Extrapleural retroperitoneal approach
by GD Sundararaj

Jaypee’s Ganga Video Atlas of Spine Surgery

by Rajasekaran S
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A left sided approach is usually preferred due to the presence of the aorta and the spleen which are easier to retract in contrast to the liver and the inferior vena cava. An intercostal chest tube is mandatory if the surgeon accidentally enters the pleural cavity.

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