World Journal of Dentistry

Register      Login

Table of Content

2011 | January-March | Volume 2 | Issue 1

Total Views

EDITORIAL

Raghunath Puttaiah

Call for Indian dental faculty, students and dental researchers to join “The International Association for Dental Research (IADR)”

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:1] [Pages No:0 - 0]

   DOI: 10.5005/wjoud-2-1-v  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

995

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Raghunath Puttaiah, Sadashiva Shetty, Deepthi Shetty, Sumit Dubey, Scott Walters, Ira Bernstein, Katherine Froelich-Grobe

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Dental Infection Control and Occupational Safety in India: 1999 and 2010

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:9] [Pages No:1 - 9]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1045  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The objective was to study knowledge, attitudes, practice (KAP) and needs regarding infection control measures using two cross-sectional surveys from 1999 and 2010 conducted in India. Both data collection instruments had only about 35 comparable variables in common. In 1999, there were 456 respondents (dentists) who used a self-administered survey instrument compared to 272 respondents in 2010. Both the 1999 and 2010 samples were mutually independent with no overlap, had regional differences, and therefore were not directly compared for changes in KAP over time. While almost all respondents from both surveys felt that education in dental safety was needed and wanted mandatory dental safety curriculum in dental schools, severe inadequacies in dental safety knowledge, protection against immunizable diseases, and practice of universal precaution were noted. Data from the study demonstrated that there is a substantial opportunity to improve the knowledge, attitude and practice of dental infection control and occupational safety in India. Respondents reported that infectious disease status of a patient is always known and a significant number reported that they had the right to refuse care for patients of known infectious disease status. Stigma in treating HIV/AIDS patients was still a concern, an ethically troubling response suggesting the need for a stronger focus on educating dentists in subjects, such as dental safety, stigma and infectious disease. Information obtained from this study could be utilized for developing policies oriented towards increasing dental safety educational efforts, in both dental schools as curriculum, and for practicing dentists through professional updates or continuing dental education.

3,243

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Daphne Câmara Barcellos, Alessandra Buhler Borges, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Sergio Eduardo de Paiva Gonçalves, Marcella Batista Pavanello, Ana Carolina Souza

Influence of Er: Yag Laser on Shear Bond Strength of Self-etching Adhesives to Bovine Enamel: In vitro Study

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:11 - 15]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1046  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the enamel treatment with Er:YAG laser on the bond strength of self-etching adhesives.

Materials and methods

One-hundred bovine incisors were ground to obtain flat enamel surfaces. The bond area was delimited with 3 mm diameter adhesive tape. Specimens were divided in two groups: Group L: Enamel surface received Er:YAG laser application (Kavo KEY 3) at 300 mJ/6 Hz in sweeping mode for 30 seconds; Group N: Enamel surface received no additional treatment. Each group was divided into five subgroups according to self-etching adhesive: S&E (Self & Etch), FB (Futurabond NR), XE (Xeno III), OU (One-Up bond F), CL (Clearfil SE Bond). Cylinders of Z250 composite were fabricated on the bonding area using a teflon matrix. The teeth were stored in water at 37°C/ 24 hours and submitted to shear testing at a speed of 1 mm/min.

Results

The results were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test, obtaining p-value = 0.001. The mean values (±SD) in MPa for each group/subgroup were: N/FB—19.65(±3.87)a; N/CL—19.55(±3.78)a; N/OU—15.57(±2.85)ab; N/XE—15.32(±4.00)b; L/CL— 13.91(±2.54)b; L/OU—13.16(±2.17)bc; L/XE—9.74(±1.65)cd; N/S&E—8.83(±2.63)d; L/FB—8.30(±2.27)d; L/S&E—6.56(±1.55)d.

Conclusion

It was concluded that the enamel surface treatment with Er:YAG laser reduced the bond strength significantly for most of the self-etching adhesives tested.

731

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Raju Shashidara, Sudheendra Udyavara Sridhara

Kitchen Microwave-Assisted Accelerated Method for Fixation and Processing of Oral Mucosal Biopsies: A Pilot Study

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:17 - 21]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1047  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and aim

Conventional protocols of formalin fixation and processing add time and cost to histoprocessing. This study aims to evaluate an indigenously developed protocol for microwave histoprocessing and compare it with the routine protocol for histoprocessing.

Materials and methods

A total of 40 human buccal mucosal specimens were processed according to the microwave and the routine protocol. Sections obtained were coded and evaluated for the following: Section quality, staining quality, artifacts, cellular details in epithelium, nuclear detail and diagnostic ability. Parameters were graded as suboptimal, optimal and good, and results were statistically analyzed.

Results

The number of good and optimal specimens in both the protocols were almost similar for all parameters assessed with better results for cellular detail, nuclear detail, staining and sectioning quality seen in microwave-fixed samples. Artefacts were lesser in routine processing protocol.

Conclusions

Microwave alcohol fixation protocol provides good and faster fixation compared to routine fixation.

6,226

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Daphne Câmara Barcellos, Alessandra Buhler Borges, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Graziela Ribeiro Batista

Analysis of the Pulp Chamber Temperature of Teeth Submitted to Light Activation with and without Bleaching Gel

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:23 - 27]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1048  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Purpose

This study evaluated the temperature of the pulpal chamber (PC) of teeth submitted to the light activation with and without bleaching gel, using different types of light sources.

Materials and methods

A digital thermometer, thermocouple K type, was located in the PC of human upper central incisors and the specimens received light activation from the following sources: G1—Laser, G2—Halogen light, G3—progressive intensity halogen lamp, G4—LED/Laser. The light was applied for 3 minutes, with and without the use of bleaching gel. The data were collected after every 30 seconds and analyzed by three-way ANOVA and Tukey's test.

Results

The mean values were: Use of the gel—with gel: 3.09a, without gel: 2.79b; Type of light source—G1: 0.60a, G2: 2.38b, G3: 4.16c, G4: 4.63d; Time of activation 30 seconds: 1.15a, 1 minutes: 2.20b, 1 minutes 30 seconds: 2.97c, 2 minutes: 3.44d, 2 minutes 30 seconds: 3.81e, 3 minutes: 4.09e.

Conclusions

The use of bleaching gel associated with light activation resulted in higher heating of the PC. LED/LASER light and progressive intensity halogen lamp showed highest levels of heating. The increase of irradiation time significantly increased the temperature.

3,302

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Aruna M Devi, Pooja Hampannavar, G Radha, Sushi Kadanakuppe, SR Nagashree, Vinod A Kumar

Comparing the Efficacy of Plaque Removal between Salvadora persica (Miswak) and Manual Toothbrush in 12 to 15 Years School Children

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:29 - 33]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1049  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim

To compare the efficacy of plaque removal between chewing stick (Miswak—Salvadora persica) and manual toothbrush in 12 to 15 years old school children.

Methods

A randomized, examiner-blind, parallel design study was conducted over a 2-month period, among 12 to 15 years old students of Sri Sajjan Rao Vidya Samasthe, Bengaluru. A sample size of 60 subjects was randomly allocated into two groups, 30 subjects in group A (manual toothbrush) and 30 subjects in group B (chewing stick). The plaque index (Turesky et al, modified Quigley Hein plaque index) was used for base line, pre- and postintervention assessment. Then the data was collected and subjected to statistical analysis and the test used was Student-t test.

Results

The results were given separately for between and within group comparison. The difference in mean PI score between toothbrush users and tooth stick users is found to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). Higher mean PI score was found in tooth stick users compared to toothbrush users and the mean difference was statistically significant. The difference in mean PI score in both the groups, before and after intervention was statistically significant (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Manual toothbrush and Miswak tooth sticks (Salvadora persica) both are effective in removal of plaque, but manual toothbrush was more effective than Miswak tooth stick, which was statistically significant.

5,114

RESEARCH ARTICLE

BS Keshava Prasad, Sunu Sudhakaran

Radioactive Isotope Evaluation of Coronal Leakage after Endodontic Treatment in Teeth Restored with Three Different Intracoronal Restorative Materials: An in vitro Study

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:35 - 38]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1050  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the coronal microleakage following endodontic treatment of teeth restored with three different intracoronal restorations using calcium-45 radioisotope and autoradiography. A total of 48 extracted human mandibular premolars with single canals were divided into three experimental groups of 16 specimens each. The teeth were sectioned horizontally at the cementoenamel junction and at the middle-third of the root, orifices and canals were enlarged with Gates Glidden bur and finished using K files, and obturated with gutta-percha cones using lateral condensation technique. 3 mm of gutta-percha were removed from the coronal part of the teeth to prepare a clean 3 mm deep cavity for the coronal restorative material. Group 1 consisted of teeth restored with Ketac Molar Easymix; group 2 with Miracle Mix and group 3 with Filtek Z350. The teeth were then thermocycled and tested for microleakage using calcium-45 radioisotope. The results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test. Filtek Z350 exhibited the least leakage followed by Ketac Molar Easymix and Miracle Mix, and the microleakage among the three restorative materials was statistically significant.

3,929

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Shobha Deshpande, Santosh M Sholapurmath, Shigli L Anand

General Disturbances and their Correlation to the Eruption of Primary Dentition in Children between 5 and 30 Months Age Group of Belgaum City: An Epidemiological Study

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:39 - 43]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1051  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background and objective

The effect of teething on infants health has been debated for at least 5000 years and traditional beliefs on issue have still not been entirely supplemented by scientific finding. This study has tried to gather scientific information of systemic/clinical signs and symptoms in scientific manner. The objectives of this study were: (1) To describe the most frequent objective clinical manifestation during the eruption of primary teeth, e.g. fever, diarrhea, drooling, fever-drooling, fever-diarrhea, drooling-diarrhea. (2) To assess the correlation between systemic symptoms and eruption of various group of teeth, e.g. incisor, canine, molar.

Methods

The survey was conducted in 500 children between 5 and 30 months and registered at child development center, KLES's Hospital and Medical Research Center, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum, Karnataka. A specially structured questionnaire was applied with face-to-face interview. Information was relayed in yes or no manner of objective manifestation during eruption of primary incisor, canine and molar which included drooling, diarrhea, fever and combination of these symptoms. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and Chi-square analyses.

Results

The study showed more number of children in group A (less than 12 months) manifested drooling symptoms. As the ages advances with group B (between 12 and 18 months), group C (between 18 and 24 months) and group D (above 24 months), clinical manifestation of saliva found to be reduced. The results of study showed that 87.78%; 57.8%; 57.55%; 25.7%; of children with erupting teeth demonstrated general clinical symptoms like drooling, diarrhea and fever. The presence of fever-diarrhea in this study within group A, group B, group C and group D showed highest number of children by the manifestation than any other codes evaluated in the study.

Interpretation and conclusion

Present data demonstrate association between fever-diarrhea observed in all group consistently when marked numerically. As the age advances the fever-diarrhea from group C (between 18 and 24 months) and group D (above 24 months) rank second and third. This ranking in group A (less than 12 months) and group B (between 12 and 18 months) at its highest position and attributable to lower immunity of infants. Further, virology study should be conducted on subjects to demonstrate any possible occurrence of systemic disturbances.

3,605

CASE REPORT

Sanjana A Patil, Avinash A Patil, Preeti K Dodwad

Management of Non-Vital Teeth with Open Apices using MTA as an Apical Plug: Two Case Reports

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:45 - 48]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1052  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Management of non-vital teeth with open apices is a challenge to dental practitioners. In this clinical scenario, it is difficult to maintain the obturation material within the confines of root canal without encroaching into periapical area. Also, thin dentinal walls of canal is a matter of concern. These cases cannot be managed by conventional endodontic treatment and need customized treatment plan. Treatment of such teeth with calcium hydroxide may demand long time and patient compliance. But with MTA same treatment can be done in reasonably less time with predictable results. Hence, these two case reports present the use of MTA to form an apical plug in open apex followed by complete root canal obturation using thermoplasticized gutta-percha under operating microscope.

5,272

CASE REPORT

GC Rajkumar, Bindu Ramesh, R Shashikala, Manjunath

Paget's Disease of Maxilla

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:49 - 51]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1053  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Paget's disease is an idiopathic, non-neoplastic affliction characterized by disordered bone formation and resorption. It affects about 3% of the population. Paget's disease affects mainly the skull, femur, tibia and pelvic bones. Facial skeleton is involved in about 17% of the cases. We present a case of Paget's disease involving maxillary and mandibular skeleton which developed osteomyelitis following extraction of maxillary right posterior teeth.

4,032

CASE REPORT

Gururaj Patil Bheemanagouda, Kaveri Satish Hallikeri, Rekha Pillai Krishna

T-Cell-Rich Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Presenting as an Intraosseous Maxillary Neoplasm

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:53 - 55]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1054  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are a group of highly diverse malignancies with great tendency to affect organs and tissues that do not ordinarily contain lymphoid cells. T-cell/histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphoma (TCRBCL) is an uncommon histological variant of large B-cell non- Hodgkin lymphoma, morphologically characterized by a minor population of clonal B-cells distributed in a background of prominent reactive T lymphocytes. This is an interesting case of extranodal isolated TCRBCL in jaw bone and to our knowledge this is the first report of its kind in a nonimmune compromised 40-year-old female. An increase in the number of case reports of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in head and neck region definitely makes it to be included as differential diagnosis. The patient has completed 5 years of therapy with no evidence of recurrence.

2,676

CASE REPORT

S Jayachandran, N Balaji

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:6] [Pages No:57 - 62]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1055  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is rare unique disorder of the reticuloendothelial system characterized by an abnormal proliferation of histiocytes and eosinophilic leukocytes. Lichtenstein gave the term Histiocytosis X in 1953 to include three clinical varieties; Eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Schüller-Christian disease and Letterer-Siwe disease, which shared some common histologic features and clinical findings. In 1973, the term LCH was introduced as an alternative to histiocytosis X. LCH may manifest orally with single or multiple lesions of the alveolar or basal bone, ulcerated mucosal lesions accompanied by adenopathies and/or periodontal lesions, presenting gingival inflammation, bleeding, recession, necrosis, mobility of teeth and premature loss of teeth. Herewith, we report a case of LCH in a 45-year-old male with a characteristic oral and radiological findings. The purpose of this case report is to highlight the unique and rare presentation of oral and multiple skeletal involvement of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

7,801

CASE REPORT

Rohit Agrawal, NS Yadav, R Guruprasad

A Rare Case of Gorlin Cyst in the Maxillary Anterior Edentulous Region

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:63 - 66]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1056  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The Gorlin cyst (calcifying epithelial odontogenic cyst) is a rare lesion. Its clinical and radiological features are not pathognomonic, and is characterized by histological diversity. Radiographically, it presents as a unilocular or, occasionally, multilocular radiolucency that may contain calcified radiopacities or tooth-like densities. Microscopic appearance of odontogenic epithelium admixed with focal areas of dentinoid formation or calcification along with sheets of ghost cells gives the definitive diagnosis of Gorlin cyst. A rare case of Gorlin cyst, which present as swelling in the maxillary anterior edentulous region along with emphasis on review of literature, is presented in this paper.

3,604

CASE REPORT

CH Srinivas N, M Jayanthi

Post Endodontic Restoration of Severely Decayed Primary Dentition: A Challenge to Pediatric Dental Surgeon

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:3] [Pages No:67 - 69]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1057  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Dental caries is the single most common chronic childhood disease. In early childhood caries, there is early pulpal involvement and gross destruction of the maxillary anterior teeth. This leads to decreased masticatory efficiency, difficulty in speech, psychological problems due to compromised esthetics, development of abnormal tongue habits and subsequent malocclusion. The restoration of severely decayed primary incisors is often a procedure that presents a special challenge to dentists, particularly in an uncooperative child. This case presents the clinical sequence of rehabilitation of upper anterior primary teeth, where endodontic treatments were done chairside followed by the construction of root post using stainless steel and the fabrication of crowns composed of resin.

1,225

CASE REPORT

M Manjunath, P Sharada, T Smitha, N Rakesh

Sialolipoma of Hard Palate: A Rare Variant of Lipoma

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:4] [Pages No:71 - 74]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1058  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

The designation 'sialolipoma’ is given to a recently described histologic variant of lipoma characterized by well-demarcated proliferation of mature adipocytes with secondary entrapment of salivary gland elements. Nagao et al from Japan first described this new variant. These tumors have been observed in both the major and minor salivary glands with around 35 cases being reported in the English literature. The most common site for the tumor is the parotid (17 cases, 60.7%) followed by the hard palate (four cases, 14.2%). We report a similar case of sialolipoma arising in the hard palate presenting in a 45-year-old male. Diagnosed as an ordinary lipoma of the hard palate, complete surgical removal of the tumor was done. The histopathological features showed a well-encapsulated lesion exhibiting both adipose tissue and glandular epithelium, and based on the recent criteria of histological findings of sialolipoma, the tumor was diagnosed as sialolipoma of the hard palate. Because of its rarity, it was fitting to report this entity.

3,694

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sumant Goel, Kiran Kumar Kodali, Shameem Tanveer, V Srihari

Ligation of Blocked-Out Incisors Simplified

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:2] [Pages No:75 - 76]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1059  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Ligation of archwire into bracket by conventional method when the incisors are lingually or palatally placed is cumbersome, time consuming and is even worse when there is vertical discrepancy between the slots of adjacent brackets. In this article, we suggested a new method of ligating the blocked-out incisors. This method can also be used effectively to ligate the lingually tipped tooth due to bond failure during retraction phase.

3,477

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Ranjit B Singh, Jeevan V Prakash, SN Chaitan, Prakash S Tandur, Shilpa Kokate

Maxillofacial Injuries in the Pediatric Patient: An Overview

[Year:2011] [Month:January-March] [Volume:2] [Number:1] [Pages:5] [Pages No:77 - 81]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1060  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Children are uniquely susceptible to craniofacial trauma because of their greater cranial mass-to-body ratio. The pediatric population sustains 1 to 14.7% of all facial fractures. The majority of these injuries are encountered by boys (53.7-80%) who are involved in motor vehicle accidents (up to 80.2%). The incidence of other systemic injury concomitant to facial trauma is significant (10.4-88%). The management of the pediatric patient with maxillofacial injury should take into consideration, the differences in anatomy and physiology between children and adults, the presence of concomitant injury, the particular stage in growth and development (anatomic, physiologic and psychological), and the specific injuries and anatomic sites that the injuries affect. The greatest concern when treating the pediatric patient is the effect of the injury or treatment on growth and development. This is both anatomically and psychologically important and may have various effects on management for the different stages of psychological development.

6,187

© Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) LTD.