila Haddad Leal de Godoy, Thays Almeida Alfaya, Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes, Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari, Lara Jansiski Motta

Chemo-Mechanical Caries Removal with PapacarieTM: Case Series with 84 Reports and 12 Months of Follow-up

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:250 - 253]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1523  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

The aim of the present study was to determine the success rate after 12 months of follow-up in a series of cases in which chemo-mechanical caries removal (CMCR) was performed with PapacarieTM, followed by restoration with glass ionomer cement.

Background

The development of conservative techniques for carious tissue removal and improvements in dental restoration materials have allowed better preservation of dental structures in the treatment of decayed teeth. Chemo-mechanical caries removal (CMCR) is a conservative atraumatic treatment option. PapacarieTM is a papain-based material developed to act only on the carious dentin, allowing its easy removal with a blunt curette.

Case report

The study involved a total of 84 deciduous posterior teeth with occlusal dentinal caries. Only teeth without risk of pulp exposure were studied. After a period of 12 months, the restorations were evaluated based on criteria employed in previous studies. The radiographic evaluation revealed resorption and calcification of the affected teeth. The data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis with the aid of the XLSTAT program. The success rate was 88.1% and 98.8% based on the clinical and radiographic evaluations, respectively. The difference between the success and failure rates was statistically significant (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

PapacarieTM is an effective product for CMCR on occlusal dentinal tissue in deciduous teeth, demonstrating a high clinical and radiographic success rate after 12 months of follow-up.

How to cite this article

Buskadori SK, de Godoy CHL, Alfaya TA, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Motta LJ. Chemo- Mechanical Caries Removal with Papacarietm: Case Series with 84 Reports and 12 Months of Follow-up. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):250-253.

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CASE REPORT

Felipe Fornias Sperandio, Marina Lara de Carli, Eduardo Pereira Guimarães, Alessandro Antônio Costa Pereira, João Adolfo Costa Hanemann

Noninvasive Treatment Choice for an Aged Down Syndrome Patient Presenting a Residual Periapical Cyst

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:254 - 257]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1524  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

This is the first report to illustrate the marsupialization as an effective treatment for a Down Syndrome (DS) patient presenting a residual periapical cyst.

Background

These cysts occur within the alveolar ridge, usually at the local site of a previously extracted tooth that did not received proper curettage; usually the surgical excision of a cyst and also the vigorous curettage of a socket is very simple, if not for the fact that mentally disabled patients require rapid and non-stressful procedures.

Case description

The 54-year-old DS patient represented herein received a minimally invasive marsupialization under local anesthesia. Due to the large extent of the lesion, the acrylic resin drain was maintained for 30 days. Through the following period, a daily irrigation of the cystic cavity with saline solution was carried out to prevent a secondary infection within the cystic cavity. A follow-up of 16 months showed no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion

Marsupialization of residual periapical cyst is completely effective and safe, even for a DS patient that is considered to be at an advanced age.

Clinical significance

Marsupialization poses as a minimally invasive choice for mentally disabled patients, even when presenting advanced ages; treatment success was stated by the easy clinical conduct, uneventful postoperative situation and the lack of recurrence along 16 months of follow-up.

How to cite this article

Sperandio FF, de Carli ML, Guimarães EP, Pereira AAC, Hanemann JAC. Noninvasive Treatment Choice for an Aged Down Syndrome Patient Presenting a Residual Periapical Cyst. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2): 254-257.

1,428

REVIEW ARTICLE

Medha A Joshi

Bibliometric Indicators for Evaluating the Quality of Scientific Publications

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:5] [Pages No:258 - 262]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1525  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Joshi MA. Bibliometric Indicators for Evaluating the Quality of Scientific Publications. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):258-262.

8,181

REVIEW ARTICLE

DS Sanketh, N Amrutha, Shankargouda Patil

Metastatic Tumors of the Oral Cavity

[Year:2014] [Month:March-April] [Volume:15] [Number:2] [Pages:9] [Pages No:263 - 271]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1526  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

How to cite this article

Rao RS, Patil S, Sanketh DS, Amrutha N. Metastatic Tumors of the Oral Cavity. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(2):263-271.

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