Echo physics—the basics
by Rajesh Shah

Illustrative Video Manual of Echocardiography: A Step by Step Approach (Part I)

by Rajesh Shah
About Video

These slides depict the indications and the advantage of the sonography along with the great advances in the field. People have started with large machines occupying the whole room to now only handheld devices that can be carried in the pocket. This slide illustrates how the idea of using ultrasound for evaluation of the heart came in the mind, from the use of sonar equipment in the ship. It was used to find the depth of the sea bed or locate the whales. These slides discuss the basics of sound waves, there properties like wavelength and frequency, and the speed in various tissues. These slides discuss the display of ultrasound in its three forms namely—A-mode, B-mode and the M-mode. These slides discuss the different ultrasound—tissue interactions, namely—the refraction, reflection, attenuation, scatter, etc. These slides, all tell us about the different target tissue characteristics and the meaning or the terminologies used such as isoechoic, anechoic, hypoechoic, etc. All these slides discuss the construction and the types of transducers that are used in ultrasonography, namely—the linear, convex and microconvex, etc. All these slides discuss in details the causes of artefacts, and method of overcoming them, like, the side lobe artefacts, near field clutter, enhancement, reverberation, the mirror image artefacts and electromagnetic artefacts.

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