Dengue fever with its severe manifestations, such as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) has emerged as a major public health problem of international concern. Dengue, presenting as dengue fever (DF) or DHF or DSS, also has some effect on liver function. This study was conducted to find out the impact of dengue on liver function and correlation between clinical manifestation of dengue fever and degree of liver injury.

This prospective randomized study was done on 200 outpatient department/inpatient department (OPD/IPD) patients in age group of 12 to 60 years including both sexes who confirm to the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Investigation included measurements of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) and creatinine. Degree of liver involvement was classified in four groups.

Out of 200 cases, 181 (90.5%) were diagnosed as dengue fever, nine (4.5%) as DHF, five (2.5%) as DSS, five (2.5%) as hepato-renal involvement; 24 (12.0%) had grade 0 liver injury, 126 (63.0%) had grade 1 liver injury, 34 (17%) had grade 2 liver injury, 10 (5.0%) had grade 3 liver injury and six (3.0%) had grade 4 liver injury.

Mild elevation of the liver enzymes is a common feature of dengue infection. There is high relation between the degree of liver damage and the appearance of the complications.

Uchadadia S, Ghodke B, Bhuta K, Kejriwal A, Ghanekar J. Degree of Impairment of Liver Function in Dengue Fever Correlates to the Severity of its Complications. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):115-119.

Poisoning is a global health problem and one of the major causes of hospitalization through emergency department. In several studies, preponderance of males in younger age group and pesticide consumption has been reported.

The present study was undertaken at MGM Hospital and Research Centre, Central Business District (CBD) Belapur, Navi Mumbai, India to study the epidemiological profile of acute poisoning cases; following a chance observation of female preponderance among poisoning cases attending the hospital. Acute poisoning cases, who visited the hospital during the period of five years from 1st July 2007 to 30th June 2012, were included in the study. The data were pooled into pre-designed variable structure for the analysis.

A total of 234 poisoning cases have been reported, majority of which, reside in neighboring areas of Belapur and Kharghar inhabited by middle to high income population group. Out of them, 172 (69.51%) patients were in the age group of 16 to 35 years and mean age was 26 years. The female to male ratio was 1.75:1 and contrary to other comparative studies, this reverse gender trend was found statistically significant (p < 0.001). A total of 137 (58.55%) poisoning cases were married. However, the proportion of married women–92/149 (61.74%), was statistically significant, placing young married women at higher risk of poisoning (p < 0.0001). In 32 (13.68%) cases, poisoning was accidental, while in remaining 202 (86.32%) deliberate self-harm (DSH) was the reason. Among the poisons consumed, psychotropic drugs (24.79%), insecticides (11.54%) and disinfectants (11.11%) constituted the bulk.

This is the first study, in Maharashtra and one among few in the country, which has reported high preponderance of young married women among poisoning cases. Adverse male to female ratio (1000:893) in Thane district where Navi Mumbai is located, coupled with findings of high incidence of acute poisoning in females, is a clear indication of social distress among women in this part of the country.

Mahadik V, Waingankar P, TaralekarR, Anjenaya S, Thatkar P, Pilewar S. Gender Difference in Acute Poisoning Cases in an Urban Area in Navi Mumbai, India. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):120-124.

Hip fracture is a major public health problem because of its prevalence, economic costs, and health consequences. Intertrochanteric hip fractures account for approximately half of the hip fractures in the elderly; out of this more than 50% fractures are unstable. Displacement and stability of an intertrochanteric fracture are an important determinant of treatment.

To find out the level of recovery in different types of intertrochanteric hip fractures and to assess the functional capacity of patients who had an intertrochanteric hip fractures of different types.

Fourteen subjects who underwent hip surgery for stable or unstable intertrochanteric fracture with internal fixation since 6 months to 1 year in the age group of 40 to 60 years were analyzed using the Harris hip score (HHS) to assess the level of recovery of the patient.

Fourteen subjects with intertrochanteric fracture were recruited for the study. The pain component of HHS depicts that stable type of an intertrochanteric fracture displays a better mean pain score of 40.00 (SD = 0.00) compared to unstable t ype with a mean score of 3 6.29 (SD = 6.05) and the score for activity limitation concludes that there is less activity limitation in stable type compared to the unstable type of an intertrochanteric fracture with a mean score of 34.86 (SD = 6.69) and 23.86 (SD = 14.06) respectively. Deformity infers that stable type of intertrochanteric fracture shows less deformity at a score of 0.000 as compared to unstable type at 0.571 (SD = 1.51) and score for range of motion (ROM) is limited in stable type with a score of 3.86 (SD = 0.72) compared to 4.13 (SD = 0.55) scored by unstable type of intertrochanteric fracture group. The results for HHS shows stable type of intertrochanteric fracture displays a better HHS at 78.71 (SD = 6.18) compared to 64.85 (SD = 16.33) scored by unstable type group. A statistical comparison of HHS using Mann-Whitney U Statistic shows that there is no significant difference at 0.05 levels between stable and unstable type of intertrochanteric fracture groups.

This study concludes that a descriptive statistics of HHS mean scores falling in favor of stable type of intertrochanteric fracture, but a statistical comparison using Mann-Whitney U Statistic shows that there is no significant difference at 0.05 levels between stable and unstable type of intertrochanteric fracture groups.

Sreeraj SR, Kohli S, Inamdar FF, Shroff R. Level of Recovery after Stable and Unstable Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):125-130.

Singh G, Urhekar AD, Singh R. Comparison of Different Methods for Diagnosis of Malarial Parasites. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):131-136.

Despite numerous studies, the etiology of preeclampsia has not been fully elucidated. The study of serum calcium and serum magnesium is gaining ground in the pathophysiology of hypertension.

A comparative study of serum calcium and serum magnesium in women with pre-eclamptic pregnancy and its comparison with healthy normotensive nonpregnant women and healthy normotensive pregnant women in third trimester.

Serum calcium and serum magnesium were measured in 52 women with pre-eclampsia in their trimester of pregnancy as patients group, and in 73 healthy normotensive nonpregnant women and 65 healthy normotensive pregnant women as control groups with similar maternal and gestational ages. Pre-eclamptic group was further divided into two subgroups mild (n = 36) and severe pre-eclampsia (n = 16). This is the case-control hospital based study carried in the Department of Biochemistry, MGM Medical College and associated MY Hospital, Indore, Madhya Pradesh.

There were no significant differences among the three groups in age and body mass index (BMI) (p > 0.05) but significantly higher differences in gestational age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed (p < 0.001). When comparison of serum calcium and serum magnesium between healthy normotensive nonpregnant women (9.87 ± 0.6 mg/dl, 2.60 ± 0.3 mg/dl) and healthy normotensive pregnant women was done, the levels were lower in the healthy normotensive pregnant women (9.34 ± 0.49 mg/dl, 2.36 ± 0.13 mg/dl) with statistically higher significant difference (p < 0.001). Lower mean values of serum calcium and serum magnesium were found in pre-eclamptic women (8.82 ± 0.93 mg/dl, 1.74 ± 0.24 mg/dl) than those of healthy normotensive nonpregnant women (9.87 ± 0.6 mg/dl, 2.60 ± 0.3 mg/dl) and healthy normotensive pregnant women (9.34 ± 0.49 mg/dl, 2.36 ± 0.13 mg/dl) in third with statistically higher significant differences (p < 0.001). As compare to mild pre-eclamptic pregnant women (9.07 ± 0.8 mg/ dl, 1.77 ± 0.24 mg/dl), the levels of serum calcium and serum magnesium in severe pre-eclamptic pregnant women (8.25 ± 0.97 mg/dl 1.65 ± 0.24 mg/dl) was lower and the difference was significantly higher (p < 0.001).

These findings support the hypothesis that hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia are possible etiologies of pre-eclampsia and levels of calcium may be more important than magnesium.

Varma V, Sogani S, Sarkar PD. Comparative Study of Serum Calcium and Magnesium in Pre-eclamptic Pregnancies in Third Trimester and its Comparison with Healthy Normotensive Nonpregnant and Pregnant Women and to Evaluate their role in Pregnancy-induced Hypertension. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):137-141.

Ghosh PK, Singh U, Yadav RP. Predictive Perspectives of Disease—Transformed Protein Biomarkers. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):142-148.

Math MV, Kattimani YR, Khadkikar RM, Gadda RB, Inamdar RS. Biophysics and Surface Chemistry in Physiology. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):149-152.

Thakur M, Kadam SN. Nanotechnology: Applications in Clinical Practice. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3): 153-160.

Verma AK, Chaturvedi S, Ali M, Suhag A, Bhargava S, Yadav H. Fabrication of Hollow Bulb Obturator with Maxillary Partial Denture for Congenital Cleft Palate Defect. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):161-164.

Raut N, Singhania P, ShringarpureS, Joshi N. Local Allergic Reaction to Contrast Material during Retrograde Urethrography. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):165-166.

Kotkar KD, Kadam S, Patel A, KaulSK, Karbhase J. Concomitant Repair of Superficial Femoral Artery and Vein in a Case of Peripheral Vascular Trauma. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):167-169.

Someshwar S, Jindal S, Jerajani HR. Favre-Racouchot Syndrome with Predominant Nose Involvement. MGM J Med Sci 2015;2(3):170-171.